TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING AND LEARNING
, what to
What do we mean by “technology”?
Technology' in its broadest terms could include
overhead projectors and even pen and paper but, in the
context of Learning Technology, it is generally understood
that we are talking about technologies that have arrived with
the 'Information Revolution' i.e. those associated with
computers.
MEANING OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
- Educational Technology
Meaning Application of system approach to education
and Training. Emphasis the interrelation of Men, Machine,
Methods, Media and Materials (5M’s).
Educational Technology
Definition Educational Technology is defined as
development, application, and evaluation of systems,
techniques, and aids to improve the process of human learning.
- NCERT
Educational Technology -Objectives 
 Transmitting information. 
 Assisting the practice of specific skills. 
 Contribution to the provision of feedback. 
 The need to reach out to maximum number of students.
 To offer greater opportunities for independent study. 
 To design, modify and develop appropriate equipment
/aids suitable and relevant to the educational process.
 To identify the educational needs of the learner. 
 To identify the necessary teaching learning materials.
 To plan teaching strategies, models and methods as per
the need and objectives. 
 To evaluate the effectiveness of teaching . Strategy in
terms of learning outcomes. 
 To provide appropriate feedback to student as well as
teachers. 
 To modify the teaching learning process on the basis of
feedback received.
Scope of Educational Technology 
 Spelling out Educational goals and Objectives
- based on individualized and social needs. 
 Smart use of technology reduces wasted time, energy, and
money. 
 Curriculum Development
- planning of curricular and co-curricular inputs in order
to realize planned goals and objectives.
 Developing Teaching-Learning materials and Resources
- develops necessary learning materials in the form of
programmed learning books, computer learning packages,
mass media instruction, individualized self-instructional
packages etc. 
 Developing Human resource
ET covers the area of teacher education. 
- developing Strategies Teaching strategies, approaches
and methods are devised and developed catering to
different types of students.
 Developing Multi-Sensory Aids
- design, development of audio visual aids.
 Feedback Mechanism and Modification
- ET develops tool of evaluation to provide feedback.
 Develops Passive Instruction Services
- educational radio, TV, computers are used for
transmitting information. They are passive services since
all decisions are in the hands of the providers, i.e.
be presented, for how long, in what sequence and when.
 Develops Interactive Instruction Services
- ET tries to provide opportunities for the learner to
control the pace, mode of presentation etc. eg. Computer
Assisted Instruction (CAI), Teleconferencing via Internet
etc.
 Develops Learning Environments
- ET develops learning environment that are learner
friendly. Eg. Simulation.
 Developing Information Resources
- ET bridging the gap between developments in
Information Technology and Education. Information
Resources : Eg. E-libraries, On - Line Encyclopedia,
World Wide Web.
 Develops Communication Devices
- ET has developed communication devices for students
who have mental capability to communicate, but are not
able to speak.
 To Reduce the Burden of Teachers
- ET supports the teacher in Teaching Learning Process.
Technology in Education
 The application of technology to any process of
educational enterprises.
 Use of the technological advancement in terms of various
equipments, materials, and machines for educational
purposes.
 It involves the increasingly complex range of audiovisual
equipment, sophisticated electronic devices like
projectors, films, radio, TV, tape recorder, computers etc
for individualized and group learning.
Technology of Education
 Technology of Education is the application of psychology
of learning theories, principles of instruction, curriculum,
and learning to the process of education.
 In this the educationalist are involved in designing and
evaluation of system of learning.
 It enables a teacher to use a variety of media and modes to
make his teaching effective.
Technology can enhance teaching and learning by:
 Providing multiple material types for all learning styles.
 Enhancing communication between faculty/student and
student/student. 
 Promoting constructivist and active learning.
 Enhancing collaborative teaching and learning. 
 Providing asynchronous and synchronous communication.
 Promoting higher expectations via peer review and
feedback.
 Providing prompt progress information.
 Enabling stronger group collaboration.
 Promoting and fostering life long learning.

BEST PRACTICES FOR USING TECHNOLOGY IN
THE CLASSROOM
When using technology for teaching, there are four basic
principles to be kept in mind:
•Alignment: Technology should be used for a purpose—not
for the sake of being flashy and not as a distraction from
other forms of pedagogy.
•Accessibility: Be sure that the technology that you intend
to use is accessible to your students.
•Assessment: As with lectures, discussions, and labs,
provide your students with guidance when dealing with
media technologies.
•Reinforcement: Technology should be used as
reinforcement of and supplement to your teaching