SFT3013

ELECTOMAGNETISM

EXPERIMENT 3
PhET SIMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

LECTURER : DR. MOHD SYAHRIMAN BIN MOHD AZMI

By
NAME STUDENT ID GROUP
MOHAMAD IZZ ISALAH BIN D20201093694 B
MOHAMAD ISA

Date and Time of Practical Class

29/12/2020, 8.00-11.00 a.m.
OBJECTIVE
1. To study the magnetic field due to electric current in the coil.
2. To explore the Faraday’s law for electromagnet induction.

APPARATUS
Simulation devise (PhET website) :
https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/faraday

INTRODUCTION
Experiment shows the current, I directly produce the magnetic field , however magnetic field
is inversely proportional with the distance from the wire, r, .The proportional relation can be

I μ
shown B ∝ by with proportional coefficient given is , therefore magnetic field
r 2π
becomes:
μ I
B=
2π r
(8.1)

But when one considers a coil of wire with many loops (or called by solenoid), equation (1)
will change to:
¿
B = μ∋ l ¿

(8.2)
where the number of loop and is the length of coil.

Faraday’s law for electromagnetic induction is the phenomena of the EMF induced from the
rate of change of magnetic flux through the loop:

∆∅ B
= -N
∆t
(8.3)

where the magnetic flux, ∅ B is the uniform magnetic, B field through a loop area A or ∅ B = BA
and N is the number of turns. The law is very important for operating principle in electric
motor and generators.
PROCEDURE
PART A : Magnetic field due to electric current
1. The electromagnetic simulation device had be shown as in FIGURE 1. The distance
and the number of loop (let N=4) was measured by a ruler from the PhET given pick
Electromagnet tab, with fixed distance (d = 5cm). The voltage of the DC source from
0 to 10V will slowly increased. The magnetic field in Tesla, T was recorded by used
field meter. [Note that 1T = 10,000G]

2. The graph of magnetic field versus varying voltage was plotted.

3. The graph of magnetic field versus changing distance of field meter was plotted by
used a ruler for measured the distance with fixed the number of loop and voltage.

PART B: Electromagnetic induction

By used PhET simulation, The Pickup Coil tab (FIGURE 2) had be chosen and the
simulation by varying the strength of magnetic bar, the number of loops and loop area
will be explored. The observation will be reported.

The transformer tab will be clicked and the instruction in Pickup Coil tab (FIGURE 3)
was repeated and observation will be reported.

The strength of magnetic bar, the number of loops, loop area and the water flow will
be increased in Generator tab (FIGURE 4). The observation was reported.
RESULTS & ANALYSIS
PART A : Magnetic field due to carrying voltage
Voltage, V (±..V) Magnetic Field, B (± 0.1 x 10-5 T)
2.0 3.3
4.0 6.6
6.0 10.0
8.0 13.3
10.0 16.6

Magnetic Field, B versus carrying voltage, V

18

16

14

12

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Distance, d (± 1.0 cm) Magnetic Field, B (± 0.1 x 10-5 T)

2.0 144.2
4.0 29.8
6.0 10.6
8.0 5.0
10.0 2.7

Magnetic Field, B versus changing distance, d

 Magnetic Field, B (± 0.1 x 10-5 T)
160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5

PART B: Electromagnetic induction

1. Pickup Coil
Magnetic strength Loop Loop area (%) Observation
(%)
50 1 50 The light of bulb was
dimmed
100 1 50 The light of bulb was
dimmed
50 2 100 The light of bulb was
brightness
100 2 100 The light of bulb was
dimmed
50 3 50 The light of bulb was
dimmed
100 3 100 The light of bulb was
brightness

Transformer
Voltage, V Electromagnet Pickup coil Pickup coil Observation
(±..V) loop loop loop area (%)
10 2 1 75 The light of bulb
 was dimmed
10 2 1 100 The light of bulb
was dimmed
10 2 2 75 The light of bulb
was dimmed
10 4 2 100 The light of bulb
was brightness
10 2 2 75 The light of bulb
was brightness
10 2 2 100 The light of bulb
was dimmed

Magnetic Loop Loop area (%) The speed flow Observation

strength (%) of water
50 1 50 slow The light of bulb
was dimmed
50 1 100 fast The light of bulb
was brightness
100 1 100 fast The light of bulb
was brightness
50 3 50 fast The light of bulb
was more
brightness than
other
50 2 50 slow The light of bulb
was dimmed
100 3 100 fast The light of bulb
was more
brightness than
other

2. The proportional relation between the brightness of bulb with the strength of magnetic bar,
the number of loops and loop area, respectively are all of them was directly proportional.

3. The water flow in Transformer affects the brightness of bulb because the magnet bar was
rotated cause by the water flow it. The increased of number of magnetic field lines flowing
through the loop depend on the magnet moving to the loop. After that, it will produce
magnetic flux based of the component of the magnetic field flowing through the surface. It is
following the principle of Faraday’s Law which state that the magnitude of the
electromagnetic field is proportional the magnetic flux.”

DISCUSSION
An appropriate equation of the observation has made by varying the strength magnetic field,
loop area, the number of loop and water flow are magnetic field was directly proportionally
with loop area,the number of loop and the speed of water flow.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the objective of this experiment that to study the magnetic field due to electric
current in the coil and to explore the Faraday’s law for electromagnet induction.
was successfully by following the principle.

REFERENCES
Live Science. Faraday’s Law. Retrieved from : https://www.livescience.com/53509-faradays-
law-induction.html

Magnetism, Magnetic Field Force, Right Hand Rule, Ampere's Law, Torque, Solenoid,
Physics Problems (The Organic Chemistry Tutor) [Published on Feb 26, 2017]. Retrieved
from : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csMqfwJRjCs