Community Engagement Module

ST. JOHN COLLEGE OF BUUG FOUNDATION, INC.
National Highway, Poblacion Buug, Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines 7009

Email: sjc_registrarsoffice@yahoo.com Telefax: (062) 983-1067
COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
A Course Module in
COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT
Student's Name:
Course & Year:
Student's Contact Number:
Instructor:
Instructor's Contact Number:
SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values
“Leading Academic Excellence through Serving the People and Securing the Land”
Introduction
This Course Self-Learning Module was planned, designed, developed and reviewed by
the educators and the administrators of this institution. In collaboration of instructor in-charge of
the course this course module is compliant and aligned to the course syllabus. The writers
utilized the standards set by the Commission of Higher Education in developing the instruction
of the course.
This course learning module anticipates for the students to take part in independent
activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also expects to help the students acquire the
needed skills and knowledge in 21st Century for them to compete locally and globally.
Notes for the Instructor:
As Instructor you are expected to orient the students on how to use this course learning
module. You also need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the students as they do
the tasks and activities in this module.
For the students:
This course self-learning module was designed to provide you with meaningful
opportunities in learning this course at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process
the contents of this learning material while being and active learner.
You are required to have a permanent Gmail Account for passing of the answered
worksheets and a Google Classroom account. Facebook, Messenger and Google Meet will
also be utilize.
The following is an additional tip on how to use this module effectively and appreciate the
lessons:
 As you read the modules, you will see words in italic or in bold face. When you see
these words, the instructor recommends that you recess and try to discover what the
word means because this would help you to understand the whole concept that the
instructor is trying to convey, of course, if you find it difficult, try to search for its word
meanings in the dictionary.
This module has the following parts:

 Objectives – this points to the set of knowledge and skills that you will learn after
completing the module.
 Pre-assessment – a diagnostic test about what is already known in the topic and
readiness to start a new lesson.
 Lesson Proper – this section discusses the topic in the module.
 Evaluation – this is set of activities that you need to perform and answer.
STUDY SCHEDULE:
PRELIM
WEEK TOPIC DATE TIME
Orientation and Expectation Setting for Course
Week 1-2 Lesson I: The Importance of Studying Community
Dynamics and Action
Week 3-4 Lesson II: Various Perspectives

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
MIDTERM
Week 5-6 Lesson III: Functions of Communities

Week 7-8 Lesson IV: Typologies of Communities
MIDTERM EXAMINATION
PREFINAL
Lesson V: The Value of Undertaking Community
Week 9-10
Action
Lesson VI: Forms of Community
Week 11-12
Engagement/Action
PREFINAL EXAMINATION
FINAL
Week 13 Lesson VII: The Importance of Solidarity

FINAL EXAMINATION
Assessment:
Varied evaluation strategies will be utilized to document learning achieved in this course.
One hundred percent (100%) is the highest point one can earn based on the following
parameters:
Class Attendance/Written Works - 20%
Performance Tasks - 40%
Quarterly Assessment - 40%
Grading System:
Grades will be allocated based on the percentage earned:

1.0 = 97-99 Excellent
1.25 = 94-96 Superior
1.5 = 91-93 Very good
1.75 = 88-90 Very good
2.0 = 85-87 Good
2.25 = 82-84 Good
2.5 = 79-81 Fair
2.75 = 76-78 Fair
3.0 = 73-75 Passing
5.0 = 72 and below Failed
.
Learning Methods and Strategies:
The course will use a variety of learning activities, including: Online lecture discussions,
exercises and activities to be submitted in my Facebook, e-mail account and Google classroom,
and research activities.
Course Requirements:
In order to pass this course, a student must be able to obtain a rating of at least 75%
derived from the following fulfilled requirements:
1. Attendance and Online/Remote Class Activity Participation
2. Major Examinations
3. Task Performance
4. Problem – Based Learning/Project – Based Tasks
Course Expectations:
1. Observe the rules and regulations of the institution’s regarding the proper decorum,
attendance and the general requirements for student as per stipulated in the Students
Handbook;
2. Equip oneself with relevant, updated and current news and information;
3. Conduct self-paced learning for the General Mathematics terminologies and concepts
prior to attending this class;
4. Possess extensive knowledge on Word Processing and Spreadsheets as a means to

process tasks and activities;
5. Participate actively in class discussions and activities to earn points for this course using
English language as a means of communication;
6. Assert one’s own point of view during the discussion or may initiate discussion/topics
relevant to the course without prejudice, bigotry, biases and discrimination and consider
individual differences;
7. Monitor their E-Mail/SMS inboxes for announcements, assignments and comments.
Hence, all students are required to register in group;
8. Observe proper citations when utilizing published or unpublished works to avoid
violations of Intellectual Property Rights;
9. Share insights to improve Rubric for each Requirement;
10. Submit required tasks in a neat and presentable manner; and
11. Prepare, accomplish, submit, present and perform all assigned tasks and course works
required in order to pass this course.
** The Teacher In-Charged of this course is also expected to exhibit the same above-mentioned
expectations.
Online/Remote Learning Policies:
1. Late submissions are not accepted. Unless there is a very valid excuse for such late
submission. The following are considered valid: hospitalized (with medical certificate),
death of an immediate family member (God forbid), and flu (but not hospitalized; with an
excuse letter from parents, guardian, or dorm manager).
2. Plagiarism is to be avoided at all costs. First offense, the student will receive a grade of
0 for the work/activity/seatwork/essay. Second offense, the student will receive a final
grade of 0.0 for the subject.
3. For attendance, the policies of the school are applied.
FORMAT OF PAPERS:
This is followed in any requirement that will be submitted in class.
 PAPER: Letter size bond paper (“Short size: 21.59 cm x 27.94 cm)
 ORIENTATION: Portrait (It would only be in landscape if specified in the instructions)
 MARGIN: 1” margin – top, bottom, left, right
 FONT: Arial #11
 SPACING: Double space, but no extra space between paragraphs
 TOP OF THE FIRST PAGE: On the top of the first page should always be:
Full Name: (First Name, Middle Name, Surname)
Year and Section: __________
Date: __________
 PAGE NUMBERS: Always have page numbers, unless the assigned paper has only one
page.
 REFERENCE: The “Reference” will always be on a separate paper or papers.
LESSON I: THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING

COMMUNITY DYNAMICS AND COMMUNITY ACTION
OBJECTIVE(S):
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

a. define the role and importance of the individual in the community; and
b. explain the importance of studying community dynamics and community action in
relation to social sciences.
Pre-Assessment:
Directions: Read the story, “The Elephant and the Blind Men”, by American poet John
Godfrey Saxe and answer the questions that follow. Use your answer sheet.
The Elephant and the Blind Men

