PROPOSED PHASE I & II SEWERAGE TREATMENT PLANT AT MSIA

FOR JABATAN PERKHIDMATAN PEMBENTUNGAN

1.0 BASIC DESIGN CRITERIA (refer to Vol.4 SPAN STP Guidelines - Section 3, Clauses 3.3.2 Table 3.2)

1.1 Designed Population Equivalent = 24000

1.2 Flow per capita = 0.25 m3/PE/d

1.3 Average Daily Flow: = 6000.00 m³/d

1.4 Peak factor = 4.7 x P-0.11

= 3.00

1.5 Peak Flow = 18,000 m³/d

= 0.208 m³/s

1.6 BODin = 1500 kg/d

1.7 SSin = 1800 kg/d

The final effluent shall comply with Standard A as stipulated by the Environmental Quality (Sewerage and
Industrial Regulations 1979, Department of Environment, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, i.e.:-

(i) Inflow BOD = 250 mg/l

(iI) Inflow SS = 300 mg/l
(iii Design treated effluent BOD = 10 mg/l
(iv) Design treated effluent SS = 20 mg/l

2.0 DESIGN OF PRE-TREATMENT SYSTEM & PUMPING STATION

2.1 Primary Screen Chamber For Phase 1 & 2

(refer to Vol.4 SPAN STP Guidelines - Section 5, Clauses 5.2.2 Table 5.1, 5.2 & 5.3)

2.1.1 Design of Primary Screen

Approach velocity at Qpeak < 1.0m/s

Flow through velocity at Qpeak < 1.0m/s
Let velocity through rack = 0.5 m/s

Clear spacing of bars = 25 mm

Width of bars = 10 mm
Width of screen = 800 mm
Space between c/c of bars = 35 mm

No. of bars = Width of screen + 1

Space between c/c of bars

= 800 + 1
35

= 24 nos.
 Clear area through the rack openings = QP/velocity through rack
= 0.417 m2

Water depth allowed for the system = 0.5208 m

when the rack is cleared = 520.83 mm

If 50% clogging of rack, screen area = 0.833 m2

Velocity through the screen , V50 = QP/screen area of 50% blockage
= 0.3 m/s < 1 m/s OK
Water depth allowed for the system = 1.0417 m
when the rack is 50% blockage = 1041.7 mm

Headloss through screen, h = [k(V2-v2)/2g]

k = friction coefficient, typically = 1.43
V = max. velocity through bar screen = 1.0 m/s
v = velocity upstream of bar screen = 0.5 m/s
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s2
Therefore, head loss at 50% blockage, h50 = 1.43 x (1 - 0) / 19.62
= 0.05 m

Height of channel required = 1.0417 + 0.05

= 1.10 m
Provide freeboard = 0.15 m
Total height = 1.10 + 0.15
= 1.25 m

where the dimension of the 2 units primary screen channel provided: -

No. of Primary Screen Channel = 3
Channel Length = 4.5 m
Channel Width = 0.80 m
Channel Depth = 1.30 m > 1.25 m OK

2.1.2 Design of Collection Bin for Storage

Estimated quantity of screenings = 30 m³/106 m³ wastewater

Quantity of screenings per day = 0.180 m³/day
Screenings holding capacity required = 7 days
Minimum volume of collection bin required = 1.26 m³

Dimension of the storage bin to be provided,

Length = 1.2 m
Width = 1.2 m
Depth = 0.9 m

Volume of storage bin provided = 1.30 m³ > 1.26 m³ OK

2.2.1 Design of Pumping Station
(refer to Vol.4 SPAN STP Guidelines - Section 5, Clauses 5.3.2 Table 5.4)

For Phase 1 & 2 (24,000PE), Qpeak = 18,000 m3/day

= 0.208 m3/s
Let start/stop = 8 per hour
Volume of pump sump = TQ/4
where T = minimum time of one capacity cycle
= 6.00 min
Volume = 18.75 m3
Effective depth provided = 1.3 m
Area calculated = 14.42 m2
Length calculated = 3.80 m
Length provided = 9 m
Width provided = 2 m
Actual effective volume provided = 23.40 m³ > 18.75 m³ OK

Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) = V / Qpeak

= 112.32 s < 1800 s OK

2.2.2 Pumps for Phase 1 only (12,000PE) = 187.50 m3/hr

Output of each pump = 3.13 m3/min
= 0.052 m3/s
= 52.1 L/s
Diameter pipe provided = 250 mm
= 0.25 m
Velocity in pipe = 4Q/3.14D2
= 1.06 m/s (0.8 - 2.5m/s) OK

i) Friction loss through fittings

He = K (V2/2g)
Where He = Headloss through fittings, m
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s2)

Nos Fittings & valves Coefficient, K Total K Value Fitting headloss, He (m)
8 900 bends 0.30 2.40 0.138
3 tee 1.80 5.40 0.310
3 gate valve 0.20 0.60 0.034
3 check valve 2.50 7.50 0.431
1 Inlet 0.23 0.23 0.013
1 outlet(velocity head) 1.00 1.00 0.057
Total = 17.13 0.984

ii) Friction loss through pipe

Friction loss through pipe is determined using Hazen-William formula
Pipe Friction Loss = 6.81 (V/C)1.85 (L/D1.167)
V = 0.850 CR0.63 S0.54
Where V = Velocity in the pipe, m/s = 1.06
C = surface roughness coefficient, assume = 110
R = hydraulic radius (d/4) = 0.063
S = Slope of energy grade line (dimensionless)
L = pipe equivalent = 15.00

D = Pipe diameter = 0.25

 Pipe Friction Loss = 6.81 (V/C)1.85 (L/D1.167)
= 6.81 x 0.0002 x 76
= 0.10 m

iii) Static pumping head = 10.00 m

Total pumping head = Static pumping head + Friction loss through fittings
+ Friction loss through pipe
= 10.00 + 0.984 + 0.10
= 11.08 m

Data for plotting system curve :

DI pipe = 250mm dia

Flow (L/s) 0 90 100 110 120 130 140
Flow (m3/s) 0.000 0.090 0.100 0.110 0.120 0.130 0.140
Velocity (m/s) 0.000 1.833 2.037 2.241 2.445 2.648 2.852
Friction loss through pipe (m) 0.00 0.26 0.32 0.38 0.45 0.52 0.60
Friction loss through fitting (m) 0.00 2.93 3.62 4.38 5.22 6.12 7.10
Static pumping head (m) 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
Total pumping head (m) 10.00 13.20 13.94 14.77 15.67 16.65 17.70

Check pump start/stop

Qpeak = 12.50 m3/min
Qavg = 4.17 m3/min
T fil(at Qavg) = 5.62 min
T empty = effective pump sump vol.
(Qpeak-Qavg)
= 2.81 min
Pumping cycle time = 8.42 min
No. of pump start/stop = 60 / 8.42
= 7.1 times (6-15 starts) OK

Proposed Raw Sewage Pump will be provided are as follow: -

Make = Tsurumi or JPP approved equivalent
Model = TOS 150B411
Capacity = 190.0 m3/hr or 0.05277778 m3/s
Total head = 11.08 m
Discharge bore = 100 mm
No. of unit = 3 (2 duty + 1 standby)
Power rating = 11.00 kW
Speed = 1500 rpm
3.0 DESIGN OF SECONDARY SCREEN CHAMBER/ GRIT CHAMBER/ GREASE CHAMBER
(refer to Vol.4 SPAN STP Guidelines - Section 5, Clauses 5.4.2 & 5.5.2 Table 5.6, 5.7, 5.8 & 5.9)

3.1.1 Design of Secondary Screen for 24000PE

Approach velocity at Qpeak < 1.0m/s

Flow through velocity at Qpeak < 1.0m/s
Let velocity through rack = 0.5 m/s

Clear spacing of bars = 12 mm

Width of bars = 5 mm
Width of screen = 800 mm
Space between c/c of bars = 17 mm

No. of bars = Width of screen + 1

Space between c/c of bars

= 800 + 1
17

= 49 nos.

