En 50155 (2017)

BS
EN 50155:2017
BSI Standards Publication
Railway applications - Rolling stock

- Electronic equipment
BS EN 50155:2017 BRITISH STANDARD
National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 50155:2017. It
supersedes BS EN 50155:2007, which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee GEL/9/2, Railway Electrotechnical Applications -
Rolling stock.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
© The British Standards Institution 2017
Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017
ISBN 978 0 580 82911 6
ICS 45.060.10; 45.060.01
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the
Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2017.
Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Text affected
BS EN 50155:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50155

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2017
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 50155:2007
English Version
Railway applications - Rolling stock - Electronic equipment
Applications ferroviaires - Équipements électroniques Bahnanwendungen - Elektronische Einrichtungen auf

utilisés sur le matériel roulant Schienenfahrzeugen
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-05-08. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 50155:2017 E

BS EN 50155:2017
EN 50155:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword ............................................................................................................................... 9

Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 11
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 12
2 Normative references.................................................................................................................. 12
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations ....................................................................................... 14
3.1 Terms and definitions ............................................................................................................. 14
3.2 Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 19
4 General requirements ................................................................................................................. 20
4.1 Performance requirements .................................................................................................... 20
4.2 Performance criteria ............................................................................................................... 20
4.2.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 20
4.2.2 Performance criterion A .................................................................................................. 20
4.2.3 Performance criterion B .................................................................................................. 20
4.2.4 Performance criterion C .................................................................................................. 21
4.3 Environmental service conditions .......................................................................................... 21
4.3.1 Altitude ............................................................................................................................ 21
4.3.2 Operating temperature .................................................................................................... 21
4.3.3 Switch-on extended operating temperature .................................................................... 22
4.3.4 Rapid temperature variations .......................................................................................... 23
4.3.5 Shock and vibration ........................................................................................................ 23
4.3.6 Electromagnetic compatibility ......................................................................................... 23
4.3.7 Relative humidity............................................................................................................. 23
4.4 Special service conditions ...................................................................................................... 24
4.4.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 24
4.4.2 Atmospheric pollutants ................................................................................................... 24
5 Electrical service conditions ...................................................................................................... 24
5.1 Power supply .......................................................................................................................... 24
5.1.1 DC Supply ....................................................................................................................... 24
5.1.2 Supply by a specified source other than the main power source ................................... 28
5.1.3 Supply change-over ........................................................................................................ 28
5.1.4 Supply with overhead line or third rail ............................................................................. 28
5.2 Installation requirements ........................................................................................................ 29
5.2.1 Power supply .................................................................................................................. 29
5.2.2 Thermal compatibility ...................................................................................................... 29
5.2.3 Electromagnetic compatibility ......................................................................................... 29
5.2.4 Cabling ............................................................................................................................ 29
5.2.5 Installation instruction ..................................................................................................... 29
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5.2.6 Insulation ......................................................................................................................... 29

6 Reliability, maintainability and expected useful life ................................................................ 29
6.1 Equipment reliability ............................................................................................................... 29
6.1.1 Predicted reliability .......................................................................................................... 29
6.1.2 Proof of reliability ............................................................................................................ 31
6.2 Useful life ............................................................................................................................... 32
6.3 Maintainability ........................................................................................................................ 33
6.3.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 33
6.3.2 Preventive Maintenance ................................................................................................. 33
6.3.3 Corrective Maintenance .................................................................................................. 33
6.4 Built-in diagnostics ................................................................................................................. 34
6.5 Automatic test equipment....................................................................................................... 34
6.6 Purpose built test equipment and special tools ..................................................................... 34
7 Design........................................................................................................................................... 34
7.1 General................................................................................................................................... 34
7.1.1 Equipment ....................................................................................................................... 34
7.1.2 Quality management ....................................................................................................... 34
7.1.3 System Life-cycle ............................................................................................................ 34
7.2 Detailed practices - Hardware ................................................................................................ 35
7.2.1 Insulation coordination .................................................................................................... 35
7.2.2 Interfacing ....................................................................................................................... 35
7.2.3 Fault protection ............................................................................................................... 37
7.2.4 Referencing power supplies ........................................................................................... 37
7.2.5 Interchangeability ............................................................................................................ 37
7.2.6 Reduction of supply voltage and ON/OFF phases ......................................................... 37
7.2.7 Polarity reversal .............................................................................................................. 37
7.2.8 Inrush currents ................................................................................................................ 37
7.2.9 Energetic transient pulses .............................................................................................. 37
7.2.10 Capacitance to ground/earth .......................................................................................... 38
7.2.11 Spare capacity ................................................................................................................ 38
7.2.12 Programmable Component ............................................................................................. 38
7.3 Detailed practices - Software ................................................................................................. 38
7.3.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 38
7.3.2 Life-cycle ......................................................................................................................... 38
7.4 Features of software controlled equipment ............................................................................ 38
7.4.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 38
7.4.2 Self-test ........................................................................................................................... 38
7.4.3 Watchdog ........................................................................................................................ 38
7.4.4 Failure indication ............................................................................................................. 38
7.4.5 Recovery ......................................................................................................................... 38
8 Non-railway designed electronic equipment ............................................................................ 39
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9 Components ................................................................................................................................ 39
9.1 General................................................................................................................................... 39
9.2 Procurement ........................................................................................................................... 39
9.3 Application .............................................................................................................................. 39
10 Construction ............................................................................................................................ 40
10.1 Equipment construction ...................................................................................................... 40
10.1.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 40
10.1.2 Mechanical protection ..................................................................................................... 40
10.1.3 Polarization or coding ..................................................................................................... 40
10.1.4 Dimensional requirements .............................................................................................. 40
10.1.5 Sockets and edge connectors ........................................................................................ 40
10.1.6 Cabling inside cubicles ................................................................................................... 40
10.2 Component mounting ......................................................................................................... 41
10.2.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 41
10.2.2 Layout ............................................................................................................................. 41
10.2.3 Fixing .............................................................................................................................. 41
10.2.4 Component lead terminations ......................................................................................... 41
10.2.5 Pre-set control................................................................................................................. 41
10.2.6 Select on test components ............................................................................................. 41
10.3 Electrical connections ......................................................................................................... 41
10.3.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 41
10.3.2 Soldered connections ..................................................................................................... 41
10.3.3 Crimped connections ...................................................................................................... 42
10.3.4 Wire wrap connections ................................................................................................... 42
10.3.5 Other connections ........................................................................................................... 42
10.4 Internal flexible wiring (electrical and optical) ..................................................................... 42
10.5 Flexible printed wiring ......................................................................................................... 42
10.6 Printed boards - flexible and rigid ....................................................................................... 43
10.6.1 Printed board .................................................................................................................. 43
10.6.2 PCB acceptability ............................................................................................................ 43
10.6.3 Layout ............................................................................................................................. 43
10.6.4 Materials ......................................................................................................................... 43
10.7 Protective coatings for printed board assemblies .............................................................. 43
10.8 Identification ....................................................................................................................... 44
10.8.1 Bare PCB identification ................................................................................................... 44
10.8.2 Identification of subracks and printed board assemblies ................................................ 44
10.8.3 Mounting position of subracks and printed board assemblies ........................................ 44
10.8.4 Fuse and battery identification ........................................................................................ 44
10.9 Mounting ............................................................................................................................. 44
10.10 Cooling and ventilation ....................................................................................................... 45
10.11 Materials and finishes ......................................................................................................... 45
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10.12 Reworking, modification and repair of electronic assemblies ............................................ 45

11 Safety ........................................................................................................................................ 45
11.1 General ............................................................................................................................... 45
11.2 Requirements ..................................................................................................................... 45
11.3 Fire behaviour requirements .............................................................................................. 45
11.4 Functional safety ................................................................................................................ 46
11.5 Personnel safety ................................................................................................................. 46
12 Documentation ......................................................................................................................... 46
12.1 General ............................................................................................................................... 46
12.2 Supply and storage of documentation ................................................................................ 46
12.3 Datasheet ........................................................................................................................... 46
12.4 User manual ....................................................................................................................... 49
12.5 Equipment integration/installation documentation.............................................................. 49
12.6 Commissioning documentation .......................................................................................... 50
12.7 Design documentation ........................................................................................................ 50
12.7.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 50
12.7.2 Block diagrams ............................................................................................................... 51
12.7.3 Wiring diagrams .............................................................................................................. 51
12.7.4 Interface specification ..................................................................................................... 51
12.7.5 Internal interface specification ........................................................................................ 51
12.7.6 Equipment drawings ....................................................................................................... 51
12.7.7 Documentation – Hardware ............................................................................................ 51
12.7.8 Non repairable items list ................................................................................................. 52
12.7.9 Repair and Maintenance Documentation ....................................................................... 52
12.7.10 Documentation – Software .......................................................................................... 53
12.7.11 Documentation – System ............................................................................................ 54
13 Testing ...................................................................................................................................... 54
13.1 General ............................................................................................................................... 54
13.2 Categories of tests.............................................................................................................. 54
13.2.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 54
13.2.2 Type tests ....................................................................................................................... 55
13.2.3 Routine tests ................................................................................................................... 55
13.2.4 Investigation tests ........................................................................................................... 55
13.3 Tests summary ................................................................................................................... 55
13.4 Test specification ................................................................................................................ 56
13.4.1 Visual inspection ............................................................................................................. 56
13.4.2 Performance test............................................................................................................. 56
13.4.3 Power supply test............................................................................................................ 57
13.4.4 Low temperature start-up test ......................................................................................... 60
13.4.5 Dry heat test.................................................................................................................... 61
13.4.6 Low temperature storage test ......................................................................................... 64
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13.4.7 Cyclic damp heat test ..................................................................................................... 65

13.4.8 Electromagnetic compatibility test .................................................................................. 67
13.4.9 Insulation test .................................................................................................................. 67
13.4.10 Salt mist test ................................................................................................................ 68
13.4.11 Vibration and shock test .............................................................................................. 69
13.4.12 Enclosure protection test (IP code) ............................................................................. 69
13.4.13 Stress screening test ................................................................................................... 70
13.4.14 Rapid Temperature variation test ................................................................................ 70
Annex A (informative) List of default requirements of EN 50155 and related clauses ................ 71
Annex B (informative) Testing approach .......................................................................................... 72
B.1 General................................................................................................................................... 72
B.2 Situation of applicability.......................................................................................................... 72
B.3 General methodology ............................................................................................................. 72
B.4 Equipment Specific Methodology........................................................................................... 74
B.5 Equipment integration design review ..................................................................................... 74
B.6 Equipment integration type test ............................................................................................. 74
B.7 Equipment installation design review ..................................................................................... 74
B.8 Equipment installation type test ............................................................................................. 75
B.9 Equipment installation routine test ......................................................................................... 75
B.10 Equipment periodic re-verification ...................................................................................... 75
B.11 Replacement of items and ancillary components ............................................................... 75
Annex C (informative) Severity of the service conditions in different rolling stock locations ... 76
C.1 General................................................................................................................................... 76
C.2 Severity of service conditions in different rolling stock types ................................................. 76
C.3 Intended use of rolling stock .................................................................................................. 76
C.4 Location of equipment on board rolling stock ........................................................................ 76
C.5 Severity of the service conditions in different rolling stock locations ..................................... 78
Annex D (informative) Example of test report compliance summary ............................................ 80
Annex E (informative) Life cycle model examples — Programmable component life cycle
example ............................................................................................................................................... 82
Annex F (informative) Design guidelines for electronic hardware used on board of rolling stock
.............................................................................................................................................................. 83
F.1 Purpose of this annex ............................................................................................................ 83
F.2 Design Rules .......................................................................................................................... 83
F.2.1 Pollutants ........................................................................................................................ 83
F.2.2 Methods against ageing regarding energetic transient pulses ....................................... 83
F.2.3 Capacitor to ground/earth ............................................................................................... 84
F.2.4 Inside cabling for equipment ........................................................................................... 84
F.2.5 Earthing configuration ..................................................................................................... 84
F.2.6 Prototype testing ............................................................................................................. 85
F.2.7 Interfacing ....................................................................................................................... 85
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F.2.8 Solder joint on PBA ......................................................................................................... 85

F.2.9 Derating .......................................................................................................................... 85
Annex G (informative) Non-railway designed electronic equipment ............................................. 96
Annex H (informative) Paragraphs with Agreements between the involved Parties ................... 98
Annex ZZ (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC ..................................................................................... 102
Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................... 104
Tables
Table 1 — Operating temperature classes....................................................................................... 22
Table 2 — Switch-on extended Operating temperature classes ................................................... 22
Table 3 — Temperature variation classes ........................................................................................ 23
Table 4 — Continuous Voltage range ............................................................................................... 25
Table 5 — Fluctuation Voltage ranges ............................................................................................. 25
Table 6 — Interruption voltage supply classes ............................................................................... 27
Table 7 — Maximum Peak to Peak Voltages with a DC Ripple Factor of 5 % .............................. 28
Table 8 — Supply change-over classes ........................................................................................... 28
Table 9 — Useful life classes ............................................................................................................ 32
Table 10 — Protective coating classes ............................................................................................ 43
Table 11 — List of required documentation according to the class ............................................. 52
Table 12 — List of tests ..................................................................................................................... 56
Table 13 — Interruptions of voltage supply classes ...................................................................... 59
Table 14 — Test voltages of voltage withstand test ....................................................................... 68
Table A.1 — Default requirements .................................................................................................... 71
Table C.1 — Example of typical equipment locations on board rolling stock ............................. 77
Table C.2 — Minimum severity of service conditions in different rolling stock locations ......... 78
Table D.1 — Test report compliance summary ............................................................................... 80
Table F.1 — Type and concentration of pollutants ......................................................................... 83
Table F.2 — Derating factor ............................................................................................................... 86
Table ZZ.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard, the TSI “Locomotives and
Passenger Rolling Stock” (REGULATION (EU) No 1302/2014 of 18 November 2014) and
Directive 2008/57/EC ........................................................................................................................ 102
Table ZZ.2 — Correspondence between this European Standard, the CCS TSI (COMMISSION
REGULATION (EU) 2016/919 of 27 May 2016) and Directive 2008/57/EC .................................... 103
Figures
Figure 1 — Roles and relationship of user and/or supplier ........................................................... 11
Figure 2 — DC Power supply voltage range .................................................................................... 25
Figure 3 — Temporary DC power supply voltage fluctuation requirements ................................ 26
Figure 4 — Styles of Test Plans ........................................................................................................ 31
Figure 5 — System interfacing with the typical EMC-areas A, B and C ....................................... 36
Figure 6 — Temporary supply overvoltages (a) .............................................................................. 57
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Figure 7 — Temporary supply overvoltages (b) .............................................................................. 58

Figure 8 — Temporary supply dips .................................................................................................. 58
Figure 9 — Interruption of supply voltage ....................................................................................... 59
Figure 10 — Supply change-over Class C1 ..................................................................................... 60
Figure 11 — Supply change-over Class C2 ..................................................................................... 60
Figure 12 — Low temperature start-up test ..................................................................................... 61
Figure 13 — Dry heat thermal test — Cycle A ................................................................................. 62
Figure 14 — Dry heat thermal test — Cycle B ................................................................................. 63
Figure 15 — Dry heat thermal test — Cycle C ................................................................................. 64
Figure 16 — Cyclic damp heat test: Description of the first 24-h cycle ....................................... 65
Figure 17 — Cyclic damp heat test: Recovery period .................................................................... 66
Figure B.1 — Testing stages ............................................................................................................. 74
Figure C.1 — Typical equipment locations on board rolling stock ............................................... 76
Figure C.2 — Integration of the equipment into the vehicle cabinet ............................................ 79
Figure E.1 — Programmable component life cycle example ......................................................... 82
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EN 50155:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 50155:2017) has been prepared by CLC/SC 9XB, “Electrical, electronic and
electromechanical material on board rolling stock, including associated software”.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has (dop) 2018-04-13

to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2020-10-13
standards conflicting with this document
have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 50155:2007.
EN 50155:2017 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 50155:2007:
a) revision of Clause 1, Scope;
b) revision of Clause 2, Normative references;
c) revision of Clause 3, Terms, definitions and abbreviations, with reorganisation of subclauses;
d) improvement of Clause 4, General requirements, in terms of better wording, requirement

expansion and reorganisation of subclauses;
e) revision of Clause 5, Electrical service conditions, with reorganisation of subclauses;
f) improvement of Clause 6, Reliability, maintainability and expected useful life, with reorganization
of subclauses and introduction of explicative figures;
g) revision of Clause 7, Design;
h) introduction of a new Clause 8, Non-railway designed electronic equipment;
i) renumbering of previous Clause 8 to Clause 9, Components, and revision;
j) renumbering of previous Clause 9 to Clause 10, Construction, and introduction of new

requirements;
k) renumbering of previous Clause 10 to Clause 11, Safety, and improving of the wording;
l) renumbering of previous Clause 11 to Clause 12, Documentation, and introduction of new

requirements also considering new technologies;
m) renumbering of previous Clause 12 to Clause 13, Testing, text improvement with a particular
attention to table “List of tests” and introduction of explaining figures;
n) introduction of the following informative Annexes:
1) Annex A - List of default requirements of EN 50155 and related clauses;
2) Annex B - Testing approach;
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3) Annex C - Severity of the service conditions in different rolling stock locations;
4) Annex D - Example of test report compliance summary;
5) Annex E - Life cycle model examples;
6) Annex F - Design guidelines for electronic hardware used on board of rolling stock;
7) Annex G - Non-railway designed electronic equipment;
o) Bibliography (extended and corrected).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s).
For the relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC amended by Commission Directive 2011/18/EU,
see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part of this document.
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EN 50155:2017 (E)
Introduction
This standard is applied in the design, manufacturing, testing of any electronic equipment installed on
board rolling stock.
It also describes the electrical and environmental operating conditions.
There are not correlations between the operating temperature classes listed in Table 1 and the air
temperature classes listed in EN 50125-1:2014, Table 2.
The aim of this standard is not to be a detailed guideline for the design of the electronic equipment;
the design is made under the responsibility of the supplier. The supplier should take into account the
requirements resulting from the specific location of the on board installation (see Annex C).
This standard contains the design, the documentation and the testing requirements.
The roles of user and/or supplier are shown in Figure 1 below.
SUPPLIER
USER
Railway
Manufacturer undertaking
Integrator
Purchaser Train staff
Maintainer
Figure 1 — Roles and relationship of user and/or supplier
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1 Scope
This European Standard applies to all electronic equipment for control, regulation, protection,
diagnostic, energy supply, etc. installed on rail vehicles.
For the purpose of this European Standard, electronic equipment is defined as equipment mainly
composed of semiconductor devices and recognized associated components. These components will
mainly be mounted on printed boards.
Sensors (current, voltage, speed, etc.) and Semiconductor drive unit (SDU) for power electronic
devices are covered by this standard. Complete Semiconductor drive unit (SDU) and power
converters are covered by EN 61287-1.
This European Standard covers the conditions of operation, design requirements, documentation, and
testing of electronic equipment, as well as basic hardware and software requirements considered
necessary for compliant and reliable equipment.
Specific requirements related to practices necessary to ensure defined levels of functional safety will
be determined in accordance with relevant railway safety standards.
The software requirements for on board railway equipment are specified by EN 50657.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 45545 (all parts), Railway applications — Fire protection on railway vehicles
EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015, Railway applications — Fire protection on railway vehicles — Part 2:

Requirements for fire behaviour of materials and components
EN 50121-3-2:2016, Railway applications — Electromagnetic compatibility — Part 3-2: Rolling stock -

Apparatus
EN 50124-1:2017, Railway applications — Insulation coordination — Part 1: Basic requirements -

Clearances and creepage distances for all electrical and electronic equipment
EN 50125-1:2014, Railway applications — Environmental conditions for equipment — Part 1: Rolling

stock and on-board equipment
EN 50126-1:2017, Railway Applications — The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability,

Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) — Part 1: Generic RAMS Process
EN 50153:2014, Railway applications — Rolling stock — Protective provisions relating to electrical

hazards
EN 50163:2004, Railway applications — Supply voltages of traction systems (IEC 60850:2000, not
equivalent)
EN 50657:2017, Railway applications — Rolling stock applications — Software onboard of rolling

stock
EN 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-1: Tests — Test A: Cold (IEC 60068-2-1:2007)
EN 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-2: Tests — Test B: Dry heat (IEC 60068-2-
2:2007)
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EN 60068-2-11:1999, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests — Test Ka: Salt mist (IEC 60068-2-
11:1981)
EN 60068-2-30:2005, Environmental testing — Part 2-30: Tests — Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h +
12 h cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30:2005)
EN 60297 (all parts), Mechanical structures for electrical and electronic equipment — Dimensions of
mechanical structures of the 482,6 mm (19 in) series (IEC 60297 series)
EN 60352-1:1997, Solderless connections — Part 1: Wrapped connections — General requirements,

test methods and practical guidance (IEC 60352-1:1997)
EN 60352-2:2006, Solderless connections — Part 2: Crimped connections — General requirements,

test methods and practical guidance (IEC 60352-2:2004)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 61249-2-7:2001, Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures — Part 2-7:
Reinforced base materials, clad and unclad — Epoxide woven E-glass laminated sheet of defined
flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad (IEC 61249-2-7:2002)
EN 61249-2-22:2005, Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures — Part 2-22:
Reinforced base materials, clad and unclad — Modified non-halogenated epoxide woven E-glass
laminated sheets of defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad (IEC 61249-2-22:2003)
EN 61373:2010, Railway applications — Rolling stock equipment — Shock and vibration tests
(IEC 61373:2010)
EN 62326 (all parts), Printed boards (IEC 62326 series)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of
human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
ISO/IEC 90003, Software engineering — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2008 to computer
software
ISO/IEC/IEEE 15289:2017, Systems and software engineering — Content of life-cycle information

items (documentation)
IPC-A-600 (H):2010, Acceptability of Printed Boards
IPC-A-610 (E):2010, Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies
IPC-2220:2010 series, Family of Design Documents
IPC-2221 (B):2012, Generic Standard on Printed Board Design
IPC-2222 (A):2010, Sectional Design Standard for Rigid Organic Printed Boards
IPC-2223 (C):2011, Sectional Design Standard for Flexible Printed Boards
IPC-2581 (B):2013, Generic Requirements for Printed Board Assembly Products Manufacturing
Description Data and Transfer Methodology
IPC-4101 (D):2014, Specification for Base Materials for Rigid and Multilayer Printed Boards
IPC-6013 (C):2013, Qualification and Performance Specification for Flexible Printed Boards
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IPC-7711B/7721B:2007, Rework, Modification and Repair of Electronic Assemblies
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
printed boards
base materials which are cut to size containing all required holes and bearing at least one conductive
pattern, and which are typically subdivided according to:
• their structure (e.g. single and double sided, multilayers);
• the nature of the base material (e.g. rigid, flexible)
[SOURCE: IEV ref.541-01-03, modified — The definition was grammatically modified.]
3.1.2
printed board assembly
printed board with electrical and mechanical components and/or other printed boards attached to it
with all manufacturing processes, soldering, coating, etc., completed
3.1.3
operating temperature
temperature range in which the electronic equipment will operate (e.g. cubicle temperature, rack
temperature, roof box temperature) in full conformity with his performance criteria, and outside which
there can be temporary or permanent degradation of the equipment performances
3.1.4
plug-in unit
unit which plugs into a subrack and is supported by guides
Note 1 to entry: Plug-in units can be of various types, ranging from a printed board with components inserted,
to a frame or box-type unit designed with a plug-in connection.
[SOURCE: IEV ref 581-25-04]
3.1.5
subrack
structural unit for housing printed boards with components inserted, and plug-in units
3.1.6
rack
free-standing or fixed structure for housing electrical and electronic equipment
3.1.7
cubicle
enclosure for housing electrical and/or electronic equipment
3.1.8
line replaceable unit
modular component that is designed to be removed and replaced at the field level to restore the
system to an operational ready condition
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3.1.9
performance test
test in which the equipment is stimulated and measured to verify the conformance to the specified
functional requirements, and which will verify all functionalities
Note 1 to entry: The performance test is carried out according to the Performance test specification and
Performance test procedure provided by the supplier.
3.1.10
operational check
tailored performance test which is carried out during and/or after environmental tests or stress
screening sufficient to prove that the equipment is within its operational limits, and that it has survived
the environmental/stress screening test
Note 1 to entry: Every environmental test or stress screening can use a different operational check.
Note 2 to entry: Operational checks are carried out according to Operational check specifications and
Operational check procedures provided by the supplier.
3.1.11
system voltage supply
voltage supply used to power the electronic equipment
3.1.12
vehicle wiring
all wiring which can be connected to the system voltage supply, wherever located, and all other wiring
external to the electronic equipment under consideration
3.1.13
supply overvoltage
electrical disturbance to the control system voltage supply (e.g. caused by equipment controlling that
supply, load drop)
Note 1 to entry: A supply overvoltage will occur as an increase in the level of the control system voltage supply.
3.1.14
energetic transient pulses
non-periodic and relatively short positive or negative (or both) rapid change(s) of voltage and/or
current between two steady states
3.1.15
failure
termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function
Note 1 to entry: “Failure” is an event, as distinguished from “fault”, which is a state.
Note 2 to entry: Attention is drawn to the possibility of a consequential failure of a second item of equipment
resulting from a temporary malfunction of an item of equipment connected to it.
Note 3 to entry: A temporary malfunction will not be considered as a failure provided that the equipment
recovers normal operation automatically following malfunction.
3.1.16
damage
change in visual appearance or alteration of electrical or mechanical integrity
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3.1.17
useful life
useful life, <of an item>
time interval, from first use until user requirements are no longer met, due to economics of operation
and maintenance, or obsolescence
Note 1 to entry: In this context, “first use” excludes testing activities prior to hand-over of the item to the end-
user.
[SOURCE: IEV 192-02-27]
Note 2 to entry: For a repairable item the individual useful life may be ended by a failure which is not
considered as repairable for any reason.
3.1.18
fault
state of an item characterized by its inability to perform a required function
Note 1 to entry: A fault is often the result of a failure of the item itself, but may exist without prior failure (e.g. in
the case of a design fault).
3.1.19
performance criteria
performance specification for the operation of the electronic equipment throughout the environmental
test conditions stated in this standard
3.1.20
minimum performance level
defined level of deviation from normal operation
3.1.21
user
person or organization that receives and specifies equipment or software for further use, and that can
be:
• a system integrator in relationship to the manufacturer;
• a purchaser;
• a maintainer;
• a railway undertaking
3.1.22
manufacturer
party who develops and manufactures the electronic equipment
3.1.23
system integrator
party who is responsible for the specification and/or the integration of the electronic equipment into
the railway vehicle or vehicle component
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3.1.24
system
set of interrelated elements considered in a defined context as a whole and separated from their
environment
[SOURCE: IEV ref.351-42-08, modified — The original Notes to the definition have not been
reproduced here.]
3.1.25
equipment
single apparatus or set of devices or apparatuses, or the set of main devices of an installation, or all
devices necessary to perform a specific task
[SOURCE: IEV ref.151-11-25, modified — The original Note to the definition has not been reproduced
here.]
3.1.26
apparatus
device or assembly of devices which can be used as an independent unit for specific functions
Note 1 to entry: In English, the term “apparatus” sometimes implies use by skilled persons for professional
purposes.
[SOURCE: IEV ref.151-11-22]
3.1.27
component
constituent part of a device which cannot be physically divided into smaller parts without losing its
particular function
3.1.28
device
material element or assembly of such elements intended to perform a required function
Note 1 to entry: A device may form part of a larger device.
3.1.29
item
part, component, device, subsystem, functional unit, equipment or system that can be individually
considered
Note 1 to entry: An item may consist of hardware, software or both, and may also in particular cases, include
people.
[SOURCE: IEV ref.192-01-01, modified — The definition itself and the Note have been made more
precise and the other Notes in the original definition have not been reproduced here.]
3.1.30
event
something that occurs in a certain place during a particular interval of time
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3.1.31
supplier
organization which has the responsibility for the supply of individual item of equipment or groups of
the equipment to the user, and which can be:
• a manufacturer;
• a system integrator in relation to railway undertaking or maintainer
3.1.32
performance classes
classification applied to an electronic equipment and specifying different performance levels for a
performance requirement
3.1.33
commercial off-the-shelf equipment/components
item purchased from a supplier’s catalogue, available on the domestic and foreign market, according
to a supplier reference, and for which the user has no control over the design definition or on the
production
Note 1 to entry: This item may be modified; the manufacturing discontinued or may no longer be maintained
without the user being notified and has no right to be so. A single supplier or multiple suppliers may exist for the
same item.
3.1.34
equipotential area
area of electronic components/equipment and electric connections referenced to the same potential
and without insulation between the components
3.1.35
performance specification
document that specifies the functions that a system or component is to perform (often part of a
requirements specification)
3.1.36
DC ripple factor
ratio of half the difference between the maximum and minimum value of a pulsating direct current to
the mean value of this current
Note 1 to entry: With low values of the DC ripple factor this quantity is approximately equal to the ratio of the
difference to the sum of the maximum and the minimum values.
[SOURCE: IEV 551-17-29]
3.1.37
Extra Low Voltage (ELV) circuit
secondary circuit with voltages between any two conductors of the circuit, and between any one such
conductor and earth, not exceeding 25 V AC or 60 V DC, under normal operating conditions, which is
separated from hazardous voltage by basic insulation
Note 1 to entry: The values 25 V AC and 60 V DC are taken from band I of EN 50153.
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3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
AC Alternating Current
ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit,
ATE Automatic Test Equipment
CAN Controller Area Network bus
CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio
CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device
CPU Central Processing Unit
CTR Current Transfer Ratio
DC Direct Current
ELV Extra Low Voltage
EMC Electromagnetic compatibility
EN European Standard (Norm)
ESD Electrostatic discharge
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
GBWP Gain–bandwidth product
HR Relative Humidity
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEV International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
I/O Input Output
IP code International Protection Code
IPC Association Connecting Electronics Industries
LED Light Emitting Diode
LRU Line Replaceable Unit
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
MTTR Mean Time To Repair
MVB Multifunction Vehicle Bus
NA Not Applicable
PBA Printed Board Assembly
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PLD Programmable Logic Device
PoE Power over Ethernet
PPS Polyphenylene sulfide
PTE Portable Test Equipment
RAMS Reliability Availability Maintainability Safety
REACH Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals
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RF Radio Frequency
rms Root Mean Square (value of a quantity)
RoHS Restriction of the Use of Hazardous Substances
SOT Select On Test
TCMS Train Control and Monitoring System
TFT Thin-Film-Transistor
TTL Transistor-Transistor Logic
TVS Transient Voltage Suppressor
UV Ultraviolet
4 General requirements
4.1 Performance requirements
The electronic equipment performance requirements (e.g. functional, electrical, mechanical,

appearance, interfaces) shall be defined.
The standard specifies a set of default performance classes of requirements; different classes may be
requested at tender stage.
4.2 Performance criteria
4.2.1 General
The normal performance level of the electronic equipment may be replaced by a permissible loss of
performance. In the text below if performance criteria A, B or C are used in Clauses 4 to 12 the word
“test” shall be replaced by “event”.
The minimum performance level shall be defined.
If the minimum performance level or the permissible loss of performance is not specified by the
supplier, either of these may be derived from the product description and documentation and what the
user may reasonably expect from the apparatus if used as intended.
No damage to any connected equipment is allowed when the electronic equipment does not operate
as intended during or after the test. Possible causes of failure are incorrect timing of output signals,
overvoltage outside specifications, etc.
4.2.2 Performance criterion A
The apparatus shall continue to operate as intended during and after the test/event. No degradation
of performance or loss of function is allowed.
Changes of actual operating state or stored data are not allowed.
If agreed between the involved parties, the normal performance level (all functions are working as
specified) can be replaced by a minimum performance level.
4.2.3 Performance criterion B
The apparatus shall continue to operate as intended after the test/event.

During the test/event, degradation of performance is however allowed.
Changes of actual operating state or stored data are not allowed.
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4.2.4 Performance criterion C
During the test/event temporary loss of function is allowed. The equipment could:
• automatically restart. The normal performance shall be obtained within a maximum defined time.
After this time the equipment shall retain the previous operating state and shall work as intended.
The loss of significant data is not allowed; or
• manually restart or process controlled restart. In this case this shall be agreed between user and
supplier and/or clearly defined in the user manual. In this case the user manual shall be available
to the user at the tender stage.
NOTE Significant stored data are application dependent and stated into the Performance specifications.
4.3 Environmental service conditions
4.3.1 Altitude
The altitude at which the equipment is normally to function does not exceed the values called for in
EN 50125-1:2014, Table 1 “Classes of altitude range”. In case of required altitude above the
EN 50125-1:2014, Table 1 class A1, compliance with the requirements shall be agreed between the
involved parties.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of EN 50125-1:2014, Table 1 class A1 apply.
4.3.2 Operating temperature
Electronic equipment shall be designed and manufactured to meet the full performance specification
requirement for the selected temperature classes as stated in Table 1.
The supplier of the electronic equipment shall specify its power dissipation and the thermal integration
constraints (e.g. natural convection cooling, forced air cooling, cooled plate, mounting position, free
space inside integration volume, preheating, air outlet) to respect a correct integration of this
electronic equipment into their operating environment.
The user of the electronic equipment shall respect the thermal integration constraints specified by the
supplier and shall design the integration environment in order to ensure an operational temperature
compliant with the operational temperature class of the integrated electronic equipment.
The requirements for active or assisted cooling system shall be described according to
Subclause 12.5 Equipment integration/installation documentation
“Electronic equipment” and “Integration environment” are generic designations applicable to several
levels; some examples are listed below:
• an “Enclosed” or “Open frame” complex component integrated on a PCB;
• a “Single electronic board” or a “Plug-In unit” integrated into a “Sub-rack”;
• a “Single electronic board” integrated into an “Enclosure”;
• a “Sub-rack” integrated into a “Cubicle” or “Cabinet” or “Case”;
• a “Rack” or a “Case” integrated into a “Vehicle”.
The ambient temperatures outside vehicle are defined into the EN 50125-1:2014, Table 2, column 1.
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Table 1 — Operating temperature classes
Equipment operating
Class
temperature range (°C)
OT1 –25 to +55
OT2 –40 to +55
OT3 –25 to +70
OT4 –40 to +70
OT5 –25 to +85
OT6 –40 to +85
Class OT5 and OT6 cannot be used as a general specification for temperature in vehicle requirement
(e.g. can be used for Semiconductor Drive Unit (SDU), combustion engine control unit).
Temperature classes OT1 and OT2 should be used for passenger compartments and driver’s cab
with a reference permanent temperature of 25 °C for which the effects on the material ageing are
equivalent to those of the climatic temperature during lifetime. OT3 and OT4 should be used for
equipment in technical cabinet with a reference permanent temperature of 45 °C for which the effects
on the material ageing are equivalent to those of the climatic temperature during lifetime.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of category OT3 apply.
4.3.3 Switch-on extended operating temperature
The design shall take into account temperature rises within cubicles to ensure that the components
do not exceed their specified temperature ratings. For example, it is expected, that the air
temperature surrounding the individual printed boards rises about 15 °C (this temperature rise
depends significantly on the power dissipation of the board itself and on the power dissipation of other
boards in the vicinity of it, on the natural or forced air flow, etc.). This shall be taken into account for
the design of the PBA, particularly when individual PBA’s are intended to be horizontally or vertically
juxtaposed or when sub-racks containing the PBAs are superposed.
The supplier should take into account the requirements resulting from the specific on board
installation (see Annex C).
In some special cases (e.g. cubicle, effect of sun, assisting cooling system shutdown) an extra
operational check at the equipment switched on at short-term thermal conditions is carried out
according to the classes ST1 or ST2 of Table 2.
Table 2 — Switch-on extended Operating temperature classes
Switch-on extended Thermal test

Class operating temperature cycle
(duration: 10 min) See 13.4.5
ST0 No switch-on extended operating temperature Test cycle A

ST1 OTx +15 °C Test cycle B
ST2 OTx +15 °C Test cycle C
NOTE “OTx +15 °C” corresponds to (maximum temperature of “OTx” operating temperature range of
Table 1) + (15 °C) and only for “OTx” with "x" = 1, 2, 3 or 4.
Class ST1 and ST2 do not apply to classes OT5 and OT6.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of class ST1 apply.
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4.3.4 Rapid temperature variations
Special operation conditions as rapid temperature variations during train running through tunnels shall
be taken into account.
The temperature variation seen by the equipment depends on installation location (see Table C.1;
locations 4, 5, 6, 7 are particularly exposed).
The following classes are defined for the equipment and they define the requirements that the
equipment shall fulfil:
Table 3 — Temperature variation classes
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3
Cold air Hot air Temperature

Class
temperature temperature gradient
surrounding the surrounding the °C/s
equipment equipment
H1 No requirements No requirements No requirements
−25 °C 15 °C / 95 %RH ±3
H2
10 °C 40 °C / 60 %RH ±3
NOTE The H2 class take into account the situation of a vehicle entering into a tunnel from low temperature
environment (from −25°C to 15°C) or exiting from a tunnel into a hot and wet environment (from 10°C to 40°C).
Condensation phenomena occur in both cases.
The values given in Table 3, Class H2 are worst case values which will typically not occur regularly
throughout the year. Both directions of the rapid temperature change shall be taken into account.
Class H2 cannot be used as a general specification for temperature and humidity change in vehicle
requirements (e.g. can be used for equipment mounted outside vehicle body).
If class H2 is specified the duration of column 1 and column 2 shall be specified (typical and worst
case).
Furthermore, the frequency of occurrence of the rapid temperature change shall be specified.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of class H1 apply.
4.3.5 Shock and vibration
The equipment shall be able to withstand, without deterioration or malfunction, vibrations and shocks
that occur in service.
The level of shock and vibration that the equipment can withstand in normal operation shall be
specified. This shall be done using the Categories and Classes as specified by EN 61373. The
supplier shall specify the permitted orientation for mounting the equipment on the vehicle according to
the definitions of EN 61373.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of EN 61373 category 1 class B apply.
4.3.6 Electromagnetic compatibility
All electronic equipment shall comply with EN 50121-3-2.

4.3.7 Relative humidity
Electronic equipment shall be designed for the humidity conditions described in EN 50125-1.
The external humidity levels and time periods to consider are specified by the EN 50125-1.
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NOTE The temperature class to apply, in relation with the psychometric charts of EN 50125–1, is the class
of air temperatures as defined in EN 50125–1:2014, Table 2.
The service condition (e.g. pollution degree of EN 50124-1) shall be taken into account in order to
avoid malfunction or failure due to condensation (see Annex C).
4.4 Special service conditions
4.4.1 General
Special arrangements shall be agreed between the appropriate parties involved when service
conditions can be proved to be different from those mentioned in Subclause 4.3 (e.g. electronic
equipment mounted on the bogie or integrated within a power converter, etc.). Checks for the
effectiveness of such arrangements can, if required, form the subject of optional type tests which can
be carried out on the vehicle itself in accordance with methods to be agreed between the involved
parties.
4.4.2 Atmospheric pollutants
The equipment may be expected to be exposed throughout its life to various pollutants (e.g. oil mist,
salt spray, conductive dust, sulfur dioxide.). The types of pollutants, their concentration, test
procedures and test specifications should be defined in the tender documents.
5 Electrical service conditions
5.1 Power supply
5.1.1 DC Supply
5.1.1.1 General
The nominal voltage of equipment (Un) shall be selected from amongst the following values:
24 V, 28 V, 36 V, 48 V, 72 V, 96 V, 110 V
The recommended values are the following: 24 V, 72 V, 110 V.
These nominal voltage values are given only as standardizing values for the design of equipment.
They should not be considered as the off load battery voltages since these are determined by the
types of battery, the number of cells and the operating conditions.
The supply may be derived from a vehicle battery. The battery may be charged from battery chargers,
auxiliary inverters and motor-alternator or motor-generator sets with associated electronic regulations.
The grouping of power supply nominal voltage ranges is allowed for equipment designed to be
compliant with a wide input voltage range.
In this case, the principle (for performance and power supply type test compliance) is to consider the
most stringent values in the voltage range; it means that the minimum continuous voltage shall be
0,7 Un the lowest nominal power supply voltage and that the maximum continuous voltage shall be
1,25 Un the highest nominal power supply voltage (i.e. an equipment can be designed to be compliant
with the nominal power supply voltages of 24 V up to 48 V; the minimum continuous voltage to
consider is 0,7 × 24V and the maximum continuous voltages to consider (1,25 × 48) V). See Figure 2
for other example of “DC Power supply voltage range”.
For thermal compliance and EMC tests, the most stringent values in the voltage range shall be
considered.
For DC voltage supply fluctuation tests, the most stringent values in the voltage range shall be
considered (see Figure 3 for other example of “DC Power supply voltage fluctuation requirements”).
For the interruption of voltage supply the equipment shall be validated for the minimum nominal
power supply voltage for which he is designed for operation (i.e. for equipment designed to be
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operated with minimum power supply voltages of 24 V, 48 V, 72 V or 110 V the interruption of voltage
supply compliance test shall be performed at 24 V).
The grouping is not relevant for vibration and shock tests.
All requirements related to power supply (with possible exception for Subclause 5.1.1.4 and
Subclause 5.1.3) shall be applied to all I/O ports referenced to the power supply line.
5.1.1.2 DC power supply range
Electronic equipment shall operate satisfactorily for all the values of the DC power supply voltage
within the range defined in Table 4 measured at the terminals of the equipment, see also Figure 2.
In case of variation of the power supply voltage from zero to the maximum (e.g. intervention of circuit
breaker) the equipment shall neither fail, nor be the cause of failure of other equipment. The
equipment shall restart in normal operating mode when the power supply voltage is within the
continuous voltage range.
Table 4 — Continuous Voltage range
Nominal voltage Un Limits
Minimum continuous voltage: 0,7 Un
Maximum continuous voltage: 1,25 Un
Figure 2 — DC Power supply voltage range
It is permitted to group different DC power supply voltages.