(John Godfrey Saxe)
Once upon a time, there lived six blind men in a village. One day the villagers told them,
“Hey, there is an elephant in the village today”.
They had no idea what an elephant is. They decided, “Even though we would not be able
to see it, let us go and feel it anyway.” All of them went were the elephant was.
Everyone of them touched the elephant.
“Hey, the elephant is a pillar,” said the first man who touched his leg.
“Oh, no! it is like a rope,” said the second man who touched the tail.
“Oh, no! it is like a thick branch of a tree,”
said the third man who touched the trunk of the elephant.
“It is like a big hand fan,” said the fourth man who touched the ear of the elephant.
“It is like a huge wall,” said the fifth man who touched the belly of the elephant.
“It is like a solid pipe,” said the sixth man who touched the tusk of the elephant.
They began to argue about the elephant, and everyone of them insisted that he be right.
It looked like they were getting agitated.
A wise man was passing by, and he saw this.
He stopped and asked them, “What is the matter?”
They said, “We cannot agree to what the elephant is like.”
Each one of them told what he thought the elephant was. The wise
man calmly explained to them, “All of you are right. The reason everyone of you is telling
it differently because each one of you touched the different part of the elephant. So, the
elephant has all those features what you all said.
“Oh!” everyone said. There was no more fight. They felt happy that they were all right.
Guided Questions:
1. Whose description of the elephant was correct?
2. What is the moral story of “The Elephant and the Blind Men?”
*Please provide your own understanding about community.
3. What significance can this story have on the study of the community?
Lesson Proper:
 To “see” is to get to know and understand the community. It is prerequisite for judgment
and action. To “judge” is to analyze and assess the community based on one’s
knowledge. To “act” is to push for community action. The Community assessment will be
the basis of the community engagement or action.
 Community situations vary. Each community has its own context and realities. Those
interested in working with a community must first have a clear picture and a good grasp
of the entity they are trying to address. It is in appreciating the features and elements of
a community that engagement processes and actions become relevant, acceptable, and
appropriate.
Gains from Understanding Community Dynamics
Provides benchmarking The data illustrate the preliminary picture or image of the
data community. It serves as the initial community situationer or
briefer.
Provides preliminary project Understanding community dynamics is the key to a sound and
planning information relevant community development plan which includes
strategies and actions meant to enhance the quality of life in a
community.
Provides an idea of the The community’s strengths and challenges guides the
community’s strengths and community based project development team (stakeholders) to
challenges identify the strengths and possible loopholes of the project
design. Thus, it will make the design more feasible and
realistic.
Provides an opportunity to The success or failure of a community project is strongly
understand the community’s affected by the prevailing rules and norms in the community.
dominant rules and norms. The intensity or degree or reactions or sensitivities of the
community members is affected by those rules and norms.
Provides an occasion to An understanding of the community members’ attitude and
gauge the attitude and behavior will give the project development team an idea
behavior of the community whether the project will be supported or rejected or whether it
can be negotiated with the people.
Provides a way for a more The quality of the dialogue depends on how well-informed or
directed and well-informed how knowledgeable the outsiders(in a target community for
dialogue with the community project development) are on the community situation and
issues. Project Development is a process of creating or
innovating ideas, interventions, and technologies that would
respond to a particular need or problem in the community.
Makes networking and With the idea of the different advocacy and interest groups in
partnership building more the community, it is easier for people from schools,
favorable institutions, or groups to partner with local networks or
associations.
Gets project implementation The project implementation plan includes the steps and
less complicated processes that must be taken into consideration. An
understanding of the community will tell the project
development and implementation team what not to do or what
to be more concerned of.
 There are many ways to understand and appreciate a community but there is no
substitute to immersing and living with that community. It is more than exposure; it
means immersion. It is a process of living with people in order to feel, smell, and think
like them.
 Communities are generally defined by their common cultural heritage, language, beliefs,
and shared interests. They may be classified as small such as the small place based
community of a barangay or coastal village, or large such as a region, state, or nation.
Small communities have defined territories and are given life by three interacting people
processes:
(a) an underlying web of human relationships called as social fabric;
(b) a unique community power structure; and
(c) a set of resource flows that constitute a local economy.
 Having a sense of community unites us. Being a part of a community gives us
opportunities to connect with people, to reach for our goals, and make us feel safe and
secure. It’s important for every person to have a sense of community. Involvement with
your community helps prepare people to become responsible and active citizens, who
understand the challenges local people face and work to improve the quality of life
through political and non-political processes.
Evaluation:
TEST I:
1. Take a mental tour of a community, preferably a poor community that is
familiar to you.
2. Imagine that you are investigating the community. Be quiet and let your mind travel slowly
and be aware of what the exercise reveals.
3. Identify the power actors/players in the community. Who are the influential members of the
community? What are the characteristics of these people? How do they influence the
members of the community?
4. Your explanation will be evaluated based on the following:
TEST II:
Directions: Write your essay in your answer sheet.
PHOTO ESSAY
1. Does the scene below qualify as a form of community engagement? Why or why not?
2. Say something about the pictures below, cite the community dynamics.
Picture A Picture B
______________________ ____________________________
______________________ ____________________________
______________________ ____________________________
TEST III:
Instructions:
1. Each one of you will come up with a definition and description of community.
2. Write the definition and illustrate the description on a piece of bond paper.
3. Explain your definition and illustration.
TEST IV:
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the best answer among the given choices.
Write the chosen letter on your answer sheet.
1. Why it is that a community can be considered like an organism?
A. It is a unique community power structure.
B. It can function even if people come and go.
C. It is a set of resource flows that constitute a local economy.
D. It is an underlying web of human relationships called as social fabric.
2. How the dynamics of a community determined?
A. By its nature and structure and how it reacts with external or internal forces.
B. By their behavior or reaction can break or make community development
interventions.
C. By the characteristics of a community may be attributed to the combination of the
communities’ human resource.
D. By structures that have impact on local communities and also linkages that form
collaborative works.
3. What will be the basis of the community engagement or action?
A. Community briefer
B. Community Assessment
C. Community Case Analysis
D. Proposal for Youth Community Plan
4. According to Murphy and Cunningham (2003), small communities have “defined territories
and are given life by three interacting people processes, EXCEPT?
A. A unique community power structure.
B. A set of resource flows that constitute a local economy.
C. An underlying web of human relationships called as social fabric.
D. The capacity to influence the decision-making and distribution processes.
5. Community situations vary. Communities are generally defined based on following, EXCEPT?
A. Beliefs
B. Language
C. Personal Interest
D. Cultural Heritage
6. An understanding of the community members’ attitude and behaviour will give the project
development team an idea whether the project will be supported or rejected or whether it can be
negotiated with the people. What gains from community dynamic is this?
A. Provide benchmarking data
B. Provides preliminary project planning information
C. Makes networking and partnership building more favorable
D. Provides an occasion to gauge the attitude and behaviour of the community
7. The data illustrate the preliminary picture or image of the community. It serves as the initial
community situationer or briefer. What gains from community dynamic is this?
8. It is necessary to secure community information and feedback needed for the
conceptualization of a project design or plan. Understanding community dynamics is the key to
sound and relevant community development plan. What gains from community dynamic is this?
9. By having an idea of the different advocacy and interest groups in the community, it is easier
for people from schools, institutions, or groups to partner with local networks and associations.
What gains from community dynamic is this?
10. An in-depth understanding of the community’s strengths and challenges guides the
community-based project development team to identify the strengths and possible loopholes of
the project design. What gains from community dynamic is this?
A. Gets project implementation less complicated
B. Provides an idea of the community’s strengths and challenges
C. Provides a way for a more directed and well-informed dialogue with the community
D. Provides an opportunity to understand the community’s dominant rules and norms.
TEST V:
Instructions:
Describe your community/village/town/barrio. Using the pattern provided by a “classy”
village cum resorts being developed in the Southern part of Manila, describe your community
(not all elements may present in your community).
1. Lifestyle:
(It offers the best of both worlds for its residents – it only gives luxury; it also gives
comfort. It has a pleasantly quiet, community-like feel with wide streets, swaying palm trees, and
stroll-able sidewalks). My community
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
2. Amenities:
What is a community without top-of-the-line shopping right on the doorstep? Residents
will get to fuel their passion for fashion when a 2- kilometer commercial and retail row would
soon to thrive near the residential area. The street will showcase an array of top local and global
luxury boutiques; it will also house various high-end restaurants to satiate food craving. Within
the community, you can find a one hectare space for its exciting lifestyle amenities in its 2-
storey clubhouse. This will also include basketball, badminton and volleyball courts. My
community
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
3. Accessibility (Churches, schools, markets, recreation center, city/municipal hall, hospitals):

