Edwin Lutyens

Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens OM KCIE PRA FRIBA (/ˈlʌtjənz/ LUT-

Sir
yənz; 29 March 1869 – 1 January 1944)[2] was an English architect
known for imaginatively adapting traditional architectural styles to the Edwin Lutyens
requirements of his era. He designed many English country houses, OM KCIE RA FRIBA
war memorials and public buildings. In his biography, the writer
Christopher Hussey wrote, "In his lifetime (Lutyens) was widely held
to be our greatest architect since Wren if not, as many maintained, his
superior".[3] The architectural historian Gavin Stamp described him as
"surely the greatest British architect of the twentieth (or of any other)
century".[4]

Lutyens played an instrumental role in designing and building New

Delhi, which would later on serve as the seat of the Government of
India.[5] In recognition of his contribution, New Delhi is also known
as "Lutyens' Delhi". In collaboration with Sir Herbert Baker, he was
also the main architect of several monuments in New Delhi such as
the India Gate; he also designed Viceroy's House, which is now
known as the Rashtrapati Bhavan. Many of his works were inspired
by Indian architecture.[6][7]

Born Edwin Landseer

Lutyens
Contents 29 March 1869
Early life Kensington, London,
England
Private practice
Died 1 January 1944
Works
(aged 74)
Recognition
Marylebone, London,
New Delhi England[1]
Ireland Alma mater Royal College of Art
Spain Occupation Architect
Marriage and later life Spouse(s) Lady Emily Bulwer-
Children Lytton
(m. 1897)
Major buildings and projects
Children 5
Publications
Gallery Buildings Castle Drogo
See also India Gate

Footnotes Thiepval Memorial

References 100 King Street

Sources The Cenotaph,

Whitehall
Further reading
External links Lindisfarne Castle
Rashtrapati Bhavan
Hyderabad House
Early life
Projects New Delhi
Lutyens was born in Kensington, London,[8] the tenth of thirteen
children of Mary Theresa Gallwey (1832/33–1906) from Killarney, Ireland, and Captain Charles Henry
Augustus Lutyens (1829–1915), a soldier and painter.[9][10] His sister Mary Constance Elphinstone Lutyens
(1868–1951) wrote novels under her married name Mrs George Wemyss.[11] He grew up in Thursley, Surrey.
He was named after a friend of his father, the painter and sculptor Edwin Henry Landseer. Lutyens studied
architecture at South Kensington School of Art, London, from 1885 to 1887. After college he joined the
Ernest George and Harold Peto architectural practice. It was here that he first met Sir Herbert Baker. For many
years he worked from offices at 29 Bloomsbury Square, London.

Private practice
He began his own practice in 1888, his first commission being a
private house at Crooksbury, Farnham, Surrey. During this work, he
met the garden designer and horticulturalist Gertrude Jekyll. In 1896
he began work on a house for Jekyll at Munstead Wood near
Godalming, Surrey. It was the beginning of a professional partnership
that would define the look of many Lutyens country houses.

The "Lutyens-Jekyll" garden had hardy shrubbery and herbaceous

Ground floor plan of Munstead Wood
until modern times.
plantings within a structural architecture of stairs and balustraded
terraces. This combined style, of the formal with the informal,
exemplified by brick paths, herbaceous borders, and with plants such
as lilies, lupins, delphiniums and lavender, was in contrast to the
formal bedding schemes favoured by the previous generation in the
19th century. This "natural" style was to define the "English garden"

Lutyens' fame grew largely through the popularity of the new lifestyle magazine Country Life created by
Edward Hudson, which featured many of his house designs. Hudson was a great admirer of Lutyens' style and
commissioned Lutyens for a number of projects, including Lindisfarne Castle and the Country Life
headquarters building in London, at 8 Tavistock Street. One of his assistants in the 1890s was Maxwell
Ayrton.[12]

By the turn of the century, Lutyens was recognised as one of architecture's coming men. In his major study of
English domestic buildings, Das Englische Haus, published in 1904, Hermann Muthesius wrote of Lutyens,
"He is a young man who has come increasingly to the forefront of domestic architects and who may soon
become the accepted leader among English builders of houses".[13]