5.1.1.3 Temporary DC power supply fluctuation
Electronic equipment shall operate for the values of the DC power supply voltage within the
fluctuation range defined in Table 5 measured at the terminals of the equipment, see also Figure 3.
Table 5 — Fluctuation Voltage ranges
Nominal voltage Un Limits
Minimum fluctuation voltage 0,6 Un
Maximum fluctuation voltage 1,4 Un
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Figure 3 — Temporary DC power supply voltage fluctuation requirements
Voltage fluctuation can be either positive (overvoltage) or negative (dips).

Temporary supply overvoltages lying between Un and 1,4 Un and not exceeding 0,1 s shall not cause
deviation of function (performance criterion A).
Temporary supply overvoltages lying between 1,25 Un and 1,4 Un and not exceeding 1 s shall fulfil
performance criterion B.
Temporary supply dips lying between Un down to 0,6 Un and not exceeding 0,1 s shall not cause
deviation of function (performance criterion A).
Temporary supply overvoltages shall be assumed to be generated with respect to the control system
voltage supply return potential and to be present only as an increase to the level of the control system
voltage, which shall be assumed to be present before and after the application of the overvoltage.
Overvoltage of opposite polarity to the control system voltage supply need not be considered.
Overvoltage exceeding in duration or amplitude the specified voltage fluctuation shall be assumed to
occur only in the case of a failure in the control system voltage supply.
Voltage dips are mainly caused by faults in the DC distribution system, or by sudden large changes of
load.
In the case of combustion engines, see also 5.1.1.5.
5.1.1.4 Interruptions of voltage supply
Due to a short circuit on a DC supply distribution line and subsequent operation of fuse/circuit
breakers, input voltage may reduce to 0 V for a short period.
The classes of interruptions on supply voltage, are listed in Table 6:
During a short interruption, the DC distribution system presents a “low impedance” (short circuit)
condition due to the clearing of an overload or fault condition on the supply bus. This condition can
cause reverse current (negative peak inrush current) from the load.
Regarding interruptions on supply voltage, there are three classes of interruption:
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Table 6 — Interruption voltage supply classes
Class Requirements
In case of voltage interruption, no performance criterion is requested but the

S1
equipment shall continue to operate as specified after the voltage interruption.
In case of voltage interruption up to 10 ms the equipment shall behave

S2
according to performance criterion A.
In case of voltage interruption up to 20 ms the equipment shall behave

S3
according to performance criterion A.
For a voltage interruption longer than specified in Table 6, the behaviour of the equipment shall be
agreed between the involved parties.
This classification is valid for nominal voltage.
The choice of class should be defined by the system integrator; unless otherwise specified, the
requirements of class S2 apply.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements for interruption of voltage supply apply to the power
supply input ports only; the behaviour of the I/O ports, not functionally associated to the power supply
of the equipment, but referenced to the same supply distribution line, shall be handled as described in
the specification of the equipment.
5.1.1.5 Variations of voltage supply for rolling stock powered by combustion engine
At start-up of combustion engines the voltage supply system shall be designed to guarantee the
supply to the essential electronic equipment during the whole starting sequence.
5.1.1.6 DC ripple factor
The DC ripple voltage, and frequency, on a DC supply is dependent on the type of power generator or
converter that produces the controlled DC supply. The DC ripple normally consists of a small AC
waveform superimposed on the DC supply once the generator or converter output has been rectified
and filtered. In practise there are three common ways to produce a stable DC supply as follows:
• rectified single phase AC (50 Hz or 60 Hz) that produces a DC ripple at frequencies of 100 Hz
and 120 Hz;
• rectified 3 phase AC (50 Hz or 60 Hz) that produces a DC ripple at frequencies of 300 Hz and
360 Hz;
• rectified inverter produced single phase AC (1 kHz and higher) that produces a DC ripple of twice
the inverter switching frequency, i.e. 2 kHz and higher.
A peak to peak ripple voltage that gives a DC ripple factor no greater than 5 % is shown in Table 7.
The formula to calculate the DC ripple factor is given below where Umax is the maximum voltage peak
at the nominal voltage (Un) and Umin is the minimum voltage peak at Un.
U max – U min U max – U min

DC Ripple Factor (%) = ×100 approximately ×100
2U n 2U max + U minU n
The equipment shall be able to work properly when its DC power supply has a periodic function ripple
with a peak to peak value stated in Table 7.
The supplier shall specify in the documentation the limits of the ripple with which the equipment will
operate normally.
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Table 7 — Maximum Peak to Peak Voltages with a DC Ripple Factor of 5 %
Maximum Peak to DC Ripple

Nominal Voltage Umax Umin
Peak ripple factor
(Un) (V) (V)
allowed (V) (%)
24 2,4 25,2 22,8 5%
36 3,6 37,8 34,2 5%
48 4,8 50,4 45,6 5%
72 7,2 75,6 68,4 5%
96 9,6 100,8 91,2 5%
110 11 115,5 104,5 5%
5.1.2 Supply by a specified source other than the main power source
In the case of equipment supplied by a specified source, not directly connected to the vehicles power
supply (e.g. stabilized DC-DC-converter, PoE) the specification of this local source (e.g. voltages,
currents, tolerances) shall be met.
Characteristics (e.g. range, fluctuation, ripple factor) of the output voltage of the stabilized supply and
input voltage of the equipment shall fit together.
The specification shall be agreed between the involved parties.
5.1.3 Supply change-over
When the equipment supply is switched between different sources (e.g. redundancy switching), the
equipment shall operate satisfactorily under the conditions stated in Subclauses 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2,
5.1.1.3, 5.1.1.6.
Table 8 — Supply change-over classes
Class Requirements
C1 at 0,6 Un duration 100 ms (without interruptions). Performance criterion A
C2 during a supply break of 30 ms starting at Un. Performance criterion B
The supply break is an open circuit and not a short circuit.

Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of class C1 apply.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements for interruption of voltage supply apply to the power
supply input ports only; the behaviour of the I/O ports, not functionally associated to the power supply
of the equipment, but referenced to the same supply distribution line, shall be handled as described in
the specification of the equipment.
5.1.4 Supply with overhead line or third rail
In the case of electronic equipment with a supply derived directly from the overhead line or third rail
(e.g. control electronics of a self-starting static converter), the equipment shall operate satisfactorily
(Performance Criterion A) for values of contact line voltage as described in EN 50163.
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5.2 Installation requirements
5.2.1 Power supply
The power supply to the electronic equipment should be provided by a separate conductor connected
as directly as possible to the source or the main battery line. The separated conductor should be used
only for the supply to electronic circuits.
Calculations for the battery cabling and current protection shall take into account the power
consumption and inrush current specified by the datasheet or by the Equipment Integration Manual.
If one pole of the battery of the vehicle is connected to the vehicle body, this shall be specified.
5.2.2 Thermal compatibility
The integration of the electronic equipment into its operational environment shall respect the thermal
integration constraints specified by the datasheet or by the Equipment Integration Manual and the
integration environment shall be designed in order to ensure an operational temperature compliant
with the operational temperature class of the integrated electronic equipment.
5.2.3 Electromagnetic compatibility
The installation of the electronic equipment shall be arranged to reduce, as far as possible, the effects
of electrical disturbances to the electronic equipment and as far as possible the effect of emissions by
the equipment to the electrical/electronic system of the rolling stock according to EN 50121-3-2.
The assembly of the equipment into the complete vehicle will give adequate immunity, provided that
an EMC plan has been prepared and implemented, taking into account the limits in EN 50121-3-2.
5.2.4 Cabling
The cabling to connect the equipment on the vehicle should be done according to EN 50343.
5.2.5 Installation instruction
The equipment integration/installation instruction shall contain the specific installation requirements,
(e.g. thermal requirements, handling, cable length).
5.2.6 Insulation
The insulation coordination requirements are defined in EN 50124-1. For voltage withstand test, the
minimum value of the test voltage shall be selected from Table 14.
6 Reliability, maintainability and expected useful life
6.1 Equipment reliability
6.1.1 Predicted reliability
Failure rate data of components are published in several well-known reliability handbooks. Usually the
data published are obtained from equipment in specific applications e.g. telephone exchanges. In
some cases the source of the data are unspecified and is not principally obtained from field data. Due
to this reason failure rate predictions often differ significantly from field observations and can often
lead to false consequences.
Failure rate predictions are based on the following assumptions (the list could be not fully
comprehensive):
• The prediction model uses a simple reliability series system of all components, in other words, a
failure of any component is assumed to lead to a system failure.
• Component failure rates needed for the prediction are assumed to be constant for the time period
considered. This is known to be realistic for electronic components after burn-in.
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• Component failures are independent.
• No distinction is made between complete failures and drift failures.
• Components are faultless and are used within their specifications.
• Design and manufacturing processes of the item under consideration are faultless.
• Process weaknesses have been eliminated, or if not, screened by burn-in.
Limitations of failure rate predictions are:

a) Provide only information whether reliability goals can be reached.
b) Results are dependent on the trustworthiness of failure rate data.
c) The assumption of constant component failure rates may not always be true. In such cases this
method can lead to pessimistic results.
d) Failure rate data may not exist for new component types.
e) In general redundancies cannot be modelled.
f) Other stresses can predominate and influence the reliability.
g) Improper design and process weaknesses can cause major deviations.
h) Different reliability calculation methods applied to the same circuit, although based on well-known
reliability handbooks, (e.g. IEC/TR 62380) can lead to completely different results.
However reliability prediction methods can be useful at design stage to compare different designs in
order to choose the design that probably will have the lowest failure rate.
The user can require from the supplier a reliability prediction calculation.
The user may require the manufacturer to predict his reliability figure or meet the user's reliability
target.
The method of calculation shall be agreed at the time of tendering between the manufacturer and the
user, and shall be in accordance with a recognized standard.
Failure rates used in the calculation can be either the failure rate from a supplier database or the
failure rate from a well-known reliability handbook.
The supplier shall provide to the user a reference mission profile and the information needed to
understand and to verify calculations.
The following list is an example of a reference mission profile:
i) environment: ground mobile;
j) average operating temperature: 45 °C;
NOTE For reliability calculation, the yearly average temperature is conventionally taken as 45 °C for all
classes (EN 50125–1).
k) average operating hours per day: 18 h;
l) ON/OFF cycles per day: 16;
m) average operating days per year: 350 d;
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n) stress derating design rules applied to the component types (see Annex F).
Reliability prediction results are never directly comparable with actual failure rates and cannot be
used to predict field failure rates.
6.1.2 Proof of reliability
The user may require the supplier to reach a target level for field reliability.
Demonstrations which are required to establish whether one or more reliability characteristic of the
equipment is better, or not, than a specified level, with some stated degree of confidence are
conducted on a sample of the series of a given system or type of equipment.
The pass/fail criteria for statistical tests are generally known as plans. Two styles of plans can be
applied:
• fixed time/failure test;
• sequential test.
Figure 4 — Styles of Test Plans
The Reliability Demonstration Plan shall be agreed between supplier and user.
The Reliability Demonstration Plan shall specify the following:
a) the reference mission profile;
b) the target reliability and availability;
c) monitoring and recording criteria;
d) acceptance-rejection criteria;
e) the maximum duration time;
f) the cumulative test duration;
g) numerosity of the specimen;
h) specimen insertion/cancellation criteria;
i) failure analysis criteria.
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The IEC 60605 series, Equipment reliability testing, can be used as a guide:
• IEC 60605-2, Part 2: Design of test cycles;
• IEC 60605-4, Part 4: Statistical procedures for exponential distribution — Point estimates,
confidence intervals, prediction intervals and tolerance intervals;
• IEC 60605-6, Part 6: Tests for the validity and estimation of the constant failure rate and constant
failure intensity.
To perform accelerated ageing test, EN 62506 can be used as a guide.

Example of implemented plans can be found in:
• MIL-HDBK-781A. dated 1 April – 1996 - US Department of Defence: Handbook for Reliability
Test Methods, Plans, and Environments for Engineering Development Qualification and
Production.
Other relevant standards:

• EN 61014;
• IEC 61070;
• IEC 61123;
• EN 61124;
• IEC/TR 62380.
Of greater importance is the assessment of RAMS data from the field (RAMS testing during
operation), e.g.:
• EN 60300-3-2;
• IEC 60300-3-5;
• IEC 60319.
The detailed reliability evaluation procedure shall be stated in the reliability evaluation plan.
6.2 Useful life
The useful life of the electronic equipment shall be specified according to one of the following classes:
Table 9 — Useful life classes
Life Class Useful Life (years)
L1 5
L2 10
L3 15
L4 20
LX As agreed by the involved parties
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Unless otherwise specified, the life class L4 applies.

When the supplier intends to use items with a known life shorter than the useful life of the electronic
equipment, this shall be declared by the supplier at the time of tendering and specified by the
documentation of the equipment.
6.3 Maintainability
6.3.1 General
Unless otherwise agreed the equipment should be designed such that regular periodic maintenance
is not necessary.
The presence of any non-repairable items in the equipment shall be declared in the equipment
documentation.
The supplier shall provide the maintenance requirements and the information on the life-cycle costs to
the user at the tender stage.
Printed board assemblies, and/or subracks and/or line replaceable units shall be capable of being
individually tested.
NOTE Maintenance processes such as ultrasonic cleaning, connecting of diagnostic test equipment,
electrical insulation testing, and transportation packaging arrangements, can reduce the equipment reliability
level, through additional stressing of the assembly and components.
6.3.2 Preventive Maintenance
Equipment should be designed such that regular periodic maintenance should not be necessary. If
this is not possible, then maintenance requirements shall be specified in the datasheet of the
equipment
6.3.3 Corrective Maintenance
6.3.3.1 On-vehicle diagnosis and repair
The user and the supplier shall agree on the line replaceable units (LRU). These units shall be
designed to be easily exchanged.
Equipment shall be designed such that a failed line replaceable unit can be identified by the use of
either suitable portable test equipment or built-in diagnostics, both with associated test instructions.
The supplier shall declare in the documentation of the equipment the necessary information to be
exchanged to allow the identification of the LRU as a result of on-vehicle fault diagnosis.
The supplier shall also declare in the documentation if any specialized tools are required in this
maintenance procedure.
Maintenance or diagnostic procedures at this level shall not require the removal or replacement of
any component of the Line Replaceable Unit.
6.3.3.2 Off-vehicle diagnosis and repair
Equipment shall be designed such that test equipment with associated test instructions shall enable
the full diagnosis and validation of performance of train-borne equipment in repair centres by qualified
personnel.
Repairable Equipment shall be constructed such that access necessary for diagnosis and repair can
be achieved without damage or undue disturbance to the components or wiring.
Repairable printed board assemblies shall have test facilities (e.g. test plugs, test pads, etc.) to aid
the diagnosis and repair process.
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6.4 Built-in diagnostics
Communication interface or indicators to assist diagnostic maintenance should be used where

appropriate, in order to provide status of input data, output data, main control functions, power
supplies, etc.
Self-test routines shall be capable of providing a clear indication of the operational status of the
equipment. Any built-in diagnostic facilities capable of exercising rather than monitoring the
equipment shall be suitably interlocked to prevent interruption of the normal operation of the
equipment other than under test conditions.
The use of extra components for built-in diagnostic facility shall be taken into account in the
calculation of the reliability prediction of the equipment.
6.5 Automatic test equipment
The user may require the use of a specific type of automatic test equipment for fault location either on
or off vehicle.
It is permitted to remove plug-in units which do not contribute to the function of the equipment to
facilitate the connection of Automatic Test Equipment.
If it is required, details of such test equipment and its interfacing with train-borne equipment or
equipment connector shall be provided by the user at the time of tendering.
6.6 Purpose built test equipment and special tools
The prior approval of the user shall be obtained regarding the use of items requiring tools other than
readily available industrial tools.
Where purpose built test equipment and/or special tools are required to carry out the user's formal
maintenance procedures, this equipment, or alternatively the manufacturing and procurement details
for it, shall be offered for sale by the manufacturer to the user.
Test equipment does not necessarily have to comply with this standard.
7 Design
7.1 General
7.1.1 Equipment
As electronic equipment can vary in dimension and complexity to perform a specific task, the supplier
shall ensure during the integration stages the requirements are fulfilled.
7.1.2 Quality management
The design shall follow a quality management system.

NOTE The quality management system could follow EN ISO 9001.
The design process shall be visible and auditable.

If the user requires details of this process for tender evaluation, it shall be defined in the tender
documents.
Particular attention is drawn to the implicit need for the use of quality management system for all
system, hardware, and software design to proceed according to clearly laid down functional and
interface specifications.
7.1.3 System Life-cycle
The design process shall follow a tailored life cycle model of EN 50126-1, which shall be laid down in
the quality plan, e.g. in Annex E.
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7.2 Detailed practices - Hardware
7.2.1 Insulation coordination
The user shall define the EN 50124-1 requirements at tender time.

Unless otherwise specified the pollution degree PD2 of the EN 50124-1 applies.
Unless otherwise specified by the user, only the tests in this standard are applied.
7.2.2 Interfacing
All interfaces shall be so implemented as to allow the equipment to meet its requirements in respect
of:
a) personnel safety;
b) potential differences;
c) electromagnetic compatibility.
and to control propagation of damage arising from external faults/failures.

