Professional Documents
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Fise Tehnice Ancore Standard
Fise Tehnice Ancore Standard
Fise Tehnice Ancore Standard
11/2012
PFEIFER
SEIL- UND HEBETECHNIK
GMBH
DR.-KARL-LENZ-STRASSE 66
D-87700 MEMMINGEN
PHONE Technical 0 83 31-937-345
support
Sales 0 83 31-937-290
FAX 0 83 31-937-342
2
© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Contents
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
With a sure grasp,
fast and efficient
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
With PFEIFER you have
many advantages
Efficiency
• Reliable lifting devices for quickest attachment
• High durability from selected quality materials
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Attaching is very quick:
PFEIFER WK lifting devices
PFEIFER WK Quicklift is the reliable lifting device for the
PFEIFER WK system. PFEIFER DR and PFEIFER WK anchors
can be attached rapidly and safely with the PFEIFER WK
Quicklift. This enables problem-free moving and assembly
of precast concrete elements.
System
• PFEIFER WK Quicklift for all anchors of the WK system
• Wide choice of associated anchors and accessories –
all lifting operations can be done practically and safely
PFEIFER WK Quicklift
• Highest safety levels from 50 years of experience in
the manufacture and use of lifting anchors
• Rapid and secure attachment
• Convenient in use
• Can be used for parallel and transversal shear pull
Made in Germany
• Safe manufacture under steady-state conditions
• In-house quality assurance
• Continuous product development
• High-ductility special precision-cast steel
• Controlled welding processes to applicable standards
• Supervision of welding and specialist welding engineer
Safety
• In-house production control, a permanent feature of
our production for decades
• Certification in accordance with DIN EN 9001
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
PFEIFER WK Quicklifts
Item-No. 05.184
Lifting device
WK System
Lifting device
Material:
Hardened cast steel, hardened
round steel, painted
PFEIFER WK Quicklift
Ref.-No. Type/Size NR,adm VR,adm for anchors Dims., [mm] weight
[kN] [kN] of size D H h B s d f [kg/piece]
05.184.013.3 WK/DR 1.3 13 6.5 1.3 54.0 162.0 74.0 33.0 11.5 46.0 74.0 0.99
05.184.025.3 WK/DR 2.5 25 12.5 2.5 63.0 194.0 89.0 42.0 16.0 55.0 86.0 1.41
05.184.050.3 WK/DR 5.0 50 25.0 5.0 82.0 236.0 112.0 60.0 21.5 70.0 118.0 3.22
05.184.100.3 WK/DR 10.0 100 50.0 10.0 105.0 339.0 155.0 84.0 29.0 84.0 160.0 8.92
05.184.200.3 WK/DR 20.0 200 100.0 20.0 153.0 441.0 231.0 115.0 41.0 118.0 186.0 22.00
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Instructions for installation and use
System FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
WK/DR anchor
The following safety parameter values for PFEIFER lifting anchor systems are derived as follows in accordance with the VDI/BV-BS 6205 directive, with the
prerequisite of the machinery directive 2006/42/EC. For this, a load-side dynamic working coefficient ψdyn=1.3 was assumed.
– Steel failure wire rope: γs = 4,0
– Steel failure chains or full sections: γs = 3,0
– Concrete failure (procedure B*): γc = 2,5
– Concrete failure (procedure A*): γc = 2,1 * for factory monitored fabrication of the prefab concrete elements
E ≤ Radm E
Radm
Notice: Determination of
stress according to VDI/
BV-BS 6205.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Dimensioning FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Lifting device
Type/Size NR,adm [kN] VR,adm [kN] Can be used for
Caution: The anchors to be concreted-in must be determined by
the planning engineer. The instructions for installation and use of
WK/DR 1.3 13 6.5 DR 1.3 the selected anchor must be complied with.
WK/DR 2.5 25 12.5 DR 2.5 und WK 2.5
WK/DR 5.0 50 25.0 DR 5.0 und WK 5.0 Warning: The use of non-matched system components can
cause reduced safety levels and is not admissible. This can cause
WK/DR 10.0 100 50.0 DR 10.0 und WK 10.0 a hazard to life and limb. Always use components that are matched to each
WK/DR 20.0 200 100.0 DR 20.0 und WK 20.0 other!
OK
visual check
discarding time
discarding time
Yes
Further use
No
Caution: Missing or illegible markings can make it not possible to allocate lifting devices and anchors correctly. This can result in items falling and
causing a hazard to life and limb. Lifting devices and anchors with absent or illegible markings must be immediately taken out of service.
Caution: PFEIFER Quicklifts can be over 4 kg in weight depending on their size. Injury can result if they fall.
All extremities must be kept away from the hazardous area.
– Year of manufacture
– Manufacturer
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Original inspection and service life FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
min
dk
0,9 · dk
max
Free of wear? 1 mm
No distortions?
h
No cracks?
lip undamaged?
min
0,9 · ds
max: s + 1 mm
Aperture width OK?
min: s
Distortion
Wear
When any of the following criteria are met, the PFEIFER Quicklift must not be
Notice: Before using for the first time, at least once a year and
used any longer and should be considered ready for discarding:
after special events, the WK Quicklifts must be examined by the
– Permanent distortion authorised specialist according to the specified criteria. The parts must be
– Cross-section reduction > 10% metallically pure for this.