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
4. Security:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
*NOTE: This RUBRICS may apply all activities in this module.
REMINDERS:
On the 4th day of the week you have to submit your answer of the following activities
given from Lesson 1 to my email account mariavanessasagario.sjc@gmail.com and make sure
that your name is complete to avoid any conflict.
On the 5th day of the week you have to go to the google classroom. Join the class and
enter the code that was sent to you via email/group chat messenger. This will be the time that I
will discuss the answers of those activities/exercises as well as answering your clarifications, if
there is any.
------------------------------END OF WEEK 1&2-----------------------------------
LESSON II: Various Perspectives: Social Sciences,

Institutions, Civil Society and Local Grassroots Level
OBJECTIVE(S):

a. define and discuss briefly the various perspectives; and
b. compare and contrast the definitions of community using various perspectives.
Pre-Assessment:
Write the chosen letter on answer sheet.
1. Why it is that a community can be considered like an organism?
A. It is a unique community power structure.
B. It can function even if people come and go.
C. It is a set of resource flows that constitute a local economy.
D. It is an underlying web of human relationships called as social fabric.
2. How the dynamics of a community determined?
A. By its nature and structure and how it reacts with external or internal forces.
B. By their behavior or reaction can break or make community development
interventions.
C. By the characteristics of a community may be attributed to the combination of the
communities’ human resource.
D. By structures that have impact on local communities and also linkages that form
collaborative works.
3. What will be the basis of the community engagement or action?
A. Community briefer
B. Community Assessment
C. Community Case Analysis
D. Proposal for Youth Community Plan
4. According to Murphy and Cunningham (2003), small communities have “defined territories
and are given life by three interacting people processes, EXCEPT?
A. A unique community power structure.
B. A set of resource flows that constitute a local economy.
C. An underlying web of human relationships called as social fabric.
D. The capacity to influence the decision-making and distribution processes.
5. Community situations vary. Communities are generally defined based on following, EXCEPT?
A. Beliefs
B. Language
C. Personal Interest
D. Cultural Heritage
Lesson Proper:
 It is important to be acquainted with the different perspectives on the community in order

to appreciate why certain things are seen and done differently when it comes to
community interventions.
 Several Perspectives:
1. The Social Science Perspective

A community is a congregation of people unified by at least one common
characteristic. The people can be unified by geography, shared interests, values,
experiences, or traditions.
Generally, there is a common pattern of behaviour. The course of embracing the
behaviour patterns of the community is referred to as socialization. Socialization starts at
the early stage of life where one develops knowledge, skills, and orientation. Also it
happens during adulthood especially when the person is placed in a new environment,
and there is a need to adapt to a new pattern of behaviour.
2. The Community-Based Perspective (Local and Grassroots Level)

Community is seen as setting for intervention, target for change, resource, and
agent from the community-based perspective. The following are the descriptions per
classification.
First, as a setting for intervention, the community is mainly defined
geographically.
Second, as a target for change, the community denotes the goal of creating
healthy environment facilitated by policy and community-wide institutions and services.
The community is the target beneficiary of service interventions and other services.
Third, as a resource, the community is a good material for promotion as it has a
considerable degree of “community ownership and participation.” Thus, the situation
provides a high possibility of project intervention success.
Fourth, as an agent, the focus is on “respecting and reinforcing the natural
adaptive, supportive, and developmental capacities of communities”. “This means that
communities, through local institutions, provide resources for realizing regular needs.
3. The Ecological Perspectives

A community is a congregation of species that occur together in time and space
and have high probability for interaction. Changing social behaviour necessities applying
social influences as strategies for social change. The network of social influences at
various levels may be used as the venue for social interventions.
4. The Sectoral Perspective

Communities are seen as a system which is comprised of individuals and sectors
with diverse characteristics and interrelationships. The sectors are composed of groups
of individuals embodying distinct roles, functions and interests within the community
system to sustain the requirements of its members and beneficiaries.
To survive, communities must have well-integrated sectors that distribute, divide,

and exact accountabilities in managing the welfare and safety of the community. The
important factors to consider when attending to community problems include teamwork,
collaboration, partnership, and coordination. To strategize and help facilitate better
integration, a mapping of the sector’s resources may be applied.
5. The Civil Society Perspective

