Dynamic BTS Power Control

Dynamic BTS Power Control
Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Performance Gain
BTS power control will reduce the number of mobiles

experiencing a very low C/I ratio
In addition BTS power control:
• Saves battery in the BTS (if the power supply to the BTS
has been cut off and the BTS is operating on battery power)
• Reduces the risk of MS receiver saturation

(and thus the risk of having bad speech quality)

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
C/I Distributions
MS distribution
FHOP+BTSPC
FHOP+BTSPC+DTX
FHOP
Nothing
C/I
Acceptable C/I
Acceptable C/I
FHOP
no FHOP

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control

Maximum Output power of the BTS
allowed
power level
Minimum
allowed
power level
Regulation area Path loss
Received signal strength in the MS
3 2
SSDESDL
1

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
Received Signal Strength in the MS
when Quality is Taken Into Account
Received signal strength in the MS
Up- or down regulation

depending on the quality
SSDESDL

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Calculation of

Power Order
Measurement Calculation of
Filtering unconstraint
preparation
power order
Every SACCH period

Apply
constraints
Send power order

(REGINTDL)

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Procedure
• Measurement preparation
• estimation of missing measurements

• decide whether full or sub set shall be used (DTX)
• frequency hopping compensation
(if the BCCH-carrier is in the hopping set)
• Filtering of measurements
• eliminates variations of temporary nature to ensure that
the decision base for the next power order is stable
• Calculation of power order

• calculate power order to achieve desired signal
strength and quality
• apply power order constraints

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Measurement

Procedure
Measurement report is sent

each SACCH period
(every 0.480 sec.) gth
e n
str
al
sign lity
k
lin qua
o wn link
D wn
Do
• Full set 100 samples

• Sub set 12 samples

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
Procedure
DL quality
DL signal strength
BTS power level used
DL DTX indicator
BSC
BTS power order

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B

Preparation
There are two possibilities in GSM to perform the MS signal
strength and quality measurements when the BCCH is
included in the frequency hopping set:
1) The MS shall include the BCCH-carrier in the measurements
2) The MS shall exclude the BCCH in the measurements
Which method to use is determined by the property PWRC.

PWRC=0 means include BCCH-carrier, PWRC=1 exclude.
In R7 the BCCH-carrier is included in the measurements.

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Filters
Signal Strength filtering

– Signal strength filter with length SSLENDL
1
66/(1'/ ∑
66 %67;3:5 = (667&+ + 2 ⋅ 3/XVHG )
Quality filtering
– Quallity (measured in rxqual) filter with length QLENDL
1
4/(1'/ ∑
4 _ $9( = 5;48$/

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Filters
• Power regulation starts as soon as 66/(1'/ is filled

• 5(*,17'/, controls the shortest time interval (set in
SACCH periods) between two power orders

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Calculation of
Power Order
The unconstrained power order:
pu= Fpl(path loss) +Fq( quality)
Fpl(path loss) = BSTXPWR - α(SSBSTXPWR - SSDESDL)
BSTXPWR is the output power at the locating reference point

and SSDESDL is the desired signal strength to be received in the BTS
SSBSTXPWR is the filtered signal strength compensated for down regulation, i.e.
it is the signal strength that would have been received by the MS if no
power control was used
α = LCOMPDL/100 and determines the degree of path loss compensation

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Reference Point
reference preferred alternative reference

point for reference reference point point for
point for (EIRP) for
BSPWRB
BSPWRT BSPWR BSPWR
BSTXPWR BSTXPWR SSDESDL
BSPWRMIN BSPWRMIN
PA Combiner TX feeder TX antenna gain Path loss MSRX

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control
Fq( quality) = - β(Q_AVE_dB - QDESDL_dB)
The transformation from rxqual to C/I is given by

the following expressions:
Q_AVE_dB = 32 - 10·Q_AVE/25 (2)
QDESDL_dB= 32 - 10·QDESDL/25
(3)
β = QCOMPDL/100 and determines the degree of

quality compensation

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control
Mapping of rxqual to C/I
C/I Quality (rxqual) QDESDL

32 0 0
28 1 10
24 2 20
20 3 30
16 4 40
12 5 50
8 6 60
4 7 70

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Power Order
Constraints
• If the unconstrained power order is higher than BSTXPWR,

the power order is set equal to BSTXPWR.
• The lowest allowed power order is given by

the maximum of
a) maximum configurable BSTXPWR - 30, and
b) BSPWRMIN
c) minimum output power of the BTS

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control
The ordered power level is always increased by a

power margin, PMARG at:
• At assignment of a TCH.
• At assignment failure or handover
failure.
• At intra-cell handover and subcell
change.
Note! PMARG affects both up and down link power control

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
Handover Power Boost
If the signal strength decreases very quickly and the BTS looses contact with
the MS, the BSC/BTS immediately sends a HO command to the MS on
maximum power.
When HO boost is triggered normal regulation is inhibited until MS has

received the HO command and acknowledged it.