Works
The bulk of Lutyens' early work consisted of private houses in an Arts and Crafts style, strongly influenced by
Tudor architecture and the vernacular styles of south-east England. This was the most innovative phase of his
career. Important works of this period include Munstead Wood,[14] Tigbourne Court, Orchards and Goddards
in Surrey, Deanery Garden and Folly Farm in Berkshire, Overstrand Hall in Norfolk and Le Bois des
Moutiers in France.
 After about 1900 this style
gave way to a more
conventional Classicism, a
change of direction which
had a profound influence on
wider British architectural
practice. His commissions
were of a varied nature from
private houses to two Deanery Garden, Sonning, Berkshire
Ground floor plan of Orchards churches for the new
Hampstead Garden Suburb in
London to Julius Drewe's Castle Drogo near Drewsteignton in Devon
and on to his contributions to India's new imperial capital, New Delhi (where he worked as chief architect with
Herbert Baker and others). Here he added elements of local architectural styles to his classicism, and based his
urbanisation scheme on Mughal water gardens. He also designed the Hyderabad House for the last Nizam of
Hyderabad, as his Delhi palace.

Before the end of the First World War, he was appointed one of three
principal architects for the Imperial War Graves Commission (now
Commonwealth War Graves Commission) and was involved with the
creation of many monuments to commemorate the dead. Larger
cemeteries have a Stone of Remembrance, designed by him.[15] The
best known of these monuments are the Cenotaph in Whitehall,
Westminster, and the Memorial to the Missing of the Somme,
Thiepval. The Cenotaph was originally commissioned by David
Lloyd George as a temporary structure to be the centrepiece of the
Allied Victory Parade in 1919. Lloyd George proposed a catafalque, a
low empty platform, but it was Lutyens' idea for the taller monument.
The design took less than six hours to complete. Lutyens also
designed many other war memorials, and others are based on or
inspired by Lutyens' designs. Examples of Lutyens' other war
memorials include the War Memorial Gardens in Dublin, the Tower
Hill memorial, the Manchester Cenotaph and the Arch of
Remembrance memorial in Leicester.
The Cenotaph, Whitehall, London
Lutyens also refurbished Lindisfarne Castle for its wealthy owner.[16]

One of Lutyens' smaller works, but considered one of his masterpieces, is The Salutation, a house in
Sandwich, Kent, England. Built in 1911–1912 with a 3.7-acre (1.5 ha) garden, it was commissioned by Henry
Farrer, one of three sons of Sir William Farrer.[17]

He was knighted in 1918[18] and elected a Royal Academician in March 1920.[19] In 1924, he was appointed
a member of the newly created Royal Fine Art Commission, a position he held until his death.[20]

While work continued in New Delhi, Lutyens received other commissions including several commercial
buildings in London and the British Embassy in Washington, DC.

In 1924 he completed the supervision of the construction of what is perhaps his most popular design: Queen
Mary's Dolls' House. This four-storey Palladian villa was built in 1/12 scale and is now a permanent exhibit in
the public area of Windsor Castle. It was not conceived or built as a plaything for children; its goal was to
exhibit the finest British craftsmanship of the period.
Lutyens was commissioned in 1929 to design a new Roman Catholic
cathedral in Liverpool. He planned a vast building of brick and granite,
topped with towers and a 510-foot (160 m) dome, with commissioned
sculpture work by Charles Sargeant Jagger and W. C. H. King. Work on this
building started in 1933, but was halted during World War II. After the war,
the project ended due to a shortage of funding, with only the crypt completed.
A model of Lutyens' unrealised building was given to and restored by the
Walker Art Gallery in 1975 and is now on display in the Museum of
Liverpool.[21] The architect of the present Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral,
which was built over land adjacent to the crypt and consecrated in 1967, was
Sir Frederick Gibberd.