Civil Society (CS) is a wide array of nongovernmental organizations and
volunteer groups that are fighting for solutions to social issues that continue to worsen
the condition of the disadvantaged sectors of society, especially the poor. The CS
recognizes that those who are affected by social problems must organize and band
together to pursue and advocate for social change.
Community development (CD) is a means of enhancing CS as it prioritizes and
aligns community actions with economic, political, social, and ecological policy
development. CS plays a transformative and integral role as it helps empower the
community to enter into advocacy, dialogue, and networking. It promotes a cognizant
effort from the community to build leadership, enhance organizations, and advance
community development interventions.
6. Systems Perspective
Community, just like a church, is similar to a living creature, made up of different
parts that represent individual functions, activities, each operating within specific
boundaries to meet the needs of the community. For examples, the Department of
Health focuses on the prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries, the Department
of Education ensures quality education, the Bureau of Revenue collects proper taxes
from the people. From a systems perspective, collaboration is an integral and logical
element.
7. Social Perspective
This perspective describes the social and political networks that connect
individuals, organizations, and its leaders. A clear understanding of the different
networks is crucial in planning how to engage in community activities.
8. Virtual Perspective
Today, individuals rely heavily on computer-mediated communication.
Technology continues to amaze people not just the millennials but also the people at
age 60’s +. Virtual communities are social groups with a common interest that interact in
an organized fashion using the Internet.
9. Individual Perspective
Individuals who are living in a community have their unique sense of
membership. Some may even have a sense of belonging to more than one community.
Evaluation:
TEST I:
Instructions: Write your answer in your answer sheet.
1. DEFINE briefly the various perspectives.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2. DISCUSS the meaning of each perspective.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
3. DIFFERENTIATE the meaning of community from one perspective

to another as applied in various circumstances.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
TEST II:
Instructions:
1. Choose among the various perspective.
2. Draw or make a visual organizer in your answer sheet.
3. Give insights as many as you can base on the chosen perspective.
TEST III:
Instructions:
Using a bond paper, paste some cut-out images/pictures of the various perspectives and
give a short description of each image or picture.
TEST IV:
Write the chosen letter on your notebook as your answer sheet.
1. The Philippine National Police are the armed national police force in the
Philippines, maintains peace and order, what perspective the statement describes?
A. Social Perspective
B. Virtual Perspective
C. Systems Perspective
D. Individual Perspective
2. Dapitan City Chinese School offers various styles of learning modalities in this time of
pandemic. Most of the students choose an online learning platform, what perspective does the
situation shows?
3. I grew up in Dapitan City but since 1995, I am already a resident in Lapu-lapu City, Cebu,
what perspective does the situation implies?
4. The following are the classification of the Community-Based Perspective, EXCEPT?
A. as a resource
B. as a structure
C. as a target for change
D. as a setting for intervention
5. Which of the following perspective that has a clear understanding of the different networks is
crucial in planning how to engage in community activities?
6. Why it is important to be acquainted with the different perspectives on the community?
A. Community manifests a combination of these two patterns of behavior.
B. In order to appreciate why certain things are seen and done differently when it comes
to community interventions.
C. Representation of various communities as it pushes for the communities’ common
interest
D. It promotes a cognizant effort from the community to build leadership, enhance
organizations, and advance community development.
7. Respecting and reinforcing the natural adaptive, supportive and developmental capacities of
communities. What does this mean?
A. This means that communities, through local institutions, provide resources for
realizing regular needs.
B. A behavior which is usually associated with the community where the person belongs
to.
C. Strategize and help facilitate better integration.
D. Help in identifying facilitating and hindering factors in resolving community problems.
8. If the behavior is perceived not only as a product of knowledge, values, and attitudes of
individuals but also as a result of social influences involving the family, social networks,
organizations, and public policy. What perspective is this?
A. The Sectoral Perspective
B. The Ecological Perspective
C. The Social Science Perspective
D. The Community-Based Perspective
9. If communities are seen as a system which is comprised of individuals and sectors with
diverse characteristics and interrelationships. What perspective is this?
10. If community is seen as a setting for intervention, target for change, resource, and agent.
What perspective is this?
TEST V:
Instructions:
1. On a piece of paper or in your answer sheet, write a description of a perspective on
the community. Choose from the five perspectives discussed. Write only the description
and not the term.
2. Determine the perspectives being described and discuss its main points.
3. Your output is rated in the following criteria below.
TEST VI:
Identification:
Write your answer on your answer sheet. Select the correct answer
from the table below:
1. Defined as a wide array of nongovernmental organizations and volunteer groups that

are for solutions to social issues that continue to worsen the condition of the
disadvantaged sectors of society, especially the poor.
2. These sectors composed of groups of individuals embodying distinct roles and
interests within the community system.
3. A community is a congregation of species that occur together in time and space and
have high probability for interaction.
4. This perspective requires vigilance in assessing community structures and processes
before any community interventions.
5. The people can be unified by geography, shared interests, values, experiences, or
traditions.
REMINDERS:
given from Lesson 2 to my email account mariavanessasagario.sjc @gmail.com and make sure
there is any.
------------------------------END OF WEEK 3&4-----------------------------------
LESSON III: Functions of Communities

in Terms of Structure, Dynamics, and Processes
OBJECTIVE(S):

a. appreciate the basic structures and subunits within the community ecosystem; and
b. recognize the functions of communities in terms of structure, dynamics and
processes.
Pre-Assessment:
Identification:
Write your answer on your answer sheet. Select the correct answer from the table
below:
1. Defined as a wide array of nongovernmental organizations and volunteer groups that

are for solutions to social issues that continue to worsen the condition of the
disadvantaged sectors of society, especially the poor.
2. These sectors composed of groups of individuals embodying distinct roles and
interests within the community system.
3. A community is a congregation of species that occur together in time and space and
have high probability for interaction.
4. This perspective requires vigilance in assessing community structures and processes
before any community interventions.
5. The people can be unified by geography, shared interests, values, experiences, or
traditions.
6. The key to this perspective is that to address a community’s complex reality
successfully requires proper integration, collaboration, and constant coordination of
resources from all its parts.
7. This perspective describes the social and political networks that connect individuals,
organizations, and its leaders.
8. Individuals rely heavily on computer-mediated communication.
9. Individuals who are living in a community have their unique sense of membership.
10. From this perspective, collaboration is an integral and logical element.
Lesson Proper:
 The Elements of a Community:
Nature and Power Structure

The dynamics of a community are determined by its nature and structure and how it reacts
with external or internal forces. It is thus important to recognize the characteristics and features
of a community to understand why it acts and reacts in a certain way.
The Nature of a Community
Nature Description
The concept of a community is not only a “construct” (model); it is
a sociological construct or a set of interactions or human behaviors
A community is a
that have meaning and expectations between its members. There is
sociological construct.
not just action, but actions based on shared expectations, values,
beliefs, and meanings between individuals.
When a community is a little village separated by a few kilometers
from other villages in a rural area, its boundaries appear at first to be
very simple. The human interaction present may be seen as
consisting only of relations among the residents living inside that
A community has
village.
fuzzy boundaries.
If the residents interact with people outside the village, they may,
for example, marry persons from other places and move or bring a
spouse in to live with them. The boundary of the community is no
longer that precise.
There may be communities within larger communities, including
A community can districts, regions, ethnic groups, nations, and other boundaries. There
exist within a larger may be marriages and other interactions that link the villages of a
community. nation together.
When technology is not based on local horticulture, the
A community may community residents may be physically mobile. They may be
move. nomadic herders walking long distances with their cattle. They may
be hunters who move to follow the game.
The Structure of a Community

