SOAL ASISTENSI PERTEMUAN VI

Assitant Lecturer : Aji Putera Tanumihardja

TRUE OR FALSE
1. A Poisson random variable counts the number of successes (occurrences of a certain
event) over a given interval of time or space.
2. A continuous random variable is characterized by uncountable values and can take on any
value within an interval.
3. We are often interested in finding the probability that a continuous random variable
assumes a particular value.
4. The probability density function of a continuous uniform distribution is positive for all
values between -∞ and +∞.
5. The probability density function of a normal distribution is in general characterized by
being symmetric and bell-shaped.
6. Given that the probability distribution is normal, it is completely described by its mean μ
> 0 and its standard deviation σ > 0.
7. Just as in the case of the continuous uniform distribution, the probability density function
of the normal distribution may be easily used to compute probabilities.
8. The standard normal distribution is a normal distribution with a mean equal to zero and a
standard deviation equal to one.
9. The letter Z is used to denote a random variable with any normal distribution.
 MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following does not represent a continuous random variable?
A. Height of oak trees in a park.
B. Heights and weights of newborn babies.
C. Time of a flight between Chicago and New York.
D. The number of customer arrivals to a bank between 10 am and 11 am.

2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a probability density function f(x)?

A. f(x) ≥ 0 for all values of x.
B. f(x) is symmetric around the mean.
C. The area under f(x) over all values of x equals one.
D. f(x) becomes zero or approaches zero if x increases to +infinity or decreases to -infinity.

3. A continuous random variable has the uniform distribution on the interval [a, b] if its probability
density function f(x) __________.
A. Is symmetric around its mean
B. Is bell-shaped between a and b
C. Is constant for all x between a and b, and 0 otherwise
D. Asymptotically approaches the x axis when x increases to +∞ or decreases to -∞

04. The waiting time at an elevator is uniformly distributed between 30 and 200 seconds. What is
the probability a rider must wait between 1 minute and 1.5 minutes?
A. 0.1765
B. 0.3529
C. 0.5294
D. 0.8824

05. The waiting time at an elevator is uniformly distributed between 30 and 200 seconds. What is
the probability a rider must wait more than 1.5 minutes?
A. 0.3529
B. 0.4500
C. 0.5294
D. 0.6471
06. What does it mean when we say that the tails of the normal curve are asymptotic to the x
axis?
A. The tails get closer and closer to the x axis but never touch it.
B. The tails gets closer and closer to the x axis and eventually touch it.
C. The tails get closer and closer to the x axis and eventually cross this axis.
D. The tails get closer and closer to the x axis and eventually become this axis.

07. The probability that a normal random variable is less than its mean is ___.
A. 0.0
B. 0.5
C. 1.0
D. Cannot be determined

08. It is known that the length of a certain product X is normally distributed with μ = 20 inches.

How is the probability related to ?

A. is greater than .
B. is smaller than .
C. is the same as .
D. No comparison can be made with the given information.

09. It is known that the length of a certain product X is normally distributed with μ = 20 inches.
How is the probability related to ?
A. is greater than .
B. is smaller than .
C. is the same as .
D. No comparison can be made with the given information.

10. Let X be normally distributed with mean µ = 25 and standard deviation σ = 5. Find the value
x such that P(X ≥ x) = 0.1736.
A. -0.94
B. 0.94
C. 20.30
D. 29.70
11. The salary of teachers in a particular school district is normally distributed with a mean of
$50,000 and a standard deviation of $2,500. Due to budget limitations, it has been decided that
the teachers who are in the top 2.5% of the salaries would not get a raise. What is the salary level
that divides the teachers into one group that gets a raise and one that doesn't?
A. -1.96
B. 1.96
C. 45,100
D. 54,900

12. Let X be normally distributed with mean µ = 150 and standard deviation σ = 40. Find the
value x -such that P ( X  x ) = 0.9394

13. A test scores for the whole students at a university are normally distributed with a mean
of 78 and a standard deviation of 7. What is the probability that a person would score at
least 71?
14. The amount of time, in minutes, that a person must wait for a bus is uniformly distributed
between 0 and 15 minutes, inclusive. Ninety percent of the time, the time a person must
wait falls below what value?
15.. A corporation usually gets 360 e-mails in each 6 hours of work. What is the probability
that the corporation will get at least 2 e-mails in 10 minutes?

16.. A bank is interested in studying the number of people using the ATM located outside its
office late at night. On overage, 1.6 customers walk up to the ATM during any 10 minutes
interval between 9 pm and midnight. What is the probability of 3 or fewer people using the
ATM during any 10-minute interval?

17.. The number of patients arriving at an emergency department is 6 per hour. Find the
probability of 7 patients arriving in any 90-minute period.

18.. Larasati and Budiman work at the sales department of a wePhone Store. Larasati has been
signing in an average of 58 new cell phone customers every month with a standard deviation
of 22, while Budiman signs in an average of 66 new customers with a standard deviation of 27.
The store manager offers both Larasati and Budiman a Rp.5,000,000 incentive bonus if they
can sign in more than 100 new customers in a month. Assume a normal distribution to answer
the following questions.