In 1945, a year after his death, A Plan for the City & County of Kingston
upon Hull was published. Lutyens worked on the plan with Sir Patrick Lutyens' Midland Bank
Abercrombie and they are credited as its co-authors. Abercrombie's Building in Manchester,
introduction in the plan makes special reference to Lutyens' contribution. The constructed in 1935
plan was, however, rejected by the City Council of Hull. He was also
involved in the Royal Academy's planning for post-war London, an
endeavour dismissed by Osbert Lancaster as "... not unlike what the new Nuremberg might have been had the
Fuhrer enjoyed the inestimable advantage of the advice and guidance of the late Sir Aston Webb".[22]

Recognition

Lutyens received the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 1921, and the
American Institute of Architects Gold Medal in 1925. In November
2015 the British government announced that all 44 of Lutyens' First
World War memorials in Britain[note 1] had now been listed on the
advice of Historic England, and were therefore all protected by law.
This involved the one remaining memorial—the Gerrards Cross
Memorial Building in Buckinghamshire—being added to the list, plus
a further fourteen having their statuses upgraded.[23]
Memorial to Lutyens by Stephen Cox
The architectural critic Ian Nairn wrote of Lutyen's Surrey
(2015)
"masterpieces" in the 1971 Surrey volume of the Buildings of
England series, while noting that; "the genius and the charlatan were
very close together in Lutyens".[24] In the introduction to the
catalogue for the 1981 Lutyens exhibition at the Hayward Gallery, the architectural writer Colin Amery
described Lutyens as "the builder of some of our finest country houses and gardens".[25]

In 2015 a memorial to Lutyens by the sculptor Stephen Cox was erected in Apple Tree Yard, Mayfair,
London, adjacent to the studio where Lutyens prepared the designs for New Delhi.[26][27]

New Delhi
Largely designed by Lutyens over 20 or so years (1912 to 1930), New Delhi, situated within the metropolis of
Delhi, popularly known as 'Lutyens' Delhi', was chosen to replace Calcutta as the seat of the British Indian
government in 1912;[28] the project was completed in 1929 and officially inaugurated in 1931. In undertaking
this project, Lutyens invented his own new order of classical architecture, which has become known as the
Delhi Order and was used by him for several designs in England, such as Campion Hall, Oxford. Unlike the
more traditional British architects who came before him, he was both inspired by and incorporated various
features from the local and traditional Indian architecture—something most clearly seen in the great drum-
mounted Buddhist dome of Viceroy's House, now Rashtrapati
Bhavan. This palatial building, containing 340 rooms, is built on an
area of some 330 acres (130 ha) and incorporates a private garden
also designed by Lutyens. The building was designed as the official
residence of the Viceroy of India and is now the official residence of
the President of India.[29][30][31]

The Delhi Order columns at the front entrance of the palace have bells
carved into them, which, it has been suggested, Lutyens had designed
Rashtrapati Bhavan, formerly known
with the idea that as the bells were silent the British rule would never
as Viceroy's House, was designed
come to an end. At one time, more than 2,000 people were required to by Lutyens.
care for the building and serve the Viceroy's household.

The new city contains both the Parliament buildings and government
offices (many designed by Herbert Baker) and was built distinctively of the local red sandstone using the
traditional Mughal style.

When composing the plans for New Delhi, Lutyens planned for the new city to lie southwest of the walled
city of Shahjahanbad. His plans for the city also laid out the street plan for New Delhi consisting of wide tree-
lined avenues.

Built in the spirit of British colonial rule, the place where the new imperial city and the older native settlement
met was intended to be a market. It was there that Lutyens imagined the Indian traders would participate in
"the grand shopping centre for the residents of Shahjahanabad and New Delhi", thus giving rise to the D-
shaped market seen today.

Many of the garden-ringed villas in the Lutyens' Bungalow Zone (LBZ)—also known as Lutyens' Delhi—that
were part of Lutyens' original scheme for New Delhi are under threat due to the constant pressure for
development in Delhi. The LBZ was placed on the 2002 World Monuments Fund Watch List of 100 Most
Endangered Sites. None of the bungalows in the LBZ were designed by Lutyens—he only designed the four
bungalows in the Presidential Estate surrounding Rashtrapati Bhavan at Willingdon Crescent, now known as
Mother Teresa Crescent.[32] Other buildings in Delhi that Lutyens designed include Baroda House, Bikaner
House, Hyderabad House, and Patiala House.[33]

In recognition of his architectural accomplishments for the British Raj, Lutyens was made a Knight
Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE) on 1 January 1930.[34] As a chivalric order, the KCIE
knighthood held precedence over his earlier bachelor knighthood.

