Problem 8.

141 [Difficulty: 3]

Given: Kiddy pool on a porch.

Find: Time to fill pool with a hose.

Solution:

⎛ p1 V1 2 ⎞ ⎛ p2 V 22 ⎞
Basic equations: ⎜ ⎟ ⎜
⎜ ρ + α 1 2 + gz1 ⎟ − ⎜ ρ + α 2 2 + gz 2 ⎟⎟ = hlT
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
LV 2
V 2
1 ⎛e/ D 2.51 ⎞
hlT = hl + hlm = f +K = −2.0 log⎜ + ⎟ Q = VA
D 2 2 ⎜ ⎟
f ⎝ 3.7 Re f ⎠

V1 2 V2
Assumptions: 1) Steady flow 2) Incompressible 3) Neglect minor losses 4) α1 = α2 2
2 2

lbf lbf
Given data p1 = 60 gage z1 = 0 ft D = 0.625 in p2 = 0 gage
in 2 in 2
e
z 2 = 20.5 ft =0 L = 50 ft
D

p1 LV2
The energy equation becomes: − gz 2 = f
ρ D 2

⎛p ⎞
2 ⋅ D ⋅ ⎜⎜ 1 − g ⋅ z 2 ⎟⎟
Solving for V: V = ⎝ρ ⎠ V =
k
(1)
f ⋅L f

⎛p ⎞
2 ⋅ D ⋅ ⎜⎜ 1 − g ⋅ z 2 ⎟⎟
⎝ρ ⎠ = 2 × 0.625 in × ft × ⎛⎜ 60 lbf × 144 in × ft slug ⋅ ft ⎞
2 3
ft 1
k= ⎜ × − 32.2 2 × 20.5 ft ⎟⎟ ×
L 12 in ⎝ in 2
ft 2
1.94 slug lbf ⋅ s 2
s ⎠ 50 ft

ft
k = 2.81
s
 ρ ⋅V ⋅ D ρ⋅D
We also have Re = or Re = c ⋅ V (2) where c=
µ µ
Assuming water at 68oF (ρ = 1.94 slug/ft3, µ = 2.1 x 10-5 lbf·s/ft2):

slug ft ft 2 lbf ⋅ s 2 s
c = 1.94 × 0 .625 in × × × = 4811.5
ft 3
12 in 2.1 × 10 lbf ⋅ s slug ⋅ ft
-5
ft

1 ⎛ 2.51 ⎞
In addition: = −2.0 log⎜ ⎟ (3)
⎜ Re f ⎟
f ⎝ ⎠

Equations 1, 2 and 3 form a set of simultaneous equations for V , Re and f

k ft
Make a guess for f f = 0.015 then V = = 22.94 Re = c ⋅ V = 1.1 × 10 5
f s

1 ⎛ 2.51 ⎞ k ft
Given = −2.0 log⎜ ⎟ f = 0.0177 V = = 21.12 Re = c ⋅ V = 1.02 × 10 5
⎜ Re f ⎟ s
f ⎝ ⎠ f
1 ⎛ 2.51 ⎞ k ft
Given = −2.0 log⎜ ⎟ f = 0.0179 V = = 21.0 Re = c ⋅ V = 1.01 × 10 5
⎜ Re f ⎟ s
f ⎝ ⎠ f

The flowrate is then:

π ft 2 ft 3
× (0.625) in 2 ×
ft
Q = × =
2
21.0 0.0447
4 144 in 2 s s

π
Volume pool = 2.5 ft × × (5) ft 2 = 49.1 ft 3
2

Volume pool 49.1 ft 3

time = = = 1097 s = 18.3 min.
Q ft 3
0.0447
s
This problem can also be solved explicitly in the following manner:

p1 LV2
The energy equation becomes: − gz 2 = f
ρ D 2

⎛p ⎞
2 D⎜⎜ 1 − gz 2 ⎟⎟
or: f =
1 ⎝ρ ⎠
V L

Plugging this into the Colebrook equation:

⎛ ⎛ ⎞⎞
⎜ ⎜ ⎟⎟
1 L ⎜ 2.51µ ⎜ L ⎟⎟
=V = −2.0 log⎜ ⎜V ⎟⎟
f ⎛p ⎞
2 D⎜⎜ 1 − gz 2 ⎟⎟ ⎜ ρV D ⎜ ⎛
2 D⎜⎜
p1 ⎞
− gz 2 ⎟⎟ ⎟ ⎟
⎝ρ ⎠ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ρ ⎠ ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠
⎝ ⎝
Noting that the V s on the right hand side cancel provides:
⎛ ⎞⎛ ⎞
⎜ ⎟⎜ 2 D⎛⎜ p1 − gz 2 ⎞⎟ ⎟
⎟⎜ ⎜ ⎟
V = −2.0 log⎜
⎜ 2.51µ L ⎝ρ ⎠⎟
⎟⎜ ⎟
⎜ ρ D ⎛ p ⎞ ⎜ L ⎟
2 D⎜⎜ − gz 2 ⎟⎟ ⎟
1
⎜ ⎝ρ ⎟⎜
⎠ ⎠⎝ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
Assuming water at 68oF (ρ = 1.94 slug/ft3, µ = 2 x 10-5 lbf·s/ft2) and g = 32.2 ft/s2 gives the remaining information needed to perform
the calculation finding:

⎛ lbf ⋅ s ft 3 slug ⋅ ft 1 12 in ⎞
⎜ 2.51 × 2.1 × 10 −5 × × × × ⎟
⎜ ft 2
1.94 slug lbf ⋅ s 2
0.625 in ft ⎟
⎜ ⎟
V = −2.0 log⎜ 50 ft 12 in 1 ⎟
× × ×
⎜ 2 × 0.625 in ft ⎛ lbf 144 in 2 ft 3
slug ⋅ ft ft ⎞ ⎟
⎜⎜ ⎜⎜ 60 2 × × × − 32.2 2 × 20.5 ft ⎟⎟ ⎟
1.94 slug lbf ⋅ s ⎠ ⎟⎠
2 2
⎝ ⎝ in ft s
⎛ 2 × 0.625 in ⎛ lbf 144 in 2 ft 3 slug ⋅ ft ⎞ ⎞⎟
×⎜
ft ft
× × ⎜⎜ 60 2 × × × − 32 .2 × 20 .5 ft ⎟⎟
⎜ 50 ft 12 in ⎝ in ft 2 1.94 slug lbf ⋅ s 2 s2 ⎠ ⎟⎠
⎝

ft
V = 21.0
s
and:
π ft 3
× (0.052) ft 2 × 21.0
ft
Q = = 0.0447
2

4 s s

π
Volume pool = 2.5 ft × × (5) ft 2 = 49.1 ft 3
2

Volume pool 49.1 ft 3

time = = = 1097 s = 18.3 min.
Q ft 3
0.0447
s