PROJECT WORK

(Submitted for the degree of B.COM.HONOURS in Accounting &

Finance under the University of Calcutta)

TITLE OF THE PROJECT

METRO RAILWAYS IN KOLKATA & ITS NEARBY DISTRICTS

SUBMITTED BY:

NAME OF THE CANDIDATE: AMRITA KHATICK

REGISTRATION NO:047-1212-0111-18
NAME OF THE COLLEGE: SIVANATH SASTRI COLLEGE
C.U ROLL NO:181047-11-0023
COLLEGE ROLL NO:703
PAPER CODE:CC 6.1 CH

SUPERVISED BY

NAME OF THE SUPERVISOR: PROF.MADHUMANTI GHOSH

NAME OF THE COLLEGE: SIVANATH SASTRI COLLEGE

MONTH & YEAR OF THE SUBMISSION

JULY 2021

1
 ANNEXURE-I
SUPERVISOR’S CERTIFICATE

This is to certified that Mrs. Amrita khatick, student of b.com(honours) in accounting &
finance of sivanath sastri college under the supervision and guidance for her project work
and prepared a project report with the title “metro railways in Kolkata and its nearby
districts.” Which she is submitting and her genuine and original work to the best of my
knowledge.

PLACE: KOLKATA SIGNATURE:

DATE: NAME: MADHUMANTI GHOSH
DESIGNATION: FACULTY OF COMMERCE
NAME OF THE COLLEGE: SIVANATH SASTRI
COLLEGE

2
 ANNEXURE-II

STUDENT’S DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work with the title “metro railways in Kolkata and its
nearby districts” submitted by me for the degree of b.com (honours) in accounting &
finance and it is my original work. The project has not been earlier submitted to any other
university and institution for the fulfillment of the requirement for any course of study.
I also declared that no chapter of this manuscript in whole or in part has been in
incorporated in this report from any earlier work done by others or by me. However, extract
of any literature which has been used for this report has been duly acknowledged providing
details of such literature in the references.

PLACE: KOLKATA SIGNATURE:

DATE: NAME: AMRITA KHATICK
ADDRESS: TOLLYGAUNE, KOLKATA
REGISTRATION No: 047-1212-0111-18

3
ACKNOWLEDEGEMENT
The experience of making this project is a valuable one because not only did the project
increase my knowledge on this topic about “metro railways “but also taught the importance
lesson on how to incorporate our theoretical knowledge to enhance the understanding of
practical implications.

I would like to thank my supervisor prof. Madhu Manti Ghosh for assisting me to complete
my project work. She inspired me to work on this project. Her willingness & guidance
motivated me to do my project on this topic.

The success and final outcome of this project required assistance of lot of people and
Calcutta university how has included this subject in our syllabus.

I am very much thankful to my supervisor prof. Madhu Manti Ghosh and the other people
who assisted me in completion of this project.
Thanking you, date:

AMRITA KHATICK

4
 BRIEF OF THE FRAMEWORK

In this project framework the features, necessity, facilities, advantages and disadvantages
and many other points of metro services will be elaborately discussed. The history of metro
will be also shown. The methods have been taken to frame of the project will be analyzed.

the other points to be discussed are shown below:

• The necessity of metro railway service among the people.

• The ratio of people availed metro service.

• Which aged people use metro mode.

• Relation and difference with other transportation system of metro service.

• Facilities provided by metro.

• Impact

• of taken by over the environment. I. The future planning of metro railway

taken by KMRC & RVNL. II. Economic benefit from its service.

• The other aspects of metro railways in past, current & future scenario and at
last some suggestions and recommendations will be discussed which metro
should obtain.