In a community, change agents put premium in understanding power structure.
Community power structure is about the distribution of power at the local community level
(Sociology Guide). Power in a community is the capacity to influence the decision making and
distribution processes, to bring about change and get things done. The idea of power includes
determining the structures that have impact on local communities and also the linkages that
form collaborative works.
For community social change to happen, it is necessary to understand the power actors.
As discussed below, power actors have power mainly because of their influence.
Bases of Local
Description
Community Power
Connections The capacity to create linkages and develop helpful relationships with
powerful individuals, family, and organizations.
Power in Number The base, back-up, and support of the people in the community.
Rewards The ability to provide awards, promotion, money, and gifts that are
useful to meet individual or organizational goals.
Personal The capacity to foster respect and loyalty based on charm, talents,
Traits/Expertise and skills.
Legitimate Power The leadership title or higher organizational or institutional position.
Information The ability to keep or share information.
Coercion Influence through manipulation and coercion.
The Dimensions of a Community
A community is a complex system with different dimensions. These dimensions may be

present in all communities, but they may vary in size, degree, and complexity. This
characteristic of a community may be attributed to the combination of the communities’ human
resource, natural resource, culture, structure, and other factors.
Dimensions Description
Technological It is the community capital- its tools, skills, and ways of dealing with
the physical environment. It is the interface between humanity and
nature. This dimension is comprised of the learned ideas and
behavior that allow humans to invent, use, and teach others about
these tools. Technology is as much a cultural dimension as beliefs
and patterns of interaction are. It is symbolic.
Economic It is the community’s various ways and means of production and
allocation of scarce and useful goods and services through barter,
market trade, state allocations, and others. This dimension is about
the ideas and behavior that give value to cash (and other items).
Political The various ways and means of allocating power, influence, and
decision-making. It includes types of governments, management
systems, and how people in small bands or informal groups make
decisions when they do not have a recognized leader.
Institutional These are the ways people act, react, and interact with each other,
as well as the ways they expect each other to act and interact. It
includes institutions like marriage or friendship; roles like a mother or
a police officer; status or class; and other patterns of human
behavior.
Aesthetic- This refers to the structure of ideas sometimes paradoxical,
Values inconsistent, or contradictory-that people have about what is good
and bad, beautiful and ugly, and right and wrong. This is what they
use to explain or justify their actions. Shared community standards
are important in community and personal identity.
Beliefs- This dimension is religion and more. It is necessary to study and be
Conceptual aware of what the prevailing beliefs are in the community. For you to
be an effective catalyst of social change your actions must not offend
those prevailing beliefs; they must be consistent with, or at least
appropriate to, existing beliefs and concepts of how the universe
works.
The Four Approaches in Applying the term Community
Approaches of each group in applying the term

Groups
community
They are concerned about the social and spatial formation
First Group
of social organizations into small groups, such as
(Sociologists and
neighborhoods, small towns, or other spatially bounded
Geographers)
localities.
Second Group
Applies the term to ideas of belonging and difference
(Those Working in Cultural
around issues such as identity.
Studies and Anthropology)
Third Group Considers community as a form of political mobilization
(Those Working in the Social inspired by radical democracy that prompts communities of
Movement) action to oppose social injustice.
Consider the development of a community based on the
Fourth Group rise of a global society that draws on processes, such as
(Those Concerned about the transnational mobility and the development of diaspora, and
Influence of Globalization) technological development, such as global communications
and the Internet, to explain this.
Evaluation:
TEST I: “Masid-Suri”
Instructions:
Masid-to observe
1. Watch a short film or any movies about community life at your choice.
2. Watch and observe the dynamics at play.
3. Take notes of your observations in your answer sheet.
4. If you cannot watch a short film or movie, you can relate into your own
community.
Suri – to analyze
1. Write an essay on the community shown in the short film/movie or your
community.
2. Use the following guide questions:
2.1. What is the composition of the community?
2.2. What are the characteristics of the community?
2.3. What are the dynamics/structure`/processes in the community?
3. Your essay will be evaluated based on the following:
TEST II:
Instructions:
Make a slogan about a poor community and describe the community focusing on the
dimension that you chose. Your slogan will be evaluated based on the following RUBRICS:
After accomplishing your slogan, answer the following questions:

1. What slogan did you make?
2. What is the meaning of your slogan? How did you come up with it?
3. What were your realizations about the community while doing the activity?
4. What did you learn from the activity?
TEST III:
1. What is community power structure all about?

A. They vary in size, degree, and complexity.
B. It is the interface between humanity and nature.
C. The distribution of power at the local community.
D. Recognize the characteristics and features of a community.
2. What is the prerequisite to the process of community mapping and analysis?
A. It is necessary to understand the power actors.
B. Understanding the different dimensions of a community.
C. To undertake community interventions is a challenging task.
D. An understanding of the community members’ attitude and behavior.
3. Community power structure is about the distribution at the local community level, why it is
necessary to understand the power actors or power in a community?
A. Because of dealing with physical environment.
B. Because of the ways they expect each other to act and interact.
C. Because of the existing beliefs and concepts of how the universe works.
D. Because of the capacity to influence the decision-making and distribution processes.
4. If the residents interact with people outside the village, they may marry persons from other
places and move or bring a spouse in to live with them. What nature of community describes the
situation?
A. A community may move.
B. A community has fuzzy boundaries.
C. A community is a sociological construct.
D. A community can exist within a larger community.
5. If the community residents may be nomadic herders walking long distances with their cattle or
they may be mobile fishing groups who move from time to time to where the fish are available.
What nature of community describes the situation?
D. A community can exist within a larger community.
6. The idea of power includes determining the structures that have impact on local communities
and also the linkages that form collaborative works. What are the bases of local community
power?
A. Social Justice, Human Diversity, Values, and Ethics
B. Technological, Economic, Political, Institutional, Aesthetic-Values, Beliefs-
Conceptual
C. Coercion, Rewards, Information, Power in Number, Legitimate Power,
Personal Traits/Expertise
D. Religion, Ethnicity, Gender, Access to Resources, Class, Educational Level, Income
Level and a lot more.
7. It is important to recognize the characteristics and features of a community to understand why

it acts and reacts in a certain way. The following are the nature of community, EXCEPT?
D. A community has defined territories and are given life by interacting people
processes.
8. How are you going to determine the dynamics of a community?
A. By assessing or analyzing observable data.
B. By its tools, skills, and ways of dealing with the physical environment.
C. By its nature and structure and how it reacts with external or internal forces.
D. By actions based on shared expectations, values, beliefs, and meanings between
individuals.
9. Why is it that community organizers and development workers’ pay close attention to power
actors and the key people in the community power structure?
A. Because of the ability to keep or share information.
B. Because of their significant roles in social change.
C. Because of the ability to provide awards, promotion, money and gifts.
D. Because of the leadership title or higher organizational or institutional position.
10. Community dimensions are actually different parts of a community.
Understanding the different dimensions of a community is a _________________?
A. A prerequisite to the process of community mapping and analysis.
B. A different set of forces from those faced by the community where the individual lives.
C. Shared community standards are important in community and personal identity.
D. A community development action plan includes strategies and actions meant to
enhance the quality of life in a community.
REMINDERS:
there is any.
-------------------------------END OF WEEK 5&6-------------------------------
LESSON IV: TYPOLOGIES OF COMMUNITY