– Elongation > 5%
– Cracks in the metal cross-section
– Corrosion pits Caution: If the surface has significant corrosion there is the danger
– Aperture width ≥ nominal value s+1 mm that the material is weakened or damaged. This can mean a hazard
– evident distortions, signs of wear to life and limb.
Type/Size Aperture width Limit s Suspension link Limit h Stirrup diameter Limit ds Dimension dk Grenzmaß
s [mm] [mm] height h [mm] [mm] ds [mm] [mm] [mm] dk [mm]
WK/DR 1.3 11.5 12.5 162 170.1 12.0 10.8 20.0 18.0
WK/DR 2.5 16.0 17.0 194 203.7 14.0 12.6 25.0 22.5
WK/DR 5.0 21.5 22.5 236 247.8 20.0 18.0 37.0 33.3
WK/DR 10.0 29.0 30.0 339 356.0 28.0 25.2 50.0 45.0
WK/DR 20.0 41.0 42.0 441 463.1 38.0 34.2 75.0 67.5
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Misuses FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Warning: Use of the WK-Quicklift by untrained personnel results in Caution: Incorrect use can result in items falling and causing a
the risk of incorrect use and the risk of items falling down, causing hazard to life and limb. Lifting anchor systems must be used only
Lifting device
injury or death to persons. Use only trained personnel. as shown in the instructions for installation and use and only by
suitable and trained personnel.
– WK 2.0 – WK 2.0 t
WK/DR 2.0/2.5 WK/DR 2.0/2.5 t
DR 2.5 WK 2.5 DR 2.5 t WK 2.5 t
– WK 4.0 – WK 4.0 t
WK/DR 4.0/5.0 WK/DR 4.0/5.0 t
DR 5.0 – DR 5.0 t –
– WK 6.3 – WK 6.3 t
DR 7.5 – DR 7.5 t –
WK/DR 6.3/10.0 WK/DR 6.3/10.0 t
– WK 8.0 – WK 8.0 t
DR 10.0 WK 10.0 DR 10.0 t WK 10.0 t
– WK 12.5 – WK 12.5 t
WK/DR 12.5/20.0 DR 15.0 WK 15.0 WK/DR 12.5/20.0 t DR 15.0 t WK 15.0 t
DR 20.0 WK 20.0 DR 20.0 t WK 20.0 t
Test service
The PFEIFER test service, with
specially trained test technicians
(EN 473) and the most modern equip-
ment, is available to take over from
you the responsibility for carrying
out the legally prescribed inspection
of your hoists, lifting and attachment
devices. We can test at your site with
one of our mobile vehicles with exa-
mination equipment, at our headquar-
ters or in our branch locations.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
PFEIFER DR anchors
Item No. 05.180
Material:
Forged steel, black
*Caution: The resistance stated here represents the maximum possible resistance of the anchor size. To
select the anchor, the resistance values from the Dimensioning section must be used.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
PFEIFER DR anchor with eye
Item-No. 05.184
Lifting device
Can be used for:
• slab edge installation in structural elements WK System
DR Anchor
Lifting anchor
Material:
Forged steel, black
D
R
B
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
PFEIFER WK anchors
Item-No. 05.185
Material:
Forged steel, black
Example order for 50 PFEIFER WK anchors WK 4.0 plain, length 230 mm:
50 PFEIFER WK anchors Ref.-No. 05.185.040.230.2
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Important information about identification markings
The PFEIFER WK system includes the DR and WK anchors. Because of the transition to VDI/BV-BS 6205, that should be seen as the national implementation
of the machinery directive 2006/42/EC, a new safe identification is necessary. Since, during the transition period, products with the old and the new markings
Lifting device
will still be around, the following table should provide a simple and safe assignment of Quicklift and anchors. PFEIFER WK products with the old and the new
markings for a class of size/load can be mixed in the transition period without affecting safety.
– WK 2.0 – WK 2.0 t
WK/DR 2.0/2.5 WK/DR 2.0/2.5 t
DR 2.5 WK 2.5 DR 2.5 t WK 2.5 t
– WK 4.0 – WK 4.0 t
WK/DR 4.0/5.0 WK/DR 4.0/5.0 t
DR 5.0 – DR 5.0 t –
– WK 6.3 – WK 6.3 t
DR 7.5 – DR 7.5 t –
WK/DR 6.3/10.0 WK/DR 6.3/10.0 t
– WK 8.0 – WK 8.0 t
DR 10.0 WK 10.0 DR 10.0 t WK 10.0 t
Lifting anchor
– WK 12.5 – WK 12.5 t
WK/DR 12.5/20.0 DR 15.0 WK 15.0 WK/DR 12.5/20.0 t DR 15.0 t WK 15.0 t
DR 20.0 WK 20.0 DR 20.0 t WK 20.0 t
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Hold walls on the front side
System
• The cleverly designed product range consists of
the PFEIFER WK/DR anchor, the PFEIFER WK mould-
ing insert for fixing the anchor, and the PFEIFER WK
Quicklift for attaching the anchor. It is suitable for
slab edge installation and offers PFEIFER customers
a simple and safe system for transporting wall-type
precast concrete elements.