5
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO
➢ INTRODUCTION: 8-11
1.1 BACKGROUND 8
1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY 8
1.3 OBJECTIVES 8
1.4 CURRENT SCENARIO 9
1.5 LITRATURE REVIEW 10
1.6 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 11-12
1.7 METHODOLOGY & TECHNIQUES 13
1.8 SCOPE & LIMITATION OF STUDY 13

➢ CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 14-20

2.1 concept of metro railway 14
2.2 mass transportation in India 15-18
2.2.1 Kolkata metro
2.2.2 Chennai metro
2.2.3 Mumbai suburban railway
2.2.4 Hyderabad multi-modal
2.2.5 Kolkata sub-urban railway
2.3 Comparison Between Local Train
And Metro 18-19
2.4 NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO 20
➢ ANALYSIS OF DATA: 21-32
Analysis according to the age 21

Analysis of availability, frequency in

use and time 22-24
Analysis with other transports 25
Arrival of trains 26
Analysis related with environment 27
Analysis of distance 28
Analysis of availability of other transports 29
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 Analysis of Metro Stations Situated Nearby
Of Necessary Places
(Housing, Market, Malls, and Railway Stations etc.) 30
Analysis of Extension of Metro Railway 31
Analysis in impact on Economy 32
➢ CONCLUSION OF PROJECT FRAMEWORK 33-35
Advantages 33
Disadvantages 34
Recommendations 35
QUESTIONNAIRES 36-38
➢ BIBLIOGRAPHY 39

7
 CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the category of rapid transportation or mass rapid transportation, metro rails are one of
the famous transportation systems, come under the high-capacity public transport
generally found in urban areas and mainly in metropolitan cities. unlike buses and trams,
metro rails are electric railways that are alike of normal trains which run in tunnels or
elevated path.

1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

In my project work, metro railway services and its other facilities will be included. here a
brief study on metro railways will be shown as well as its other features and its significance
on our country and on our economy will be added. what is the use of metro railways and
how metro railway is taking the place of the other transports? It is useful or not and really it
will have an impact on our economy or not, if elaborately shown in this study.

1.3 Objectives

The main objectives of this project is to show the importance of of metro railway in our day
to day of life and how it changes the transportation system. some important points are
mentioned below related with the objectives:

1.To get an overview on metro services of our life.

2.To analyze the impact of metro services on our economic system.
3.The need and the necessity of metro in metropolitan cities and urban area.
4.To understand the future impact and implication on our daily life by metro railway
service.
5.How the people accept metro rails and its extension in future.

8
1.4 Current scenario:

The Kolkata metro is a rapid transit system serving Kolkata in the Indian state of west
Bengal.it currently has two operational lines, a 27.22 km line from Noapara to Kavi Subhas
and a 5.8 km line from Salt Lake sector v to Salt Lake stadium for a total of 33.02km.
Four other lines are in various phases of construction. The system has a mix of underground,
at-grade and elevated stations using both broad-gauge and standard-gauge tracks. Trains
operate between 05:45 and 21:55, and the fares range from rs.5 to rs.30.

• Line 1 or the north-south metro corridor has a total length of 27k.m serving 24
stations, of which 15 are underground,9 is elevated and 2 at-grade, commercially
operating.

A northward extension from noapara to dakhineswar (5k.m) was sanctioned and

under work-in-progress.

• Line 2 or the east-west metro corridor has a total length on 5.8k.m. Serving of
stations of which all are elevat4ed and commercially operating. A western extension
from phool bagan to Howrah maidan (8.9k.m.) Was sanctioned and under work-in-
progress.
Between mahakaran and Howrah station, the metro will be run under the Hooghly
river-the first underwater metro in India. Transfer station with railways will be
located at sealdah and Howrah.
A new elevated extension from Salt Lake sector v to teghoria(haldiram) was
sanctioned, a distance of 5.5 k.m. in 2016.
Along with the above two lines of metro, four more lines are sanctioned to be built
and some of them are under work-in-progress.
The above plot is now of west Bengal metro railways. There will be 6 lines operating
in future out of them 2 lines has been started their commercial operation in current
scenario.1
1 http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/kolkata metro

9
1.5 LITERATURE REVIEW
Various schoolers have considered different dimensions of service quality. Gronoos
(1884) considerers technical, functional and reputation quality; and lehtinen and
lehtinen (1982) consider interactive, physical, and corporate quality; and hadvall and
paltschik (1989) focus on willingness and ability to serve and the physical and
psychological access to the service in conceptualizing the basic service quality model,
Parasuraman et al. (1985) identify 10 key determinants of service quality as
perceived by the service provider and the consumer, namely, reliability,
responsiveness,
competence,access,courtesy,communication,credibility,security,understanding/kno
wing the customer, and tangibility to formulate a service quality framework
servqual. Later (in 1988), they modify the framework to five determinants: reliability,
assurance, tangibles, empathy, and responsiveness, or rater. The techniques of
customer satisfaction analysis allow the critical aspects of the supplied services to be
identified and customer satisfaction to be increased (Cuomo 2000).

the literature also shows that researchers have identified different factors of quality
in the context of different services. Vanniaragan and Stephen (2008) identify the
attributes that passengers use to evaluate the service quality of Indian railways as
reliability, assurance, empathy, tangibles and responsivness.it is found that
passengers are “moderately satisfied” to “satisfied” on this dimension.

