Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Alangilan, Batangas City
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
Problem Set No. 3
Physics 1
ANSWERS:
1. (15pts) Outside a house 1.0km from ground zero of a 100-kiloton nuclear
bomb explosion, the pressure will rapidly rise to as high as 2.8atm while the
pressure inside the house remains 1.0atm. If the front house measures
3.33m high by 15.0m wide, what is the resulting net force exerted by air on
the front of the house?
Fnet = 8,991,000 N or 9.00x106 N

2. (25pts) A 5.0m long steel wire has a cross-sectional area of 0.55cm2. Its
proportional limit has a value of 0.0018 times its Young’s modulus. Its
breaking stress has a value of 0.0065 times its Young’s modulus. The wire
is fastened at its upper end and hangs vertically.
(a) How great a weight can be hung from the wire without exceeding the
proportional limit? w = 19,800 N or 1.98x104 N
(b) How much will the wire stretch under this load? Δl = 0.009m or 9.0 mm
(c) What is the maximum weight that the wire can support?
w = 71,500 N or 7.15x104 N

3. (15pts) A steel cable with cross-sectional area of 3.00cm2 has an elastic limit
of 2.40x108 Pa. Find the maximum upward acceleration that can be given a
1200-kg elevator supported by the cable if the stress is not to exceed one-
fourth of the elastic limit. a = 5.2 m/s2

4. (10pts) A cylindrical bucket, open at the top, is 25.0cm high and 10.0cm in
diameter. A circular hole with a cross-sectional area 1.50 cm2is cut in the
center of the bottom of the bucket. Water flows into the bucket from a tube
above it at the rate of 2.40x10-4 m3/s. How high will the water in the bucket
rise? y1 = 0.1306 m or 13.06 cm
5. (10pts) A U-shaped tube open to the air at both ends contains some mercury.
A quantity of water is carefully poured into the left arm of the U-shaped tube
until the vertical height of the water column is 15.0cm.
(a) What is the gauge pressure at the mercury-water interface?
Pgauge = 1470 Pa
(b) Calculate the vertical distance h from the top of the mercury in the right-
hand arm of the tube to the top of the water in the left-hand arm.
h = 0.1390 m or 13.90 cm

6. (10pts) A swimming pool is 5.0m long, 4.0m wide, and 3.0m deep.
Compute the force exerted by the water against the bottom and either
end. (Hint: Calculate the force on a thin, horizontal strip of depth h, and
integrate this over the end of the horizontal strip.) Do not include the force
due to air pressure.

Fbottom = 588,000 N or 5.88x105 N

Fend = 176,400 N or 1.76x105 N

7. (10pts) Advertisements of a new car from Honda claim that it floats in water.
If the car’s mass is 950kg and its interior volume is 2.5m3, what fraction of
the car is immersed when it floats? 38% of the car is immersed

You can ignore the volume of steel and other materials. When water
gradually leaks in and displaces the air in the car, what fraction of the interior
volume is filled with water when the car sinks? 62% of the interior volume
is filled with water

8. (15pts) A soft drink (mostly water) flows in a pipe at Asia Brewery with a
mass flow rate that would fill 220 0.355-L cans per minute. At point 2 in the
pipe, the gauge pressure is 152kPa and the cross-sectional area is
8.20cm2. At point 1, 1.35 m above point 2, the cross-sectional area is 2.20
cm2. Find the mass flow rate, volume flow rate, the flow speeds at point 1
and 2 and the gauge pressure at point 1.

Mass flow rate = 1.30 kg/s, Volume flow rate = 1.3x10-3 m3/s

v1 = 5.91 m/s, v2 = 1.59 m/s, P1 = 122.57 kPa

 9. (10pts) While painting the top of an antenna 225m in height, you accidentally
let a 1.00-L water bottle fall from your lunchbox. The bottle lands in some
bushes at ground level and does not break. If a quantity of heat equal to the
magnitude of the change in mechanical energy of the water goes into the
water, what is the increase in temperature? ΔT = 0.53°C

10.(15 pts) Evaporation of sweat is an important mechanism for temperature

control in some warm-blooded animals. (a) What mass of water must
evaporate from the skin of a 75.0-kg man to cool his body 1.00ºC?
mw = 0.1079 kg

(b) What volume of water must the man drink to replenish the evaporated
water? Compare to the volume of a soft drink can (355cm3).
107.9 cm3 or 30.39% of a soft drink can

Use: latent heat of vaporization of water at body temp

2.42x106J/kg-K
Specific heat of a typical human body = 3480 J/kg-K
11.(15pts) You cool a 100-g slug of red-hot iron (temperature 745 ºC) by
dropping it into an insulated cup of negligible mass containing 75.0g of
water at 20.0 ºC. Assuming no heat exchange with the surroundings,
(a) What is the final temperature of the water? T = 114.33°C
(b) what is the final mass of the iron and the remaining water?
mFe = 100 g
mremaining = 61.86 g
mtotal = 161.86 g

12.(10pts) You are asked to design a cylindrical steel rod 50.0cm long, with a
cross section, that will conduct 150.0J/s from a furnace at 400.0 ºC to a
container of boiling water under 1 atmosphere. What must the rod’s
diameter be? d = 0.0796 m or 7.96 cm
13.(20pts) A series of thermodynamic process is shown below. In process ab,
150J of heat is added to the system, and in process bd, 600J of heat is
added. Find
a) the internal energy change in process ab; ΔUab = 150 J
(b) the internal change in process abd; ΔUabd = 510 J
(c) the total heat added in the process abd. Qabd = 750 J
14.(15pts) During an adiabatic expansion the temperature of 0.450 mole of
Argon (Ar) drops from 50 ºC to 10.0 ºC. The argon may be treated as an
ideal gas.
(a) Draw a p-V diagram for this process.

(b) How much work does the gas do? W = 224.46 J

(c) What is the change in internal energy of the gas? ΔU = -224.46 J

15.(5pts) One kilogram of water at 0 ºC is heated to 100 ºC. Compute its

change in entropy. ΔS = 1296.61 J/K
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