OBJECTIVE(S):

a. differentiate the typologies of the community; and
b. understand how the communities are categorized/classified.
Pre-Assessment:
Matching Type: Write the answer that corresponds to the term in column A with its appropriate
meaning in column B to your answer sheet.
A B
A. It is the community’s various ways and means of production and
1. Connections allocation of scarce and useful goods and services through barter,
market trade, state allocations, and others.
2. Economic B. Influence through manipulation and coercion.
C. The capacity to create linkages and develop helpful relationships
3. Information
with powerful individuals, family, and organizations.
4. Institutional D. The ability to keep or share information.
E. The various ways and means of allocating power, influence, and
5. Coercion
decision-making.
F. These are the ways people act, react, and interact with each other,
6. Technological
as well as the ways they expect each other to act and interact.
G. The ability to provide awards, promotion, money, and gifts that are
7. Political
useful to meet individual or organizational goals.
H. This dimension is not comprised of the physical tools themselves
8. Rewards but of the learned ideas and behavior that allow humans to invent, use,
and teach others about these tools.
Lesson Proper:
 The Different Types of Communities

1. Geographic Community or Neighborhood - This type of community focuses on the
physical boundaries that make it distinct or separate, such as river or a street. It has a
diverse population with individuals or groups occupying different physical spaces and each
with special attributes such as religion, economic status, etc.
2. Community of Identity - This community has common identifiable characteristics or
attributes like culture, language, music, religion, customs, and others.
3. Community of Interest or Solidarity - This community incorporates social movements such
as women’s rights, environment, peace, and human rights. Individuals may be connected to
their community of interest at the local and international levels. It may also be formal or
informal or both.
4. Intentional Community - This community refers to individuals that come together

voluntarily and support each other. Members may share the same interests and identity or
geographical location.
 The Classifications of Communities

1. Rural – Urban - This classification is basically geographical in nature. Rural areas are
separate and away from the influence of large cities and towns. It is known as the
countryside, farmland, or agricultural land. Urban areas, on the other hand, are called cities
or towns.
Sociologists identify a rural community with the following criteria:
1. It is relatively small in size.
2. It is nonmetropolitan; meaning it lies outside the compass of a metropolitan area.
3. It is patently rural in character; that is, it “exists in the midst of an agricultural area, an
area which is characterized as a “primary economy,’ or one which is marked by other
obvious nonurban cultural, social, and ecological characteristics.”
2. Local – Global - The local-global community refers to “spatialized networks of social
relations.” Global and local are “not spatial structures but different representations of space
competing against each other in a process to determine the society of that society.
3. Physical Space – Virtual Social Space - A social space is either physical or virtual like an
online social media or a center or gathering place where people interact.
Evaluation:
TEST I:
Instructions:
1. Get a sheet of paper.
2. Divide the paper into eight pieces or parts.
3. One each piece or part, write a type of community. There are six types of
communities’ namely rural, urban, global, local, physical social space and virtual social
space.
4. Discuss the characteristics of that particular type of community.
5. Differentiate the types of communities.
6. Write your answer on your notebook or your answer sheet.
7. Your essay will be evaluated based on the following:
TEST II:
Directions:
Imagine a community where all the types of communities exist. Give a name which will
capture the features of that community. Draw or illustrate what you imagined. Explain the
meaning of the drawing briefly and concisely.
TEST III:
Directions: Give an example of the following types of communities and explain your answers
on the graphic organizer for your answer.
Types of communities Example Explanation
Geographic Community or
Neighborhood
Community of Interest or
Solidarity
Intentional Community
TEST IV:
I. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer among the given choices.
1. Which of the following types of community that has a diverse population with individuals or
groups occupying different physical spaces and each special attributes such as religion,
economic status, etc.?
A. Community of Identity
B. Intentional Community
C. Community of Interest or Solidarity
D. Geographic Community or Neighborhood
2. Which of the following types of community that individual may be connected to their
community of interest at the local and international levels?
3. Which of the following types of community refers to individuals that come together voluntarily
and support each other?
4. What community that has common identifiable characteristics or attributes like culture,
language, music, religion, customs, and others?
5. What does geographical community make distinct or separate?

A. Physical boundaries
B. Incorporates social movements
C. Voluntarily and support each other
D. May also be formal or informal or both
6. Sociologists identify a rural community with the following criteria, EXCEPT?
A. It is nonmetropolitan.
B. It is relatively small in size.
C. It is patently rural in character.
D. It is a community lies a medium-sized or large size city.
7. With the development of online communication, the concept of community went beyond
geographical limitations. Now we have virtual community, what do you mean by virtual
community?
A. They have less social mobility and social differentiation.
B. A community away from the city with a lot of open space and natural areas.
C. Communication as a code of to produce information about people and culture.
D. A congregation of people communicating and interacting with each other through
information technology.
8. How do people treat each other in the rural areas?
A. There is a feeling of distrust.
B. There is more social night life.
C. People are a bit indifferent with each other.
D. They have a sense of unity and belongingness.
9. How many people live in the urban areas?
A. Low density of human population.
B. High density of human population.
C. Low density of inhuman population.
D. High density of inhuman population.
10. Rural areas are separate and away from the influence of large cities and towns, it is also
known as?
A. Business establishments and factories.
B. Countryside, farmland, or agricultural land.
C. Infrastructure for transportation/roads, and subdivisions.
D. Land is for the buildings of government, and educational institutions.
REMINDERS:
there is any.
----------------------------------END OF WEEK 7&8------------------------------
LESSON V: THE VALUE OF UNDERTAKING

COMMUNITY ACTION MODALITIES
OBJECTIVE(S):

a. assess selected community action initiatives; and
b. recognize the value of undertaking action modalities.
Pre-Assessment:
Directions: In an essay form, write the difference of the following:

1. Rural – Urban
2. Local – Global
3. Physical Space – Virtual Social Space
Lesson Proper:
 Community action is a manifestation of a collective grasp and ownership of a situation

that generally has an effect on them. Such situation touches their sense and sensibilities
as individuals and as a group.
 The important ingredients of community action:
1. Common context – People live in a similar setting and/or locality