Agarwal (2008) identifies employees’ behavior as most important determinant of

customer (passenger) satisfaction with Indian railway services. Eboli and mazzulla
(2007) measure customer satisfaction in the context of bus service on various factors
including availability of shelter and benches at bus stop, cleanness, overcrowding,
information system, safety, personnel security, helpfulness of personnel, and
physical condition of bus stops.

J. D. Power and associates (2008) also measures customer satisfaction with high-
speed and dialup internet service providers based on five factors: performance and
reliability caused of service, customer service, billing, and offerings and promotions.

in a study on internet banking, it has been found that consumers give the highest
weight to the quality of service while selecting a particular bank (geetika et al. 2008)
in other study of customer satisfaction with banking services, it appears that factors
of customer satisfaction are traditional (basic) facilities, convenience, behavior of
employees and the environment of bank (jham and khan2008).

From a close scrutiny of the literature, it appears that no such systematic and
significant study has been attempted the customer satisfaction in reference to
KOLKATA METRO RAIL SERVICE.

10
1.6 Historical Background:

The opening of London’s steam-hauled metropolitan railway in 1863 marked the beginning
of rapid transit. The world’s first rapid transit system was the partially underground
metropolitan railway which opened in 1863 and new forms part of the London
underground. 9in 1868, New York opened the elevated west side and Yonkers patten
railway, initially a cable-hauled line using static steam engines.

Initial experience with steam engine, despite ventilation, were unpleasant. Experiment with
pneumatic railways failed in their extended adoption by cities. Electric translation was
more efficient at faster and cleaner than steam and the natural choice for trains running in
tunnels and proved superior for elevated service.

In 1890 the city and south London railway was the first electric-truncation rapid transit
railway, which was also fully underground. Prior to opening the line was to be called the
“city and south London subway”, thus introducing the term subway into railway
terminology.

Since the 1960 s many news system were included in Europe, Asia, and Latin America in 21st
century, most new expansions and system are located in Asia with China becoming the

world’s leader in metro expansion. Operating some of the largest and busiest system while
possessing almost 60 cities operating, construction or planning a rapid transit system.
In India, the chief minister of west Bengal Bidhan Chandra Roy, reconceived the idea of an
underground railway for Kolkata in the early 1950 s.

The first underground railway to be built in Calcutta, India with the first trains running in
October 1984 and the full stretch that had been initially planned completed and
operational by February 1995. The south wared extension of line 1 to an elevated corridor
from Tollygaunge to New Garia was constructed and opened into phases. Mahanayak
uttam Kumar to Kavi Nazrul in 2009 and Kavi Nazrul to Kavi Subhash in 2010. The latest
extension constructed was the 2.59 k.m elevated corridor from dumdum to Noapara in
2013.

11
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Historical Background

12
1.7 METHODOLOGY & TECHNIQUES:
METHODOLOGY:
Nature of the descriptive in nature. It is based on combination of primary data and
secondary data (i.e., Self-collection and through website) both.

TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES:

In this study based on statistical tool like percentage, different gaps, charts etc.

1.8 SCOPE & LIMITATION OF STUDY:

SCOPE OF STUDY:
This project framework will increase the knowledge and understanding about Kolkata metro
railways among the vehicles.it will also make people know about metro railways future
planning and extension.

LIMITATIONS OF STUDY:
Limited no of participant’s is 47 which is not sufficient to analyze data properly but we can
get at least a short review over the study. So secondary data is also collected as references
people might not give accurate response, which affects the results of the study. Some
respondents have not taken the schedule seriously and hence, the researcher had to discard
those responses.