The user may require galvanic isolation to meet the above. In this case the requirement and particular
areas for its application shall be declared at the tender stage.
An example of system interfacing with various EMC areas is given in Figure 5.
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Analog Outputs
Analog inputs Binary inputs
U/I
BS EN 50155:2017
Battery
Binary outputs
U Batt
Area C
Signal area protected Binary inputs

against EM interference
Speed (e.g. Subrack)
sensor
Area B
Peripheral electronic Binary outputs

area partly protected
against EM interference
(e.g.. cubicle, signals in
screened cables)
Area A
Vehicle bus
Areas inside the vehicle
with sources of major EM
interference (e.g. convertor/ Signal transformer with galvanic isolation
contactor compartments)
Signal transformer with EM interference suppression
Semiconductor Semiconductor
Drive Unit Drive Unit
status pulses
Figure 5 — System interfacing with the typical EMC-areas A, B and C
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7.2.3 Fault protection
Outgoing cables shall be rated to at least the current limit value of the protective device for that circuit.
Equipment shall be protected against external faults/failures (e.g. short circuit or open circuit
conditions) as appropriate.
Regulated power supply units for electronic equipment shall incorporate current limiting to minimize
the use of fuse elements.
If the equipment uses electromechanical relays and the contacts are provided as potential free and
not short-circuit protected; an external device to limit the current or an overcurrent protection should
be installed by the system integrator.
Where protective devices of the tripping type are incorporated in the output circuits, the available
current under short circuit/overload conditions shall be sufficient to operate them. In addition, devices
with manual resetting shall be easily accessible.
Any protective devices used shall be so arranged that the risk of fire within the equipment is
minimized.
7.2.4 Referencing power supplies
The output of galvanically isolated power supply units should not be allowed to float for EMC reasons.
When the outputs are not connected to the battery supply, then one of the supply rails should be
connected to the vehicle frame or a defined earth point.
The voltage bands of EN 50153 shall be taken into account.
This reference and the means of connection should be defined by the system integrator.
7.2.5 Interchangeability
Unless otherwise agreed, all individual printed board assemblies or LRU forming part of a system
shall be functionally complete and fully interchangeable with any other unit of the same functional
type without the need for any recalibration of the hardware after the board or LRU has been inserted
in the system.
7.2.6 Reduction of supply voltage and ON/OFF phases
The equipment shall not suffer damage, when the supply is, or falls, below the lowest limit of its
specified source voltage, irrespective of the rate at which the voltage changes.
In addition, the equipment shall not generate any spurious output which could lead to consequential
failure of any other equipment under these conditions including during power on/off phases.
7.2.7 Polarity reversal
To prevent any damage to the equipment, electrical or mechanical means shall be provided to ensure
protection against polarity reversal of the incoming power supply.
7.2.8 Inrush currents
The design of the equipment shall take account of inrush currents which may occur at the time of
switch-on, so that protective devices do not trip and no damage occurs. The inrush current of the
equipment shall be within the limits of the main circuit breaker according to the nominal current.
7.2.9 Energetic transient pulses
Experience shows that battery supply energetic transient pulses can occur that might cause ageing of
the components. A guideline how to cope is given in Annex F, F.2.2.
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7.2.10 Capacitance to ground/earth
To avoid failure or to avoid tripping of earth fault detection systems the total value of the capacitance
to earth shall be limited. A guideline how to cope is given in Annex F, F.2.3.
7.2.11 Spare capacity
If the user requires spare capacity (e.g. spare inputs, spare outputs, CPU loading, etc.) for system
expansion or changes during the equipment life-cycle, they shall specify this at the tender stage.
Compliance with these requirements shall be included in the design process.
Customer may request spare capacity for system expansion only when this capability has a high
probability to be used during the life of rolling stock (e.g. TCMS) and not when such expansion is
improbable (e.g. Battery charger computational power).
7.2.12 Programmable Component
The design development process of a programmable component shall follow a tailored life cycle
model of EN 50126-1, which shall be laid down in the quality plan, e.g. in Annex E.
7.3 Detailed practices - Software
7.3.1 General
The design process shall be visible and auditable according to EN 50657. If the user requires details
of this process for tender evaluation, he shall define this in the tender documents.
7.3.2 Life-cycle
Software design shall proceed according to a tailored life cycle model according to EN 50657 under
consideration of ISO/IEC 90003. The tailored life cycle model shall be laid down in the quality plan.
7.4 Features of software controlled equipment
7.4.1 General
Software controlled equipment, unless very simple, shall be constructed with the following features,
intended to provide operation under all conditions.
7.4.2 Self-test
The equipment should include a self-test function which verifies that the system is operational at each
initialization (e.g. memory checking, I/O test, configuration test, communication interfaces). As far as
possible in the event of self-test failing, diagnostic information shall be made available to indicate the
area of the fault. Where possible the system shall enter the recovery state.
7.4.3 Watchdog
The equipment/system shall include a watchdog function, to cause it to enter a recovery state in the
case of failure of the operational software (e.g. software entering an unintended loop due to abnormal
transient disturbances).
7.4.4 Failure indication
As far as possible, on detection of failure the processor shall record or indicate that such an event has
occurred. It shall then enter a recovery state.
7.4.5 Recovery
The equipment shall, as far as possible, recover from any fault or error state, into which it may be
forced, with the minimum disruption to its functions. This recovery may require the processor to re-
initialize. Where it is not safe or practicable to recover from this state, the supplier shall declare the
effect on the equipment.
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8 Non-railway designed electronic equipment
In some special cases (e.g. passenger entertainment, new technologies), it might be necessary to use
equipment that is not fully compliant with the requirements of this standard.
In such case, an agreement is necessary between the involved parties and Annex G provides a
guideline to handle the process of proof of applicability.
9 Components
9.1 General
The component documentation is delivered only under specific request of the user and is subject to a
contract agreement between supplier and user regarding the confidentiality and the rights of use of
those documents.
9.2 Procurement
All components shall comply with detailed specifications which define the component or functional
and physical parameters.
All components used shall have been manufactured according to a quality system.
NOTE The quality system might be compliant with the requirements of EN ISO 9001 or an equivalent quality
system.
The component specifications referenced above shall be in accordance with one of the standards or
documents listed below:
• EN or IEC specifications;
• other national or international standards or specifications;
• specification of the component manufacturer;
• specification of the equipment supplier;
• the components referenced above shall be in accordance with this standard.
Components with a multiple source of supply should be used. For the purpose of this standard,
“multiple sourcing” shall imply complete interchangeability in respect of fit and function according to
the specification.
Components to be used should be chosen on the basis of a high probability that further supplies will
be available for a time equivalent to the life of equipment. If, despite this precaution, certain
components should become unavailable during the period covered by the equipment supply contract,
the supplier of the electronic equipment shall provide an alternative solution.
Specialized components such as custom hybrid circuits and application specific integrated circuits
(ASIC), programmable components (FPGA, CPLD, etc.) refer to 12.7.7.3.
9.3 Application
All selected components shall be of such a grade as to be appropriate for use in the application, and
subject to the requirements (e.g. environment, quality, life expectancy, etc.) described in this
standard.
All components shall be used:
a) In accordance with the component manufacturer’s basic specifications;
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b) In such a manner as not to compromise the equipment life or performance; for this reason,
tolerances and ageing of components shall be taken in due consideration during the design
process and the decision shall be properly documented (varistors, transient voltage suppressor
diodes, fuses, electrolytic capacitors, relays, mechanical components, optocouplers, connectors,
etc.) and components shall not be used outside the recommended operating conditions stated by
their manufacturer;
c) In such a way that a percentage of logic gates inside of programmable components shall be
available for any future use.
The choice of temperature range, derating, packaging and screening, etc. of components is the
complete responsibility of the supplier.
If required by the user, the supplier shall demonstrate (e.g. by calculations or other applications), at
the time of tendering, that the equipment fulfils all the requirements given in this standard with
particular reference to reliability and the life of components as described in Clause 6. The life
expectancy of components shall not be less than the useful life of the equipment except for
components with a known life as defined in 6.2.
10 Construction
10.1 Equipment construction
10.1.1 General
Equipment shall comply with the constructional requirements specified by the following subclauses.
10.1.2 Mechanical protection
It shall be possible to lay on a flat surface all LRUs on any of their faces without causing mechanical
damage to any component. Where necessary, mechanical guards shall be fitted.
10.1.3 Polarization or coding
Where required by the user, all LRUs shall incorporate mechanical means of polarization or coding to
prevent incorrect insertion.
10.1.4 Dimensional requirements
The mechanical dimensions shall be stated in the documentation.

The dimensional requirements for racks, subracks, and plug-in units should comply with the
dimensional requirements of EN 60297-3-100; in such cases board sizes of 3U or 6U, and 160 mm or
220 mm length are preferred.
10.1.5 Sockets and edge connectors
There are two classes:

— Class K1: integrated circuit sockets and/or edge connectors are allowed
— Class K2: integrated circuit sockets and edge connectors are not allowed
Unless otherwise specified, the class K2 applies.

10.1.6 Cabling inside cubicles
The cabling inside cubicles should be done according EN 50343 as far as possible. Useful hints are
also available in Annex F.
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10.2 Component mounting
10.2.1 General
Electronic assembly (PBA) acceptability shall comply with IPC-A-610 class 2 minimum and shall
comply with constructional requirements from 10.2.2 to 10.2.6.
10.2.2 Layout
Components and parts of repairable equipment shall be located, secured and placed with respect to
each other and the structural items in order to be inspected, removed and replaced without damage
to other parts or wiring.
Wherever possible, the marking on the fitted component shall be visible.
Equipment shall not be designed to have components attached to wiring terminal blocks unless
adequate clamping or an auxiliary printed board assembly is provided and component identification is
preserved.
Heat dissipating components shall be mounted so that they will not cause damage to printed boards
or any other components.
10.2.3 Fixing
Components which do not have specific mechanical fixings, whose weight can through vibration
during the life of the equipment cause stress or damage to the soldered connections, shall be secured
to the printed board.
The method of securing shall be such that they can be replaced without damage to the printed board.
All components shall be mounted in accordance with the component manufacturer's
recommendations or, in the absence of such recommendations, in such a way that the method of
fixing has no adverse effect on the performance of the component, including the soldered joints.
10.2.4 Component lead terminations
Lead terminations to components shall be made such that no mechanical or thermal stress exceeds
the limits specified for the component.
Bending of component leads shall not cause damage or permanent stress to the component
body/lead junction.
10.2.5 Pre-set control
Where pre-set controls have been deemed necessary for operating adjustments (i.e. not internal
calibration), they shall be accessible with the complete equipment and adjacent equipment in
operation. Such controls shall retain their settings in normal operation and shall be protected against
accidental adjustment.
10.2.6 Select on test components
Where selected on test components are used they shall be soldered to component mounting posts to
facilitate removal.
10.3 Electrical connections
10.3.1 General
Connections shall be of the following types.

10.3.2 Soldered connections
Soldered connections shall be made only to components specially designed for that purpose.
Flexible/stranded conductors and metallic braiding designed for flexing shall not be soldered but fitted
with crimped tags or ferrules and strain relieved before the electrical connections.
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Silver or gold plated wires or components should not be soldered, unless the plating is thin enough to
avoid any adverse effect on the joints.
Soldered wires and components shall, as far as possible, be capable of disconnection without
damaging to the other connections.
Solder fluxes shall be non-corrosive.
10.3.3 Crimped connections
Crimped connections shall be in accordance with EN 60352-2.

10.3.4 Wire wrap connections
All wire wrap connections shall, as a minimum, comply with EN 60352-1 modified wrapped
connection. Soldered and wrapped wire connections on the same post are not allowed. The wire used
shall be suitable for the chosen wrapping process, and at least three turns of the wire shall be in close
contact to the post.
10.3.5 Other connections
Other methods of connection e.g. insulation displacement, press-fit, etc. can be used. If required by
the user, the supplier shall justify which ones are appropriate for use in the application, and subject to
the requirements (e.g. environment, quality, life expectancy, etc.) described in this standard.
10.4 Internal flexible wiring (electrical and optical)
Wiring which could be subjected to flexing shall be provided with suitable clamps, sheaths or supports
adjacent to the terminations and at suitable locations along its route.
Wiring shall be so arranged that its performance shall not be affected by extremes of temperature.
Wiring shall not be bent to a radius less than the minimum permissible value specified by its
manufacturer. Where a minimum radius is not specified, for electrical cable, the inside radius of the
bend shall not be less than the overall diameter of the wire including its insulation.
Grommets, bushes or edge protections shall be fitted where wiring passes through any material likely
to cause abrasion damage. Internal wiring shall be adequately supported by clamping, looming,
troughing, or similar means.
Wiring shall be clamped into plugs and sockets in such a way that the connections inside the
connector cannot be subjected to detrimental tensile or torsional stress by normal operation and
handling.
Where practical, sufficient wire shall be provided to enable a re-connection to be made at each end of
the wire.
All wiring shall be readily traceable to a point-to-point wiring diagram or list.
10.5 Flexible printed wiring
The base material shall have suitable temperature ranges and mechanical properties to suit the
application.
Wherever possible, sharp bends shall be avoided. The minimum bending radius shall not be so small
that it results in cracking or deterioration of the base material or the overlay.
Adequate support to any transition termination shall be provided to ensure that separation of the base
material or underlay does not occur.
Any termination using this technique shall be capable of re-connection without damage to the wiring
system.
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10.6 Printed boards - flexible and rigid
10.6.1 Printed board
All the holes used for soldered connections shall be plated through, with pads on both sides.
10.6.2 PCB acceptability
PCB acceptability shall comply with IPC-A-600 class 2 as a minimum. Alternative standards of
equivalent scope may be used with prior approval of the user.
For specific customized electronic products, alternative standards of equivalent scope may be used
with prior approval of the user.
10.6.3 Layout
Board layout shall be carried out according to EN 62326 (all parts), IPC-2220:2010 series, IPC-2221
(B):2012, IPC-2222 (A):2010 or IPC-2223 (C):2011 as appropriate with due regard to the service
conditions of this standard.
10.6.4 Materials
The base material shall be an epoxy woven glass fabric laminated sheet of defined flammability
(vertical burning test) for rigid printed boards and for use in the fabrication of multilayer printed
boards, according to EN 61249-2-7, EN 61249-2-22, EN 62326 (all parts) or IPC-4101 Specification
for Base Materials for Rigid and Multilayer Printed Boards, as appropriate.
For flexible printed boards the base material shall be a flexible copper-clad polyimide film of defined
flammability (vertical burning test), according to IPC-6013.
Other materials may be used providing they meet or exceed the performance of the base material
specified above.
10.7 Protective coatings for printed board assemblies
The following classes are defined for the protective coatings and they define the requirements that the
equipment shall fulfil:
Table 10 — Protective coating classes
Class Protective coatings requirement
PC1 No protective coatings.

In this case Temperature variation class requirement for the electronic
equipment shall be H1, see 4.3.4.
(e.g.TFT display, camera, hard disk, RF modules)
PC2 All printed board assemblies shall be protected on both sides with a
protective transparent fluorescent pigment coating, in order to prevent
deterioration or damage due to such causes as moisture and atmospheric
contaminants. The coating shall not have any adverse reaction with any
other materials or components used. The protective coating shall not be
applied to integrated circuit sockets, test points or to connector contact
mating surfaces, etc.
PCX As agreed between user and supplier
Unless otherwise specified, class PC2 applies.

When the board is considered not repairable, the coating could be opaque.
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When the board is considered repairable, it shall be possible to repair it without the need for complete
removal of the coating.
After repairing, the board shall be locally recoated.
Coating types and thickness shall be according IPC-A-610.
10.8 Identification
10.8.1 Bare PCB identification
The artwork shall reproduce sufficient information to enable its correct identification including its
revision.
10.8.2 Identification of subracks and printed board assemblies
Labelling of subracks and printed board assemblies shall be adequate to enable their correct
identification including serial number and revision. All labels shall be clear, bold, concise and durable.
Labelling of line replaceable unit (LRU) shall also include its identification name, manufacturer's name
or trade mark, and serial number.
Means shall be provided on the subracks and printed board assemblies to record any change to fit,
form or function.
Where possible the identification label shall be placed on the front panel of plug-in units.
For maintenance purposes it is also desirable that the modification status label be fitted to this front
panel.
10.8.3 Mounting position of subracks and printed board assemblies
Each mounting position should be marked to indicate the type of subrack, printed board assembly or
cable connectors to be located in that position.
10.8.4 Fuse and battery identification
All fuse ratings should be indicated adjacent to the fuse.

Where batteries are used, the front panel of the plug-in unit or LRU in which they are placed should
be marked to indicate their presence and to show the recommended date of replacement.
10.9 Mounting
The equipment shall be mounted in some way to ensure its ability to operate in the specified service
conditions. Such mounting may comprise:
• for major equipment: a cubicle, a number of racks, subracks and printed board assemblies;
• for smaller, localized equipment: individual sealed enclosures.
In each case, the enclosure shall provide the necessary protection (IP code according to EN 60529)
from the service conditions, and permit dismantling and repair of the contained equipment.
Potting (the covering of, for example, a printed board assembly with silicone rubber, resin or other
material) to provide additional protection is not preferred and shall only be used where (for example in
the case of a remotely mounted transducer) special environmental conditions dictate it.
If the supplier intends to use encapsulation, it shall advise the user at the earliest possible stage.
NOTE The requirements of this clause do not apply to individual components such as hybrid circuits,
ASICs, etc.
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10.10 Cooling and ventilation
Cooling shall not be achieved by the forced induction of air into the equipment enclosure, unless
precautions agreed between involved parties are taken to ensure that the life of the equipment is not
thereby adversely affected by the introduction of contaminants.
When an assisting cooling system is used (e.g. fan, pump), the equipment shall be protected so that
no damage can occur due to the failure of the cooling system. The full performance shall be
maintained until the related protective device operates.
NOTE Damage in this context includes effects on the equipment life due to the operation of any component
beyond its maximum specified ratings.
10.11 Materials and finishes
Materials and finishes shall be suitable for the conditions of use, and shall be chosen with respect to
the environmental, wear and ageing factors, as well as to the risk of toxic influences on persons.
All materials shall be dimensionally stable, non-hygroscopic, resistant to fungal growth and either non-
ignitable or resistant to flame propagation.
The user shall provide a list of materials which are controlled by national law.
In addition, the supplier shall specify the method of disposal of any component which contains toxic
material.
10.12 Reworking, modification and repair of electronic assemblies
Reworking, modification and repair of electronic assemblies are allowed and shall be executed
according to IPC-A-610 and IPC-7711B/7721B.
11 Safety
11.1 General
These provisions relate to both the main equipment and any maintenance equipment, tools or
procedures.
11.2 Requirements
The safety requirements for rolling stock equipment applied in design, manufacturing and installation
are as follows:
a) personnel safety against electric shock shall be in accordance with EN 50153;
b) insulation coordination shall be in accordance with EN 50124-1;
c) personnel safety against effects of excessive temperature shall be in accordance with

EN ISO 13732-1.
11.3 Fire behaviour requirements
Guidelines of the EN 45545 series for protection against spread of fire shall be used.
Equipment shall be designed, manufactured and installed (as relevant to the contract), in full
accordance with the respective Safety legislation of the country or countries of use.
Fire behaviour testing shall be according to EN 45545-2. In respect of printed boards (EL9 according
to EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015, Table 2) it shall be noted that only the printed boards without any
attached components have to meet the requirements. The attached components will be accepted
without any testing because of their functional necessity as stated in EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015, 4.7.
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11.4 Functional safety
The safety related functions for the equipment or system are not covered by this standard,
nevertheless this standard applies to the hardware of all rolling stock safety related equipment and
systems.
11.5 Personnel safety
The user shall identify any special requirements related to personnel safety, in respect of equipment,
construction and use of materials, at the time of tendering.
12 Documentation
12.1 General
As referenced in Clause 7, the equipment design shall be documented.

