QUESTION 1

“Work from Home Is Here to Stay”

The future of jobs after the pandemic is a blurry mix of work, life, pyjamas, and
Zoom.
During this COVID-19 pandemic, starting work from home effectively and efficiently
is very challenging. Working from home, however, is the best option to prevent the
COVID-19 virus from spreading. You note, unfortunately, that your productivity is
beginning to decline. How do you work effectively and efficiently at home? The
explanation should include individual differences, motivation, and job design to
support your answer.

Working from home has changed most of the way we have been working. We are
always used to working in the company, resting at home and choosing what we want
to do according to our own wishes. During this COVID-19 pandemic, we had to work
at home. Due to the influence of previous working methods, changes in
environment, mentality, and organization will inevitably affect work efficiency. So
how can we improve our work efficiency at home?

First from the individual differences:

Individual difference refers to: the principle of individual difference means that
human resources are composed of the working ability of individual workers, and the
working ability of each worker is different due to the influence of physical,
educational level, practical experience and other factors. Individual Differences.
Improve your ability to work efficiently.
First, attitude. For the same object or thing, different people may have different
preferences in different time and space. This preference contains complex
psychological components. Attitude is composed of behavior. Emotional component
and behavioral tendency component. The relationship between attitude and
behavior, general attitude can better predict general behavior, specific attitude can
better predict specific behavior, there is consistency and certain timeliness between
attitude and behavior. Due to changes in the work environment, work attitudes may
change. Strictly controlling and learning attitudes to work can effectively improve
work efficiency. For example, maintain a good attitude and take work seriously.
Improve work enthusiasm, etc.
Personality refers to a person's stable existence of thinking, emotions and behavior
patterns. There are overall differences in the way of thinking, emotional experience
and expression, and the way of doing things. Genetics and environment affect
personality. Responsibility can predict job performance, extraversion can predict job
performance in management and sales positions, openness can predict training
effects, and emotional stability has nothing to do with job performance. We can see
that personality has an important impact on work. Changes in the work environment
will affect the changes in personality. We must change our personality according to
the content of our work to ensure a high degree of matching between them.
Thereby improving work efficiency. For example, working from home will make us
more relaxed and change our personality. Causes errors at work. We should strictly
demand ourselves according to our work, what kind of personality we should learn
and maintain.
Third, perception refers to the process by which individuals perceive and interpret
environmental stimuli. Different people see things from different perspectives. The
factors that affect perception, the characteristics of the perceptual target or object,
the perceptual situation, and the characteristics of the perceiver. But our perception
of working at home will change. For example, the furnishings of the working
environment, the changes of people around the working environment. It will cause
us to produce perceptual errors and reduce work efficiency. We must adapt to the
working environment and reduce the perceptual errors that the environment brings
to us. Improve our work efficiency. Keep a clear head at all times. Try to create an
independent working environment. Guarantee not to be interfered by other firms.

The second is motivation

The internal motivation of an individual's behavior is the motivation, which is the
internal psychological tendency of the individual to cause and maintain his behavior
in a certain way to meet his needs. Motivation is generated on the basis of needs.
The American psychologist Herzberger proposed in 1959. He divided the relevant
factors in the enterprise into two types, namely, satisfaction factors and
dissatisfaction factors. Satisfaction factors refer to factors that can satisfy and
encourage people. Dissatisfaction factors refer to factors that are prone to produce
opinions and negative behaviors, namely health care factors. He believes that these
two factors are the main factors affecting employee performance.
The content of health care factors includes company policy and management,
supervision, wages, colleague relations and working conditions. These factors are all
factors outside of work. If these factors are met, dissatisfaction can be eliminated
and the original work efficiency can be maintained, but it cannot motivate people to
be more active. Motivation factors are related to the job itself or the content of the
job, including achievement, appreciation, the meaning and challenge of the job itself,
sense of responsibility, promotion, development, etc. If these factors are satisfied,
they can generate great incentives. If they are not satisfied, they will not produce
dissatisfaction like health care factors. Working from home will inevitably cause
changes in motivational factors. We should shift the motivation factor to ensure our
enthusiasm for work. In order to improve work efficiency.

Finally, work design

Work design refers to work content that is related to meeting the individual needs of
workers in order to effectively achieve organizational goals. Design of job functions
and working relationships.
The significance and role of work design: 1. It can reduce the adverse effects of
monotonous and repetitive work. 2. It is conducive to the establishment of an
integrated work system. 3. It provides conditions for giving full play to the initiative
and creativity of workers. Work design has a significant impact on our work
efficiency.
① Reasonably arrange working hours so that we can have more time at home.
Reasonable design and planning of work content can improve our work efficiency.
②We can ensure that team work will not be delayed by remote means
③Change the order of work according to the habits and lifestyle at home to ensure
the best working condition and the highest work efficiency.