13
 CHAPTER-2
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 CONCEPT OF METRO RAILWAY:
The Kolkata metro railway is the underground mass rapid transit urban railway network in
Kolkata (Calcutta), India. The foundation stone of the project was laid by Smt.Indira Gandhi,
the then prime minister of India, on December 29,1972. It was the first underground
railway to be built in India and fifth in Asia, with the operations commencing in
october,1984 and the full stretch that was initially planned being operational by February,
1995.it is run by the Indian railways and considered to have the status of a zonal railway.
The new Delhi metro, which opened in 2002, is the second such urban metro rail network
in India. However, being the country’s first, and a completely indigenous process, the
construction of the Kolkata metro was more of a trail-and-error affair, in contrast to the
Delhi metro, which has seen the involvement of numerous international consulants.as a
result, it took nearly 23 years to construct a 17 km underground railway.
Since the commencement of construction, the project of Kolkata metro railway had to
contend with several problem such as non-availability of sufficient funds till 1977-78,
shifting of underground utilities, court injunctions, irregular supply of vital materials and
others. But overcoming innumerable hurdles and crossing all barriers of disbelief, Calcutta
metro, India’s first and Asia’s fifth, became a reality on october24,1984 with the
commissioning of partial commercial service covering a distance of 3.40km with five
stations between Esplanade and Bhownipur. This was quickly followed by commuter
service another 2.15 km stretch in the north between Dum Dum and Belghria on November
12, 1984.the commuter service was extended up to tollygaunge April 29,1986 covering
further distance of 4.24km making the service available overall distance of 9.79 k, and
covering 11 stations.
However, the service on the north section were suspended w.e.f. 26.10.92 as this isolated
small section was not attractive to commuters. After a gap of over eight years, the 1.62 km
belgharia to Shyambazar section along with dum-dum-belghria stretch, was opened on
august 13,1994. Another 0.71 km stretch from esplanade to Chandi chowk was
commissioned shortly thereafter, on October 2, 1994. The Shyambazar-Sova bazar-Girish
Park (1.93 km) and Chandni chowk-central (0.06 km) sections were opened on February
19,1995. Services on the entire stretch of metro introduced from September 27, 1995.by
bridging the viral gap of 1.80 km in the middle. A dream thus came true.

14
2.2 MASS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA

India consists of a variety of MRT systems, some of which are

under the legislation of Indian Railways, while others under
government organizations. Few important ones of these have
been mentioned. Except for them Chennai and Delhi Suburban
Rail Systems, Bengaluru, Mumbai, Jaipur and Hyderabad
Metro, are among other mass transportation systems

operational/underrplanning/construction in India .
2.2.1 Kolkata Metro

The first rapid transit system for the ancient capital of the
nation, Kolkata Metro forms the seventeenth zone of the
Indian Railways. The first North – South line of 28kms is
operational from Dum-Dum to Tollygunge. It was sanctioned in
1972. This along with other lines together constitutes to
98kms. The remaining 70kms is under construction. The
extension of the number of lines will see the country’s first
underwater metro along the East – West corridor from Salt
Lake City to Howrah. This is the only metro train system
which functions directly under the Indian Railways. Kolkata
Metro is the first and the only underground railway project
implemented in India.

Kolkata had faced a serious problem with only 8% of the land

being available for road transport as compared to 25%–30% of
land available for road transport in other cities, thereby
reducing the scope for increasing the existing road area.
Therefore, an underground route was envisaged with five rapid
transit lines comprising a route length of 97.5 km. While the
phase 1 of the North South (NS) axis commenced its services
in 1995, Phase 2 and Phase 3 were recently opened in 2009
and 2010 respectively.

Several steps have been taken to improve the existing

conditions of the MRTS. The existing metro stations would
undergo renovation and introduce Fare Collection, Passenger
Control system with Radio Frequency Identification based
Flap Gates, Integrated Security System, new air-conditioned
rakes and Automatic Signalling system.