Quality
• Safe manufacture under consistent conditions
• In-house quality assurance
• Continuous product development
Safety
• Certification in accordance with DIN EN 9001
• Precisely defined product-specific quality data for
production and raw materials
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Instructions for installation and use for slab edge installation
Lifting device
The DR anchor and the PFEIFER WK Quicklift are a variant of the WK system
for transporting precast wall panels.
Lifting anchor
DR Anchor DR anchor
with eye
The following safety parameter values for PFEIFER lifting anchor systems are derived as follows in accordance with the VDI/BV-BS 6205 directive, with the
prerequisite of the machinery directive 2006/42/EC. For this, a load-side dynamic working coefficient ψdyn=1.3 was assumed.
– Steel failure wire rope: γs = 4,0
– Steel failure chains or full sections: γs = 3,0
– Concrete failure (procedure B*): γc = 2,5
– Concrete failure (procedure A*): γc = 2,1 * for factory monitored fabrication of the prefab concrete elements
Notice: The anchor must always be attached higher than the centre
of gravity of the concrete part because otherwise the structural
element can tip over during transport.
Table 2 – admissible resistance values DR anchors with eye and required reinforcement
Retention reinforcement
Type/Size Retention reinforcement
LS [mm] D [mm] ØR [mm] eye anchor
DR 1.3 325 40 10
DR 2.5 500 48 12 D Notice: When lifting from
a tilting table at an angle
DR 5.0 850 64 16 g ≤ 15°, no special rein-
ØR LS
DR 10.0 1000 140 20 forcement is required. A
DR 20.0 1500 224 32 30° transversal shear pull at
more than 15° is not per-
missible.
FZ
OK
FZ
3 2 3 2 3
NO !
1
2 1 2 L
DR-C–I
C-I
DR-A
S S S S
S1
S1
© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Installation FOR PLANNERS, FOR PRECAST PLANTS, FOR USERS
Lifting device
with wing nut
DR Anchor DR anchor
with eye
Lifting anchor
Caution: If the recessing block is too small, later attachment Notice: For correct and safe attachment of the lifting anchor to the
with the lifting device is not possible. If the recessing block is formwork the suitable system-specific PFEIFER fixing accessories
too large, correct attachment of the lifting device is also not possible; must be used.
there is the risk of the WK Quicklift slipping out. Premature failure of
the anchor and falling of the structural element can be the consequence.
The size of recess block identified as appropriate must
be used.
Installation tolerances
OK
_ 10% d
> _ 10% d
>
NO! NO !
_ 5° N
< _ 5°
<
O! NO!
OK 19
© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Use FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Warning: Transversal
shear load on DR anchors
is not permissible and can
lead to failure of the anchor and
hence to the structural element
falling. This causes a hazard to life
and limb. Anchors must be loaded
only according to regulations.
Tensile load 0 – 30 ° 0 – 30 °
Transversal shear load NO! NO!
Temperature -20 to 80 °C -20 to 80 °C
OK
visual check
discarding time
discarding time
Yes
Further use
No
NO!
NO!
A
K-
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Misuses FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Warning: Use of the anchor by untrained personnel results in the Caution: Incorrect use can result in safety hazards and reduced
risk of incorrect use and the risk of items falling down, causing carrying capacity. This results in the risk of a fall and a hazard to
Lifting device
injury or death to persons. Use only trained personnel! life and limb. Lifting anchor systems must be used only in accordance with
the instructions for installation and use and only by suitable and trained
personnel.
Lifting anchor
changes, humid conditions or any contact with acids, road salt or
sea water!
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Short DR anchors for
slab face installation.
Making pipes and floors
an easy prey
Quality
• Safe manufacture under consistent conditions
• In-house quality assurance
• Continuous product development
Safety
• Certification in accordance with DIN EN 9001
• Precisely defined product-specific quality data for
production and raw materials
22
© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Instructions for installation and use
Lifting device
PFEIFER Quicklift with the DR anchors is a variant of the WK system for
transporting precast floors and pipes.
Lifting anchor
DR Anchor
The following safety parameter values for PFEIFER lifting anchor systems are derived as follows in accordance with the VDI/BV-BS 6205 directive, with the
prerequisite of the machinery directive 2006/42/EC. For this, a load-side dynamic working coefficient ψdyn=1.3 was assumed.
– Steel failure wire rope: γs = 4,0
– Steel failure chains or full sections: γs = 3,0
– Concrete failure (procedure B*): γc = 2,5
– Concrete failure (procedure A*): γc = 2,1 * for factory monitored fabrication of the prefab concrete elements
Warning: The use of accessories that are not part of this system,
those of other manufacturers in particular, can reduce the carrying
capacity and even result in the structural element falling. This causes
a hazard to life and limb. Use only components of the PFEIFER WK
system.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Dimensioning FOR PLANNERS, FOR PRECAST PLANTS, FOR USERS
Notice: The anchor must always be attached higher than the centre
of gravity because otherwise the element can tip over during trans- E
port.
E ≤ Radm
Notice: To achieve the stated carrying capacity, you need to
comply with the minimum dimensions, the minimum reinforcement
of the installation instructions and a concrete cube strength com-
pression as in Tables 1-4!
Notice: Determination of
stress according to VDI/ Rzul
BV-BS 6205.
Table 1: PFEIFER DR anchor A – G permissible resistance values for normal slab thickness as in Table 4.