• What is the probability that Larasati will earn the Rp.5,000,000 incentive bonus?
• What is the probability that Budiman will earn the Rp.5,000,000 incentive bonus?
19.. The number of calls coming per minute into a hotel reservation center is 3. Assume that
the number of calls arriving in two different minutes are independent. Find the probability that
at least two calls will arrive in each minute for the first two-minute period.
20.. Suppose the average price of gasoline for a city in Indonesia follows a continuous
uniform distribution with a lower bound of $3.50 per gallon and an upper bound of $3.80 per
gallon. What is the probability a randomly chosen gas station charges more than $3.70 per
gallon?
21.. The waiting time at an elevator is uniformly distributed between 30 and 200 seconds.
What is the probability a rider must wait more than 1.5 minutes?
22.. Suppose you are a manager of bond transaction in the Quality Assurance for an investment
firm. A clerk types 60 words per minute with 4 errors per hour.
a. What is the probability of 0 errors in a 1000-word bond transaction?
b. What is the probability of more than 2 errors in 1000-word bond transaction?
c. What is the probability of at least 1 error in 1000-word bond transaction?

23.. Renata is a manager of a financing company. According to her 10-year experience, she
estimates that the probability of a customer will not be able to repay his/her installment is
0.025. Last month she made 50 loans. As Renata’s friend who studied statistics, you are
being asked by Renata to:
a. Calculate the probability that no one of the customer will be defaulted, and state your
result in a brief sentence.
b. Calculate the probability that at least 3 persons will be defaulted and state your result
in a brief sentence.
c. Explain the assumptions that you made for counting the probability.
d. Renata will revise the terms of credit if the probability that at least 5 persons or more
will be defaulted is more than 20%. According to your calculation, do you think renata
has to revise the terms of credit? Explain!

24.. An automobile battery is designed so that its lifetime (in months) is approximately
normally distributed with mean 28.4 months and standard deviation 2.8 months. The
manufacturer decided to apply a marketing campaign in which the battery is covered by
warranty for 24 months.
a. Approximately what proportion of the batteries will fail the warranty?
b. If the manufacturer succeeds to make improvement on the quality of its batteries such
that their average lifetime increases by 10 percent but with standard deviation
increases to 3.1 months, what proportion of the batteries will fail the warranty? State
your result in a brief sentence.
c. Suppose with condition in (a) the manufacturer wants the batteries that will fail the
warranty is only 3 percent, what is the warranty of the lifetime should be given? State
your result in a brief sentence.
d. Suppose with condition in (b) the manufacturer wants the batteries that will fail the
warranty is only 2 percent, what is the warranty of the lifetime should be given? State
your result in a brief sentence.
25.. Management is considering adopting a bonus system to increase production. One
suggestion is to pay a bonus on the highest 5 percent of production based on past experience.
Past records indicate that, on the average, 4,100 units of a small assembly are produced during
a week. The distribution of the weekly production is approximately normally distributed with
a standard deviation of 100 units. If the bonus is paid on the upper 5 percent of production, the
bonus will be paid on how many units or more?

26.. An owner of a café wants to know the number of baristas to be allocated on Monday
mornings. For that purpose he conducts an observation on the number of customers between
07.30 – 09.00 AM. The number of customers are counted for the duration of every 5 minutes
at random for several Mondays. The result are presented at table below.
Number of customers
Frequency
Coming Every 5 Minutes
0 3
1 21
2 30
3 21
4 18
5 15
6 6
7 3
8 3
Total 120

Questions
a. Construct a probability distribution on the number of customers come within an
interval of five minutes based on the table above.
b. Calculate the expected value of the number of customers come within an interval of
five minutes.
c. The expected value is then used for a theoretical Poisson distribution for the number
of customers come within an interval of five minutes. Find the probability that at most
four customer come within that interval.
d. What is the probability that more than one customer comes during two consecutive
five minute interval.
e. Compare the empirical distribution (on Question 1) and theoretical distribution (on
Question3) for up to four customers coming to the café. Does theoretical Poisson
distribution is a good approximation for this case? Explain why.
27.. Head of emergency unit for a hospital wants to increase its service. She considers
additional doctors for her unit. Before hiring new staffs she looked at past data from 25 days
chosen at random on the number of patients requiring emergency care. The daily patients
looking for emergency help are as follows.
Day Patients Day Patients Day Patients Day Patients Day Patients
1 5 6 3 11 4 16 7 21 5
2 4 7 4 12 2 17 5 22 1
3 7 8 6 13 8 18 8 23 9
4 5 9 3 14 0 19 7 24 6
5 8 10 5 15 3 20 2 25 8

She believes that patients coming to emergency unit follow Poisson distribution, so that
she uses the data to calculate the mean of coming.
1. What is the expected value of number of patients coming for a period of two days?
2. What is the probability that at a certain day, there are five patients coming to the
emergency unit?
3. What is the probability that at a certain day, there are more than two patients coming
to the emergency unit?
4. What is the probability that at a three consecutive days, there will be more than two
patients at each day coming to the emergency unit?
5. What is the probability that at a two consecutive days there will be either one patient
at one day or at least one patient at the other day coming to the emergency unit?

28.. With the growing life style of people drinking coffee, it is found that in recent years about
two-thirds of Indonesian households purchased ground coffee. It is known that the monthly
expenditures for household purchasing ground coffee is normally distributed with a mean
Rp65,000.00 and a standard deviation of Rp10,000.00.
a. Define the properties of a normal distribution!
b. Find the probability that a household spent less than Rp 35,000.00
c. 99% of the household spent less than what amount?
d. What is the lower and upper limits of of 95% household in the middle of the distribution
of expenditures for ground coffee?