15
2.2.2 Chennai Metro

The first phase of the rapid transit system in the capital of

Tamil Nadu is under construction. It consists of two corridors,
together covering a length of about 45kms of which almost
Sankalp Shukla and Anwesha Aditi
Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology
Print ISSN: 2349-8404; Online ISSN: 2349-879X; Volume 2, Number 12; April-June, 2015
52 half is underground and another half elevated. The system upon
completion will take over the existing Chennai MRTS. It is
owned by a government entity named Chennai Metro Rail
Limited.
2.2.3 Mumbai Suburban Railway
The system uses exclusive inner urban railway lines to serve
the entire Mumbai Metropolitan Region through a network
about 465kms long. It has a daily ridership of approximately
7.5 million commuters and forms the busiest rapid transit
system of the world. The system is operated by the Western
Railways (Western line) and Central Railway (Central line,
Harbour line, Trans – harbour line and the Vasai – Diva – Panvel
line) zones of the Indian Railways. It uses AC powered
electric multiple units or the mainline electric multiple units.

2.2.4 Hyderabad Multi-modal Transport System

Abbreviated as MMTS, it is a suburban rail system which

serves the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad
operated by the South-Central Zone of the Indian Railways.
The phase I expands to over 43kms and connects Hyderabad
with Secunderabad along with Lingampally, Umdanagar and
Manohar Abad. The phase II of this system is 107km long and
will connect Patancheru, Tellapur, Bibi Nagar and Rajiv
Gandhi International Airport.
3.5 Delhi Metro
The system which started its operation in 2002 is currently
about 193kms long, whereas 350kms is under construction.
The MRTS serves the city of Delhi along with satellites towns
of Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Gurgaon and Noida. The Rapid
Metro Rail Gurgaon links with the Delhi Metro System. Delhi
Airport Metro Express (DAME) allows swift connectivity
from the city to the Indira Gandhi International Airport. The
complete metro system in Delhi has six lines along with a total

16
ridership of about 2.01 million.
Delhi Metro aims to provide connectivity to all the parts
within the National Capital Region. It has a great combination
of elevated, at-grade and underground lines and uses both the
broad gauge and standard gauge tracks. It lies under the
ownership of the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC)
within the Ministry of Urban Development, Government of
India.
The services under operation use four, six or eight coaches.
The Metro system in Delhi is the first ever railway project in
the world to get carbon credits for reducing greenhouse gas
emissions and it reduces pollution levels in the city by 6.3 lakh
tons every year. It has assisted in removing about 3.9 lakh
vehicles from the roads within Delhi.
A marvellous achievement of Delhi Metro has been its
successful completion within the deadlines. Currently, phase
III of the system is under construction. Delhi Metro provides
services as frequent as within 2m30sec. It offers a completely
barrier free system for the physically challenged, and feeder
services.
The immense success of the Delhi Metro Rail systems owes to
the managing director of DMRC and a great coordination and
collaboration between all the stake holders involved. Instead
of providing connectivity and accessibility options just within
the city, the system targeted for a regional connectivity. The
construction and implementation process recruited highly
skilled and experienced people. No shortage of finance was
ensured and political interference was disregarded. The project
is a clear example of the adoption of proper planning
measures. During construction, there used to be meeting at
regular intervals to discuss the progress and preparation of
detailed project reports (DPRs). Proper considerations were
given to the environment. A pivotal positive of the Delhi
Metro system is the adoption of the state of the art
technologies like high class security systems, stations fitted
with seismic sensors, completely automatic ticketing,
automatics computerized system for power supply,
Some of the problems faced during the implementation were
due to land acquisition and relocation of people.

2.2.5 Kolkata Suburban Railway

The Suburban rail system plays a major role in the public

transport system of several Indian cities by connecting the
central business districts and the suburbs and attracting a large
number of people on a daily basis. These are known as

17
suburban trains or local trains and one such excellent example
is the Kolkata Suburban Railway.
The Kolkata Suburban Railway started operating in the year
1854 with 5 lines running through a length of 1182 kilometres.
The Kolkata suburban railways are operated by the Eastern
Railway and South Eastern Railway. They serve the south
western suburbs of Greater Kolkata through destination
stations which lie in the south western part of Howrah district
like Santragachi, Shalimar, Andul, Ulu Beria, Bagnan, Amta, in
the East Midnapore district like Digha, Tam luck, Haldia,
Panskura, Kolaghat, Mecheda and in the eastern and southern
part of West Midnapore district like Balichak, Kharagpur,
Midnapore and Jhargram.

