1.

Why is it important that a researcher has to have in-depth understanding of

research designs?

Consider when deciding on a research topic, it's important to think about all possible research
design elements, including the problem statement, purpose, and research questions. The research
design specifies how the study will be carried out, which includes:
 Population - Is there an accessible population for data collection? Does the study
involve a protext population, e.g., children, prisoners, etc.? Can the topic pass IRB
approval?
 Sampling - Can a sufficient sample size be obtained (qualitative or quantitative)?
 Participant Selection / Recruitment - Can participants be identified, contacted, and
recruited for participant?
 Instrumentation - For quantitative research, especially, do validated survey
instrument(s) exist to measure the defined variables?
 Data Collection - Will participants be willing to provide the requested data? This is
particularly critical for sensitive topics.

2. When is qualitative/quantitative research used?

Quantitative research entails generating numerical data or data that can be
transformed into usable statistics in order to quantify a problem. Qualitative research is a
type of investigation that examines information conveyed in natural settings through
language and behavior.
3. What factors should be considered in the preparation of research design?
1. Objectives of the research study;
2. Means of obtaining the information;
3. Tools for data collection;
4. Data analysis (qualitative and quantitative);
5.Time available for each stage of the research;
6. Cost involved for the research.

4. When is descriptive research design used? Historical? Case study or Experimental?

Descriptive research aims to describe a population, situation, or phenomenon in a
systematic and accurate manner. It can answer the questions of what, where, when, and how, but
not why. A descriptive research design can investigate one or more variables using a variety of
research methods. The researcher does not control or manipulate any of the variables, unlike in
experimental research.