A bust of Lutyens in the former Viceroy's House is the only statue of a Westerner left in its original position in
New Delhi. Lutyens' work in New Delhi is the focus of Robert Grant Irving's book Indian Summer. In spite
of his monumental work in India, Lutyens views on the peoples of the Indian sub-continent, although not
uncommon for people of his time, would now be considered racist.[35]

Ireland
Works in Ireland include the Irish National War Memorial Gardens in Islandbridge in Dublin, which consists
of a bridge over the railway and a bridge over the River Liffey (unbuilt) and two tiered sunken gardens;
Heywood Gardens, County Laois (open to the public), consisting of a hedge garden, lawns, tiered sunken
garden and a belvedere; extensive changes and extensions to Lambay Castle, Lambay Island, near Dublin,
consisting of a circular battlement enclosing the restored and extended castle and farm building complex,
upgraded cottages and stores near the harbour, a real tennis court, a large guest house (The White House), a
boathouse and a chapel; alterations and extensions to Howth Castle, County Dublin; the unbuilt Hugh Lane
gallery straddling the River Liffey on the site of the Ha'penny Bridge and the unbuilt Hugh Lane Gallery on
the west side of St Stephen's Green; and Costelloe Lodge at Casla (also known as Costelloe), County Galway
(that was used for refuge by J. Bruce Ismay, the Chairman of the White Star Line, following the sinking of the
R.M.S. Titanic). In 1907, Lutyens designed Tra na Rossan House, located just north of Downings on the
Rosguill Peninsula on the north coast of County Donegal in Ulster.[36] The house was built of local granite for
Mr and Mrs Phillimore, from London, as a holiday home. In 1937, Mrs Phillimore donated it to An Óige (Irish
Youth Hostels Association) for the "youth of Ireland", and it has been a hostel ever since.[37]

Spain
In Madrid, Lutyens' work can be seen in the interiors of the Liria Palace, a neoclassical building which was
severely damaged during the Spanish Civil War.[38] The palace was originally built in the 18th century for The
1st Duke of Berwick, and still belongs to his descendants. Lutyens' reconstruction was commissioned by The
17th Duke of Alba. The Duke had been in contact with Lutyens while he was the Spanish ambassador to the
Court of St. James's.

Between 1915 and 1928, Lutyens also produced designs of a palace for the Duke of Alba's younger brother,
The 18th Duke of Peñaranda de Duero. The palace of El Guadalperal, as it was to be called, would have been,
if built, Edwin Lutyens's largest country house.[39]

Marriage and later life

Lutyens married Lady Emily Bulwer-Lytton (1874–1964) on 4
August 1897 at Knebworth, Hertfordshire. She was third daughter of
Edith (née Villiers) and the 1st Earl of Lytton, a former Viceroy of
India. Lady Emily had proposed to Lutyens two years before the
wedding, and her parents disapproved of the marriage.[40] They had
five children, but their marriage was largely unsatisfactory, practically
from the start, with Lady Emily developing interests in theosophy,
Eastern religions, and both emotionally and philosophically with
Jiddu Krishnamurti.[41]

Children
Barbara Lutyens (1898–1981), second wife of Euan
13 Mansfield Street, Marylebone,
Wallace (1892–1941), Minister of Transport.[42]
Lutyens' London home from 1919 to
Robert Lutyens (1901–1971), interior designer. Designed his death in 1944
the façade used for over 40 Marks & Spencer stores.[43]
Ursula Lutyens (1904–1967), wife of the 3rd Viscount
Ridley. They were the parents of the 4th Viscount Ridley (1925–2012), and of the Cabinet
Minister Nicholas Ridley (1929–1993). Nicholas Ridley was the father of Edwin Lutyens'
biographer, Jane Ridley.
(Agnes) Elisabeth Lutyens (1906–1983), a well-known composer. Second marriage to the
conductor Edward Clark.[44]
(Edith Penelope) Mary Lutyens (1908–1999),[45] a writer known for her books about the
philosopher Jiddu Krishnamurti.

