FOR ZAMBOANGA CITY DIVISION USE ONLY

NOT FOR SALE

11/12
ORAL COMMUNICATION
QUARTER 2
Week 5

Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS

CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 CapSLET
Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit

SUBJECT & ORAL

QUARTER 2 WEEK 5 DAY ______________________
GRADE/LEVEL COMMUNICATION dd/mm/yyyy

PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING FOCUSING ON

TOPIC
AUDIENCE PROFILE AND LOGICAL ORGANIZATION
Uses principles of effective speech writing focusing
Code: on audience profile and logical organization
EN11/12OC-IIcj-25.1 Objectives:
• Explain the importance of understanding the
audience prior to writing a speech
• Define audience analysis
LEARNING • Discuss the three categories of audience analysis
COMPETENCY • Explain the importance of organizing ideas in
speech writing
• Identify the different structures that helps in
EN11/12OC-IIcj-25.2 organizing ideas
• Determine the logical organizational pattern that
best fit the given situation.

IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on the Learner’s
Activity and Assessment Sheets provided separately.

UNDERSTAND
Topic Title: Principles of Effective Speech Writing Focusing on Audience Profile and logical Organization

Maria Isabelle Garcia Climaco-Salazar or commonly

known as Beng Climaco, is the twenty-first and the current
mayor of Zamboanga City. She was a recipient of the 2018
World Mayor Prize and Commendation and was awarded as
among the “Top Five World’s Best Mayors”. Not only is she a
multi-awarded politician but also an effective speaker because of
her charismatic and sensible outlook whenever she gives her
speech in front of many people; be it local, national, or
international arena.
You may think that effective speakers like Mayor Beng
are born that way, but that is wrong. Public speaking is a skill and
it can be learned. Besides, successful speakers may have worked
arduously to master their speaking skills and have spent days of
practicing or taking speech courses.

CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS

CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 SAQ-1: SPEECH-tacular!
Before we proceed to our discussion, answer the following questions below: (Write your answers
on the separate sheets provided.)
1. Describe the public speaker you idolize the most.
______________________________________________________________________

2. What do you think a speaker needs to prepare before he/she delivers his/her speech?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What could be the first thing to consider before speaking in front of a large audience?
_____________________________________________________________________

Delivering a speech for a class, event, or any other activity that requires a large audience is not
an easy task especially for beginners. However, writing an effective speech beforehand can help an
individual improve his/her confidence level and champion the speaking engagement. Most speakers
need to craft a written speech in order to deliver their ideas successfully. One of the basic principles of
effective speech writing is to consider the audience profile. In fact, it is important to keep your audience
in mind in every stage of the speech writing process.

Audience analysis is the process of defining or examining the profile of the target audience,
i.e. their general age, gender, language, religion, affiliation, etc. Analyzing the audience is one of the
first steps in writing a speech and it is considered as an important principle of speech writing. It can
help you look for information that can be used to build common ground between the speaker and the
audience members. Take note that a target audience may vary in size (small or large group), and set-up
(face-to-face or virtual confrontation); thus it is important to maintain the connection and positive
relationship regardless of their profile. Analyzing the audience includes the following components:
demographic analysis, attitudinal/psychological analysis, and environmental/situational analysis.

a. Demographic analysis. This involves age, gender, ethnicity, race, religion, and educational
level. Below are some ideas to ponder in analyzing the demography of the audience:
• What may interest the teenagers may not interest the adults or vice versa.
• It is considered a “red line” to make jokes about gender, to use sexist/gender-specific
language and stereotypes.
• Be sensitive of other’s culture, ethnicity, or race so as not to offend or provoke them.
• Be extra careful when you speak about different religions because people feel very strongly
about their beliefs.
• Educational background can help you tailor your speech in terms of language use,
vocabulary, style, and use of examples.

b. Attitudinal/Psychological analysis. It addresses the attitudes, beliefs, values, preferences,

ideologies, and needs of the audience.
• An attitude refers to a person’s likes or dislikes. In choosing a topic, identify the attitudes
of your audience towards the subject. People easily get bored if the topic is irrelevant or
useless to them.
• A belief is the acceptance of a statement whether it is true or false. Egocentrism, or the
belief that one’s interests and opinions are the most important or valid, is discouraged in
this analysis. An effective speaker needs to acknowledge the different beliefs of his/her
audience to avoid arguments during the speech delivery.
• A value refers to a person’s principles or standards of behavior. Your personal values may
differ from the values of your audience, thus it is better to always keep track of what works
for you and what works for them.

CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS

CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 c. Environmental/Situational analysis. It examines the physical layout of the venue including
sitting arrangement, room lighting, and number of listeners. It also includes the time, the
occasion or type of event, and other situational factors that can manifest in the speech
delivery. The following statements serve as guidelines on this type of analysis:
• Sitting arrangement affects the response and attention of the audience. Make sure that the
seats are arranged reasonably.
• Consider the size of the audience. If the audience is quite small, speak in an average
volume. If the audience is large, us a microphone.
• Make sure that the room is conducive in terms of lighting, especially for the audience
members who have poor eyesight.
• Time expectation of the audience should also be regarded. If you speak significantly short
of time, they might feel shortchanged. On the other hand, if you speak longer than
expected, they might feel bored. Do not violate the audience’s time expectation.

It is important to analyze your audience before you craft your speech so that you can establish
a connection between you as the speaker, and the audience. The more you know about your target
audience, the better you can prepare your speech. It can also help you address their interests and needs,
and show them how your information can be useful to them.

SAQ-2: Speech or Switch?

Read the following statements carefully. Write the word SPEECH on the space in the first
column if the statement is true. If the statement is false, write the word SWITCH on the space in the
first column and underline the word or phrase in the second column that makes the statement false.
Write the correct answer on the space in the third column. The first two statements serve as examples
for you. (Answer on the Learner’s Activity and Assessment Sheets)

Example:
SPEECH OR CORRECT
STATEMENT
SWITCH ANSWER
SPEECH The use of examples in a speech should be according to
the educational background of the audience.
SWITCH Making jokes about gender is allowed if you sense that not allowed
the audience starts to get bored.

1. Audience analysis helps the speaker get information from

the audience and use it to build connection between
him/her and the audience members.
2. A speaker is conducting a demographic analysis if he/she
wants to find out the appropriate sitting arrangement for
the target audience.
3. A speaker is egocentric if he/she acknowledges the
different beliefs and opinions of his/her audience.
4. Audience analysis should be conducted after delivering
the speech to assess the profile of your target audience.
5. In public speaking situations, the speaker talks more and
the audience listens, often without asking questions or
giving feedback.

CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS

CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 Let’s Practice!

THE COVID WARRIOR

Suppose you were present on the day of distribution of emergency subsidy or commonly known
as Social Amelioration Program (SAP) to the low-income households in your barangay due to the
COVID-19 outbreak. Before distributing the cash assistance to approximately one hundred twenty
(120) households, the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) tapped you to reecho
the guidelines on the provision of SAP to the said audience. However, due to the strict imposition of
social distancing, the barangay basketball court can only house 40 people for seating capacity.

Questions:(Answer on the Learner’s Activity and Assessment Sheets)

1. What category of audience analysis should be dealt urgently? Why?

2. How would you address this issue ahead of time so that safety measures among the facilitators
and participants are still observed?

SAQ-1: Are you ready?

It’s frightening.
Right?

We all have that one experience when we were asked to give a talk before an audience. Having no
clue on how to begin the speech, how can you describe that experience? What makes organizing your
thoughts prior to a speech experience important? (Write your answer on the separate sheet provided.)

Well organized speech defines effective communication. Writing a speech does not end on knowing
the message that a speaker wants to deliver. Basically, speech writing requires structuring sets of ideas
and ensuring that pieces of information are well ordered and uses a consistent pattern. There are many
patterns a writer can use to organize his/her ideas which greatly depend on the objective and purpose
of the speech.

1. Chronological Pattern.
This pattern allows information to be organized base on time order or progression. When one
describes how celebrating fiesta in the Philippines has evolved over time, this can be effectively
explained using this pattern.
2. Sequential Pattern.
This pattern highlights the precise arrangement of ideas based on the step-by-step process. When
a writer wanted to discuss how wine is made, discussion holds the explanation of the order of
the fermenting process.
3. Spatial Pattern
In this pattern, the discussion of the writer focuses on how ideas are relevant in reference to its
existing physical space. Through this pattern, writers can effectively create mental images of
geographical locations of things.

CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS

CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 4. Cause and Effect Pattern
This pattern is particularly effective when writers want to justify how one event may bring about
and dependent with various conditions. This is best used when you want to justify that failure to
study will surely give you a law score in the exam.
5. Categorical/Topical Pattern
This pattern organizes information from the main point or the general topic down to the different
subtopics. It is when the writer enriches the discussion by elaborating each sub-ideas which at the
same time frame the big idea.
6. Biographical Pattern
This pattern is generally used by writers to describe his/her personal life or the life of someone they
know like a famous artist or an ordinary individual. Discussion is framed by describing the
significant aspect of the certain person, such as work, education, etc.
7. Problem-Solution Pattern
This pattern organizes ideas by presenting the identified problem, the causes, and its recommended
solutions. This is typically used when the writer wanted to persuade others about a certain action.
In this kind of pattern, the writer identifies the different aspects of the including the cause of the
problem and provide possible solutions.

Transitional devices are words or phrases that show the relationship between ideas
and bridges part by part of the speech. Each of the given Logical Organizational
patterns above has its different sets of transitional devices that helps writers in the
process of organizing speech.

Speech writing is indeed crucial. The delivery of the speech is truly frightening so it takes all to the
effort to prepare ahead of time. Establish the speech, outline your points, and structure it based on your
message and purpose. The more organized the message the greater the impact it leaves to your audience.

SAQ-2: Let’s do this!

Directions: Read the following statements carefully. Write the word FACT if the statement is correct.
If the statement is false, write FAKE NEWS and underline the word or phrase that makes it
incorrect. Write your answer on the space provided before each item.

_________ 1. If the main purpose of the writer is to lecture on COVID-19 including its symptoms
and origin, the writer is using the Spatial pattern.
_________ 2. The problem-solution pattern is organizing ideas by identifying the problem, explaining
the cause and propose possible solution.
_________ 3. Effective communication is the product of a well-organized written speech.
_________ 4. Chronological pattern is the arrangement of ideas in step-by-step process.
_________ 5. A biographical pattern includes discussion that describes a person’s life but only
limited to the author’s own life.

Let’s Practice!

Read and examine the given situation below the answer the questions that follow.
Note: Answer must be written on a separate sheet provided.

CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS

CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 Given our present situation when everyone is vulnerable to the virus, you as one of the young
leaders in your community were tasked to create a campaign to provide awareness on COVID-19 and
encourage everyone to practice the WPS against Corona Virus.

Wear facemask all the time

Practice social distancing
Stay at home!

As instructed, this campaign will be disseminated through live streaming on Facebook having you
as the spoke person.

Answer the following questions below. (Write your answer on the separate sheets provided.
1. What are your key points for discussion?

2. Which among the Logical Organizational pattern will best fit to develop your speech?

REMEMBER
Key Points

• Audience analysis is the process of gathering information about the audience members so
that their interests, needs, preferences, values, beliefs and opinions can be understood and
considered by the speaker.
• Demographic analysis includes the age, gender, nationality, culture, religion, socioeconomic
status, and education level of the audience.
• Attitudinal/psychological analysis includes the attitudes, beliefs, values, ideologies, and
preferences.
• Environmental/situational analysis involves the room lighting, time expectation, seating
arrangement, room temperature, and the audience size.
• An egocentric speaker thinks that his/her opinions, values and interests are always valid.
He/She does not acknowledge the background, ideas and preferences of his/her audience.

