RCE-851: Seminar

BRAIN FINGERPRINTING
 INTRODUCTION
• Brain Fingerprinting is a lie detection technique which is used to determine
scientifically what information is, or is not stored in a particular human
brain.

• Measures the response to the Visual and the Audio stimulus.

• Stimulus is a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an

organ or tissue.

• It does this by measuring electrical brainwave responses to words, phrases, or

pictures that are presented on a computer screen.
 HISTORY
• Brain fingerprinting was invented by Lawrence Farewell.

• He is the chief scientist and President of Human Brain Research Laboratory,

USA.

• Brain Fingerprinting technology is based on an electrical signal known as

MERMER..

• This technology has been proven successful over 170 cases with a record of
100% accuracy including tests on FBI.

• Farwell's brain fingerprinting originally used the well-known P300 brain

response to detect the brain's recognition of the known information.
 BASIC PRINCIPLE
• It is based on the theory that throughout any action, the brain analyze ,
executes and records that action.

• When the brain recognizes something then there is some changes in the
neurons activity ,due to which there is changes in brainwave signals .On the
basis of these changes in brain wave signals scientists determine that a
particular information is present in the subject mind or not.

• The brain wave signal which is used in this technique is well-known brain
wave P 300-MERMER.
 WHAT IS MERMER

• Farwell discovered the P300-MERMER ("Memory and Encoding Related

Multifaceted Electroencephalographic Response")

• A MERMER is an electrical signal which is part of the brainwave observed in

response to familiar information.

• When the brain recognizes something, then there is increase in neurons

activity, so there are some changes in brain wave signals
 Working Procedure
• First of all the suspect wears a special headset on which many sensors
are fitted to capture the brain wave signals. He is seated in front of a
computer system on which stimulies are presented.

• 3 TYPES OF STIMULIES
• Target : The target stimuli are made relevant and noteworthy to all subjects.

• Irrelevant : These have no relation to the situation under

investigation.

• Probes : Probes are the stimuli that are relevant to the situation under
investigation.
 Operational Mechanism

Electrical
Potentials
Picture/word Generates
shown to the brainwave Accumulate in brain
suspect Triggers (P300) (MERMER)
Neurons
of Brain Headgear
Fitted
With
Electrodes
on scalp Placed

Generated
Study Analog
Found Guilty/ Not P300 – MERMER
EEG
Guilty the data (an scalp ERP EEG)
Amplifier
Using Measures
Signals
a
computer
program
 Uses Of Brain Waves
• Brain fingerprinting uses brainwaves to test memory. A crime suspect is given
words or images in a context that would be known only to police or the person
who committed the crime.
• HOW IT WORKS
• A suspect is tested by looking at three kinds of information represented by
different colored lines:
• Red: Information the suspect is expected to know.
• Green: Information not known to suspect.
• Blue: Information of the crime that only Perpetrator would.
NOT GUILTY
Because the blue and green lines
closely correlate, suspect does
not have critical knowledge of
crime.
GUILTY
Because the blue and red
lines closely correlate,
suspect has critical
knowledge of crime.
 Applications And Advantages
Applications :-
• The application of Brain Fingerprinting testing in a criminal case
involves four phases: — investigation, interview, —
scientific testing, —
and
adjudication.
• The first phase is undertaken by a skilled investigator
• The second by an interviewer
• Only the third one is in the domain of science.
• Fourth by a judge and jury.
Advantages :-
• Identify criminals quickly and scientifically.
• Reduce expenditure of money and other resources in law enforcement.
• Record of 100% accuracy.
• Suspect may lie but the brain never lies.
• Access criminal evidence in the brain.
 Limitations
• It does not indicate intent of the crime.
• This technology is a little bit controversial.
• Difficult to distinguish the criminal and a witness who saw all the criminal
activity happen.
• It can detect what information is stored in the subject’s brain. It can’t
detect how that information got there.
• Brain fingerprinting does not detect lies. It simply detects information. No
questions are asked or answered during a brain fingerprinting test.
 Conclusion
• Brain Fingerprinting is a revolutionary new scientific technology for
solving crimes, identifying perpetrators, and exonerating innocent
suspects, with a record of 100% accuracy in research with US government
agencies, actual criminal cases, and other applications.

• It would also be inappropriate to generalize the results of the present

research because of the small sample of subjects, But the 100% accuracy
and high confidence level of the results, however, provide further support
for results from previous research using brain MERMER testing.
THANK YOU