Type/Size Anchors height NR,adm [kN] for β=0-12,5° NR,adm [kN] for β=12,5-30°
h [mm] 15 N/mm² 25 N/mm² 35 N/mm² 15 N/mm² 25 N/mm² 35 N/mm²
DR 1.3 55 11.5 13.0 13.0 9.8 12.7 13.0
DR 1.3 65 13.0 13.0 13.0 12.2 13.0 13.0
DR 1.3 85 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
DR 1.3 120 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
DR 2.5 70 16.0 20.7 24.4 13.7 17.6 20.9
DR 2.5 85 20.6 25.0 25.0 17.6 22.8 25.0
DR 2.5 120 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
DR 2.5 140 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
DR 2.5 170 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
DR 5.0 75 18.7 24.2 28.6 16.0 20.7 24.5
DR 5.0 95 25.3 32.7 38.7 21.6 27.9 33.0
DR 5.0 120 34.4 44.4 50.0 29.4 38.0 44.9
DR 5.0 160 50.0 50.0 50.0 43.4 50.0 50.0
DR 5.0 180 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
DR 5.0 210 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
DR 5.0 240 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
DR 7.5 85 21.9 28.3 33.5 18.7 24.2 28.6
DR 7.5 95 25.3 32.7 38.7 21.6 27.9 33.0
DR 7.5 120 34.4 44.4 52.6 29.4 38.0 44.9
DR 7.5 140 42.4 54.7 64.7 36.2 46.7 55.3
DR 7.5 165 53.0 68.4 75.0 45.3 58.5 69.2
DR 7.5 200 69.2 75.0 75.0 59.1 75.0 75.0
DR 7.5 300 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0
DR 10.0 120 34.4 44.4 52.6 29.4 38.0 44.9
DR 10.0 135 40.3 52.1 61.6 34.4 44.5 52.6
DR 10.0 150 46.5 60.1 71.1 39.7 51.3 60.7
DR 10.0 170 55.2 71.3 84.4 47.2 60.9 72.1
DR 10.0 200 69.2 89.3 100.0 59.1 76.3 90.3
DR 10.0 220 79.1 100.0 100.0 67.5 87.2 100.0
DR 10.0 250 94.7 100.0 100.0 80.9 100.0 100.0
DR 10.0 340 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Dimensioning FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Table 2: PFEIFER DR anchor A – G permissible resistance values for minimum slab thickness as in Table 4
Lifting device
Type/Size Anchors height NR,adm [kN] for β=0-12,5° NR,adm [kN] for β=12,5-30°
h [mm] 15 N/mm² 25 N/mm² 35 N/mm² 15 N/mm² 25 N/mm² 35 N/mm²
DR 1.3 55 9.0 11.6 13.0 9.0 11.6 13.0
DR 1.3 65 10.9 13.0 13.0 10.9 13.0 13.0
DR 1.3 85 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
DR 1.3 120 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
DR 2.5 70 12.0 15.5 18.3 12.0 15.5 18.3
DR 2.5 85 15.1 19.5 23.1 15.1 19.5 23.1
DR 2.5 120 23.2 25.0 25.0 23.2 25.0 25.0
DR 2.5 140 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
DR 2.5 170 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
DR 5.0 75 14.3 18.5 21.8 14.3 18.5 21.8
DR 5.0 95 18.7 24.2 28.6 18.7 24.2 28.6
DR 5.0 120 24.8 32.0 37.9 24.8 32.0 37.9
DR 5.0 160 35.6 45.9 50.0 35.6 45.9 50.0
Lifting anchor
DR 5.0 180 41.4 50.0 50.0 41.4 50.0 50.0
DR 5.0 210 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
DR 5.0 240 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
DR 7.5 85 16.5 21.3 25.2 16.5 21.3 25.2
DR 7.5 95 18.7 24.2 28.6 18.7 24.2 28.6
DR 7.5 120 24.8 32.0 37.9 24.8 32.0 37.9
DR 7.5 140 30.0 38.8 45.9 30.0 38.8 45.9
DR 7.5 165 37.0 47.8 56.5 37.0 47.8 56.5
DR 7.5 200 47.6 61.4 72.6 47.6 61.4 72.6
DR 7.5 300 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0
DR 10.0 120 24.8 32.0 37.9 24.8 32.0 37.9
DR 10.0 135 28.7 37.0 43.8 28.7 37.0 43.8
DR 10.0 150 32.8 42.3 50.0 32.8 42.3 50.0
DR 10.0 170 38.5 49.6 58.7 38.5 49.6 58.7
DR 10.0 200 47.6 61.4 72.6 47.6 61.4 72.6
DR 10.0 220 54.0 69.7 82.4 54.0 69.7 82.4
DR 10.0 250 64.1 82.7 97.9 64.1 82.7 97.9
DR 10.0 340 97.6 100.0 100.0 97.6 100.0 100.0
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Installation FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Detail
Caution: If the recessing block is too small, later attachment Notice: For correct and safe attachment of the lifting anchor to the
with the lifting device is not possible. If the recessing block is formwork the appropriate system-specific fixing accessories (from
too large, correct attachment of the lifting device is also not possible; PFEIFER) must be used.
there is the risk of the WK Quicklift slipping out. Premature failure of
the anchor and falling of the structural element can be the conse-
quence. The size of recess block identified as appropriate must be
used.
