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Automatic Spring Rolling Machine: Synopsis
Automatic Spring Rolling Machine: Synopsis
Automatic Spring Rolling Machine: Synopsis
SYNOPSIS
spur gear which is coupled with a motor and connecting the spur gear
INTRODUCTION
are many special purposes machines used in this industry to-day. The
proper selection of the machines depends upon the type of the work
spring, which can be seen in our every day lives. The metals generally
used for spring rolling work include iron, copper, tin, aluminium,
bending metal wire to a curved form. The article in the shape of round
gradual curve is to be put in the metal rather than sharp bends. The
The lock nut is used to fixing the spring wire to the rolling shaft.
The spring wire is supplied by a tare is called spring wire tare. This
tare is fixed to the stand by two end bearings. The tare is rotated
freely during the time of spring rolling operation. The single phase
The spur gear is rotated due to the rotation of motor. The spur gear is
WORKING PRINCIPLE
run. The motor pulley is coupled to the spur gear pulley with the help
the motor. Before switch on the induction motor, the spring wire is
locked to the lock nut in the spring rolling shaft. The spring wire is
supply by a spring wire tare. The tare is fixed to the frame stand by
two end bearings, so that it will run freely according to the speed of
induction motor switched ON. The spring wire is rolling in the rolling
shaft due to the rotation of the spring rolling shaft. The length of the
spring is rolled; the single phase induction motor is switched OFF. The
spring is cut by the cutter, the next above procedure continue once
ADVANTAGES
• High production
• Low Cost
• Less in weight
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APPLICATIONS
etc.
DISADVANTAGES
the spring
The Purpose
Coil springs are a spiral thick metal wire that is made of steel. Used in a
car’s suspension system to hold the weight, keep the ride height and control
There are many factors as to why coil springs are replaced. Some are by
choice and other because they need replacing. Below are some of the
Sagging
Coil springs support a car’s body; over time coil springs will weaken and sag
causing the ride height to lower. As the coil springs sag, on side of the car
may be lower than the other and case the car to tilt.
Tyre wear
While stabilising the car’s body, coil springs and shocks keep a car’s tyres
firmly on the ground, keeping the axles at the correct angles. Warn coil
springs and shocks can misalign tyres and/or track abnormally, causing early
tyre wear.
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Noise
When a car is driven over large bumps, pot holes and/or around tight
corners if a noise occurs, this often is a sign of worn coil springs and/or
shock absorbers.
Bounce
When driving if you car is bouncing or feels like you’re in a boat, you need to
Swaying
Coil springs and shocks work together to keep a car centered and stabilized
while going around tight corner. Worn coil springs and shock absorbers loose
Height
By replacing the coil springs you can choose the ride height. There is
* Standard height
* Lowered height
There are options of 20mm to 60mm lower than original height. When
lowering a car remembers the car will be closer to the road, tyres and
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suspension bump stops. Depending on how lowered you choose, you may
* Raised height
Options are 20mm to 50mm raised above original height of the car. Why
For many reasons for example towing, LPG tank, 4WDing, load carrying and
A
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SPRING is an elastic
object used to store mechanical energy. Springs are usually made out of
spring steel. Small springs can be wound from pre-hardened stock, while
larger ones are made from annealed steel and hardened after fabrication.
Some non-ferrous metals are also used including phosphor bronze and
titanium for parts requiring corrosion resistance and beryllium copper for
to its change in length. The rate or spring constant of a spring is the change
in the force it exerts, divided by the change in deflection of the spring. That
compression spring has units of force divided by distance, for example lbf/in
0.1 mm/N. The stiffness (or rate) of springs in parallel is additive, as is the
can be used to construct a spring, so long as the material has the required
spring.
them:
• Torsion spring – unlike the above types in which the load is an axial
and the end of the spring rotates through an angle as the load is
applied.
deflection cycle[5]
compression[6]
metal.
bar stock with a lathe and/or milling operation rather than coiling wire.
the elastic element. Machined springs can be made in the typical load
a cylinder) and the conical spring – these are types of torsion spring,
the rotation.
pressure-activated landmines).
flashlights
the material.