Speech writing requires structuring sets of ideas and ensuring that pieces of information are
well ordered and uses consistent pattern. There are many patterns a writer can use to organize
his/her ideas which greatly depend on the objective and purpose of the speech.
✓ Chronological Pattern
This pattern allows information to be organized base on time order or progression.
✓ Sequential Pattern
This pattern highlights the precise arrangement of ideas based on the step-by-step process.
✓ Spatial Pattern
In this pattern, the discussion of the writer focuses on how ideas are relevant in references to its
existing physical space.
✓ Cause and Effect Pattern
This pattern is particularly effective when writers want to justify how one event may bring about
and dependent on various conditions.
✓ Categorical/Topical Pattern
This pattern organizes information from a main point or the general topic down to the different
subtopics.
✓ Biographical Pattern
This pattern is generally used by writers to describe his/her personal life or the life of someone
they know like a famous artist or an ordinary individual.
✓ Problem-Solution Pattern
This pattern organizes ideas by presenting the identified problem, the causes, and it
recommended solutions.

CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS

CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 TRY
It’s time to assess how much you have learned today. Are you ready?

Directions: Identify the category of audience analysis based on the following questions. Write DA
if the question is relevant to Demographic Analysis, APA if it is relevant to Attitudinal/Psychological
Analysis, and ESA if it is relevant to Environmental/Situational Analysis. (Answer on the Learner’s
Activity and Assessment sheets.)

______________ 1. What does my audience prefer to watch; Asian or Hollywood movies?

______________ 2. Will I have access to audiovisual equipment?
______________ 3. How many children are there in the audience?
______________ 4. What is the socioeconomic status of my audience members?
______________ 5. Are they in favor of same sex marriage?
______________ 6. Are there more unemployed attendees than professionals?
______________ 7. Should I start the event at 9:00 A.M. or 1:00 P.M?
______________ 8. How many of them are against the administration of President Duterte?
______________ 9. How many participants will there be?
______________ 10. Are there more males than females?

Directions: Read each situation below and identify the logical organizational pattern used. Write your
answer on the space provided before each item. (Answer on the Learner’s Activity and
Assessment sheets.)

________________ 1. For the fast few days, Zamboanga City has experienced a rapid increase in
COVID-19 positive cases in the city. Mayor Beng Climaco has announced last
15th of July, 2020 the shifting of the level of community quarantine from
Modified General Community Quarantine (MGCQ) to General Community
Quarantine (GCQ) in order to slow down the increase of number of cases.
________________ 2. Because of the Pandemic, many Filipinos have lost their job.
________________ 3. There are three things that you need to know about this Pandemic. First, the
origin of the virus. Second, how the virus is acquired. And lastly, how to
prevent being infected.
________________ 4. In Zamboanga City, an asymptomatic patient will be placed in its isolation
facility at Lantaka Hotel Zamboanga which is located only four kilometers away
from the city proper.
________________ 5. Rodrigo Roa Duterte, the 16th president of the Philippines, is now facing one of
the greatest battles in his journey as the president because of this pandemic.

Book

Philippe John Fresnillo Sipacio and Anne Richie Garcia Balgosc. Oral
Communication in Context for Senior High School. Quezon City. C & E
Publishing, Inc., 2016, 63.

Website
REFERENCE/S
Source: “Analyzing Your Audience” Stacy DeGeer, accessed July 5, 2020,
https://department.monm.edu/cata/mcgaan/classes/cata339/audience-
analysis101.htm

Source: “Principles of Writing: Audience Analysis” Dawne Ducarpe,

accessed April 11, 2018, https://magoosh.com/pro-writing/speech-writing-
audience-analysis/
CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS
CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 Source: “Principles of Communication”, last accessed Novemeber 19, 2019,
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-
communications/chapter/principles-of-organization/

Source: “Patterns of Organizations”, last accessed July 15, 2020,

http://faculty.washington.edu/ezent/impo.htm

This learning resource contains copyrighted materials. The use of which has
not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making this
learning resource in our efforts to provide printed and e-copy learning
resources available for the learners about the learning continuity plan of this
division at this time of the pandemic.
DISCLAIMER OF
LIABILITY
Credits and respect to the original creator/owner of the materials found in this
learning resource. This material is not intended for uploading nor for
commercial use, but purely for educational purposes and for the utilization of
Zamboanga City Division only. No malicious infringement is meant by the
writer.

CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS

CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS
 CapSLET 8 Written by: JEREMIAH L. SAAVEDRA (SST-III) ECC-Baluno NHS
CapSLET 9 Wriiten by: MEDALLON A. RASONABE (SST-II) ECC-Baluno NHS