Distances/element thicknesses
Type/Size Anchors Anchoring Edge Axis norm. slab min. slab
length depth distance distance thickness thickness
L [mm] hef [mm] c [mm] s [mm] h [mm] hmin [mm]
DR 1.3 55 65 195 195 130 90
DR 1.3 65 75 225 225 150 100
DR 1.3 85 95 285 285 190 120 h het
DR 1.3 120 130 390 390 260 155
DR 2.5 70 81 245 245 165 105
DR 2.5 85 96 290 290 195 120
DR 2.5 120 131 395 395 265 155
DR 2.5 140 151 455 455 305 175
DR 2.5 170 181 490 545 365 205
DR 5.0 75 90 270 270 180 120
DR 5.0 95 110 330 330 220 140
DR 5.0 120 135 405 405 270 165
DR 5.0 160 175 485 525 350 205
DR 5.0 180 195 500 585 390 225 b
h
DR 5.0 210 225 510 675 450 255
DR 5.0 240 255 510 765 510 285 a a
Lifting device
Tensile load 0 – 30 °
Transversal shear load NO!
Temperature -20 to 80 °C
OK
visual check
discarding time
discarding time
Yes
Further use
Lifting anchor
No
NO!
A
K-
NO! Caution: If the markings are missing or illegible the lifting devices
cannot be correctly allocated to the anchor. This can result in
90°
items falling and causing a hazard to life and limb. Lifting devices and
anchors with absent or illegible markings must be immediately taken out
of service.
Warning: Use of the anchor by untrained personnel results in the Caution: Incorrect use can result in safety hazards and reduced
risk of incorrect use and the risk of items falling down, causing carrying capacity. This results in the risk of a fall and a hazard to life
injury or death to persons. Use only trained personnel! and limb. Lifting anchor systems must be used only in accordance with the
instructions for installation and use and only by suitable and trained person-
nel.
System
• The product range with the PFEIFER WK anchor, the
PFEIFER WK moulding insert for fixing the anchor,
and the PFEIFER WK Quicklift for attaching the anchor
is appropriate for installing in bar-shaped structural
elements and offers PFEIFER customers a simple and
safe system for transporting precast elements.
Made in Germany
• Safe manufacture under consistent conditions
• In-house quality assurance
• Continuous product development
Safety
• Certification in accordance with DIN EN 9001
• Precisely defined product-specific quality data for
production and raw materials
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Instructions for installation and use
System
Lifting device
FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Lifting anchor
WK Anchor
The following safety parameter values for PFEIFER lifting anchor systems are derived as follows in accordance with the VDI/BV-BS 6205 directive, with the
prerequisite of the machinery directive 2006/42/EC. For this, a load-side dynamic working coefficient ψdyn=1.3 was assumed.
– Steel failure wire rope: γs = 4,0
– Steel failure chains or full sections: γs = 3,0
– Concrete failure (procedure B*): γc = 2,5
– Concrete failure (procedure A*): γc = 2,1 * for factory monitored fabrication of the prefab concrete elements
Notice: The anchor must always be attached higher than the centre
of gravity of the concrete part because otherwise the structural
element can tip over during transport.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Dimensioning FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Table 2: Carrying capacity and reinforcement for erection and vertical lifting of column head
Type/Size NR,adm VR,adm d ØBÜ Si ØL Anzahl ØU l
[kN] [kN] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] U-Bügel [mm] [mm]
WK 2.0 20 10 170 8 30, 30, 50, 50, 125 12 2 6 500
WK 2.5 25 12,5 190 8 30, 30, 50, 50, 125 14 2 8 500
WK 4.0 40 20 260 10 30, 50, 50, 50, 50, 150 16 2 10 600
WK 6.3 63 31,5 300 12 30, 30, 50, 50, 50, 150 20 4 8 700
WK 8.0 80 40 360 12 30, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 250 25 4 10 750
WK 10.0 100 50 380 14 30, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 250 25 4 10 900
WK 12.5 125 62,5 400 16 30, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 250 25 4 12 950
WK 15.0 150 75 450 20 30, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 300 28 4 14 1000
WK 20.0 200 100 600 20 30, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 300 28 4 16 1500
Pos. 1 :
d WK 6.3, 8.0, 10.0 U-shaped stirrup
1 1
d
l
Øu
ØBü 1 1
ØL 1
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Installation FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Lifting device
Fixing screw Anchor
with wing nut
Lifting anchor
Notice: In this case, minimum dimensions in Tables 1 & 2 in the
section on Dimensioning were used! It is compulsory to comply with
these.
Notice: For correct and safe attachment of the lifting anchor to the
formwork the suitable system-specific PFEIFER fixing accessories
must be used.
Installation tolerances
OK
_ 10% d
> _ 10% d
>
NO! NO !
_ 5° N
< _ 5°
<
O! NO!
OK
OK
visual check
discarding time
discarding time
Yes
Further use
No
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Use FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
A
OK
K-
W
Warning: Use of the anchor by untrained personnel results in the Caution: Incorrect use can result in safety hazards and reduced car-
risk of incorrect use and the risk of items falling down, causing rying capacity. This results in the risk of a fall and a hazard to life
injury or death to persons. Use only trained personnel! and limb. Lifting anchor systems must be used only in accordance with the
instructions for installation and use and only by suitable and trained person-
nel.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Lifting device
Lifting anchor
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Makes transporting
effortless: matching
accessories
PFEIFER accessories are part of the recognised PFEIFER WK
system. They are the right items for the user and the usage, give
added value and are perfectly matched to the rest of the range.