2.3 Comparison between Metro and Local Train

A metro is a train that is specifically designed to run in metropolitan cities while local train
are designed to connect the distances within the city and its suburbs areas. In this article
you will come to know some crucial differences between the local train and metro train.
Many of you must have heard the name of local train of Mumbai and metro train of Delhi.
Any Mumbaikar can’t imagine the life without its local trains same words are applicable
for the metro trains of Delhi. So both types of trains are lifeline of the metropolitan cities
like Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata. Local train and metro trains are generally used as a
common purpose i.e. daily commuting by the daily travellers.
But still there are many differences can be point out between these two types of trains. For
the simplicity of the readers, first of all we need to define these trains separately;

Local Train:

Local Train is an effective mode of transportation for travelling distances within the city
and connecting its suburbs. Local trains don't have special track for their operations
because their tracks are also used by the freight trains and other passenger trains.

Metro Train:

This train is also used by the daily commuters to cover the short distance or the distance
within the city. This is the new concept of trains in India.
Now let’s study the difference between the Local Train and Metro Train;

What does yellow and white line indicate in the train coaches?

18
1.A metro train is a train that is specifically designed to run in metropolitan cities
while local trains are designed to connect the distances within the city and its
suburbs areas.

2. A metro trains have separate track which is not shared with other trains while the
local trains have to share their route with other trains like freight trains and other
passenger trains.

3.Kolkata Metro was the first metro in India. The first metro service was inaugurated
in Kolkata in 1984 by former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. On the other hand local
trains are in operations since the 1853.

4. The local trains have more seats as compared to metro trains.

5. Metro trains can be underground and elevated but all local trains are running on
the ground only.

6. The distance covered by the local trains is more than the metro trains.

7. The fare charged by the metro train is more as compared to the local trains.

8. As of now around 10 Indian cities has the metro network while local trains is in
operation in almost every big city and town of India.

9. The operating frequency of the metro train is more while the local trains don't
have this much frequency and runs at a long interval.

10. The management of the local trains is fully administered by the Ministry of
Railway, the Government of India while most of the metro rail operation is
administered by the Ministry of Railway and metro authorities of the concerned state
government combine.

So, these were some basic differences between the local and metro trains. We hope
that you understand it.

19
2.4 NATIONAL SCENARIO & INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO
2.4.1 NATIONAL SCENARIO:
There are currently 13 operational rapid transit (also called ’metro’) systems in 21 cities in
India for instance, Delhi metro itself is connected to few other nearby cities in the national
capital region.

As of august 2019, India has 678.52 kilometers of operational metro lines and 540 stations.
A further 500 + km lines are under construction.

apart from the ko0lkata metro (which forms its own zone of Indian railways) this rapid
transit metro lines are not operated by Indian railways but the separate local authorized in
additional their metro systems, the cities of Chennai and Hyderabad have must transit
system operated by the Indian railways, known as the Chennai mrts and the Hyderabad
MMPS, respectively.

2.4.2 INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO:

China has the largest number of rapid transit system in the world at 31, with over 4,500 km
of lines and its responsible for most of the world’s rapid transit expansion in the past
precede. The world’s longest single-operator rapid transit system by route length is the
shanghai metro.

The world’s largest single rapid transit service provided by number of stations (472 stations
in total) is the New York city subway.

The busiest rapid system in the world by annual ridership are the Tokyo subway system, the
Seoul, metropolitan subway, the Moscow metro, the Beijing subway, the shanghai metro,
the Delhi metro, the Guangzhou metro, Mexico City metro, the Paris metro, the Hong Kong
MTR and the Singapore MRT.

20
 CHJAPTER-3
ANALYSIS OF DATA
HERE I COLLECTED ON DATA PRIMARILY AMONG 47 MEMBERS OF DIFFERENT AGE. IN
WHICH 31 MALE AND 16 FEMALES

PARTICIPENTS

FEMALE

MALE

0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16

ANALYSIS ACCORDING TO THE AGE:

PARCIPENTS
40

30

20

10

0
BELOW 20
20-30
30-50
ABOVE 50

From the above chart we can find that young generation (20-30 yrs.) Has more experience
on metro.