NOTE This might be done according to the provisions of EN ISO 9001:2015.
12.2 Supply and storage of documentation
As a minimum the datasheet and user’s manual of the equipment shall be given to the user.
For any additional documentation the supplier and user shall agree in writing:
a) the quantity, scope, content, presentation, medium and updating process of documentation
required by the user;
b) the scope, conditions and duration applying to the storage of documentation by the supplier.
12.3 Datasheet
The datasheet is a document that describes the electronic equipment. This document shall contain all
information useful for the user in order to evaluate the technical compliance of the product with the
following expectations:
a) equipment identification:
1) manufacturer's name or trade mark;
2) equipment name and type;
3) equipment version (if any);
b) table of contents;
c) definitions or acronyms used in the document;
d) general description:
1) pictures (If any);
2) hardware architecture;
3) functional purpose and principle of operation of the equipment;
4) optional parts available, with their description and functionalities (if any);
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e) electrical features:
1) nominal supply voltage: Un = Volts DC (see 5.1.1 or 5.1.2);
2) nominal power consumption: [Watts] (Min., Max., power consumption if appropriate);
3) inrush current characteristics: [I2t];
4) DC power supply fluctuation range (see 5.1.1.3);
5) interruptions on power supply voltage Class (No, 10 ms or 20 ms) (see 5.1.1.4);
6) supply change-over class (if appropriate): (see 5.1.3);
7) earth potential reference;
f) mechanical features:
1) overall dimensions [mm, or “U” / TE for EN 60297 (all parts) racks];
2) mechanical drawings;
3) weight [g, or kg];
4) IP code [see EN 60529];
g) environmental features:
1) operating temperature range:[see Table 1 - Operating temperature classes (°C)];
2) switch-on extended operating temperature class: see Table 2 - Switch-on extended

operating temperature class;
3) natural cooling or forced ventilation constraints for the equipment;
4) storage temperature range: [min. max. °C];
5) relative humidity compliance: [% max];
6) altitude class: [1000, 1200, 1400, . . metres max.];
7) pollution degree conformance: [PD1, PD2 ...];
8) shock and vibration “categories & classes” [as specified by EN 61373];
9) rapid temperature variation class: [see Table 3];
10) conformal coating type;
11) information relating to any hazardous materials that are present in the equipment (if any);
12) RoHS, compliance if applicable [see European Directive 2011/65/EU];
13) REACH compliance [see European Regulation No 1907/2006+1688/2016];
14) fire behaviour compliance;
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h) RAMS features:
1) useful life class: [Years] [see Table 9 - Useful life classes];
2) [repairable, not repairable], equipment or parts of the equipment (if any);
3) identification of the LRU parts of the electronic equipment;
4) MTTR: [Min, Hours] (if any);
5) list of limited life components (if any);
6) storage precautions (if any);
7) identification of commercial off-the-shelf equipment/components inside the electronic

equipment (if any);
8) periodic maintenance instructions (if any);
9) reliability [MTBF Hours] [Predicted or Measured from the field with all information about
applied methodology, applied mission profile, Reliability handbook or standard used];
10) functional safety reference if applicable;
11) information relating to any implosion or explosion hazards which may exist within the
equipment or which may occur in use or in handling;
i) functional description and interfaces:
1) functional block diagram, including hardware and software;
2) central processing unit and peripherals (if relevant);
3) memory (if relevant);
4) input-Output ports description (at equipment interface level – connectors level);
5) signal name, pin-out, function, electrical features, with description of circuit operation,
including voltage, current, impedance, DC or AC, frequency, isolated signal,
overcurrent/overvoltage protections, min. max loads characteristics, etc. where appropriate;
6) communication ports and protocols descriptions (if any at equipment interface level);
7) RS-232; RS-485; CAN; MVB; Ethernet, Other, etc. (if any);
8) with all protocol features: Baud rate, Parity, Drivers standards, Master-Slave, Ports address,
etc.;
9) cabling recommendations;
10) visual interfaces (if any);
11) display description (if any);
12) lamps or LED (or other visual signals) description (if any);
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j) equipment labelling description:
1) Product (LRU) Part number identification;
2) Product (LRU) Serial number identification;
3) Product (LRU) Revision index identification;
4) connectors identification;
5) other labels (fuses, battery, etc.) (if any);
k) routine and type test compliance summary: (see Annex D):
1) list of performed test (routine and type) on the equipment;
2) summary of the test methods, reference standard and criteria applied;
l) ordering or commercial references:
1) reference of Commissioning Manual (if any);
2) reference of User Manual (if any);
3) reference of Application Notes (if any);
4) reference of Equipment Integration manual (if any);
5) reference of optional part for the electronic equipment. (if any);
6) reference of accessories associated to the electronic equipment. (if any);
7) reference of special tools for mounting, dismounting the equipment (if any);
8) reference (commercial) of replaceable components (Fuses, Battery, etc.) (if any);
9) reference of replaceable boards (if any);
10) reference of PTE associated to the electronic equipment. (if any);
11) reference of ATE associated to the electronic equipment. (if any);
12) reference of programming tools to use for uploading software (if any);
13) reference of standard software to upload on the electronic equipment (if any);
m) datasheet document history with revision index.
12.4 User manual
This document shall contain all relevant information for the user of the electronic equipment. For basic
electronic products with limited human interfaces, this content may be integrated into the datasheet.
12.5 Equipment integration/installation documentation
This document shall contain all relevant information for system integrator of the electronic equipment.
If appropriate for basic electronic products with limited mechanical and electrical interfaces, this
content may be integrated into the datasheet.
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The following items provide a check list for Equipment Integration constraints (not exhaustive):
— type of mechanical frame needed for mounting the electronic equipment: mounting frame,
mounting plate, rack, subrack, case, etc. (with references and characteristics);
— mechanical drawing (dimension, fixing, mounting points);
— orientation constraints for mounting the equipment;
— natural cooling or forced ventilation constraints for the equipment;
— required free space inside integration volume for natural cooling;
— need of preheating or air outlet;
— need of free space for access to parts, or for mounting – dismounting;
— mechanical protection constraints, screening;
— earth terminals location;
— shielding requirements for input or output wired signals;
— possible recommendation for wire gauges;
— mechanical polarization or coding where applicable;
— external filters to add for EMC compliance;
— external overcurrent protections to add: fuses, micro circuit breakers, etc., on power supply circuit
or output circuits. (If any, with references);
— external overvoltage protections to add: TVS, ESD protection, etc. (If any, with references);
— interconnection diagrams and charts;
— hardware and software Interface information.
12.6 Commissioning documentation
This document shall provide all relevant information and instructions for the person in charge of the
commissioning of the electronic equipment. If appropriate for basic electronic products with limited
human interfaces, this content may be integrated into the datasheet document:
1) commissioning instructions and pre-setting data;
2) test points;
3) on/off vehicle diagnostic procedures and test equipment required.
12.7 Design documentation
12.7.1 General
The design documentation describes the detailed design of the electronic equipment and all detailed
information regarding the internal functionalities of this electronic equipment.
The design documentation is delivered only as a specific request of the user and is subject to a
contractual agreement between the involved parties.
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12.7.2 Block diagrams
Block diagrams shall show the flow of information between the identifiable parts of a system and
should have symbols conforming to the IEC 60617 database and EN 61082-1.
12.7.3 Wiring diagrams
Wiring diagrams and charts shall show the inter-unit wiring within equipment enclosures and, in
addition, the services provided (i.e. supplies, distribution, alarms, etc.).
12.7.4 Interface specification
Interface design specification carrying all the necessary information to permit replacement of the
equipment with another functionally equivalent.
12.7.5 Internal interface specification
Internal interface design specification carrying all the necessary information to permit replacement of
the equipment with another functionally equivalent.
12.7.6 Equipment drawings
Equipment drawings shall show the layout of equipment mounted in racks or subracks, the distribution
of units and sub-units within an enclosure, and the essential mechanical features of all cubicles,
racks, subracks, plug-in units, and printed board assemblies.
12.7.7 Documentation – Hardware
12.7.7.1 General
The following items provide a check list for hardware documentation:

12.7.7.2 Manufacturing data
The manufacturing data are all necessary information for the manufacturing and the assembly of the
PBA or electronic equipment. The manufacturing data are delivered only under specific request of the
user and are subject to a contractual agreement between supplier and user regarding the
confidentiality and the rights of use of those documents.
The generic requirements for PBA product manufacturing description data and the transfer
methodology, IPC-2581 (B), shall be applied.
1) bill of materials (PCB, electronic parts, mechanical parts, etc.) with component specifications and
sourcing (i.e. manufacturer) information;
2) manufacturing documents (circuit diagrams, wiring diagrams, etc.);
3) bit stream codes for programmable components - e.g. CPLD, FPGA, etc. With programming
instructions, documentation, references of programming tools, etc.);
4) drawings, mounting instructions and specifications;
5) in situ testing specifications, test programs (boundary scan programs, where appropriated).
12.7.7.3 Programmable component (FPGA, PLD, ASIC, etc.)
The list of documents required for a programmable component, shall be defined according to class
M0 or M1:
• Class M0: The documents listed in the column “Class M0” of Table 11 shall be available
according to the contractual agreement between the involved parties. These documents shall be
sufficiently precise to allow subsequent redesign of a ‘functionally equivalent component at
interface level’.
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• Class M1: The documents listed in the column “Class M1” of Table 11 shall be available
according to the contractual agreement between the involved parties. These documents shall be
sufficiently precise to allow a modification of the design. For this purpose, the supplier shall
demonstrate that the delivered source code (with design constraints and procedure) allows the
correct generation of the programming file. If the generated and original files are not totally
identical, the functionality of the component using the generated file shall be validated.
Table 11 — List of required documentation according to the class
Documentation Class M0 Class M1
Architecture and interface specification X X
Requirement specification X X
Development tools specification (simulation, generation…etc.) X X
Device programming procedure X X
Device programming file X X
Quality management plan X X
Programming file generation procedure X
Detailed design specification X
Test bench files X
Simulation report X
Test and validation report X
Source code, design constraint file, project file X
Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class M0 apply.

12.7.8 Non repairable items list
The manufacturer/integrator shall provide the list of all the declared non repairable items.
12.7.9 Repair and Maintenance Documentation
12.7.9.1 General
All documents submitted to the user shall bear an appropriate drawing number, date, version/release
and title indicating the particular item shown and the type of drawing.
All documents and components lists shall have an issue or revision index and a record of
modification.
The Repair and Maintenance documents are delivered only under specific request of the user and are
subject to a contractual agreement between supplier and user regarding the confidentiality and the
rights of use of those documents.
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12.7.9.2 Circuit diagrams
Circuit diagrams shall be generated for each printed board assembly, and plug-in unit of the complete
equipment.
Where practicable, all circuit diagrams shall be drawn so that the main sequence of events on the
signal path is from left to right (and where necessary for arrangement purposes, from top to bottom).
Wherever practical, the circuit diagram for any one unit shall be completely self-contained, self-
explanatory, readily related to other circuit diagrams and shall show:
— supply voltage levels and interconnections,
— connections between the low voltage circuits,
— connections between these circuits, the electronic equipment, the transducers and the controlled
or monitored devices,
— earth connections of the metallic parts,
— connections between the electronic zero volt lines,
— casings and their connections,
— screened or twisted cables.
Discrete components external to a printed board assembly or plug-in unit but essential to its operation
shall be shown in dotted outline on the circuit diagram and be appropriately identified.
All component symbols shall be marked with their circuit references and the nominal value of
components shall be marked on the circuit diagram where the component list is not included on the
same diagram.
Components with three or more connections shall have the connection points identified or marked.
The function of all controls, switches and indicating devices shall be indicated in accordance with the
inscriptions marked on the equipment. The symbols for rotary controls shall be marked with an arrow
indicating clockwise rotation of the spindle when viewed from the operating end.
Relays shall always be shown in the de-energized position.
12.7.9.3 Component lists
Component lists shall uniquely identify for each component its circuit reference number and the
specification or part number/manufacturer indication of that component.
12.7.9.4 Component layout
Component layout drawings shall show the location of each individual component used in a printed
board assembly or plug-in unit, marked with its circuit reference number, outline and polarizing details
where used.
12.7.9.5 Special maintenance tool
The list, the description and references of special tools (Hardware and/or Software) associated to the
electronic equipment shall be provided.
12.7.10 Documentation – Software
According to the chosen software life cycle model of 7.3.2, the supplier shall determine and list what
information items are deliverable documents, intermediate deliverable, or non-deliverable; and what
information items are to be archived. The list shall be laid down in the quality plan.
All identified information items (documentation) shall be according to EN 50657.
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At least the highly recommended (HR) documents in EN 50657:2017, Table A.1 column basic
integrity shall be provided for non safety related on board equipment.
12.7.11 Documentation – System
All identified information items (documentation) shall be according to ISO/IEC/IEEE 15289:2017,

Clauses 7 and 10. For each identified information item, the generic contents as specified in
ISO/IEC/IEEE 15289:2017, Clause 7 shall be part of the required item content.
At least the following identified information item according to the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15289:2017,
Clause 10 shall be available:
10.83 System architecture description

10.84 System element description
10.85 System requirement specification
10.88 User documentation
10.92 Validation report
10.95 Verification report
13 Testing
13.1 General
A test plan listing all the tests to be performed on the Electronic equipment and their procedures shall
be written by the supplier.
All items forming a specific equipment type shall have passed the appropriate device level conformity.
The system integrator shall give the evidence to ensure all requirements are addressed providing:
a) A Type Test Report or an integration Type Test Report according to the type Test Procedure to
show that all the items forming a specific equipment when integrated together are operating
according to the specified functional requirements, see 4.1.
b) A Routine Test Report or an integration Routine Test Report according to the routine Test
Procedure confirming that the installed equipment is ready to be brought into use.
During the type tests and routine tests, the item shall not malfunction or produce a performance which
is outside its specification. The equipment should be tested in the manner in which they are expected
to be used, i.e. protective covers should be in position and the equipment arranged, as nearly as
possible, in the position it will occupy in actual use.
The requirements not associated with a test procedure shall be verified at the design review level.
Additional requirements, acceptance criteria and the related verification/test shall be agreed between
the involved parties at the tender stage.
Since some of the tests subject to agreement may be costly, it is advisable to carry out only those
tests which are necessary. The user may require to witness and check the results of any tests.
Arrangements for this shall be contained in the contract.
13.2 Categories of tests
13.2.1 General
There are three categories of tests:

— type tests;
— routine tests;
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— investigation tests.
At the time of tendering, the user shall identify any tests subject to agreement (see Table 12 - List of
tests).
13.2.2 Type tests
Type tests shall be carried out to verify that a product will meet the specified requirements.
Type tests shall be performed on a single equipment of a given design and manufacturing procedure.
Equipment used for type test should be equipment already submitted to routine test procedure.
If an equipment is not identical to one tested previously the supplier shall provide documents justifying
that the change does not alter the validity of existing previous report; otherwise a complete re-test or
a subset of type tests shall be performed.
The Type Test sequence starts with visual inspection and a performance test. After all Type Tests
have been performed the visual inspection and performance test shall be repeated.
Some or all of the type tests may be repeated from time to time on samples drawn from current
production or deliveries, according to an agreement between the user and the supplier, so as to
confirm that the quality of the product still meets the specified requirements.
In addition, the user may request the supplier to repeat a type test either totally or in part following:
— modification of equipment likely to affect its function or method of operation;
— failure or variations established during type or routine tests;
— resumption of production after an interruption of more than five years;
— change of manufacturing site.
The type test reports shall be produced and managed according to the implemented quality system.
Equipment used for type test shall not be delivered to the user.
13.2.3 Routine tests
Routine tests shall be performed by the supplier on each manufactured equipment. Routine tests
shall be carried out to verify that the properties of a product meet the specification after the
manufacturing process and correspond to those measured during the type tests. A complete routine
test report shall be generated for each equipment and managed according to the implemented quality
system.
13.2.4 Investigation tests
Investigation tests are intended to obtain additional information by means of reports regarding the
performance of the electronic equipment outside its specified requirements. They shall be specially
requested by the supplier or by the user and subjected to contract agreement.
The results of investigation tests may not be used as grounds for refusing acceptance of the
equipment or to invoke penalties.
These tests are not described in this standard.
13.3 Tests summary
Table 12 lists the type and routine tests for electronic equipment; the test sequence is not mandatory.
The test plan shall indicate the tests to be performed and the test sequence to be followed.
The complete test is carried out according to the test specification and the test procedure written by
the supplier either for type test and for routine test.
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Table 12 — List of tests
Test Type Routine Test Requirement

Subclause Subclause
1 Visual inspection M M 13.4.1 4.1
2 Performance test M M 13.4.2 4.1
3 Power supply test M O 13.4.3 5.1
4 Insulation test M M 13.4.9 5.2.6
5 Low temperature storage test O NA 13.4.6 4.1
6 Low temperature start-up test M O 13.4.4 4.3.2
7 Dry heat test M O 13.4.5 4.3.2 and 4.3.3
8 Cyclic damp heat test (see NOTE 2) M O 13.4.7 4.3.2 and 4.3.7
9 Salt mist test O NA 13.4.10 4.4.2
10 Enclosure protection test (IP code) O O 13.4.12 4.1
11 EMC test M O 13.4.8 4.3.6
12 Vibration and shock test M NA 13.4.11 4.3.5
13 Equipment stress screening test O O 13.4.13
14 Rapid Temperature variation test O NA 13.4.14 4.3.4
For the purpose of these tests ambient temperature shall be defined as 25 °C ± 10 °C.
Test specification shall define performance criteria for each test.
NOTE 1 Tests marked “M” are mandatory.
Tests marked “O” are subject to contract agreement between the user and the supplier.
Tests marked “NA” are not applicable.
NOTE 2 For class PC1 and class PCX without coating, the cyclic damp heat test is not applicable
(see 10.7, Table 10).
13.4 Test specification
13.4.1 Visual inspection
The Visual inspection test verifies the mechanical, dimensional and appearance conformance of the
Electronic Equipment; see 4.1.
The Visual inspection shall be carried out before and after tests to check whether any damage or
deterioration has occurred resulting from the tests.
13.4.2 Performance test
The performance test verifies the functional requirements of the Electronic Equipment, see 4.1. The
performance test is carried out according to the Performance test specification and Performance test
procedure written by the supplier either for type test or for routine test.
The performance test shall be carried out at the ambient temperature.
The performance test shall consist of a comprehensive series of measurements of the characteristics
of the equipment to check that its performance is in accordance with the functional requirements of
the particular equipment concerned, including any special requirements of its individual specification,
and general requirements of this standard.
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Performance test during type test could be different from performance test during routine test.
13.4.3 Power supply test
13.4.3.1 General
The test verifies the functionality of the Electronic Equipment in all the conditions foreseen for the
power supply, see 5.1.
To carry out the power supply tests, EN 61000-4-29 may be used as a guide.
If the electronic equipment has a large number of similar power supply ports, which are electrically
identical, then a sufficient number shall be selected to simulate actual operating conditions and to
ensure that all the different types of termination are covered (e.g. 20 % of the ports or at least four
ports).
Electronic equipment shall be tested, for each selected combination of test level and duration, with a
sequence of 10 dips/interruptions and overvoltage with intervals of 10 s minimum and 1 min maximum
(between each test event). In all cases, the voltage levels and time durations of the test waveform
shall be measured with the test generator disconnected from the equipment.
13.4.3.2 Supply variations
Tests shall be performed to prove correct functioning at nominal supply voltage and at the specified
upper and lower limits (see 5.1.1.2).
— DC power supply range:
Tests shall be performed to prove correct functioning for the voltage range (see 5.1.1.3).
— DC power supply fluctuation:
The rise/fall waveforms of the diagrams are purely indicative.
Temporary supply overvoltages shall be assumed to be generated with respect to the control system
voltage supply return potential and to be present only as an increase to the level of the control system
voltage, which shall be assumed to be present before and after the application of the overvoltage.
Overvoltage of opposite polarity to the control of the system voltage supply need not be considered.
Overvoltage exceeding in duration or amplitude the specified voltage fluctuation shall be assumed to
occur only in the case of a failure in the control system voltage supply.
Temporary supply overvoltages up to 1,4 Un lasting no more than 0,1 s shall not cause deviation of
function (performance criterion A).
Voltage V DC
1,4 Un
Un
Time
< 10 ms 100 ms < 10 ms
Figure 6 — Temporary supply overvoltages (a)
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For temporary supply overvoltages up to 1,4 Un lasting no more than 1 s the equipment shall fulfil
performance criterion B.
Voltage V DC
1,4 Un
Un
Time
< 100 ms 1s < 100 ms
Figure 7 — Temporary supply overvoltages (b)
13.4.3.3 Temporary supply dips
Voltage dips are mainly caused by faults in the DC distribution system, or by sudden large changes of
load (low impedance condition).
Temporary supply dips down to 0,6 Un not exceeding 0,1 s shall not cause deviation of function
(performance criterion A).
Voltage V DC
Un
0,6 Un
Time
< 10 ms 100 ms < 10 ms
Figure 8 — Temporary supply dips
13.4.3.4 Interruptions of voltage supply
During a short interruption, the DC distribution system presents a “low impedance” (short circuit)
condition due to the clearing of an overload or fault condition on the supply bus. This condition can
cause reverse current (negative peak inrush current) from the load.
Regarding interruptions on supply voltage, there are three classes of equipment:
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Table 13 — Interruptions of voltage supply classes
Class Requirements Duration of the interruption time Tint

(See Figure 9)
No performance criterion is requested but the

NOTE As defined in 5.1.1.4, this test is not
S1 equipment shall continue to operate as
required.
specified after the voltage interruption.
The equipment shall behave according 10 ms