During the later years of his life, Lutyens suffered with several bouts of pneumonia. In the early 1940s he was
diagnosed with cancer. He died on 1 January 1944 and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium where he
had designed the Philipson Mausoleum in 1914–1916. His ashes were buried in the crypt of St. Paul's
Cathedral, beneath a memorial designed by his friend and fellow architect William Curtis Green.

Major buildings and projects

1897: Munstead Wood, Surrey
1899: Orchards, Surrey
1900: Goddards, Surrey
1901: Tigbourne Court, Surrey
1901: Deanery Garden, Sonning, Berkshire
1903: Papillon Hall, Lubenham, Leicestershire
1911: British Medical Association in Tavistock Square, London[46]
1912: Great Dixter, Northiam, East Sussex
1915: St Martin's Church, Knebworth, Hertfordshire
1928: Hyderabad House, New Delhi
1929: Rashtrapathi Bhavan, New Delhi
1930: Castle Drogo, Drewsteignton, Devon
1935: The Midland Bank, Manchester
1936: Baroda House, New Delhi
1936—1938: Villers–Bretonneux Australian National Memorial, Somme, France

Publications
Edwin Lutyens & Charles Bressey, The Highway Development Survey, Ministry of Transport,
1937
Edwin Lutyens & Patrick Abercrombie, A Plan for the City & County of Kingston upon Hull,
Brown (London & Hull), 1945.

Gallery
 Goddards, Surrey (1898–1900) Tigbourne Court, Surrey (1899–
1901)

Greywalls house, Lothian, Little Thakeham, West Sussex Daneshill Brick and Tile
Scotland (1901) (1902) Company offices, near Old
Basing, Hampshire (1903)[47]

Country Life Offices, Hestercombe Gardens, Heathcote, Ilkley, Yorkshire

Tavistock Street, Somerset, with Gertrude (1906–08)
London (1905)[48] Jekyll (1904–1906)
 Free Church, Hampstead Anglo-Boer Nashdom, Taplow,
Garden Suburb, London War Memorial, Buckinghamshire (1908–1911)
(1908–1910) Johannesburg
(1910)

British Medical Association, Henrietta Barnett School, Johannesburg Art

Tavistock Square, London Hampstead, London (1911) Gallery, Klein Street
(1911)[46] (1910–1915)

Abbey House, Portico of the British School at Midland

Barrow-in-Furness, Rome (1916) Railway War
Cumbria (1914) Memorial,
Derby (1920)
 Mells War Memorial, The India Gate, Midland Bank,
Somerset (1921) New Delhi Piccadilly, London
(1921) (1922-1923)

Midland Bank Headquarters, Victory Square Cenotaph, Britannic

Poultry, London (1924)[49] Vancouver (1924) House,
Finsbury
Circus,
London
(1921–1925)

Arch of Remembrance, Cenotaph, Regina, British Ambassador's

Leicester (1925) Saskatchewan (1926) residence, Washington, D.C.
(1928)
 Hallway in Tower Hill Memorial, Trinity 67–68 Pall Mall,
British Square, London (1928) London (1928)[50]
Ambassador's
residence
Washington,
D.C. (1928)

Grosvenor House Hotel, Mayfair, Rashtrapati Bhavan, New

London (1929) Delhi (1912–1929)

Castle Drogo, Devon (1911– Social housing for Hampton Court Bridge,
1930) Grosvenor Estate and London (1933)
Westminster Council, Page
Street, London (1928-1930)
Architectural model of Crypt of Liverpool Thiepval Memorial to the
unrealised design for Metropolitan Cathedral Missing of the Somme, France
Liverpool Metropolitan 1933–41, the only part of (1928–1932)
Cathedral (1933)[51] Lutyens's design built

Broughton memorial lodge, St Jude's Reuters & Press

Runnymede, Surrey (1930– Church, Association Building, 85
1932)[52] Hampstead Fleet Street, London (1934–
Garden 38)
Suburb,
London (1909–
1935)
 Campion Hall, Oxford Irish National War Memorial Gardens,
(1936) Dublin (1932-1940)

Runnymede Bridge, Surrey Tra Na Rosann, Downings,

(opened 1961)[53] County Donegal, Ireland

See also
Herbert Tudor Buckland, a contemporary Arts & Crafts architect
Butterfly plan
History of gardening
Landscape design history (category)