2. Common experience – People encounter a comparable experience individually or
collectively.
3. Common understanding of an issue – People have more or less a similar view of the
issue at hand.
4. Common analysis – People went through a process of analyzing the issue and may
have a similar take on the issue, partly or in a whole.
5. An acceptable standard – People usually establish a minimum standard in
undertaking an action together.
6. An action that is acceptable to the community – People discuss and agree on what
action to take, who will take the lead, who will do the supporting roles, and who will do
other tasks.
 Four general phases of community organization process:
1. Issue identification, analysis, and dissemination - the key step toward the
development of community action. Relevant community information is collected,
consolidated, analyzed, defined, processed, and disseminated. In this phase, “real
needs” are determined and differentiated from “felt needs.”
2. Mobilization of Community - gathering people to meet regularly, discuss community

problems, plan as a community, formulate implementing mechanisms, identify
community leaders and organizational structure, and develop systems. In this phase,
work is systematized, and the people are organized.
3. Organization - where “what is lacking” and “what is available” are determined;
strengths and weaknesses are identified; options are laid down; and plans are
implemented in a systematic and organized manner.
4. On Education - the skills development or human resource enhancement phase.
Members are provided with necessary skills, knowledge, and orientation. This is a
prerequisite for the commencement of duties and responsibilities as members and
officers of the community organization. The success of community action may depend
on how efficient and effective the members and officers are.
 To facilitate a process of appreciating community dynamics, community change

agents must be aware of the following:
1. Know the community issue – its history and roots, how it developed, what facilitated
its growth, where it is now.
2. Analyze the issue from different perspectives. Identify the issue and look at it through
different lenses. Map out and analyze the different perspectives.
3. Identify and get to know the relevant community structures and systems.
What structures and systems may facilitate or hinder the success of an action?
4. Identify and get to know the players. Who are involved in the issue? Who are the
interest groups?
5. Identify community power actors. Who are involved in the issue? Who are their
interests in the issue?
6. Trace connections. Map out linkages of the stakeholders. This will provide a picture of
the strengths and weaknesses of the people who are involved and what resources they
have.
 Four contributory factors of the community:

1. Membership, a feeling of belonging or of sharing a sense of personal relatedness.
This concept includes the following attributes: boundaries, emotional safety, a sense of
belonging and identification, personal community, and a common symbol system.
2. Influence, a sense of mattering. Its basis is that is to work both ways, with members
feeling that they are influencing the community and the community having influence over
its members.
3. Integration and fulfillment of needs, means that by becoming a member of a
community, that member gets what he/she hoped to get by joining.
4. Shared emotional connection, all communities, being made up of persons, have their
unique story.
Evaluation:
TEST I:
Instructions:
1. Remember an experience in the past when you were involved in any collective action
initiatives or response to a particular situation like a donation for storm victims; a feeding
program for the urban poor children in your community; tree planting; relief operations;
street clean up like the purok and barangay monthly clean-up drive.
2. Focus and ask yourself:
* What was the situation then?
* What actions did you undertake?
* Why did you do those actions?
* What did you learn and recognize?
* What will you recommend for future action?
TEST II:
Instructions:
Write one sentence summary about the following using the WH question:
A. The important ingredients of community action.
B. Four general phases of community organization process.
C. Four contributory factors of community.
TEST III:
Instructions: Name ways on how you respond to particular situation or event in your
community that was related to community action, organization process, and their contributory
factors. Complete the graphic organizer for your answers.
EVENT 1 EVENT 2
____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
COMMUNITY
____________________
____________________
EVENT 3 EVENT 4
____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
TEST IV:
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer among the given choices. Write
the chosen letter on your notebook as your answer sheet.
1. In the phases of community organization process, in terms of education, what is necessary or

a prerequisite for commence of duties and responsibilities as members and officers of the
community organization?
A. Members discuss and agree on what action to take.
B. Members with necessary skills, knowledge, and orientation.
C. Members encounter a comparable experience individually or collectively.
D. Members establish a minimum standard in undertaking an action together.
2. If people went through the process of analyzing the issue and may have a similar take on the
issue, partly or in a whole, what important ingredient of community best describes this situation?
A. Common analysis
B. Common experience
C. An acceptable standard
D. An action that is acceptable to the community
3. If people usually establish a minimum standard in undertaking an action together, what

important ingredient of community best describes this situation?
A. Common analysis
C. An acceptable standard
4. If people have more or less a similar view of the issue at hand, what important ingredient of
community best describes this situation?
A. Common analysis
C. Common understanding of an issue
5. The following are the description of an action that is acceptable to the community,
EXCEPT?
A. People discuss and agreed on what action to take.
B. People discuss and agreed on who will take the lead.
C. People discuss and agreed on who will do the supporting roles.
D. People discuss and agreed on a similar setting and/or locality.
TEST V:
Agree - Disagree. Under the first column are statements/concepts about the topic. Put a check
mark in the cell beside a statement or under the column agree if you AGREE with and a cross
mark under the column disagree if you DISAGREE. Use your answer sheet.
Statements/Concepts about the topic AGREE DISAGREE

1. The ingredients identified in the topic are what we call the “MUST
Don’ts” in planning a community action.
2. Apart from understanding community dynamics, it is also important
to have a grasp of people’s apprehensions and fears.
3. In trace connections, this provides a picture of strengths only of
the people who are involved and what resources they have.
4. Common context, as it is the base in building a different lens.
5. The success of community action may depend on how efficient
and effective the members and officers are.
REMINDERS:
there is any.
----------------------------------END OF WEEK 9 to 10------------------------------
LESSON VI: FORMS OF COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT/ACTION

THAT CONTRIBUTE TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
THROUGH SOLIDARITY
OBJECTIVE(S):

a. acknowledge interrelationship of self and community undertaking community action; and
b. explain forms of community engagement/action that contribute to community development
through solidarity.
Pre-Assessment:
Directions: Remember the statements and topics on Test V that you are agree/disagree with
and explain why or why not.
Lesson Proper:
 The Forms of Community Action:

1. Community Engagement
The term engagement denotes interaction, sharing, and relationships at different levels.
The ASEAN University Network (AUN) follows the definition given by the Indianan
University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) Center for Service Learning.
Community engagement has a four-part definition:

• active collaboration
• builds on the resources, skills, and expertise and knowledge of the campus and
community
• improves the quality of life in the communities
• in a manner that is consistent with the campus mission
Based on this definition, the goals of community engagement are:

• To build trust,
• To enlist new resources and allies,
• To create better communication, and
• To improve overall health outcomes as successful projects, evolve into lasting
collaborations.
It is needed to guide the development of the project agenda by:

• Expanding or redefining the focus of the initiative,
• Identifying unexposed information, and
• Creating a network of revenue sources and funding partners.
2. Citizenship
The term citizenship denotes membership of a citizen in a political society. The
membership implies a duty of allegiance on the part of the member and a duty of
protection on the part of the state. A citizen, on the other hand, refers to a member of a
democratic community who enjoys full civil and political rights and is accorded protection
inside and outside the territory of the state.
3. Solidarity
Solidarity as a concept is still ambiguous, although in this discussion, the
normative perspective shall be applied and used as a positively valued model of
relations between social entities. Generally, solidarity is about regarding our fellow
human beings justly and respecting who they are as persons.
Evaluation:
TEST I:
Photo Essay: Use your answer sheet.
A. Relating to our discussion on the forms of undertaking community
engagement/action, write a reflection about this picture.
B. Say something about this phrase “We Heal as One”, What form of
community engagement/ action is this? Explain.
TEST II:
Directions:
Make a graphic organizer about the forms of community engagement or actions, give an
example and explain your answer.
REMINDERS:
there is any.
----------------------------------END OF WEEK 11 to 12------------------------------
LESSON VII: THE IMPORTANCE OF SOLIDARITY

IN PROMOTING NATIONAL
AND GLOBAL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
OBJECTIVE(S):

a. define and discuss briefly the various perspectives; and
b. compare and contrast the definitions of community using various perspectives.
Pre-Assessment:
Directions:
True or False: Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE.
1. A solidarity is a member of a democratic community who enjoys full civil and

political rights.
2. Citizenship is about regarding our fellow human beings justly and respecting
who they are as persons.
3. A citizen has both rights and responsibilities.
4. Community engagement builds on the resources, skills, and expertise and
knowledge of the campus and community.
5. In a democratic political community, the rightful and acceptable basis of all
power is the citizenry, the collective body of people.
Lesson Proper:
 Definitions of Solidarity
The word solidarity can be understood or defined in different ways:

• It is unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a
common interest; mutual support within a group. It is synonymous with unanimity, like-
mindedness, accord, harmony, consensus, concurrence, cooperation, cohesion,
fraternity, mutual support, formal accord.
• A feeling of unity between people who have the same interests, goals, etc.
• Unity (as of a group or class) that produces or is based on a community of interests,
objectives, and standards.
• A bond of unity between individuals, unified around a common goal or against a
common enemy, such as the unifying principle that defines the labor movement.
 What are the principles found in the Catholic Social Teaching?
1. Dignity of the human person: every human person is endowed of infinite dignity. All efforts
coming from the different sectors of society must be directed towards the well-being of a
human person.
2. Association: a human person, as a member of society, is meant to be in a community and
have a right to freely associate with one another to achieve the common good.
3. Participation: all persons have right and duty to take action on matters that would affect
their well-being and future.
4. Subsidiary: based on the belief that people can develop and flourish, no higher-level body
should take over what a lower-level body can do for itself.
5. Common good: the call for all of us is to seek what is good for the broader community,
that is, the good of all over my interest.
6. The universal destination of goods: God created the world so that its resources are
enjoyed by everyone, not just by a few “smart” individuals. Under this principle is the
teaching on the preferential option for the poor and to care for those who are most
vulnerable among us.
7. Solidarity: as members of the human race, we are all deeply connected one another. We
are called to stand together as one human family. Truly, “We Are the World” (a song and
charity single originally recorded by the supergroup the USA for Africa in 1985).
8. The dignity of human work: we hold that work is dignified, and an intrinsic right, and
workers must always be respected and valued.
9. The dignity of creation: respect for human life means respecting the whole of God’s
creation. The world is a holy ground (Exodus 3:5), this is the place where a man can relate
with God. As His stewards, He calls us to bring the world towards salvation.
10. Promotion of peace: we have the duty to work for genuine and lasting peace. Christians
and Churches are entrusted with the ministry of peace and reconciliation. This ministry calls
for ecumenical engagement by the Churches in light of interpersonal, economic,
environmental, military and other forms of violence in society, in families and even in the
Church.
 Solidarity in practice
Among the more important aspects of solidarity at the international level are assistance,
development aid and cooperation. For global community aid represents a mechanism for
expressing human solidarity and for extending opportunity. Whether motivated by human
rights, religious values or wider ethical systems, aid’s role in eliminating mass poverty,
hunger and avoidable child deaths is a moral imperative.
Evaluation:
TEST I:
Directions: Make two tables, in Column A, list the importance of solidarity in
promoting national and global community development. In Column B, try to identify the most
critical influence of a certain community development and give an example. Use the table below
to construct your list.
TEST II:
Directions: Relating with our discussion on solidarity, share or write your idea/s with the Filipino
values of pakikisama, pakiki-isa, pakikipag-kapwa, bayanihan/camaraderie, and pakikiramay in
this time of COVID19 pandemic.
A. National
B. Global
REMINDERS:
there is any.
----------------------------------END OF WEEK 13------------------------------

Community Engagement Module

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Community Engagement Module

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ST. JOHN COLLEGE OF BUUG FOUNDATION, INC.

National Highway, Poblacion Buug, Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines 7009

Course & Year:

Student's Contact Number:

Instructor's Contact Number:

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

Notes for the Instructor:

For the students:

This module has the following parts:

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

Week 13 Lesson VII: The Importance of Solidarity

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

Grades will be allocated based on the percentage earned:

4. Possess extensive knowledge on Word Processing and Spreadsheets as a means to

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

Online/Remote Learning Policies:

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

LESSON I: THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

The Elephant and the Blind Men

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

3. Accessibility (Churches, schools, markets, recreation center, city/municipal hall, hospitals):

*NOTE: This RUBRICS may apply all activities in this module.

------------------------------END OF WEEK 1&2-----------------------------------

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

LESSON II: Various Perspectives: Social Sciences,

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

 It is important to be acquainted with the different perspectives on the community in order

1. The Social Science Perspective

2. The Community-Based Perspective (Local and Grassroots Level)

3. The Ecological Perspectives

4. The Sectoral Perspective

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

To survive, communities must have well-integrated sectors that distribute, divide,

5. The Civil Society Perspective

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

1. DEFINE briefly the various perspectives.

2. DISCUSS the meaning of each perspective.

3. DIFFERENTIATE the meaning of community from one perspective

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

1. Defined as a wide array of nongovernmental organizations and volunteer groups that

------------------------------END OF WEEK 3&4-----------------------------------

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

LESSON III: Functions of Communities

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

1. Defined as a wide array of nongovernmental organizations and volunteer groups that

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

 The Elements of a Community:

Nature and Power Structure

The Nature of a Community

The Structure of a Community

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values

The Dimensions of a Community

A community is a complex system with different dimensions. These dimensions may be

SJC Core Values:  Integrity Dedicated Service Competence Christian Values