System
The range of accessories includes the WK moulding
insert for safe attachment of the WK anchors to the
formwork and PFEIFER fixing screws.
PFEIFER accessories
• Multilayer sealing lips prevent concrete slurry from
penetrating into the moulding insert
• Safe and reliable formwork fixing
• Correctly sized hollow for optimal grip of the WK
Quicklift
Made in Germany
• Safe manufacture under consistent conditions
• In-house quality assurance
• Continuous product development
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
PFEIFER WK moulding inserts
Item-No. 05.181
Lifting device
WK System
Accessories
Lifting anchor
Material:
Rubber
Retaining plate
Thread
Accessories
Ref.-No. Ref.-No. Type/Size Thread Dims., [mm] Weight approx. kg/piece
with thread plate with thread pin M R D d
05.181.013 05.191.013 WK/DR 1.3 M 8 30 60 7 0.11
05.181.025 05.191.025 WK/DR 2.0/2.5 M 10 37 76 7 0.15
05.181.040 05.191.040 WK/DR 4.0/5.0 M 10 47 97 11 0.30
05.181.063 05.191.063 WK/DR 6.3/7.5 M 10 59 121 11 0.51
05.181.100 05.191.100 WK/DR 8.0/10.0 M 10 59 121 11 0.50
05.181.125 05.191.125 WK/DR 12.5 M 10 80 165 11 1.20
05.181.150 05.191.150 WK/DR 15.0 M 10 80 165 11 1.20
05.181.200 05.191.200 WK/DR 20.0 M 10 80 165 11 1.20
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
PFEIFER fixing screws
for WK moulding inserts
Item-No. 05.206
WK System
Accessories
Material:
Steel, galvanized
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Instructions for installation and use
System
Lifting device
FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
WK moulding insert
Lifting anchor
WK Anchor DR Anchor
Accessories
Use FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
WK moulding insert
DR Anchor
DR anchor
with eye
Notice: The wing nut of the fixing screw must be tightened enough Notice: Before each use, the WK moulding insert must be check
to press the whole moulding insert onto the formwork. Only that for usability. If there are apparent dimension differences or dama-
way is the gap between the two halves completely closed. ge, it must not be used again.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Eagle eyes:
a sharp look at the
details
The following pages contain summarised technical information for
easier understanding and for simple and correct rapid application of our
products.
This information does not replace VDI/BV-BS 6205, but is only a short
overview. The VDI/BV-BS directive is always the only binding document
and must be strictly complied with.
Definition of
lifting anchor systems
Lifting anchor systems are normally used for lifting precast ele-
ments. These systems usually consist of a re-usable lifting device
and a lifting anchor cast into the concrete element.
They must operate reliably and safely. To achieve this, they must safely
absorb all stresses that occur during transport, the lifting operations
and assembly and introduce them into the structural element.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Legal basis
The PFEIFER thread system complies with all requirements of the VDI/BV-BS 6205 directive, paper 2. This directive was produced for the safe development,
manufacture, testing, monitoring and use of lifting anchor systems for construction with precast concrete elements. It is divided into three parts:
Lifting device
Paper 1: General principles
Paper 2: Manufacture and placing on the market
Paper 3: Design and application
As shown in the following diagram, the three parts are relevant for different target groups
Manufacturer
Production of lifting anchors
and lifting anchor systems
Paper 2
Manufacturer
Lifting anchor
Planners
Paper 1 Planners
Users
Design of the precast ele-
General principles
ment taking manufacture
and lifting procedures into
account
Paper 3 Users
Production of the precast
element taking lifting
anchors and lifting anchor
systems into account
Accessories
For the manufacturer of lifting anchors, paper 2 of this directive represents the in regard to concrete failure can now be defined and provided in a uniform
first opportunity to meet the requirements of directive 2006/42/EC of the Euro- way for each manufacturer. This enables the user and planner to have a
pean Parliament and of the Council concerning machines, and thereby CE consistent basis for dimensioning.
marking the products. Lifting anchor systems must comply with this directive
to be able to be brought into the market. In particular the verification of safety
Means of support
Means of support are equipment permanently connected to the hoist for
Means of
support and the load or between the means of support and the lifting device.
Attachment Material
Wire rope sling term in the precast concrete element and the associated lifting device tem-
porarily attached to it.
Hook on wire
rope sling Lifting device
Equipment, not part of the hoist, that can be connected to the means of
Lifting device support of the hoist for taking up the load.