Footnotes
1. 43 in England, 1 in Wales

References
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2. "Sir Edwin Lutyens | British architect" (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edwin-Lutyens).
Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
3. Hussey 1989, p. xvii.
4. Stamp 2007, p. 10.
5. Vale 1992, p. 92.
6. Goodman & Chant 1999, p. 320.
7. Pile 2005, p. 320.
 8. "England & Wales Births 1837-2006" (http://search.findmypast.co.uk/results/world-records/engl
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14. Gradidge 1981, pp. 27-31.
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10091629/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ART
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17. Newman 2013, p. 539.
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m/essays/the-rise-and-fall-and-rise-of-edwin-lutyens/10029787.article). Architectural Review.
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features/news/lutyens-war-memorials). Historic England. Historic England. Retrieved
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24. Nairn, Pevsner & Cherry 1971, p. 70.
25. Amery, Richardson & Stamp 1981, p. 8.
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33. Prakash, Om (2005). Cultural History Of India (https://books.google.com/books?id=nzpYb5UOe
iwC). New Age International, New Delhi. ISBN 81-224-1587-3. p. 217.
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36. Alistair Rowan, The Buildings of Ireland: North West Ulster, P. 169. Yale University Press, New
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37. "Trá na Rosann" (https://anoige.ie/tra-na-rosann/). Anoige. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
38. Lutyens and Spain (https://www.jstor.org/stable/29543345). Gavin Stamp and Margaret
Richardson. AA Files No. 3 (January 1983), pp. 51–59 Architectural Association School of
Architecture
39. [1] (https://doi.org/10.1017/arh.2017.10). Iñigo Basarrate, 'Edwin Lutyens in Spain: the Palace
of El Guadalperal', Architectural History No. 60 (2017), pp. 303–339 Cambridge University
Press
40. Lutyens 1980, p. 52.
41. Ridley 2002, pp. 257–258.
42. Percy & Ridley 1988, p. 53.
43. "Robert Lutyens" (http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/architect_full.php?id=202099). Dictionary
of Scottish Architects. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
44. "Clark, (Thomas) Edward". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford
University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/40709 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F407
09). (Subscription or UK public library membership (https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public)
required.)
45. "(Edith Penelope) Mary Lutyens (1909–1999)" (http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/perso
n/mp101236/edith-penelope-mary-lutyens). National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
46. "About BMA House" (https://bmahouse.org.uk/about/). BMA House. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
47. Wright, Tony (February 2002). "Sir Edwin Lutyens and the Daneshill Brickworks". British Brick
Society Information. 87: 22–26. ISSN 0960-7870 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0960-7870).
48. "Country Life building, Tavistock Street, London" (https://www.architecture.com/image-library/RI
BApix/image-information/poster/country-life-building-tavistock-street-london/posterid/RIBA1038
2.html). RIBA. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
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g.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1064598). National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 13 July
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uildings/). The Luytens Trust. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
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epartments/models/lutyens/). Liverpool Museums. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
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g.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1189781). National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 13 July
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53. Baldwin, Peter, ed. (2004). The motorway achievement (https://books.google.com/books?id=nd
ZVcax375EC&pg=PA308). London: Telford. p. 308. ISBN 9780727731968.