S2
performance criterion A.
The equipment shall behave according 20 ms

S3
performance criterion A.
For voltage interruption longer than specified within the class, equipment shall behave at minimum
according performance criterion C.
Tests shall be carried out at nominal voltage.
Voltage V DC
Un
0V
Time
< 50 µs 10 ms or 20 ms < 50 µs
Figure 9 — Interruption of supply voltage
13.4.3.5 Supply change-over
In the case of equipment supplied with power alternatively from an accumulator battery and a DC
stabilized source, the DC distribution system presents a “high impedance” condition due to switching
from one source to another.
The equipment shall operate satisfactorily under the conditions stated in Subclauses 5.1.1, 5.1.1.2,
5.1.1.6 and 5.1.3.
— Class C1: at 0,6 Un during 100 ms (without interruptions). Performance criterion A;
— Class C2: during a supply break of 30 ms starting at Un Performance criterion B.
The supply break is an open circuit and not a short circuit (“high impedance” condition).
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of class C1 apply to power supply only.
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Voltage V DC
Un
0,6 Un
Time
< 10 ms 100 ms < 10 ms
Figure 10 — Supply change-over Class C1
Voltage V DC
Un
0V
Time
< 50 µs 30 ms < 50 µs
Figure 11 — Supply change-over Class C2
13.4.4 Low temperature start-up test
This test is carried out in accordance with EN 60068-2-1 (test Ad), using natural ventilation.
Equipment shall be tested according to its operating temperature class; low operating temperature
(TTEST) shall be taken from Table 1 of this standard.
Equipment is placed, without any voltage applied, in a test chamber.
The equipment shall be first conditioned by leaving it, after thermal stabilization of the chamber, for a
sufficient period of time in which to achieve thermal stabilization. In any case, the stabilization time
period shall not be less than 2 h, see Figure 12.
At the end of this period the equipment shall be switched on and a performance test shall be carried
out, keeping the equipment at the low temperature.
After recovery, this operational check shall be repeated at normal room temperature.
Test acceptance requirements:
During and after the test, the equipment shall work as intended and within its specified limits
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Temperature
+25 °C
1 °C / min
≥ 1 hour
Stabilisation time
TTEST
time
ON OFF ON OFF ON
Continuous
Performance Operational Operational
Equipment switched ON
test checks check
Equipment switched OFF
Figure 12 — Low temperature start-up test
13.4.5 Dry heat test
13.4.5.1 General
This test is carried out in accordance with EN 60068-2-2 (test Be), using natural ventilation unless a
different type of cooling is normally used by or provided to the equipment. In that case, the normal
configuration of the equipment shall be replicated.
The temperature value for this test is dependent of the temperature class and the switch-on extended
operating temperature class of equipment under test (see Table 1 and Table 2 for details).
Equipment shall be tested according to its operating temperature class; high operating temperature
shall be taken from Table 1 and Table 2.
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13.4.5.2 Dry heat thermal test — Cycle A
Temperature
TTEST
1°C/min
1°C/min
Stabilization 6h
time
+ 25°C
≥1h
Time
ON OFF ON OFF ON
Performance test Continuous Performance test

Operational checks
Figure 13 — Dry heat thermal test — Cycle A
The switched off equipment is placed in a chamber where the temperature is progressively raised to
the maximum operating temperature (TTEST) (see Figure 13).
Once the temperature of the whole equipment (internal and external) has stabilized, in any case the
stabilization time shall not be less than 2 h, then the equipment is switched on and left for a time
period of 6 h with continuous operational checks carried out at the maximum operating temperature
(TTEST).
The equipment is then allowed to cool to ambient temperature and a further performance test is
carried out after the stabilization time.
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13.4.5.3 Dry heat thermal test — Cycle B
Temperature
1°C/min
TTEST +15°C
TTEST
1°C/min
1°C/min
Stabilization 6h 10 min
time
+ 25°C
≥1h
Time
ON OFF ON ON OFF ON
Performance test Continuous Continuous Performance test

Operational checks Operational checks
Figure 14 — Dry heat thermal test — Cycle B
the maximum operating temperature (TTEST) (see Figure 14).
stabilization time shall not be less than 2 h, then the equipment is switched on and left for a time
period of 6 h with continuous operational checks carried out at the maximum operating temperature
(TTEST).
Once this test is complete, a continuous operational check is carried out with the 10 min over-
temperature value (see Figure 14 for details).
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13.4.5.4 Dry heat thermal test - Cycle C
Temperature
1°C/min
TTEST +15°C
TTEST
1°C/min
1°C/min
Stabilization 10 min 6h
time
+ 25°C
≥1h
Time
ON OFF ON OFF ON
Performance test Continuous Operational checks Performance test
Figure 15 — Dry heat thermal test — Cycle C
the extended operating temperature (TTEST + 15 °C) according to the selected temperature class
(see Figure 15).
stabilization time shall not be less than 2 h, then the equipment is switched on and continuous
operational checks are carried out at this extended operating temperature value for 10 min.
The equipment is then allowed to cool to the maximum operating temperature (TTEST) and the
continuous operational checks last for a time period of 6 h.
13.4.6 Low temperature storage test
Where the equipment is to be subjected to temperatures less than its minimum operating
temperature, then a low temperature storage test may be carried out. This test shall be carried out in
accordance with EN 60068-2-1 (test Ab).
Equipment without packaging is placed, without any voltage applied, in a test chamber.
The temperature value for the test shall be −40 °C and the time period after stabilization shall be 16 h
minimum.
After recovery, a performance test shall be carried out at the ambient reference temperature.
After recovery, the equipment shall work as intended and within its specified limits (performance
criterion A).
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13.4.7 Cyclic damp heat test
This test is carried out in accordance with EN 60068-2-30, test Db variant 2.

The equipment under test shall not be powered except during the operational check.
Temperatures: + 55 °C and + 25 °C
Number of cycles: 2 (breathing effect)
Time: (2 × 24) h
If condensation has not occurred by the beginning of the second cycle, (low thermal inertia of test
piece), speed of temperature variation can be increased (but not exceed 1 °C/min, and with a
maintained relative humidity).
(HR) Relative Humidity
≥ 95
93 ± 3 96 %
≥ 80
90 % ≥ 80 %
60 ± 15
0
Equipment time
Temperature switched ON
°C Operational
check
+55 ± 2
+25 ± 3
0
time
1h 3h±½
12 h ±½ 3h–6h 24 h cycle 3 h ±½
Equipment Switched OFF
Figure 16 — Cyclic damp heat test: Description of the first 24-h cycle
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HR
%
≥ 95
Laboratory
humidity
75 ± 2
0
time
Temperature
°C Laboratory
Recovery period temperature
15 °C – 35 °C
+25 ± 3
0
time
<1 h <1 h 1h–2h ½ h max.
End of 2 nd 24 h cycle
Equipment Switched OFF Equip. Switched ON
Operational check Performance test
Figure 17 — Cyclic damp heat test: Recovery period
Return to ambient temperature is carried out under controlled recovery conditions.

Initial measurements:
— performance test;
— insulation test (voltage withstand test with the 80 % of the initial test voltage of insulation
measurement test).
The results of all insulation and performance test shall be within the specified tolerances and
operation performance respectively.
Intermediate measurements:
— an operational check shall be carried out at the rise in temperature during the beginning of the
2nd cycle (during the appearance of condensation on the product at (35 ± 2) °C).
If condensation has not occurred by the beginning of the second cycle, (low thermal inertia of test
piece), speed of temperature variation can be increased (but not exceed 1 °C/min, and with a
maintained relative humidity).
Return to ambient temperature is carried out under controlled recovery conditions.
When the equipment is switched on an operational check is carried out.
Check and final measurements:
— performance test;
Check and measurements on dry equipment:

— insulation test (voltage withstand test with the 80 % of the initial test voltage of insulation
measurement test).
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The results of all insulation and performance test (results after the first and second cycles) shall be
within the specified tolerances and operation performance respectively.
Before and after the test (initial and final voltage withstand and insulation), the equipment shall work
as intended and within its specified limits (performance criterion A).
13.4.8 Electromagnetic compatibility test
All EMC tests of the electronic equipment shall be carried out according EN 50121-3-2.
13.4.9 Insulation test
13.4.9.1 General
The aim of this test (insulation measurement test and voltage withstand test) is to ensure that the
mounting of components, their metal connections and casings, and the routing of wiring and printed
board tracks, are not located too close to surrounding metal parts or fixings.
The test will verify that the design of circuits meet the galvanic insulation requirements.
The test shall be carried out on fully assembled parts of equipment, and/or complete equipment
dependent upon the scope of supply.
The test comprises two parts, an insulation measurement test (carried out before and after the voltage
withstand test), and the voltage withstand test. All measured values shall be recorded in the test
report.
Insulation measurement test shall be carried out at routine and type test at the integration level of the
equipment under test (e.g. printed board assemblies, racks).
Insulation measurement test shall be carried out at the integration level of the equipment under test
(e.g. printed board assemblies, racks).
Voltage withstand tests should be performed only at routine and type test on concerned electronic
equipment and this test is not repeated when this equipment is integrated into other assemblies.
Where galvanic isolation is required, the insulation measurement values shall be recorded, and then
test voltages applied between the two sides of the isolation barrier.
Each equipotential area shall be defined and tested against mechanical earth and against all
surrounding equipotential areas.
Insulation test against mechanical earth is not required for equipotential area formed by ELV circuits
that have internal electronic 0V potential electrically connected to the mechanical earth.
The voltage withstand test procedure shall be arranged such that individual circuits are subjected to
the minimum number of applications of the dielectric test voltage.
For subracks and printed board assemblies with exposed metal parts, frames or front panels, or metal
fixings, which can either be touched or require galvanic isolation; then, the test shall be carried out
between all the connections shorted together and these metal parts.
13.4.9.2 Insulation measurement test
The insulation resistance measurement test shall be carried out at 500 V DC and the values shall be
recorded for all the equipotential areas defined for the insulation test. During the test, the equipment
shall not be powered on.
The insulation of each equipotential area shall be tested and measured against mechanical earth and
against all surrounding equipotential areas.
The minimum value of the insulation resistance after the withstand test shall be higher than 20 MΩ.
The equipment shall work as intended and within its specified limits after the insulation test.
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13.4.9.3 Voltage withstand test
The test shall be performed with AC (50 Hz or 60 Hz) or DC test voltage according to Table 14.
The test voltage shall be applied by gradually increasing the voltage amplitude to the test voltage, and
maintained at the specified level for:
a) Type test: 1 min;
b) Routine test: 10 s.
Each equipotential area shall be defined and tested against mechanical earth and against all
surrounding equipotential areas.
An insulation test is not required for internal electronic 0 V potential electrically connected to the
mechanical earth.
During the test the equipment shall not be powered on. The insulation measurement shall be carried
out after the voltage withstand test. Significant difference shall be analysed and justified in the test
report.
The nominal battery voltage and/or I/O voltage of each equipotential area is the controlling factor for
determining the test voltage.
The value of the test voltage shall be according to Table 14. For equipment powered by voltage not
covered by this standard, see the applicable standards (e.g. EN 61287-1, EN 60077-1).
Table 14 — Test voltages of voltage withstand test
Nominal battery voltage and/or I/O voltage Test voltage
< 72 V DC
500 V AC or 750 V DC
or 50 V AC rms
72 V DC ≤ V DC < 125 V DC
1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC
or from 50 to 90 V AC rms
125 V DC ≤ V DC < 315 V DC

1 500 V AC or 2 200 V DC
or from 90 to 225 V AC rms
Where part of the electronic equipment is galvanically connected to a power circuit, then this part of
the equipment shall be subject to the same dielectric tests as that circuit.
NOTE For battery referenced port, a higher impulse withstand voltage is applicable, in respect of
EN 50121–3–2 surge requirements.
For any repetition of this test during the life cycle of the equipment, the test voltage shall be reduced
to 80 % of the initial test voltage.
Neither disruptive discharge nor flashover shall occur. After the withstand test, the equipment shall
work as intended and within its specified limits.
13.4.10 Salt mist test
This test is carried out in accordance with EN 60068-2-11, test Ka.

Equipment is placed, without any voltage applied, in a test chamber.
The equipment should be tested in the manner in which they are expected to be used, i.e. protective
covers should be in position and the equipment arranged, as nearly as possible, in the position it will
occupy in actual use.
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The test chamber shall be kept closed and spraying of the salt solution shall continue without
interruption during the whole conditioning period of 48 h. After recovery, operational check is carried
out.
— visual inspection;
— an operational check shall not show any failure or damage. The equipment shall work as
intended and within its specified limit.
13.4.11 Vibration and shock test
13.4.11.1 General
The complete cubicle or rack together with its auxiliaries and mounting arrangements (including its
shock-absorbing devices if the equipment is designed for mounting on such devices) shall be
subjected to the tests indicated in EN 61373.
During the simulated long life testing the equipment shall not be operating; during the other tests the
equipment shall be functional and its performance shall be monitored.
13.4.11.2 Simulated long life testing
During the simulated long life testing the equipment shall not be operating.
Test shall be carried out according to EN 61373:2010, Clause 9.
— no damage shall be visible after the test,
— after the test, the equipment shall work as intended and within its specified limits.
13.4.11.3 Shock testing

Half-sinusoidal shocks test shall be carried out on a powered functional equipment.
— no damage shall occur during the test,
— during the test, the equipment is monitored and shall work as intended within its specified limits.
13.4.11.4 Functional random vibration test

— no damage shall occur during the test,
— during the test, the equipment is monitored and shall work as intended within its specified limits
13.4.12 Enclosure protection test (IP code)
As electronic equipment is generally mounted either inside the body of the vehicle or in boxes outside
(e.g. Locations 1, 2 and 3 according to Table C.1), there is no need to carry out enclosure protection
tests, apart from exceptional cases; this has to be defined between the user and the supplier
(EN 60529 may be used as a guide).
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13.4.13 Stress screening test
The user may require an equipment stress screening test procedure to be applied to completed
equipment or a part of it, for the purpose of eliminating dormant manufacturing or component defects.
The procedure may include:
— operation at elevated temperature;
— thermal cycling;
— vibration.
As appropriate to the equipment under consideration, the process, and the tests to be applied to the
equipment, shall be agreed at the time of tender between involved parties.
To carry out this stress screening test, EN 61163-1:2006, B.2 may be used as a guide.
13.4.14 Rapid Temperature variation test
The test specification and the test procedure shall be agreed between the involved parties.
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Annex A
(informative)
List of default requirements of EN 50155 and related clauses
Table A.1 — Default requirements
Subclause Title Default requirements

4.3.1 Altitude Unless otherwise specified the requirements of
EN 50125-1:2014, Table 1, class A1 apply.
4.3.2 Operating Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class OT3 apply.
Temperature
4.3.3 Switch-on extended Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class ST1 apply.
operating
temperature
4.3.4 Rapid Temperature Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class H1 apply.
Variation
4.3.5 Shock and vibration Unless otherwise specified the requirements of category 1
class B of EN 61373 apply.
5.1.1.4 Interruption of Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class S2 apply.
voltage supply
5.1.1.6 DC ripple factor Unless otherwise specified, the ripple factor of 5 % applies.
5.1.3 Supply change-over Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class C1 apply.
6.2 Useful life Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class L4 apply.
6.3.2 Preventive Unless otherwise specified, no periodic maintenance applies.
Maintenance
7.2.1 Insulation Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of PD2 of
coordination EN 50124–1 and this standard apply.
10.1.5 Sockets and edge Unless otherwise specified, the socket class K2 applies.
connectors
10.7 Protective coatings Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class PC2 apply.
for printed board
assemblies
10.10 Cooling and Unless otherwise specified, forced ventilation for cooling the
Ventilation equipment is not allowed.
12.7.7.3 Programmable Unless otherwise specified the requirements of class M0 apply.
component (FPGA,
PLD, ASIC, etc)
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Annex B
(informative)
Testing approach
B.1 General
This annex describes the structure and methodology for the equipment testing at a system level, by
the system integrator. The procedures of design, documentation and tests requirements are detailed
in Clauses 7, 12 and 13 of this document. The testing stages are undertaken in the following key
steps in the equipment lifecycle:
— Step 1: item level;

— Step 2: equipment level;
— Step 3: equipment re-verification and item / ancillary component replacement.
Step 1 is mandatory for newly manufactured items.
Steps 2, 3 are mandatory for all equipment in accordance with the scope of this document. The
testing, undertaken during steps 2 and 3, deals primarily with system level requirements, and it does
not replicate the detailed step 1 at item level.
B.2 Situation of applicability
The testing stages described in this document apply in case of:

• item Integration,
• equipment installation,
• equipment periodic re-verification,
• item / ancillary component replacement.
B.3 General methodology
The conformity assessment is undertaken using the following methods:

a) item design review;
b) item type test;
c) item routine test;
d) equipment integration design review;
e) equipment integration type test
f) equipment installation design review;
g) equipment installation type test;
h) equipment installation routine test.
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Furthermore the following methods are covering the re-verification and replacement:
i) equipment periodical re-verification;
j) system items / ancillary component replacement.
Methods a) to c) are used at item level. Methods d) to j) apply at system level.

Each method described generates evidence of conformity. Methods d) to h) are listed in logical order.
They may be undertaken in the same testing environment.
Completing the integration methods d) and e) allows the possibility of using this integration conformity
assessment in conjunction with multiple installation conformity assessments. This approach can be
employed when the same equipment type is to be used on several different vehicle types, using
multiple installation conformity assessments to deal with the installation issues only.
A test plan lists all the tests to be performed on the electronic equipment and their procedures shall
be written by the supplier.
All items forming a specific equipment type shall have passed the appropriate device level conformity.
The system integrator shall give the evidence to ensure all requirements are addressed providing:
k) at integration stage, a type test report or an integration performance test report according to the
type Test Procedure to show that all the items forming a specific equipment when integrated
together are operating according to the specified functional requirements, see 4.1;
l) at installation stage, a type test report or an installation performance test report according to the
Type Test Procedure confirming that the installed equipment is ready to be brought into use.
During the type tests and routine tests, the item shall not malfunction or produce a performance which
is outside its specification.
Figure B.1 illustrates the methods of conformity assessment arrangements.
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Figure B.1 — Testing stages
NOTE The capital letters A, B, C, D and E in Figure B.1 identifies functional items only.
B.4 Equipment Specific Methodology
Methods d) to j) apply at system level, the methods i) and j) address re-verification and an item
component replacement. Methods are listed in logical order. They may be undertaken in the same
testing environment.
B.5 Equipment integration design review
The integration design review demonstrates that all the items of a specific equipment type used to
form an equipment are able to be brought together correctly in accordance with an equipment design,
and when integrated together provides the intended functionality in accordance with this standard and
the equipment specification.
B.6 Equipment integration type test
The integration type test demonstrates that all the items of a specific equipment type when integrated
together are functioning as intended in accordance with this standard and the equipment
specification.
B.7 Equipment installation design review
The installation design review assesses the compatibility between a specific equipment type and a
vehicle type, so that its functionality is maintained when installed on board.
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B.8 Equipment installation type test
The installation type test demonstrates that the equipment type, when installed on board on a
specimen representative of the vehicle type, is functioning as intended in accordance with this
standard and the equipment specification.
B.9 Equipment installation routine test
The installation routine test demonstrates that the type tested equipment functionality is ensured for
each installation on vehicles of the same type.
B.10 Equipment periodic re-verification
The equipment periodic re-verification activities are used to ensure the conformity assessment of an
in-service equipment remains valid, where necessary confirm metrological properties, so that the
equipment can continue to be used.
B.11 Replacement of items and ancillary components
If an item / ancillary component of an in-service equipment is replaced, the substitution procedure

ensures that the equipment conformity assessment remains valid and the equipment can continue to
be used.
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Annex C
(informative)
Severity of the service conditions in different rolling stock

locations
C.1 General
This annex provides guidance to select the requirements for equipment installed in different location
on board of rolling stock.
The default requirement's classes of this standard are selected taking into account the locations 1 and
2 of Figure C.1.
C.2 Severity of service conditions in different rolling stock types
Different rolling stock types (e.g. mass transit underground, mass transit and high speed for
passenger trains, or freight trains for non-passenger trains) could lead to specific service conditions.
C.3 Intended use of rolling stock
The intended use of rolling stock is affected by the geographical destination and whether it is used
underground or above ground. The specific conditions for equipment may differ depending on such
intended use (e.g. rapid temperature variation as for exit/entrance in long tunnels, bogie mounted).
C.4 Location of equipment on board rolling stock
The typical location of equipment and examples of consequences on requirements is shown in