Lifting anchor
lifting anchor system
Steel item that is placed in the formwork before concreting and is concreted
in, remains in the precast concrete element and is intended solely as an
Lifting anchor
attachment point for attaching the precast concrete element directly to the
Load
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Safety concept FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
The stresses and resistances indicated in this VDI/BV-BS directive 6205 failure in addition to the European machinery directive which considers
are to be understood as recommendations for creating an adequate level of steel failure only ostensibly and seemingly. In determining the permissible
safety, taking account of the European machinery directive. They are based resistance of the anchorage of lifting anchors and lifting anchor systems,
on defect-free manufacture, fitting and dimensioning and on compliance with the concept of permissible loads (resistances) with global safety factors is
the rules of a quality management system. Predictable incorrect uses must to be applied. The safety concept requires the stress E not to exceed the
be accounted for. Partly also on the part of the precast plant (see also VDI/ admissible value of resistance R. The following evidence is to be provided:
BV-BS directive Part 3). Determination of the resistance of the lifting anchor
incorporated into the concrete and of the necessary additional reinforcement
must be done for all predicted directions of loading and possible types of
E ≤ Radm
In this, the symbols are
E applied stress
Radm admissible load (resistance)
The admissible load (resistance) of the anchorage of lifting anchors and lifting anchor systems is determined, according to this directive, as follows:
Radm = Rk/γ
In this, the symbols are
Possible types of failure of a lifting anchor FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Failure type Fracture pattern: tensile force Fracture pattern: transversal shear force
concrete outbreak
Type of failure characterised by
a concrete breakout of wedge or
cone shape, torn out of the anchor
surroundings and starting at a
lifting anchor.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Failure type Fracture pattern: tensile force Fracture pattern: transversal shear force
Lifting device
Failure type identified by large
shifts and a small concrete break-
out near the surface, that can
occur when the lifting anchor is
pulled out of the concrete.
Lifting anchor
Failure type:
fracture of the lifting anchor steel
Type of failure characterised by the
fracture of steel parts of the lifting
anchor.
Failure type:
Accessories
failure of additional
reinforcement
Failure of steel of a reinforcement
directly or indirectly loaded by the
lifting anchor.
Accounting for predictable incorrect uses FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
Gen. technical info
According to the Product Safety Act (Germany: ProdSG), not only hazards 2. The appropriate lifting devices are used.
arising in correct use but also those in predictable incorrect use must be 3. All the required information is supplied to the transport and assembly
accounted for. Manufacturers and distributors of lifting anchor systems must operator in the form of written assembly instructions.
reduce possible hazards by means of appropriate designs, markings and clear 4. In the factory, suitable transporting and suitable storage are provided.
information in the instructions for installation and use.
Planners of precast elements must include, in their assembly instructions, all
Manufacturers of precast concrete elements can largely exclude hazards the relevant loading cases from production through storage to transport and
from predictable incorrect use by complying with the following conditions assembly into the building. These instructions must also include predictable
as in VDI//BV-BS 6205, Part 3: incorrect usage. The built up documentation must be made available to the
1. Installation of the anchors in accordance with the manufacturer‘s valid ins- operators.
tructions for installation and use, with appropriate personnel as indicated
by the planner.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Dimensioning of lifting anchor systems FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
For the safe dimensioning of lifting anchor systems for precast concrete To determine the correct size of lifting anchor, the stresses in the direction
elements, the following points must be made clear at the start: of the wire rope sling must be determined for all load cases. These stresses
- The type of the structural element and the geometry must then be compared with the applicable resistance values for the type of
- Weight and location of centre of gravity of the structural element loading case. Here, stress ≤ resistance always applies.
- Directions of the loads on the anchor during the whole transport process,
with all loading cases that occur.
- The static system of taking the loads
Directions of stress
Straight pull
Load or load components that act
in the direction of the longitudinal
axis of the lifting anchor.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
1. Force due to weight of precast element FG
FG = V · ρG
Lifting device
with
V = volume of precast element in m3
ρG = specific weight of concrete in kN/m³
Lifting anchor
3. Dynamics factor ydyn
During lifting, and also during transport, the lifting anchor systems are
exposed to dynamic stresses that depend mainly on the type of hoist and the
nature of the terrain. The following table gives approximate values for general
dimensioning.
Accessories
Lifting and transporting on uneven terrain ≥4
1
z = cosβ
5. Providing verification
Fz = F · ψn
Lifting, transporting
·z
G dyn
FZ NR, adm
n = number of lifting anchors sharing the load
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Example elements
Use
Ftotal
β
Ftotal
Ftotal
Ftotal
44
© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Load type: Lifting of formwork
Ftotal
-n=2
- Shear pull factor z ≥ 1 (depends on angle β)
α - Formwork adhesion!
Lifting device
Fz β - no lifting load factor
Lifting anchor
- Lifting load factor as in Table 1
Accessories
α - Formwork adhesion!
β - no lifting load factor
Fz
- No formwork adhesion
- Lifting load factor as in Table 1
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Ftotal
FG/2
- Load type: Deposit/Erecting
-n=2
FQ
- Shear pull factor z = 1
FG/2 - No formwork adhesion
- Lifting load factor as in Table 1
γ
FG/2
Ftotal - Load type: Deposit/Erecting
β -n=2
- Shear pull factor z ≥ 1 (depends on angle β)
FQZ FG/2 - No formwork adhesion
- Lifting load factor as in Table 1
γ
To ensure adequate bonding, install only clean, oil-free lifting anchors with no Suitable/qualified personnel
deposit build-up and non-greased steel wire cables. If there is any doubt they
must be carefully cleaned. Personnel who, through professional training, professional experience and
Installation of the lifting anchors must be as indicated by the manufacturer‘s recent professional activity, have the required specialist knowledge, have been
installation instructions and by the planner and be done by qualified personnel. instructed about the required work and are mentally and physically suited and
Subsequent insertion of lifting anchors into the fresh concrete must be done who can be expected to perform the required actions reliably.
competently and should be the exception.