• Spring washer – used to apply a constant tensile force along the axis
of a fastener.
systems.
pressed.[8]
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Contents
[hide]
• 1 History
• 2 Types
• 3 Physics
• 4 Theory
• 5 Zero-length springs
• 6 Uses
• 7 References
• 8 Further reading
• 9 External links
[edit] History
Simple non-coiled springs were used throughout human history e.g., the
bow (and arrow). In the Bronze Age more sophisticated spring devices were
Coiled springs appeared early in the 15th century,[1] in door locks.[2] The first
springs' action, that the force it exerts is proportional to its extension, now
[edit] Types
A volute spring. Under compression the coils slide over each other, so
them:
• Torsion spring – unlike the above types in which the load is an axial
and the end of the spring rotates through an angle as the load is
applied.
deflection cycle[5]
compression[6]
metal.
bar stock with a lathe and/or milling operation rather than coiling wire.
the elastic element. Machined springs can be made in the typical load
a cylinder) and the conical spring – these are types of torsion spring,
the rotation.
pressure-activated landmines).
flashlights
the material.
• Spring washer – used to apply a constant tensile force along the axis
of a fastener.
systems.
pressed.[8]
[edit] Physics
As long as they are not stretched or compressed beyond their elastic limit,
most springs obey Hooke's law, which states that the force with which the
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equilibrium length:
where
Coil springs and other common springs typically obey Hooke's law. There are
useful springs that don't: springs based on beam bending can for example
Since force is equal to mass, m, times acceleration, a, the force equation for
The mass of the spring is assumed small in comparison to the mass of the
and are arbitrary constants that may be found by considering the initial
displacement and velocity of the mass. The graph of this function with
(zero initial position with some positive initial velocity) is displayed in the
[edit] Theory
Hooke's law of elasticity states that the extension of an elastic rod (its
tension, the force used to stretch it. Similarly, the contraction (negative
This law actually holds only approximately, and only when the deformation
materials have no clearly defined elastic limit, and Hooke's law can not be
energy of the rod is a minimum when it has its relaxed length. Any smooth
near enough to its minimum point as a result of the Taylor series. Therefore,
where
E – Young's modulus
– Poisson ratio
"Zero-length spring" is a term for a specially designed coil spring that would
exert zero force if it had zero length. That is, in a line graph of the spring's
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force versus its length, the line passes through the origin. Obviously a coil
spring cannot contract to zero length because at some point the coils will
touch each other and the spring will not be able to shorten any more. Zero
length springs are made by manufacturing a coil spring with built-in tension,
so if it could contract further, the equilibrium point of the spring, the point at
which its restoring force is zero, occurs at a length of zero. In practice, zero
length springs are made by combining a "negative length" spring, made with
with a piece of inelastic material of the proper length so the zero force point
way that the force on the mass is almost exactly balanced by the vertical
component of the force from the spring, whatever the position of the boom.
This creates a horizontal "pendulum" with very long oscillation period. Long-
closing doors are often made to have roughly zero length so that they will
exert force even when the door is almost closed, so it will close firmly.
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Hooke's Law
which exerts a resisting force when its shape is changed. Most springs are
where F is the resisting force, D is the displacement, and the k is the spring
constant.
For a non-linear spring, the resisting force is not linearly proportional to its
Springs are of several types, the most plentiful of which are shown as follows,
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Circular cross section springs are shown. If space is limited, such as with
space is extremely limited and the load is high, Belleville washer springs can
Sponsored Links
www.racingsprings.com
spring constant" is useful for vehicles which must operate with widely varying
History of Springs
Like most other fundamental mechanisms, metal springs have existed since
the Bronze Age. Even before metals, wood was used as a flexible structural
clockmakers' science and art. Firearms were another area that pushed
spring development.
The eighteenth century dawn of the industrial revolution raised the need for
that today springs are ubiquitous. Computer-controlled wire and sheet metal
Risk Factors
the intended force. Once buckling starts, the off-axis deformation typically
columns. When the free height of the spring (Lfree) is more than 4~5 times
the nominal coil diameter D, the spring can buckle under a sufficiently heavy
load.
The maximum allowable spring deflection Dmax that avoids buckling depends
on the free length, the coil diameter, and the spring ends (pivot ball, ground
Buckling Thresholds
One quick method for checking for buckling is to compute the deflection to
free height ratio (D/Lfree) and use the following chart to check if the ratio