21
ANALYSIS OF AVAILIABILITY OF METRO; ANALYSIS OF
FREQUENCY IN USAGE:

PARTICIPANTS

NOT USED

USED

USED NOT USED

FREQUENCY USERS %
ON DAILY BASIS 18 38.30
OCCASIONALLY 11 23.40

SOMETIMES (IN MONTH) 9 19.15

VERY RARELY 9 19.15

22
 IN BAR CHART:

Chart Title

VERY RARELY

SOMETIMES (IN MONTH)

OCCASIONALLY

ON DAILY BASIS

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

23
ANALYSIS OF TIME:
Here” is metro time saving or not?” Will be shown.

IN PIE CHART:

TIME SAVING

YES NO

From the above diagram it is cleared that, using metro saves time than many other
vehicles.it takes a very few times to cover long distance and also takes near about 4-10
minutes from one stoppage to another.

24
 ANLYSIS WITH METRO WITH OTHER TRANSPORT

Difference in fare between metro rai and other transport are shown below by the table and
a graphical way:

FARE PRICE RESPONSES %

CHEAPER 24 51.06

ALMOST SAME 18 38.30

COSTLY 4 8.51

SAME 1 2.13

IN COLOUMN CHART:
FARE PRICE

25

20

15

10

0
CHEAPER ALMOST SAME COSTLY SAME

FARE PRICE

25
ANALYSIS OF ARRAIVL OF TRAIN:
Here time gap between metro train “arrival” will be discussed:

RESPONSES

NEUTRAL

NOT SATISFYING

SATISFYING

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

RESPONSES

26
ANALYSIS RELATED WITH ENVIRONMENT:

It is safe for our environment or note is shown by (primary data):

ACCEPTANCE
NO
10%

YES
90%
YES NO

27
ANALYSIS OF DISTANCE OF METRO STATIONS:

In this analysis distance between metro stations and people’s living place is shown by a
table and chart:

DISTANCE RESPONSES %

0-2 KM 13 27.66

2-5 9 19.15

5-10 10 21.28

MORE THAN 10 KM 15 31.91

IN BAR CHART:

DISTANCE(KM)

MORE THAN 10

5-10 KM

02-05 KM

0-2 KM

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

DISTANCE(KM)

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ANALYSIS OF AVAILABILITY OF OTHER TRANSPORTS:

Here we can see other public transports (like auto, buses, taxis, trains etc.) Availability
near/outside of metro stations:

RESPONSE NUMBER %

YES 43 91.49

NO 4 8.51

IN LINE CHART:
TRANSPORT AVAILABILITY

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
YES TRANSPORT
NO AVAILABILITY

TRANSPORT AVAILABILITY

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ANALYSIS OF METRO STATIONS SITUATED NEARBY OF
NECESSARY PLACES (E.G HOUSING, MARKET, MALLS AND RAILWAY
STATIONS ETC.)

RESPONSE

YES NO NEUTRAL

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ANALYSIS OF EXTENSION OF METRO RAILWAY:

Extension of metro railway related mainly with north-south line up to Dakhineswar and
east-west line up to Howrah-Maidan in western side and Haldiram in eastern side. There
are more four lines, some of which are sanctioned to be built and other are under
construction.so, here we will get an idea about its necessity:

NECESSITY

VERY MUCH HELPFUL NOT THAT MUCH HELPFUL NO EFFECTIVE NEUTRAL

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ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC IMPACT:

Extension of metro and its economic impact will economically condition increase or not is
shown below:

ACCEPTANCE COUNT %

YES 32 68.09

NOT THAT MUCH 13 27.66

NEUTRAL 2 4.26

IN COLOUMN CHART:

RESPONSES

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
YES NOT THAT MUCH NEUTRAL

RESPONSES

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CONCLUTION OF THE PROJECT FRAMEWORK
ADVANTAGES:

• Metro train are fast which helps to avoid traffic and reach people to their destiny
timely.

• In metro station token system has been taken by the authority so that here is no
chance of fraudulence.

• Boarding on this trains and availing their services are cheaper or almost same so
normal public can easily get services at low cost.

• Mainly metro stations are situated at the necessary and famous places (i.e.,
stations, malls etc.) So, people can visit there comfortably.