Clear area through the rack openings = QP/velocity through rack

= 0.417 m2

Water depth allowed for the system = 0.5208 m

when the rack is cleared = 520.83 mm

If 50% clogging of rack, screen area = 0.833 m2

Velocity through the screen , V50 = QP/screen area of 50% blockage
= 0.3 m/s < 1 m/s OK
Water depth allowed for the system = 1.0417 m
when the rack is 50% blockage = 1041.7 mm

Headloss through screen, h = [k(V2-v2)/2g]

k = friction coefficient, typically = 1.43
V = max. velocity through bar screen = 1.0 m/s
v = velocity upstream of bar screen = 0.5 m/s
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s2
Therefore, head loss at 50% blockage, h50 = 1.43 x (1 - 0) / 19.62
= 0.05 m

Height of channel required = 1.0417 + 0.05

= 1.10 m
Provide freeboard = 0.15 m
Total height = 1.10 + 0.15
= 1.25 m

where the dimension of the 2 units secondary screen channel provided: -

No. of Secondary Screen Channel = 2
Channel Length = 2.3 m
Channel Width = 0.80 m
Channel Depth = 1.30 m > 1.25 m OK
3.1.2 Design of Collection Bin for Storage

Assume 50% screenings have been removed in the primary screen chamber.
Estimated quantity of screenings = 30 m³/106 m³ wastewater
Quantity of screenings per day = 0.090 m³/day
Screenings holding capacity required = 7 days
Minimum volume of collection bin required = 0.63 m³

Dimension of the storage bin to be provided,

Length = 1.2 m
Width = 0.80 m
Depth = 0.9 m
Volume of storage bin provided = 0.86 m³ > 0.63 m³ OK

3.2 Grit Chamber

3.2.1 Design of Grit Chamber

(For >10,000PE @ 50% design flow each)
Provide two (2) horizontal flow chambers ( 2 duty) or combine in one (1)

Retention time required = 3 min at peak flow

Recommended Depth to Width ratio = 1:2

Recommended Length to Width ratio = 2:1

Volume of each chamber required = Qpeak x retention time x 50% design flow each
18.75 m³

Dimension of each Grit Chamber,

No. of chambers = 2
Chamber Length, L = 3.00 m
W
Chamber Width, W = 3.00 m
Chamber Depth, D = 2.80 m
Hopper depth , d = 1.50 m
D
Hopper width, w = 0.90 m
Hopper length, l = 3.00 m d w

Total each tank volume provided = 1/3xd{W x L+w x l+(W x L x w x l)1/2} + (D-d) x W x L
= 20.01 m³ > 18.75 m³ OK

Actual retention time provided = Volume of chambers

Qpeak
= 3.20 min at peak flow OK

Cross section area provided = 3x3 m²

= 16.80 m²

Flow through velocity, Vf = Qpeak

cross section area
= 0.012 m/s < 0.2 m/s OK

Estimated quantity of grit = 0.03 m³ /10³ m³ of wastewater

Quantity of grit accumulated per day = 0.180 m³/day

Required grit holding capacity = 7 days (As Guidelines)

 Volume of grit collection bin required = 1.26 m³

Dimension of grit/grease collection bin to be provided,

Length = 1.2 m
Width = 1.2 m
Depth = 1 m
No. of bin = 1

Holding capacity of grit collection bin provided = 1.44 m³ > 1.26 m³ OK

3.2.2 Grit Pumps

Assume the grit with 70% of sewage when operate the pump, thus the volume of the grit/sewage
= 1.26 x 0.70  0.3
= 2.94 m³/weeks

Proposed 3 times per week for 1 hrs remove the grit to collection bin
= 2.94 / 1 /3
3
= 0.98 m /hr
= 0.016333 m3/min
= 0.82 L/s

