CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the discussion on the research design, respondents of the study,
research instruments, the data gathering procedure, validation of the instrument, methods of
scoring and interpretation and statistical tool to be used to analyze the data.

Research Design

This study used the descriptive research design. This design answers who, what, where,
when and how questions related to a particular research problem. This design is used to obtain
information about the present situation to acquire an understanding of a certain phenomenon
(Cristobal & De La Cruz-Cristobal, 2017).

It is used to depict the participant’s answer through the help of the given questionnaire. A
descriptive design was used in order to reach its objective, to describe the respondent’s perceived
impacts by sports to the development of the social skills of students.

Respondents of the Study

The research was conducted at Liceo del Verbo Divino during the school year 2018-2019
at Tacloban City, Leyte.

The respondents of this study are the students from grade 12 Senior High School.
Researcher will randomly select 60 (26%) students out of two hundred twenty-nine (229) from
Grade 12 Senior High School Students for the school year 2018-2019. According to Cristobal
and De La Cruz-Cristobal, for a descriptive research, 10% to 20% could be considered as an
acceptable sample size for this type of research, hence the percentage of respondents was set to
26%.

Sampling Method

The researcher made use of the simple random sampling method in the selection of the
respondents. This is a method of selecting samples in which all members of the population are
given the equal chance of being chosen. It is a balanced way of selection, as samples are picked
by chance (Cristobal & De La Cruz-Cristobal, 2017). Senior high school students in the S.Y.
2018-2019 became the respondents of the study.

Table I. Distribution of Respondents

Grade 12 Sections of Liceo Total number of

Total Number of Students
del Verbo Divino Respondents Chosen
Our Lady of Banneux 34 10
Our Lady of La Sallete 34 10
Our lady of Montserrat 35 10
Our lady of Penafrancia 34 10
Our lady of Caysasay 43 10
Our Lady of Manaoag 49 10
TOTAL 229 60

Research Instrument

The researcher utilized one instrument to gather the needed data for this study in order to
respond to the sub-problems in this study, only the survey questionnaire.

Survey Questionnaire. A close-ended questionnaire was used as the data gathering

instrument to gather information and to attain the objective of the study regarding to the
perceived impacts of sports towards the development of social skills of students. The
questionnaires contained questions to find out the perceived effects of sports to the development
of social skills of student. This was the questionnaire that can gather data from the student’s
perception from the senior high department of Liceo del Verbo Divino, Tacloban City.

Data Gathering Procedure

In gathering data, the researcher will ask permission from the School Coordinator of
Liceo del Verbo Divino through a formal communication. The teacher’s and students’
permission will also be secured.
 The researcher will personally administer the research instruments. The survey
questionnaire will be given to the respondents and the instruction will be given to them by the
researcher before answering it.

Method of Scoring and Interpretation

The data gathered through the survey questionnaires where scored, analyze and interpret
as follows.

All questions from number 1 to 10 will be scored as follows.

Response Score

Strongly Agree 4

Agree 3

Disagree 2

Strongly Disagree 1

Statistical Treatment of the Data

To determine the number of respondents, the formula below was used:

x ∙ n=r

Where:

x = given percentage quantity

n = total number of respondents

r = number of respondents

To determine the percentage value, the formula below was used:

 x
×100=¿ p
n

Where:
x= given quantity

n= total amount

p = percentage of the quantity compared to the total

All statistical analyses were done using manual computations which is then checked twice.

Ethical Consideration

The researchers secured a letter of permission from the principal and as well from the
Senior High School coordinators of Liceo del Verbo Divino to allow the researchers to conduct
their study on the said school. With the approval, the survey questionnaires were distributed to
the respondents.