In particular it is only permissible if: The marking of the lifting anchor must also be clearly recognizable after
- no additional reinforcement is necessary to ensure the carrying capacity and installation in the precast element. In each case the durable and clearly
- the concrete is still sufficiently fluid that it can be properly compacted to recognisable identification of the lifting anchor must ensure an unambiguous
ensure bonding assignment of the compatible lifting device.
Before lifting the precast elements, care must be taken to ensure that com- personnel is required.
patible lifting devices are used, taking account of the PFEIFER instructions for Transporting and assembling the precast elements must be done by qualified
installation and use of the WK system. personnel and with regard to the indications of the planner.
Incorrectly installed or dirty lifting anchors or any with damage such as cor- The specifications in the transport and assembly instructions as in VDI/BV-
rosion or visible distortion must not be used for attachment. BS 6205 section 6.8 must be followed.
The load capacity of lifting anchors can also be affected by damage to the
concrete element (cracks, chips). In these cases an assessment by qualified
Closing the anchors or recesses FOR PLANNERS · FOR PRECAST PLANTS · FOR USERS
After they have been used, anchors should be closed by appropriate means.
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© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Lifting device
EC Declaration of Conformity
according to the EC machinery directive 2006/42/EC, appendix II 1A
Lifting anchor
Dr.-Karl-Lenz-Straße 66
D-87700 Memmingen
declares that the lifting devices‚ PFEIFER WK system‘ according to article 2 d), consisting of the following system components:
PFEIFER WK anchor, 2.0, 2.5, 4.0, 6.3, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 20.0
PFEIFER DR anchor, 1.3, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0
PFEIFER WK Quicklift, 1.3, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0
PFEIFER DR anchor with eye, 1.3, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0
on the basis of their design and construction are compliant with the requirements of the directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 17th
May 2006 concerning machines and with the amendment to the directive 95/16/EC (in short: EC machinery directive 2006/42/EC).
Accessories
– Directive VDI/BV-BS 6205:2012-04
Lifting anchors and lifting anchor systems for precast concrete elements
principles, design, applications
The person responsible for the creation and maintenance of the technical documentation is
– Herr Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Neef
Manager, Development Connecting and Lifting Systems, PFEIFER Seil- und Hebetechnik GmbH
47
© 2012 Copyright, PFEIFER, 87700 Memmingen / Translation of the original operating instructions / Technical modifications and errors excepted. Status 11/2012
Headquarters Our products are sold by:
PFEIFER SEIL- UND
HEBETECHNIK GMBH
Dr.-Karl-Lenz-Straße 66
D-87700 MEMMINGEN
Telefon +49(0)8331-937-312
Telefax +49(0)8331-937-342
E-Mail export-bt@pfeifer.de
Internet www.pfeifer.de
Lifting Anchor Systems J&P Sales Department in Ukraine
Connecting and Lifting Systems JORDAHL&PFEIFER
Thread System TECHNIKA BUDOWLANA
in Germany
ul. Pawáyka 17a
Nobelstraße 51-55 76-018 IVANO-FRANKIVSK
Lifting Anchor Systems D-12057 BERLIN Tel. +38067442-85-78 (Eastern Region)
Tel. 030-68283-02 Tel. +38067442-85-79 (Western Region)
BS Anchor System Fax 030-68283-497 E-Mail info@j-p.com.ua
E-Mail info@jordahl.de
Internet www.jordahl.de in Hungary
Lifting Anchor Systems PFEIFER GARANT KFT.
Am Güterbahnhof 20 Gyömröi út 128
WK Anchor System D-79771 KLETTGAU HU-1103 BUDAPEST
Tel. 07742-9215-20 Tel. +36-1-2601014
Fax 07742-9215-90 Fax +36-1-2620927
E-Mail klettgau@jp-bautechnik.de E-Mail info@pfeifer-garant.hu
Fixing Systems Internet www.h-bau.de
DB Anchor 682 in Singapore
Fundlandstraße 29 J&P BUILDING SYSTEMS PTE LTD.
for Permanent Fixing D-45326 ESSEN No. 48 Toh Guan Road East
Tel. 0201-28966-0 #08-104 Enterprise Hub
Fixing Systems Fax 0201-28966-20 SG-SINGAPORE 608586
E-Mail essen@jp-bautechnik.de Tel. +65-6569-6131
Socket Dowels
Hamburger Ring 1 Fax +65-6569-5286
Polyamide Sockets E-Mail info@jnp.com.sg
D-01665 KLIPPHAUSEN/Dresden
Fixing Systems Tel. 035204-215-11 in Brazil
Fax 035204-215-18 PFEIFER CABOS DE AÇO E
HK Assembly Anchor System E-Mail dresden@jp-bautechnik.de SISTEMAS DE IÇAMENTO LTDA.
S
D-90451 NÜRNBERG
Tel. 0911-6427808 P. O. Box 18917
Stell Bearing UAE-DUBAI
T
Fax 0911-6428472
Staircase Bearing VarioSonic E-Mail nuernberg@jp-bautechnik.de Tel. +971-4-2676644
Fax +971-4-2676646
A
Fax +41-44-7685530
E-Mail info@jordahl-pfeifer.dk E-Mail info@pfeifer-isofer.ch