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ACTIVITY # 02
COMBINATIONAL LOGIC

OBJECT IVE:
 To study the interconnections of different logic gates.
 To understand the flow of signals from a given combinational logic diagram.
 To understand the use of truth table in evaluating the possible inputs from a given diagram.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED:
1. Bread board
2. Connecting wires
3. 5V power supply or equivalent
4. LED (Red)
5. Following ICs (or equivalent) and their datasheets:
 7404 hex inverter
 7408 quad 2-input AND gate
 7432 quad 2-input OR gate

THEORY:
Combinational Logic
A type of logic that can be implemented using basic logic gates only is called combinational logic.
The basic logic gates form the foundation of digital circuits – the AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR and
NOT. Practically all these digital logic may be represented through the combination of gates. The gates
provide the building blocks needed when designing a required circuit response based on a certain set of
inputs.
An interconnection of gates creates a variety of logical functions. And each gate affects the
manipulation of signals to the next level of gates to generate a final result. All the logic gates have one
output and two or more inputs except the NOT gate, which has only one input.
To evaluate the efficiency of a digital circuit, it is often used the truth table – list of all possible logic
inputs and its corresponding output, to test the capability of the circuits in manipulating bits of
information. It uses a 2n to identify the numbers of possible of combinations for inputs, where n is the
number of inputs. Truth tables are normally arranged from the input columns to output column (from
left to right), starts from the lowest possible inputs up to the highest possible inputs (from top to
bottom) in ascending order.
PROCEDURES:
1. Set the power supply to 5V.
2. Insert the required ICs on to the bread board and make their supply and ground connections by
joining 5V wire to pin # 14 and Gnd wire to pin # 7.
3. From given logic diagram, make connections using wires and gates in the ICs. Consult IC’s
internal connection diagram for input and output pins of the gates.
4. Apply different combinations at the three inputs and observe the output.

LOGIC DIAGRAM:

B
X

OBSERVATIONS:

Inputs Output (X)

A B C Expected Observed
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 1 1

QUESTIONS:
1. How the truth table arranged its combination? Why is it arranged in this manner?
2. Are all pins of ICs were used? Why?

3. Are there any effects from one output of an IC if other inputs are not connected? Why?