Sources
Amery, Colin; Richardson, Margaret; Stamp, Gavin (1981). Lutyens: The Work of the English
Architect Sir Edwin Lutyens (https://books.google.com/books?id=8N5PAAAAMAAJ&q=Lutyen
s:+The+Work+of+the+English+Architect+Sir+Edwin+Lutyens). London: Arts Council of Great
Britain. ISBN 9780728703032.
Brown, Jane (1997). Lutyens and the Edwardians (https://books.google.com/books?id=NeBPA
AAAMAAJ&q=Lutyens+and+the+Edwardians). London: Penguin Books.
ISBN 9780140242690.
Dunster, David (1986). Edwin Lutyens. London: Academy Editions. ISBN 9780312239183.
OCLC 757002578 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/757002578).
Goodman, David C.; Chant, Colin (1999). European Cities & Technology: Industrial to Post-
industrial City. Routledge. ISBN 9780415200820. OCLC 807453904 (https://www.worldcat.org/
oclc/807453904).
Gradidge, Roderick (1981). Edwin Lutyens: Architect Laureate. London: George Allen & Unwin.
ISBN 9780047200236. OCLC 924831360 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/924831360).
Hussey, Christopher (1989) [1950]. The Life of Sir Edwin Lutyens (https://books.google.com/bo
oks?id=89RpQgAACAAJ&q=The+Life+of+Sir+Edwin+Lutyens). Woodbridge: Antique
Collectors Club. ISBN 978-0-907462-59-0.
Irving, Robert Grant (1981). Indian Summer: Lutyens, Baker and Imperial Delhi (https://books.g
oogle.com/books?id=DbQoMQAACAAJ&q=Indian+Summer:+Lutyens,+Baker+and+Imperial+
Delhi). London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-02422-7.
Lutyens, Edwin (1989). Clayre Percy; Jane Ridley (eds.). The Letters of Edwin Lutyens to his
wife, Lady Emily. London: Hamish Hamilton. ISBN 9780241124765. OCLC 466283124 (https://
www.worldcat.org/oclc/466283124).
Lutyens, Mary (1980). Edwin Lutyens. London: John Murray. ISBN 978-0-7195-3777-6.
OCLC 469680629 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/469680629).
Muthesius, H. (1979) [1904]. The English House (https://books.google.com/books?id=M4jRAQ
AACAAJ&q=editions:-7GFYV4ktzcC) (Single volume ed.). Frogmore: Granada Publishing.
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Middlesex, England: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-300-09675-0.
Newman, John (2013). Kent: North East and East (https://books.google.com/books?id=KwIBm
wEACAAJ&q=Kent+North+East+and+East). The Buildings of England. London and New
Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300185065.
Pile, John F. (2005). A History of Interior Design (https://books.google.com/books?id=YVQJvcI1
XeoC&q=lutyens+new+delhi&pg=PA320). Laurence King Publishing. ISBN 9781856694186.
Ridley, Jane (2002). Edwin Lutyens: His Life, His Wife, His Work (https://books.google.com/boo
ks?id=e5FQAAAAMAAJ&q=Edwin+Lutyens:+His+Life,+His+Wife,+His+Work). London: Chatto
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 Vale, Lawrence J. (1992). Architecture, Power, and National Identity (https://books.google.com/
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Further reading
Hopkins, Andrew; Stamp, Gavin, eds. (2002). Lutyens Abroad: the Work of Sir Edwin Lutyens
Outside the British Isles. London: British School at Rome. ISBN 0-904152-37-5.
Petter, Hugh (1992). Lutyens in Italy: The Building of the British School at Rome. London:
British School at Rome. ISBN 0-904152-21-9.
Skelton, Tim; Gliddon, Gerald (2008). Lutyens and the Great War. London: Frances Lincoln.
ISBN 978-0-7112-2878-8.

External links
The Lutyens Trust (http://www.lutyenstrust.org.uk/)
Jane Ridley, "Architect for the metropolis", City Journal, Spring 1998 (http://www.city-journal.or
g/html/8_2_urbanities-architect.html)
The creations of Sir Edwin Lutyens @ Ward's Book of Days (http://www.wardsbookofdays.com/
29march.htm)
The cathedral that never was (https://web.archive.org/web/20071217215148/http://www.liverpo
olmuseums.org.uk/walker/exhibitions/cathedral/history/index.asp) – exhibition of Lutyens'
cathedral model at the Walker Art Gallery
Louvet, Solange; de Givry, Jacques. "The history of the Bois des Moutiers" (http://www.boisdes
moutiers.com/HistoireBoisdesMoutiersNewGB.php). – An 1898 house in France designed by
Lutyens and its garden designed by Lutyens and Gertrude Jekyll.
Collection of over 2000 photos of Lutyens' work on Flickr (https://www.flickr.com/photos/160107
25@N06/albums/72157627816920018/)

Cultural offices
Preceded by President of the Royal Academy Succeeded by
Sir William Llewellyn 1938–1944 Alfred Munnings

Court offices
Preceded by Registrar of the Imperial Society of
Succeeded by
Sir Malcolm Fraser, 1st Knights Bachelor
Sir Thomas Lumley-Smith
Baronet 1941–1944

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