• The other transportation systems are also allowing metro to reach normal people at
their places.

• A huge number of people are connected with their metro and its helps to build their
live hood.

• Extension of metro will also help to loss their over heavy capacity and operate
skillfully.

• It will maintain the flow of economy of our state.

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DISADVANTAGES:

• The main problem of Metro in current scenario is lack of funding by Government which is
slowing the process of extension and development of it.

• The political issue between Central and state is not focusing the Metro projects under
Work-in-progress to be completed fast.

• So many projects are sanctioned but due to lack of funding and proper budgeting projects
has not started yet which is a type of loss for our state.

• Some other problems are related with availing the land where the projects are to be
constructed. • Recent problem is COVID-19 Pandemic which has stopped the North-South
extension and East-West Extension project of Metro

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RECOMMENDATIONS:

• The extensions of Metro Rails which are under construction should finish their work as
soon as possible and start their commercial activities fast so that people can get more
benefits and use interchanging sections to cover long distances easily

. • The projects which are still not sanctioned must be sanctioned by the authority and
Govt. soon. • The issue between Central & State must be solved.

• The budget distribution p.a. towards the projects under Work –in –progress are too low
to continue the projects properly. • More plans should be implicated to connect major
areas through Metro rails.

• Kolkata’s Metro Line 1 (North-South) should take proper steps towards the security for
people like Line 2 (East-West).

• New gadgets the machineries should be fit in the station corridors. KMRC & RVNL as well
as other companies are trying their best an well all are looking for it to make available of
Metro trains in the capital of West Bengal and its major located areas. Government should
also look forward to our better future. This sector has a huge capability to stable economic
& financial position of Kolkata as well as West Bengal. First underwater Metro can be the
memento to the other states to think to take such policies in their states too that will help
India to develop in such sectors. These will increase mobility, job availability, easy
transport, financial position and GDP as well in our country.

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QUESTIONNAIRES:

1. Your Age
a). Below 20 b)20-30 c) 30-50 d) above 50

2. Have you ever availed Metro Railway Services?

a) Yes b) No

3. How frequently you use Metro Railway Services?

a) On daily basis b) Sometimes in a month c) Very rarely d) Occasionally e)
Never used metro

4. Is metro time saving or not?

a) Yes b) No

5. Related to other transports, difference in fare of metro is

a) Cheaper b) Same c) Almost same d) costly

6. Time gap between Metro trains arrival- Is it satisfying or not?

a) Satisfying b) Not Satisfying C) Neutral

7. Are the metro Services eco-friendly?

a) Yes b) No

8. Is it comfortable and fast?

a) Yes b) No

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9. How much near is the metro station from your home?
a) 0-2 km b) 2-5 km c) 5-10 km d) More than 10 km

10. How much near is the metro station from your Working place?
a) 0-2 km b) 2-5 km c) 5-10 km d) More than 10 km

11. Are other public transports available near/outside of the Metro Stations
[Like Autos, Buses, Taxis, Trains etc.]
a) Yes b) No

12. Is metro secured or not?

a) Yes b) No c) Neutral

13. Are Metro Stations situated nearby of necessary or populated places

(e.g., Housing, Markets, shopping malls, and Railway Stations etc.?)
a) Yes b) No c) Neutral

14. Is it helpful to avoid traffic jam?

a) Yes b) No c) Neutral

15. Your opinion about the extension of Metro Railway in Kolkata and
nearby areas? [Like extension of North-South line up to Dakshineswar and
East-West line up to Howrah Maidan and further]
a) Very much b) Not that much c) It will no effect d) Neutral

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16. Do you think, the extension of Metro Railways will be able to generate
new job opportunities and will be have an impact on Economy of the state?
a) Yes b) Yes, but not that much c) No d) Neutral

17. Your Personal opinion on this survey:

38
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
1. HTTPS://EN.M.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/KOLKATA_METRO
2. HTTPS://EN.M.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/RAPID_TRANSIT
3. HTTPS://EN.M.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/URBAN_RAIL_TRANSIT_IN_ INDIA
4. HTTPS://EN.M.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/RAPID_TRANSIT
5. YOU TUBE CHANNEL *METRORAIL BLOG*

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