UNIVERSITY OF BATANGAS

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
HILLTOP ROAD, BATANGAS CITY

EE5L
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL LAB

ACTIVITY NO.5
INSTRUMENTATION DOCUMENTS

MEDRANO, ERVIN C.
EE3-3 / 1201541

ENGR.MELCHOR R. BARCENAS
INSTRUCTOR

MARCH 19, 2021

 I. OBJECTIVES
 To learn about different kinds of instrument.
 To know the flow of process in different types of machinery.
 To understand the schematic symbols of instrument.

II. INTRODUCTORY PART

Process Flow Diagram (PFD)

Process Flow Diagram (PFD) is a type of flowchart that illustrates
the relationships between major components at an industrial plant.
It's most often used in chemical engineering and process
engineering, though its concepts are sometimes applied to other
processes as well. It’s used to document a process, improve a
process or model a new one. Depending on its use and content, it
may also be called a Process Flow Chart, Flowsheet, Block Flow
Diagram, Schematic Flow Diagram, Macro Flowchart, Top-down
Flowchart, Piping and Instrument Diagram, System Flow Diagram or System Diagram. They
use a series of symbols and notations to depict a process.  The symbols vary in different
places, and the diagrams may range from simple, hand-drawn scrawls or sticky notes to
professional-looking diagrams with expandable detail, produced with software.

Field-Mounted

We mean devices that are physically located in the plant adjacent to equipment or piping
runs and devices in-line of the pipe. Examples would be transmitters, switches, local
indicators, valves, thermocouples, etc.

Loop Diagrams 

Are the most detailed form of diagrams for a control system and thus it must contain all
details omitted by PFDs and P&IDs alike. Loop drawings can be customized per customer
taste although certain minimum standard information is required to be included in loop sheets.
Flow Transmitter 

Are sensors with an electrical transmission output for remote

indication of flow rate.

Proportional–Integral–Derivative Controller (PID)

Is a control loop mechanism employing feedback that is

widely used in industrial control systems and a variety of other
applications requiring continuously modulated control. A PID
controller continuously calculates an error value.

Flow Control Valve 

Regulates the flow or pressure of a fluid. Control valves normally

respond to signals generated by independent devices such as flow
meters or temperature gauges.

Level Transmitters 

Are sensors with an electrical transmission output for remote

indication of liquid, powder or bulk level. Capacitive, float,
mechanical, submersible, and ultrasonic models are the different
types available of level transmitters.

III. ANALYSIS

Instrumentation documentation consists of drawings, diagrams and schedules. The

documentation is used by various people for different purposes. Of all the disciplines in a
project, instrumentation is the most interlinked and therefore the most difficult to control. The
instrument location drawing is used to indicate an approximate location of the instruments and
junction boxes. This drawing is then used to determine the cable lengths from the instrument to
the junction box or control room. This drawing is also used to give the installation contractor an
idea as to where the instrument should be installed.

IV. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. Why is it important to know the process of flow diagram?

To understand the working principle of it. And to analyze or troubleshoot if there is any
error in the system.
2.  Why flow control valve is important?

Because it regulates how much water is needed in the system. And to avoid flooding or
breaking the system.

3. How important it is to install PID in the system?

It is important because it measures the error value in the system. And helps in
monitoring if there is a sudden changes in system.