PhBL202 Microbial cell structure & Function Assign.

# 9

Assignment on Lecture # 9
I. Multiple Choice Questions (Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question)
A. They are bacterial reproductive structures.
1. Bacteria with type IV pili B. They enable organisms to endure extremes
A. possess tubular or stalk-like extensions of their of temperature, drying, and nutrient
cells. depletion.
B. likely exhibit twitching motility. C. They transport toxins.
C. have capsules that promote dehydration. D. Endospores can serve as reproductive
D. live in aquatic environments. structures, enable survival in harsh
environments, and transport toxins.
2. Using phase contrast microscopy on a wet
mount of live cells, you observe motile bacilli 7. When does endospore formation
moving rapidly and randomly through the field of commence?
view, changing directions after a brief tumble and A. when bacterial growth ceases due to
taking off in a different direction. These cells are limitation of an essential nutrient
exhibiting ________ motility. B. when the bacterium is undergoing binary
A. twitching fission
B. swimming C. when bacteria are dividing exponentially
C. gliding D. following bacterial death
D. twitching or gliding

8. Small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs)

3. Cellular inclusions in prokaryotic cells serve to protect DNA from ultraviolet light and
A. store energy rich compounds. are found in high numbers within
B. protect DNA. A. gram-positive Bacteria.
C. position cells in the appropriate environment for B. endospores.
survival. C. inclusion bodies.
D. store energy rich compounds and position cells D. gram-negative Bacteria.
in the appropriate environment for survival.
9. Type IV pili are involved in
4. A major function of prokaryotic gas vesicles is A. attachment of cells to surfaces.
to B. twitching motility.
A. confer buoyancy on cells by decreasing their C. pathogenesis.
density. D. attachment to surfaces, twitching
B. serve as a reservoir for oxygen and carbon motility, and pathogenesis.
dioxide.
C. keep the cell’s organelles separated during 10. You find endospores of a particular
flagellar motion. species. Which of the following is most
D. store oxygen for aerobic growth when oxygen likely TRUE of this species?
becomes depleted in the environment. A. It is an archaean.
B. It is a gram positive bacterium.
5. The membrane of a gas vesicle is C. It is a gram negative bacterium.
composed of D. It is equally likely to be an archaean, a
A. various phospholipids. gram positive bacterium, or a gram
B. proteins. negative bacterium.
C. carbohydrates.
D. both glycoproteins and phospholipids 11. In general, most cell inclusions function
as energy reserves or as a reservoir of
6. What is the biological function of structural building blocks.
endospores?
PhBL202 Microbial cell structure & Function Assign. # 9

A. True 17. In the bacterial world, a gene located on

B. False which of the following would be the LEAST
likely to be transferred?
12. The entire complement of DNA produced A. R factor
under a given set of conditions is called B. the chromosome
a(n) C. F+
D. the phage Mu
A. array.
B. genome.
C. proteome. 18. Plasmids are
D. transcriptome. A. Mostly small circular single stranded
DNA molecules
a) Plasmids often encode for proteins B. Mostly small circular double stranded
DNA molecules
A. required for cellular growth. C. Mostly small linear double stranded
B. that confer resistance to antibiotics. DNA molecules
C. involved in translation. D. Mostly small linear single stranded
D. involved in DNA replication DNA molecules

13. Most mobile DNA consists of 19. Rolling circle replication occurs in
A. transposable elements.
B. plasmids. A. Most plasmids of gram negative bacteria
C. introns. and a few of gram positive bacteria
D. linear chromosomes. B. Most plasmids of gram positive bacteria
and a few of gram negative bacteria
C. In bacteriophage
D. In both gram negative and gram positive
14. In addition to chromosomes, some chromosomes
bacteria also contain other genetic
material known as 20. Sec pathway of protein translocation
A. transposons.
B. plasmids. A. Transport folded proteins
C. proteomes. B. Transport Unfolded proteins
D. lysosomes. C. Transport incorrectly folded proteins
D. Transport correctly folded proteins
15. In the laboratory, cells can be rendered
____ by the use of cold calcium chloride 21. Type III sec system commonly known as
or electroporation.
A. Transducible A. Injectisome
B. Conjugated B. Carboxysome
C. Competent C. Magnetosome
D. Transposable D. Ribosomes
E. Recombinated
22. T2SS is
16. Plasmids that govern their own transfer
are known as A. Sec dependent
B. Sec independent
A. transformable. C. Tat Pathway
B. conjugative. D. None of the above
C. transmutable. 23. Homologous recombination
D. transfective.
A. could occur in transformation
B. could occur in conjugation
PhBL202 Microbial cell structure & Function Assign. # 9

C. could occur in transduction

D. all the above
24. Specialized transduction can be
distinguished from generalized
transduction by the fact that
A. homologous recombination is involved
in the former but usually not the latter
B. transducing particles are involved in the
former but usually not the latter
C. a selective medium is required to
demonstrate the former but usually not
the latter
D. lysogeny is involved in the former but
usually not the latter

25. What is Cas9 and what does it do?

A. an RNA molecule that binds to target
DNA via complementary base pairing
B. a DNA sequence that binds the Cas9
protein
C. a viral protein that disrupts bacterial
membranes
D. a protein enzyme that cuts both strands
of DNA at sites specified by an RNA
guide