Figure C.1 and Table C.1.
Figure C.1 — Typical equipment locations on board rolling stock
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Table C.1 — Example of typical equipment locations on board rolling stock
Location
Examples of consequences on
according to Definition Examples
requirements
Figure C.1
closed interior vehicle Operating temperatures and/or shock levels
electrical cubicle depending on the location of the installation.
operating area (weather-protected)
exterior vehicle
1
cubicle
(weather-protected)
either under-frame
or upper-roof
cabin and passenger vehicle low IP code required
2 interiors compartment and (air with low dust and chemical
driver cabin contamination)
closed machinery higher operating temperature in case of
electrical compartment engine/power converter compartment or
operating resistance to fuels and fluids
3 area;
forced filtered
ventilation with
outside air
outdoor static under car body, roof non weather-protected location higher IP
applications (non weather- code
4 protected locations) resistance to light (UV)
resistance to ozone
for rubber and plastic parts
outdoor inter-vehicle non weather-protected location higher IP
dynamic degree
applications resistance to light (UV)
5
resistance to ozone
higher mechanical resistance
outdoor highly bogie non weather-protected location higher IP
dynamic code
resistance to ozone
6
High vibration and shock constraints
Resistance to fuel and fluids
outdoor highly axles non weather-protected location higher IP
dynamic code
resistance to ozone
7
very high vibration and shock constraints
resistance to fuels and fluids
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C.5 Severity of the service conditions in different rolling stock locations
The severity of the service conditions in different rolling stock locations is shown in Table C.2.
Table C.2 — Minimum severity of service conditions in different rolling stock locations
Location of the equipment on board rolling stock a
Definition Standard 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
EN 50124–
Pollution degree PD2 PD2 PD3 PD3 PD3 PD4 PD4
1
Category Category Category Category Category Category Category

Vibration and shock EN 61373
1B 1B 1B 1B 1B 2 3
a
The location numbers refer to Figure C.1.
In the example below, temperature class OT3 is specified for the integration of the equipment into the
vehicle cabinet (Equipment = PBA inside his enclosure) and the temperature class OT4 is specified
for the single PBA inside the electronic enclosure (taking in account a temperature rise of 15 °C inside
its enclosure).
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Ambient temperature outside

the vehicle (info)
T3 : -25°C to +45°C
Ambient temperature inside

vehicle compartment (info)
OT4:-25°C to +85°C

PBA the electronic enclosure
OT3:-25°C to +70°C Ambient temperature indoor

vehicle cabinet
OT3: -25°C to +70°C Ambient temperature inside

the electronic enclosure
PBA
vehicle compartment
OT1: -25°C to +55°C
Figure C.2 — Integration of the equipment into the vehicle cabinet
In the example above, temperature class OT1 is specified for the integration of the equipment into the
vehicle compartment (Equipment = PBA inside its enclosure) and the temperature class OT3 is
specified for the single PBA inside their electronic enclosure (taking in account a temperature rise of
15 °C inside the enclosure).
The temperatures inside vehicle and cubicle are values measured in free air away from the heat
emitting elements.
If the equipment is to be installed in a controlled climatic environment, provided that the equipment is
not required to operate outside of those conditions, a narrow temperature range can be sufficient.
In electronic equipment, a thermal design is usually needed to guarantee a convenient minimum and
maximum ambient temperature for the electronic components. The reliability of the components is
very sensitive to the ambient temperature.
For peripheral units (measuring transducers, etc.), or if the equipment is in a decentralized
configuration, then if the above ambient temperature ranges are exceeded, a wider temperature
range can be needed.
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Annex D
(informative)
Example of test report compliance summary
Table D.1 — Test report compliance summary
Performed test Type Routine Subclause Performance level
Details in Routine and Type test

Visual inspection Yes Yes 13.4.1
specification
Details into Routine and Type test

Performance test Yes Yes 13.4.2
specification.
EN 60068–2–1
Low temperature start- Test Ab
Yes No 13.4.4
up test −40 °C (2 h)
Criterion A
EN 60068–2–2
Test Bd
Dry heat test Yes No 13.4.5
+70 °C (6 h)
+85 °C (10 min.)
EN 60068–2–30
Cyclic damp heat test Yes No 13.4.7 Test Db
2 cycles at 55 °C
Supply Voltage: 0,7 Un to 1,25 Un

Criterion A
Supply voltage: 0,6 Un to 1,40 Un
13.4.3.2 100 ms: Criterion A
Supply variations and
Yes No 13.4.3.3 Supply voltage: 1,25 Un to 1,40 Un
interruption test.
13.4.3.4 1 s: Criterion B
Interruption test 10 ms; (Class S2)
Low supply impedance.
Criterion A
EMC test Yes No 13.4.8 EN 50121–3–2
Insulation resistance between groups

is carried out at 500 V DC.
Criterion: Resistance > 20 MΩ
Voltage withstand test is carried out
Insulation test Yes Yes 13.4.9 at 750 V DC or 2 200 V DC during
10 s or 60 s. In case of test
repetition, the test is carried out using
the 80 % of the voltage withstand test
Criterion: No disruptive discharge.
Salt mist test Yes No 13.4.10 EN 60068–2–11, test Ka, 48h
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Performed test Type Routine Subclause Performance level
EN 61373
Vibration and shock test Yes No 13.4.11
category 1 Class B
Enclosure protection
No No 13.4.12 Not applicable
test (IP code)
Equipment stress
No No 13.4.13
screening
EN 60068–2–1
Low temperature Test Ab
Yes No 13.4.6
storage test −40 °C
16 h
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Annex E
(informative)
Life cycle model examples — Programmable component life cycle

example
Hardware life-cycle
Hardware Hardware or
requirements and Software/Hardware
architecture phase integration phase
Programmable Component
life-cycle Integration and
Requirement phase
validation phase
Programmable Programmable
component component
requirement Integration and
specification validation report
Architecture and Physical

Design phase implementation
phase
Programmable
component Programmable
architecture and component net-list /
design specification programming files
Programmable Programmable
component component synthesis
requirement and placement and
integration test routing validation
specification report
Coding phase
(V)HDL code and

supporting
documentation
Programmable
component source
code verification
report
Figure E.1 — Programmable component life cycle example
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Annex F
(informative)
Design guidelines for electronic hardware used on board of rolling

stock
F.1 Purpose of this annex
This design guideline corresponds with requirements of this standard and supports the developer of
electronic hardware in order to develop durable and robust electronic components for the use on
board of rolling stock.
F.2 Design Rules
F.2.1 Pollutants
The needs arising from the presence of contaminants should be kept in mind in the design of the
devices and/or components.
The type and concentration of pollutants (atmospheric and non-atmospheric) are shown in the table
below according to EN 50125–1.
Table F.1 — Type and concentration of pollutants
Pollutants CLASS according EN 60721–3–5

Chemically active substances 5C2
Fluids 5F2 - 5F3 in accordance with applicability
Biologically active substances 5B2
(including leaves, grass, pollen,
insects, fibres, etc.)
Dust 5S2
Dust granulometry:
from 80 µm to 200 µm = 10 % by weight;
from 0 µm to 80 µm = 90 % by weight.
NB: in case of moisture, dust can become conductive due to
the presence of metal particles and carbon.
Stones from the ballast max 15 mm diameter
This table does not take into account the reduction of pollutions in internal installation of cubicles or
boxes surrounding printed boards. Also special conditions (e.g. presence of sand, saline
atmospheres) are not covered.
F.2.2 Methods against ageing regarding energetic transient pulses
Transient pulses can occur, that might cause ageing of the equipment over time. Ageing is not
covered by the EMC test given in EN 50121-3-2.
To approach sufficient life time for battery referenced ports against ageing effects of energetic
transient pulses the following design rules are given:
Ports with small current and power dissipation (e.g. signal- and control inputs): If a voltage limiting
device is used (like clamping diode or overvoltage suppressor diode), use series resistor(s) in front of
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the voltage limiting device. This resistor will limit the current in the case of transient pulses. It should
be suitable for 2 kV maximum pulse voltage. This can be achieved alternatively by a series circuit of
more resistors each with rated voltage less than 2 kV.
Ports where series resistor(s) cannot be used (e.g. power supply ports, ports with high current or
where a voltage drop by a series resistor is not appropriate): use voltage suppressor elements with
high energy absorption capability.
Transient voltage suppressors can be used only in differential mode on I/O battery ports; transient
voltage suppressors are not recommended in common mode between battery signals and earth in
order to ensure the correct high dielectric insulation between those potentials.
The rated voltage of the input components shall be chosen to withstand the maximum clamping
voltage of the transient voltage suppressor element.
The general problem associated with dimensioning suppressor elements is, that real pulse shapes,
energy and frequency of occurrence is not known exactly in the development state of a product. Thus,
careful design with sufficient margin to low impedance energetic transient pulses is strongly
recommended. Furthermore, suppressor elements with sufficient energy absorption capability are
necessary, especially, if a series limiting current component (like a resistor) cannot be used.
In this context, ageing of varistors is a common problem of inadequate circuit design, which
consequently leads to a failure of the equipment. Careful design with sufficient severity level to the
varistors maximum limits is necessary. Another disadvantage is that the maximum clamping voltage is
significantly higher than the nominal voltage of varistors. Thus, the voltage level of the components
shall be designed in such a way that it withstands the maximum clamping voltage of a varistor.
Instead of varistors the use of transient voltage suppressor diodes is suggested. Their clamping
voltage is much lower, and there is no ageing. For some time, also transient voltage suppressor
diodes with high energy absorption rates have been available (for example 30kW), which do not need
a current limiting component (like a resistor).
Clamping to the metallic carbody should be avoided, because this can cause problems:
• uncontrolled capacitance to earth;
• earth fault detection systems of floating system voltage supply can fail.
In case of extended vehicle wirings of the system voltage supply high transient voltages can occur
against earth.
F.2.3 Capacitor to ground/earth
It is common to indicate earth faults on floating battery mains by electronic detection systems. The
summation of lots of capacitors to ground/earth leads to high capacitance between the isolated
battery mains to earth (carbody). Such high capacitance can cause the failure of the earth fault
detection systems. The use of Y – capacitors should be avoided at digital I/O ports. If they cannot be
avoided, they shall be designed according to EN 60384-14 (recommended class Y1 or Y2) and their
capacitance value should not exceed 10 nF. Higher capacitance values are subject to agreement
between manufacturer and system integrator.
F.2.4 Inside cabling for equipment
The feed and the return cables of a circuit shall be laid as close together as practicable, in particular
in the case of power cables emitting disturbances, and sensitive signal cables. Twisted cables or
cores should be used for this purpose, where available and practicable, see also EN 50343.
For EMC measures for cabling see EN 50343.
F.2.5 Earthing configuration
The equipment should operate correctly in systems with one of the battery poles earthed or with the
battery isolated from earth.
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F.2.6 Prototype testing
During prototyping, all functions according to the specification should be verified. It is highly
recommended to carry out all tests according to the type test specification.
F.2.7 Interfacing
Analogue and digital interfaces of electronic equipment should be galvanically isolated from their
internal ground reference. The electronic equipment should itself be isolated from the battery supply
of the equipment. If the interfaces are not galvanically isolated, they should be of differential type in
order to ensure adequate common-mode noise rejection.
F.2.8 Solder joint on PBA
No temperature values above 110 °C should occur at the solder joints caused by thermal power
dissipation of any components. Otherwise grain coarsening can happen and lead to destabilization of
the soldering point.
F.2.9 Derating
The derating of a component is the limitation of the thermal shocks and electrical stresses at levels
below the maximum level specified by the supplier. Its purpose is to reduce the rate of degradation
and prolong the operational life of the component.
Derating increases the margin of safety between the level of operating stress and that envisaged by
the supplier, reducing the failure rate of the component and providing additional protection from
system anomalies not foreseen by the designer. Derating also reduces the changes in the values and
parameters of components that might occur during the operational life cycle due to ageing. The
circuits should be specified so that such changes do not affect the declared performance and proper
operation of the equipment.
Combined effects of all the tolerances, new and those due to ageing, inside a single component and
between the various components should be taken into account during the design stage, considering
all the worst case combinations produced by environmental and operating conditions and the
dispersion of the characteristics of the components.
Statistical hypotheses based on the fact that only certain combinations of tolerances might take place
unless the parameters considered are invariably interdependent are not allowed.
The WORST CASE design is to be applied both as regards the level of stress to which the
components can be subjected and as regards the correct operation of the equipment.
Derating should be applied to all components of a piece of equipment applying the rules given. The
loading rates listed below represent the maximum stress values recommended and do not preclude
performing a further derating.
If the supplier uses derating factors (R) higher than the maximum ones specified below, they should
verify that the equipment meets all its requirements, particularly with regard to the reliability and life of
the components.
The designer of the equipment should size the components, taking into account the worst operating
conditions in which the component might be used in the railway environment.
The most important stress factors to be considered are temperature, voltage, current, power,
vibrations, etc.
Temperature stress should be reduced as much as possible while ensuring good thermal conduction
to the heat sinks and placing the temperature-sensitive components away from heat sources. The
designer should carefully evaluate and document the thermal resistances and the consequent
performance downgrading with respect to the nominal ratings of the components on the basis of the
ventilation and dissipation conditions of any radiators.
The electrical stresses, such as voltage, should be calculated including the highest transients
expected during operation.
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Table F.2 — Derating factor
SUGGESTED DERATING FACTOR R MAX R

WIRE-WOUND RESISTORS
R = ACTUAL POWER DISSIPATION 0,22

RATED POWER DISSIPATION AT 25 °C
R = ACTUAL WORKING VOLTAGE 0,8
RATED WORKING VOLTAGE
HOT SPOT TEMPERATURE AT HIGHEST AMBIENT TEMPERATURE < 120 °C
METAL FILM RESISTORS AND THIN FILM RESISTORS AND NETWORKS
R = ACTUAL POWER DISSIPATION < 0,8 according to

RATED POWER DISSIPATION AT 70 °C mounting and cooling
conditions

SURFACE TEMPERATURE AT HIGHEST AMBIENT TEMPERATURE < 120 °C
CARBON COMPOSITION RESISTORS / THICK FILM RESISTORS AND NETWORKS
R = ACTUAL POWER DISSIPATION 0,25

RATED POWER DISSIPATION AT 70 °C
SURFACE TEMPERATURE AT HIGHEST AMBIENT TEMPERATURE < 100 °C
LIQUID ALUMINIUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS
R = ACTUAL WORKING VOLTAGE Rmax = 0,8

RATED WORKING VOLTAGE Rmin = 0,4
R = ACTUAL WORKING CURRENT 0,7
SPECIFIED WORKING CURRENT AT 100 °C
USE DEVICES WITH AN OPERATING LIFE 5 000 h
AT 105 °C OF AT LEAST
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SOLID TANTALUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS

RATED WORKING VOLTAGE AT 100 °C
RATED WORKING CURRENT AT 100 °C
MINIMUM TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL BETWEEN 30 °C
MAXIMUM RATED TEMPERATURE AND ACTUAL
HOT SPOT TEMPERATURE AT HIGHEST AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE RISE 5 °C
REMARKS:
This kind of capacitor should be used with a series resistance of at least 1 Ω/V.
Do not use more than two capacitors in parallel of the same capacity without series resistor.
Do not use one tantalum and one electrolytic capacitors in parallel without series resistor.
Avoid the use of tantalum capacitors as far as possible.
FILM CAPACITORS

RATED WORKING VOLTAGE AT 100 °C
RATED WORKING CURRENT AT 100 °C

MAXIMUM RATED TEMPERATURE AND ACTUAL
HOT SPOT TEMPERATURE AT HIGHEST AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

for high temperature capacitors in resonant converters 20 °C
REMARKS:
Excessive voltage derating is not recommended for metallized film capacitors. Applied voltage should
be sufficiently high (0,1 V or greater) and circuit series resistance sufficiently low (1 kΩ or less) to
support self-healing phenomenon.
There are also types of film capacitors with advanced temperature range (like PPS capacitors), which
allow higher temperature rises.
CERAMIC CAPACITORS


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MICA AND GLASS CAPACITORS


REMARK: Components with glass bodies are problematic because of

mismatch of their thermal coefficient of expansion with that of the printed
board ➔ danger of cracks.
RECTIFYING, SWITCHING, SIGNAL DIODES
R = ACTUAL MEAN OPERATING CURRENT 0,25

RATED MEAN OPERATING CURRENT AT 25 °C 0,4
For power diode
R = ACTUAL PEAK INVERSE VOLTAGE 0,75
RATED PEAK INVERSE VOLTAGE

MAXIMUM RATED JUNCTION TEMPERATURE AND
ACTUAL JUNCTION TEMPERATURE
ZENER / TRANSIENT SUPPRESSOR DIODE
R = ACTUAL MEAN OPERATING POWER 0,15

RATED MEAN OPERATING POWER AT 25 °C 0,2
For power zener

ACTUAL JUNCTION TEMPERATURE AT HIGHEST AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
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THYRISTORS/IGBT
RATED MEAN OPERATING CURRENT AT 25 °C
R = ACTUAL PEAK INVERSE VOLTAGE 0,75

RATED PEAK INVERSE VOLTAGE
R = ACTUAL dI/dt 0,5

RATED dI/dt
R = ACTUAL dV/dt 0,5

RATED dV/dt

TEMPERATURE
LIGHT EMITTING DIODES

RATED MEAN OPERATING CURRENT AT 25 °C
If a failure of the LED causes only loss 0,5
of visual information

If a failure of the LED causes only loss 10 °C
of visual information
REMARK: Power LED application (i.e. for illumination) might be subjected
to other dimensioning.
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TRANSISTORS and MOSFET
R = ACTUAL MEAN OPERATING POWER 0,15
RATED MEAN OPERATING POWER AT 25 °C 0,2
For power transistor
R = ACTUAL PEAK OPERATING CURRENT 0,75

RATED PEAK OPERATING CURRENT AT 25 °C
R = ACTUAL PEAK OPERATING VOLTAGE 0,75

RATED PEAK OPERATING VOLTAGE

REMARKS:
The above given values are derived from classic through-feed technology. Surface Mounted Device
technology, depending on the cooling situation (i.e. ground planes or high density of heat dissipating
components in the vicinity), might lead to other dimensioning. To verify this situation, an infrared
camera is useful.
The operating point shall fall within the safe operating area (including second breakdown) calculated
at actual junction temperature with a safety margin not less than 20 % for worst-case circuit operating
conditions.
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DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
R = ACTUAL MAXIMUM SUPPLY VOLTAGE 0,8

RATED MAXIMUM SUPPLY VOLTAGE
Except for I.C. with a fixed supply voltage (e.g. TTL)
R = ACTUAL MAX OUTPUT CURRENT 0,8

RATED OUTPUT CURRENT AT 85 °C
Not applicable to single fan-out devices
R = ACTUAL MEAN POWER DISSIPATION 0,8

RATED MEAN POWER DISSIPATION AT 85 °C
PROPAGATION DELAYS TO BE USED IN 1,1

DESIGN CALCULATION
RATED MAX PROPAGATION DELAY OVER
TEMPERATURE RANGE
MAXIMUM SUPPLY VOLTAGE TOLERANCE ±5 %

TEMPERATURE
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LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS


GAIN, GBWP, CMRR, ETC. = 0,85

TO BE USED IN DESIGN CALCULATION
RATED VALUES OVER TEMPERATURE RANGE
LEAKAGE CURRENTS, OFFSET, ETC. = 1,25

RATED VALUES OVER TEMPERATURE RANGE

TEMPERATURE
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OPTOCOUPLERS
R = ACTUAL MAXIMUM SUPPLY VOLTAGE 0,8

RATED MAXIMUM SUPPLY VOLTAGE
Except for devices with a fixed supply voltage (e.g. 5V ± 5 %)
R = ACTUAL MAX INPUT CURRENT 0,8

RATED INPUT CURRENT AT 85 °C

CTR TO BE USED IN DESIGN CALCULATION = 0,8

RATED VALUE OVER TEMPERATURE RANGE
LEAKAGE CURRENTS = 1,25

RATED VALUE OVER TEMPERATURE RANGE

MAXIMUM RATED OPERATING TEMPERATURE AND
ACTUAL OPERATING TEMPERATURE (ambient and case)

TEMPERATURE
The ageing of the optocouplers component shall be taken into account.
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ISOLATION DEVICES (e.g. OPTOISOLATORS, TRANSFORMERS, ETC.)
R = ACTUAL PEAK OPERATING VOLTAGE 0,3
RATED PEAK INSULATION VOLTAGE
RELAYS AND SWITCHES (CURRENT RATING OF LESS THAN 25 A)
RATED DC CONTACT CURRENT AT 100 °C 0,4
RESISTIVE LOAD 0,2
INDUCTIVE LOAD 0,1
MOTOR
FILAMENT
R = ACTUAL CONTACT POWER 0,5
RATED CONTACT POWER
MAX NUMBER OF SWITCHING CYCLES = 0,5