Pipe size required = 0.012 m

Pipe size selected = 0.020 m

Velocity in pipe = 0.87 m/s < 2.5 m/s OK

3.2.3 Pump Head Calculation

Static Head
Static head = 5.00 m

Friction Losses
Friction losses through pipe is determined using Hazen-William formula,

Friction losses through pipe, HL = [ V / ( 0.85 x C x R0.63 ]1.85 x L

Where, HL = friction head loss, m

V = velocity in pipe, m/s = 0.87
R = hydraulic radius (d/4), m = 0.005
C = surface roughness coefficient = 110
L = pipe equivalent, m = 6

Thus, friction losses = 0.500 m

Minor Losses
Minor losses through fittings , h1 = kV2 / 2g

Where, k = resistance coefficient for fittings and valves

g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.81
 Fittings / Vales Qty Coefficient, K Minor headloss, h1
90o Bends 6 0.29 0.067
Tee 1 1.29 0.049
Outlet 1 1 0.038
Check Valve 2 1.0 0.077
Gate Valve 3 0.12 0.014
Total Minor losses, h 1 0.245 m

Total Pumping Head

Total Dynamic Head (TDH) = Static Head + Total Losses

= 5.00 + 0.500 + 0.245
= 5.74 m

3.2.4 Grit Pump Selection

Each Pump Capacity : 0.8 l/s

Pump Head : 5.74 m
Make : Ebara or JPP approved equivalent
Model : 50DV5.75
Power : 0.75 kW
Speed : 1500 rpm
Quantity : 2 duty

3.2.5 Air Requirement

Based on air requirement is 0.27 m³/min. m

Air required for each chamber = 0.27 x 3.75
3
= 1.0125 m /min

Using coarse bubble diffuser with air flow rate of 250 L/min (0.25m3/min) with about
submergence of 4 m as per each diffuser

Thus, numbers of diffusers required = 1.0125  0.25

for Grit chamber = 4 nos.

Coarse bubble diffuser provided = 4x2

= 8 nos.

Air flow provided for each chamber = 8 x 0.25

3
= 2 m /min
3.3 Grease Chamber for Phase 1 & 2 (24000PE)
(For >10,000PE @ 50% design flow each)

3.3.1 Design of Grease Chamber

Retention time = 3 min
Max velocity = 0.2 m/s
Volume required = Qpeak x retention time
= 37.50 m3
No of Chamber = 2.00 nos.
Provided chamber width ,W = 3.00 m
Provided chamber length ,L 3.00 m
Chamber depth , D = 2.8 m
Actual volume provided = 50.40 m³ > 37.5 m³ OK
Retention Time = Vol / Qpeak
= 50.40 / 18000 x 1440
= 4.03 min > 3 min OK

3.3.2 Design of Air Lift Grease Skimmer

An air operated grease skimmer will be provided to remove grease accumulated on the surface of
grease tank to grease collection bin.

Assume grease layer thickness = 50 mm

Volume of scum to be removed = surface area x grease layer thickness
= 9 x 0.05
3
= 0.45 m

Assume skimmer to operate 30 minutes per day

Therefore, capacity of scum skimmer = 0.02 m3/min
Air required,Va = h
C log [(H+10.4)/10.4]
Where h = Total lift, 0.5 m
H = submergence depth, 0.8 m
C = constant, 10.2 m

0.5
Hence, Va = 10.2 log [( 0.8 + 10.4)/10.4]
= 1.52 m3/m3 of scum

Volume of air required to lift up the grease = 1.52 x 0.02

3
= 0.02 m /min
Adopt effiency of air lift = 25%
Hence, volume of air required = 0.091 m3/min

3.3.3 Air Requirement

Based on air requirement is 0.27 m³/min. m
Air required for each chamber = 0.27 x 3.75
3
= 1.0125 m /min
Using coarse bubble diffuser with air flow rate of 250 L/min (0.25m3/min)

Thus, numbers of diffusers required = 1  0.25

for Grit chamber = 4 nos.

Coarse bubble diffuser provided = 4x2

= 8 nos.
Air flow provided for each chamber = 8 x 0.25
3
= 2 m /min