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control

• BTS power control is performed on a time slot basis
• Power control is not performed on the BCCH carrier
• The maximum power order change is 30 dB which also is the
maximum configurable dynamic power regulation range
• If the BCCH carrier is included in the frequency hopping set, this is
compensated for in the BSC when the power orders are calculated.
30 dB
76 76 76 76
TRX1 30 dB
TRX1 76 76
TRX1 76 76
One TDMA frame

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Multislot
Configuration
If the TCH channel is a part of a channel combination, it can be either a main, bi-directional or a uni-
directional channel.
• If the channel is a main channel in a multislot configuration, the difference between the computed
power order and the previous power order must exceed a hysteresis before a new power order is
sent.
• BTS power regulation on bi-directional channels is done independently of the other channels.
• For uni-directional channels BTS power control is activated without starting normal power regulation.
No measurement reports will be received for uni-directional channels. Instead the BTS power value
of the main channel is distributed to the uni-directionals in the multislot configuration.

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
Interactions With Other Features
The strategy should be to achieve power regulation before

intra-cell handover or bad quality urgency handover occur.
This can be achieved by a well balanced combination of:
• the down link target quality, QDESDL,

• the thresholds triggering bad quality urgency handovers,
QLIMDL
• the intracell handover area defined by QOFFSETDL
• the length of the locating quality filter QLENSD
• the power control quality filter, QLENDL

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
Current Parameter Recommendations
• quality filter length QLENDL, 5 SACCH periods

• target quality, QDESDL, 0 dtqu
• use quality compensation factor QCOMPDL 60 as a start
• use SSDESDL = -105 to -100 by measuring signal
strength at cell border, start with a safe setting and lower
while monitoring system performance (STS-counters)
• signal strength filter, SSLENDL, 4 SACCH periods
• use partly path loss compensation, LCOMPDL, 20
• use regulation interval, REGINTDL= 1 SACCH period.

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Parameters
Parameter Default Recommended Value

name value value range Unit
SDCCHREG OFF ON ON, OFF SACCH periods
SSDESDL –70 –105 –110 to –47 dBm
SSLENDL 5 4 3 to 15
LCOMPDL 70 20 0 to 100
QDESDL 20 0 0 to 70 dtqu
QLENDL 8 5 0 to 20
QCOMPDL 30 60 0 to 60
REGINTDL 5 1 1 to 30
PMARG 4 6 0 to 20 dB
BSPWRMIN –20 BSTXPWR –12 –20 to +50 dBm
BSTXPWR 0 to 80 dBm

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control
Neighbor cell stronger than serving cell due to BTS PC

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
BTS Power Control, Mobile Traffic

Recording Graph
SSDESDL=80, LCOMPDL=100, SSLENDL=4,
QDESDL=35, QCOMPDL=30, QLENDL=8, REGINTDL=4
Power used and signal strength -20[RXLEV]
Max power=30 “dB”, Conv.sign. str. 0 <==> -90 dBm
40 7 RXLEV and
RXQUAL are
35 averaged over
6
5 samples!
30
5
Quality [RXQUAL]
25
4
PWR_DL -converted
20
RXLEV_F_DL - ave_of_
3
RX_Q_F_LD - ave_of_
15
SSDESDL=-80 dBm 2
10 (<==>10 in this graph)
1
5
0 0
-5 -1
SACCH periods (samples)

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
Algorithm Enhancements
• Enhancements to make the down regulation smooth

in order to secure the quality of the connection:
1) Exponential filters for path loss and quality. Differentiate up
and down regulation speed.
2) Missing measurements are translated as rxqual = 7
3) Downstep limitation, 2 dB per SACCH
4) Extended value range for 4&203'/ from [0..60] to [0..100]
5) No down regulation below 66'(6'/

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B
Non Linear Exponential Filter
) LOWHU2XWSXW
1.2
1
Input
0.8 Output
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
VDPSOH

2882-EN/LZT 123 4038 Rev B

Dynamic BTS Power Control

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Dynamic BTS Power Control

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Dynamic BTS Power Control

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control, Performance Gain

BTS power control will reduce the number of mobiles

In addition BTS power control:

• Reduces the risk of MS receiver saturation

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control

Regulation area Path loss

Received signal strength in the MS

Regulation area Path loss

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

Received signal strength in the MS

Up- or down regulation

Regulation area Path loss

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control, Calculation of

Every SACCH period

Send power order

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

• estimation of missing measurements

• Calculation of power order

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control, Measurement

Measurement report is sent

• Full set 100 samples

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control, Measurement

1) The MS shall include the BCCH-carrier in the measurements

2) The MS shall exclude the BCCH in the measurements

Which method to use is determined by the property PWRC.

In R7 the BCCH-carrier is included in the measurements.

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

Signal Strength filtering

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control, Filters

• Power regulation starts as soon as 66/(1'/ is filled

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

pu= Fpl(path loss) +Fq( quality)

Fpl(path loss) = BSTXPWR - α(SSBSTXPWR - SSDESDL)

BSTXPWR is the output power at the locating reference point

α = LCOMPDL/100 and determines the degree of path loss compensation

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control, Reference Point

reference preferred alternative reference

PA Combiner TX feeder TX antenna gain Path loss MSRX

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

Fq( quality) = - β(Q_AVE_dB - QDESDL_dB)

The transformation from rxqual to C/I is given by

Q_AVE_dB = 32 - 10·Q_AVE/25 (2)

β = QCOMPDL/100 and determines the degree of

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control

Mapping of rxqual to C/I

C/I Quality (rxqual) QDESDL

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

• If the unconstrained power order is higher than BSTXPWR,

• The lowest allowed power order is given by

Copyright © 1998 by Ericsson Radio Systems AB

BTS Power Control

The ordered power level is always increased by a

Note! PMARG affects both up and down link power control