RATED NUMBER OF SWITCHING CYCLES
MAX CONTACT RESISTANCE =2

RATED CONTACT RESISTANCE
MINIMUM TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL 15 °C

BETWEEN MAXIMUM RATED TEMPERATURE
AND ACTUAL TEMPERATURE
REMARK: The use of relays should be avoided on PCBs through a
couple of disadvantages: Stress of the PCB and its soldering
points by shock / vibration through switching, limited number
of switching cycles, high energy consumption and heat
dissipation.
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CONNECTORS
RATED DC CONTACT CURRENT AT 100 °C
R = ACTUAL WORKING VOLTAGE (PEAK) 0,42
RATED WORKING VOLTAGE (AC rms)
MAX NUMBER OF MATE / DEMATE CYCLES = 0,5

RATED NUMBER OF MATE / DEMATE CYCLES
MAX CONTACT RESISTANCE =2

RATED CONTACT RESISTANCE

MAXIMUM RATED HOT SPOT TEMPERATURE AND
ACTUAL HOT SPOT TEMPERATURE
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Annex G
(informative)
Non-railway designed electronic equipment
The use of non-railway designed electronic equipment (e.g. new technologies suitable for performing
a function required by the equipment, sometimes may be the only solution) is permitted providing
there is the fulfilment of some of the requirements of this standard. If this annex is applied, the
requirements herein stated shall be fulfilled.
The non-railway designed electronic equipment shall be identified and shall be provided that:
a) the number of such equipment within the whole equipment is kept reasonably low;
b) the following type test, specified in Table 12, shall be successfully carried out on the non-railway
equipment:
1) Type test 3;
2) Type tests 6 and 7: where the operating temperature of the equipment does not fulfil the
range of the operating temperature classes listed in Table 1 the supplier shall provide
mitigation provision;
3) Type tests 11 and 12;
4) Type tests 13; the supplier shall provide the test procedure.
The supplier shall provide a target level for field reliability according to 6.1.2. In case that the MTBF of
the component shall not be proven on the base of documents provided by the manufacturer, the
component itself should be submitted to an accelerated life test in order to verify the target level for
field reliability.
Furthermore, the component shall meet the following requirements:
• the insulation coordination of the equipment can be according to a different standard than
EN 50124-1 (e.g. EN 60950 series);
• if the minimum useful life class of the component used as part of an equipment is less than the
useful life required for such equipment, the supplier shall provide mitigation provision.
• interface specification carrying all the necessary information to permit replacement of the
equipment with another one from a different supplier is mandatory.
The following permissions apply:

• the design process may be not visible and auditable;
• design documentation (e.g. circuit diagram, component list, software documentation) may not be
required;
• spare capacity (e.g. spare inputs, spare outputs, CPU loading, etc.) for system expansion or
changes during the equipment life-cycle may be not available;
• polarity reversal of the incoming power supply may lead to failure;
• the component may be considered not-repairable;
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• moisture condensation may lead to malfunction or failure;
• some of the requirements specified in Clause 9 may be not applicable;
• some of the requirements specified in Clause 10 may be not applicable;
• cyclic damp heat test may be not required;
• salt mist test may be not required.
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Annex H
(informative)
Paragraphs with Agreements between the involved Parties
The following table provides the places inside the standard were agreements between the involved
parties are mentioned. In some cases for understanding the particular themes, the relevant
paragraphs are complemented in the subsequent table with surrounding paragraphs and / or higher
ranking heading(s) of the standard.
The table is given without demand on completeness.
No. Section Text paragraph
1. 4.2.2 Performance If agreed between the involved parties, the normal performance level (all
criterion A functions are working as specified) can be replaced by a minimum
performance level.
2. 4.2.4 Performance During the test/event temporary loss of function is allowed. The
criterion C equipment could:
- ...
- manually restart or process controlled restart. In this case this
shall be agreed between user and supplier and/or clearly defined
in the user manual. In this case the user manual shall be
available the user at the tender stage.
3. 4.3.1 Altitude The altitude at which the equipment is normally to function does not
exceed the values called for in EN 50125–1:2014, Table 1 “Classes of
altitude range”. When it exceeds the value in the table, compliance with
the requirements shall be defined by agreement between supplier and
user.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of category A1 apply.
4. 4.4 Special service Special arrangements shall be agreed between the appropriate parties
conditions involved when service conditions can be proved to be different from those
4.4.1 General mentioned in 4.3 (e.g. electronic equipment mounted on the bogie or
integrated within a power converter, etc.). Checks for the effectiveness of
such arrangements can, if required, form the subject of optional type tests
which can be carried out on the vehicle itself in accordance with methods
to be agreed between the involved parties.
5. 5.1.1.4 Interruptions For a voltage interruption longer than specified in Table 6, the behaviour
of voltage supply of the equipment shall be agreed between the involved parties
6. 5.1.2 Supply by a Characteristics (e.g. range, fluctuation, ripple factor) of the output voltage
specified source of the stabilized supply and input voltage of the equipment shall fit
together.
The specification shall be agreed between the involved parties
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7. 6.1.1 Predicted The user can require from the supplier a reliability prediction calculation.
reliability The user may require the manufacturer to predict his reliability figure or
meet the user's reliability target.
The method of calculation shall be agreed at the time of tendering
between the manufacturer and the user, and shall be in accordance with
a recognized standard.
8. 6.1.2 Proof of The Reliability Demonstration Plan shall be agreed between supplier and
reliability user.
9. 6.2 Useful life Table 9 —Life Class LX: As agreed by the involved parties
10. 6.3 Maintainability Unless otherwise agreed the equipment should be designed such that
6.3.1 General regular periodic maintenance is not necessary.
11. 6.3.3 Corrective The user and the supplier shall agree on the line replaceable units (LRU).
Maintenance These units shall be designed to be easily exchanged.
6.3.3.1 On-vehicle
diagnosis and repair
12. 7.2.5 Unless otherwise agreed all individual printed board assemblies forming
Interchangeability part of a system shall be functionally complete and fully interchangeable
with any other unit of the same functional type without the need for any
recalibration of the hardware after the board has been inserted in the
system.
13. Clause 8 Non- In some special cases (e.g. passenger entertainment, new technologies),
railway designed it might be necessary to use equipment that is not fully compliant with the
electronic equipment requirements of this standard.
In such case, an agreement is necessary between the involved parties
and Annex G provides a guideline to handle the process of proof of
applicability.
14. Clause 9 The component documentation is delivered only under specific request of
Components the user and is submitted to a contract agreement between supplier and
9.1 General user regarding the confidentiality and the rights of use of those
documents.
15. 10.7 Protective Table 10 —Protective coatings Class PCX: As agreed between user and
coatings for printed supplier
board assemblies
16. 10.10 Cooling and Cooling shall not be achieved by the forced induction of air into the
ventilation equipment enclosure, unless precautions agreed between involved
parties are taken to ensure that the life of the equipment is not thereby
adversely affected by the introduction of contaminants.
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17. 12.2 Supply and As a minimum the datasheet and user’s manual of the equipment shall be
storage of given to the user.
documentation For any additional documentation the supplier and user shall agree in
writing:
a) the quantity, scope, content, presentation, medium and updating
process of documentation required by the user;
b) the scope, conditions and duration applying to the storage of
documentation by the supplier.
18. 12.7 Design The design documentation describes the detailed design of the electronic
documentation equipment and all detailed information regarding the internal
12.7.1 General functionalities of this electronic equipment.
The design documentation is delivered only as a specific request of the
user and is subject to a contractual agreement between the involved
parties.
19. 12.7.7 The manufacturing data are all necessary information for the
Documentation – manufacturing and the assembly of the PBA or electronic equipment. The
Hardware manufacturing data are delivered only under specific request of the user
12.7.7.2 and are submitted to a contract agreement between supplier and user
Manufacturing data regarding the confidentiality and the rights of use of those documents.
20. 12.7.7 Class M0: The documents listed in the column “Class M0” of Table 11
Documentation – shall be available according to the contractual agreement between the
Hardware involved parties. These documents shall be sufficiently precise to allow
12.7.7.3 subsequent redesign of a ‘functionally equivalent component at interface
Programmable level’
component (FPGA, Class M1: The documents listed in the column “Class M1” of Table 11
PLD, ASIC, etc) shall be available according to the contractual agreement between the
involved parties. These documents shall be sufficiently precise to allow a
modification of the design. For this purpose, the supplier shall
demonstrate that the delivered source code (with design constraints and
procedure) allows the correct generation of the programming file. If the
generated and original files are not totally identical, the functionality of the
component using the generated file shall be validated.
21. 12.7.9 Repair and The Repair and Maintenance documents are delivered only under
Maintenance specific request of the user and are submitted to a contract agreement
Documentation between supplier and user regarding the confidentiality and the rights of
12.7.9.1 General use of those documents.
22. Clause 13 Testing The requirements not associated to a test procedure shall be verified at
13.1 General the design review level. Additional requirements, acceptance criteria and
the related verification/test shall be agreed between the involved parties
at the tender stage.
Since some of the tests subject to agreement may be costly, it is
advisable to carry out only those tests which are necessary. The user
may require to witness and check the results of any tests. Arrangements
for this shall be contained in the contract.
23. 13.2 Categories of At the time of tendering, the user shall identify any tests subject to
tests agreement (see Table 12 - List of tests).
13.2.1 General
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24. 13.2.2 Type tests The type test sequence starts with visual inspection and a performance
test. After all type tests have been performed the visual inspection and
performance test shall be repeated.
Some or all of the type tests may be repeated from time to time on
samples drawn from current production or deliveries, according to an
agreement between the user and the supplier, so as to confirm that the
quality of the product still meets the specified requirements.
25. 13.2.4 Investigation Investigation tests are intended to obtain additional information by means
tests of reports regarding the performance of the electronic equipment outside
its specified requirements. They shall be specially requested by the
supplier or by the user and subjected to contract agreement.
26. 13.3 Tests summary, NOTE 2 - Tests marked “O” are subject to contract agreement between
Table 12 the user and the supplier.
27. 13.4.13 Equipment As appropriate to the equipment under consideration, the process, and
stress screening test the tests to be applied to the equipment, shall be agreed at the time of
tender between involved parties.
28. Annex C, Severity of The intended use of rolling stock is affected by the geographical
the service destination and whether it is used underground or above ground. The
conditions in different specific conditions for equipment may differ depending on such intended
rolling stock use (e.g. underground requirements for fire protection and for resistance
locations: to UV are different than for above ground). The relevant requirements
C.3 Intended use of shall be agreed by supplier and user.
rolling stock
29. Annex C: If the equipment is to be installed in a controlled climatic environment,

C.5 Severity of the provided that the equipment is not required to operate outside of those
service conditions in conditions, the temperature range shall be agreed between user and
different rolling stock supplier.
locations
30. Annex F, Design If they cannot be avoided, they shall be designed according to
Guidelines: EN 60384–14 (recommended class Y1 or Y2) and their capacitance
F.2.3 Capacitor to value should not exceed 10 nF. Higher capacitance values are subject to
ground/earth agreement between manufacturer and system integrator.
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Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential

Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association and within its scope the standard covers all
relevant essential requirements as given in Annex lll of the EC Directive 2008/57/EC (also named as
New Approach Directive 2008/57/EC Rail Systems: Interoperability).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has
been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses
of this standard given in Table ZZ.1 for “Locomotives and Passenger Rolling Stock”, Table ZZ.2 for
“Control, Command and Signalling” confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a
presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and
associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZZ.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard, the TSI “Locomotives and
Passenger Rolling Stock” (REGULATION (EU) No 1302/2014 of 18 November 2014) and
Directive 2008/57/EC
Clauses of this Chapter / § / points / of Essential Requirements Comments

European Standard LOC & PAS TSI RST (ER) of
All clauses are 4.2. Functional and 1. General Only elements having
applicable (except technical specification of Requirements requirements related
those specifically listed the sub-system 1.1 Safety to safety and/or
below, which refer to All clauses dealing with reliability-availability
1.1.1
specific requirements) electronic equipment as stated in clause 3
1.2. Reliability and of the TSI.
(electronic devices
availability
implementing,
controlling or monitoring Only aspects related
the equipment) 2. Requirements to hardware are
specific to each sub- covered.
4.3 - Environmental 4.2.6.1. Environmental
subsystem
service conditions conditions — general
4.4 - Special service This standard has an
conditions 2.4. Rolling Stock indirect impact on
safety, as a
Clause 12 - 4.2.12. Documentation prerequisite.
Documentation 2.4.1 Safety
Clause 13 - Testing 6.2.3.5. Conformity It is suggested to

assessment for safety 2.4.2. Reliability and
availability mention EN 50155 as
requirements voluntary standard in
the TSI Application
2.4.3. Technical Guide.
compatibility
Annex VI
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Table ZZ.2 — Correspondence between this European Standard, the CCS TSI (COMMISSION
REGULATION (EU) 2016/919 of 27 May 2016) and Directive 2008/57/EC
Clauses of this Chapter / § / points / Essential Requirements Comments

European Standard of CCS TSI (ER) of
All clauses are 3.2. Specific Aspects 2. Requirements specific This standard has an
applicable (except those of the Control- to each sub-subsystem indirect impact on
specifically listed below, Command and safety, as a prerequisite.
which refer to specific Signalling
2.3. Control Command
requirements) Subsystems
and signalling This standard should be
considered as reference
3.2.1. Safety by the Notified Body for
2.3.1 Safety
all rolling stock safety
related equipment and
3.2.2. Reliability and
2.3.2 Technical systems.
Availability
compatibility
3.2.5. Technical
Compatibility
3.2.5.1. Engineering
Compatibility
4.3 - Environmental 3.2.5.1.1. Physical
service conditions environmental
4.4 - Special service conditions
conditions
4.3.6 - Electromagnetic 3.2.5.1.2. Railway
compatibility. Internal
Electromagnetic
Compatibility
WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products falling
within the scope of this standard.
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Bibliography
[1] EN 50343, Railway applications — Rolling stock — Rules for installation of cabling
[2] EN 60077-1, Railway applications — Electric equipment for rolling stock — Part 1: General
service conditions and general rules (IEC 60077-1)
[3] EN 60300-3-2, Dependability management — Part 3-2: Application guide — Collection of

dependability data from the field (IEC 60300-3-2)
[4] EN 60384-14, Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment — Part 14: Sectional
specification — Fixed capacitors for electromagnetic interference suppression and connection
to the supply mains (IEC 60384-14)
[5] EN 60721-3-5, Classification of environmental conditions — Part 3: Classification of groups of

environmental parameters and their severities — Section 5: Ground vehicle installations
(IEC 60721-3-5)
[6] EN 60950 (all parts), Information technology equipment – Safety (IEC 60950, all parts)
[7] EN 61000-4-29, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-29: Testing and measurement
techniques — Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on d.c. input power port
immunity tests (IEC 61000-4-29)
[8] EN 61014, Programmes for reliability growth (IEC 61014)
[9] EN 61082-1, Preparation of documents used in electrotechnology — Part 1: Rules

(IEC 61082-1)
[10] EN 61124, Reliability testing — Compliance tests for constant failure rate and constant failure
intensity (IEC 61124)
[11] EN 61163-1:2006, Reliability stress screening — Part 1: Repairable assemblies manufactured

in lots (IEC 61163-1:2006)
[12] EN 61287-1, Railway applications — Power converters installed on board rolling stock —
Part 1: Characteristics and test methods (IEC 61287-1)
[13] EN 62506, Methods for product accelerated testing (IEC 62506)
[14] EN ISO 9001:2015, Quality management systems — Requirements (ISO 9001:2015)
[15] IEC 60050, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
[16] IEC 60300-3-5, Dependability management — Part 3-5: Application guide — Reliability test
conditions and statistical test principles
[17] IEC 60319, Presentation and specification of reliability data for electronic components
[18] IEC 60605-2, Equipment reliability testing — Part 2: Design of test cycles
[19] IEC 60605-4, Equipment reliability testing — Part 4: Statistical procedures for exponential
distribution — Point estimates, confidence intervals, prediction intervals and tolerance
intervals
104
BS EN 50155:2017
EN 50155:2017 (E)
[20] IEC 60605-6, Equipment reliability testing — Part 6: Tests for the validity and estimation of the
constant failure rate and constant failure intensity
[21] IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams [Database]
[22] IEC 61070, Compliance test procedures for steady-state availability
[23] IEC 61123, Reliability testing — Compliance test plans for success ratio
[24] IEC/TR 62380, Reliability data handbook — Universal model for reliability prediction of
electronics components, PCBs and equipment
[25] MIL-HDBK-781A:1996, US Department of Defense: Handbook for Reliability Test Methods,

Plans, and Environments for Engineering Development Qualification and Production
[26] NASA-HDBK-4008:2013, Programmable Logic Devices (PLD) Handbook
105
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Railway applications - Rolling stock

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50155

ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 50155:2007

Railway applications - Rolling stock - Electronic equipment

Applications ferroviaires - Équipements électroniques Bahnanwendungen - Elektronische Einrichtungen auf

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

Ref. No. EN 50155:2017 E

European foreword ............................................................................................................................... 9

5.2.6 Insulation ......................................................................................................................... 29

10.12 Reworking, modification and repair of electronic assemblies ............................................ 45

13.4.7 Cyclic damp heat test ..................................................................................................... 65

F.2.8 Solder joint on PBA ......................................................................................................... 85

Figure 7 — Temporary supply overvoltages (b) .............................................................................. 58

The following dates are fixed:

• latest date by which this document has (dop) 2018-04-13

a) revision of Clause 1, Scope;

b) revision of Clause 2, Normative references;

c) revision of Clause 3, Terms, definitions and abbreviations, with reorganisation of subclauses;

d) improvement of Clause 4, General requirements, in terms of better wording, requirement

e) revision of Clause 5, Electrical service conditions, with reorganisation of subclauses;

g) revision of Clause 7, Design;

h) introduction of a new Clause 8, Non-railway designed electronic equipment;

i) renumbering of previous Clause 8 to Clause 9, Components, and revision;

j) renumbering of previous Clause 9 to Clause 10, Construction, and introduction of new

l) renumbering of previous Clause 11 to Clause 12, Documentation, and introduction of new

n) introduction of the following informative Annexes:

1) Annex A - List of default requirements of EN 50155 and related clauses;

2) Annex B - Testing approach;

3) Annex C - Severity of the service conditions in different rolling stock locations;

4) Annex D - Example of test report compliance summary;

5) Annex E - Life cycle model examples;

7) Annex G - Non-railway designed electronic equipment;

o) Bibliography (extended and corrected).

Figure 1 — Roles and relationship of user and/or supplier

EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015, Railway applications — Fire protection on railway vehicles — Part 2:

EN 50121-3-2:2016, Railway applications — Electromagnetic compatibility — Part 3-2: Rolling stock -

EN 50124-1:2017, Railway applications — Insulation coordination — Part 1: Basic requirements -

EN 50125-1:2014, Railway applications — Environmental conditions for equipment — Part 1: Rolling

EN 50126-1:2017, Railway Applications — The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability,

EN 50153:2014, Railway applications — Rolling stock — Protective provisions relating to electrical

EN 50657:2017, Railway applications — Rolling stock applications — Software onboard of rolling

EN 60352-1:1997, Solderless connections — Part 1: Wrapped connections — General requirements,

EN 60352-2:2006, Solderless connections — Part 2: Crimped connections — General requirements,

EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)

EN 62326 (all parts), Printed boards (IEC 62326 series)

ISO/IEC/IEEE 15289:2017, Systems and software engineering — Content of life-cycle information

IPC-A-600 (H):2010, Acceptability of Printed Boards

IPC-A-610 (E):2010, Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies

IPC-2220:2010 series, Family of Design Documents

IPC-2221 (B):2012, Generic Standard on Printed Board Design

IPC-2223 (C):2011, Sectional Design Standard for Flexible Printed Boards

IPC-7711B/7721B:2007, Rework, Modification and Repair of Electronic Assemblies

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations

3.1 Terms and definitions

• their structure (e.g. single and double sided, multilayers);

• the nature of the base material (e.g. rigid, flexible)

[SOURCE: IEV ref.541-01-03, modified — The definition was grammatically modified.]

[SOURCE: IEV ref 581-25-04]

[SOURCE: IEV ref 581-25-01]