INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ON
‘TELANGANA MARTYR’S MEMORIAL’

ROADS & BUILDINGS DEPARTMENT ,Hyderabad.

Submitted in Partial fulfillments of requirements
For the Award of degree of
DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
under the guidance of MR. DHEERAJ SIR, AEE,
MR. JEEVAN SIR, LECTURER OF GPT.
NAME: MATTAM ABHISHEK
PIN : 18001-C-232
Signature of Training incharge
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Internship opportunity I had with ROADS &

BUILDINGS DEPARTMENT was a great chance for learning and
professional development. Therefore , I consider myself as very lucky
individual as I was provided with an opportunity to be a part of it.

I would like to use this opportunity to express my deepest

gratitude to MR. NARSING RAO, CHIEF EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, who
heartly welcomed me for the internship and guided and encouraged me
throughout the training.

I would also like to convey my gratitude to

MR.DHEERAJ, ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE ENGINEER, who in spite of
being extraordinary busy with his duties, took time out to gear and keep me on
the correct path and allowed me to carry out my Training.

Our sincere thanks to MR. JEEVAN, LECTURER OF

GPT, MASAB TANK for constantly guiding us.

And lastly, I would like to thank all the department heads

and the staff at the site for their careful and precious guidance which were
extremely valuable for my training both theoretically and practically.
 DECLARATION

I, MATTAM ABHISHEK, Student of diploma declare that the

Report entitled ‘INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT’ written and
submitted by me to Department of Civil Engineering, Govt Polytechnic. The
information in it is completely known from the practical experience in the
Construction site.

MATTAM ABHISHEK [ 18001-C-232 ]

SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIADATE

 CONTENTS

➢ CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION

➢ CHAPTER II - SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT

➢ CHAPTER III - EXCAVATION

➢ CHAPTER IV - FOUNDATIONS

➢ CHAPTER V - COLUMNS AT BASEMENTS

➢ CHAPTER VI - SLABS

➢ CHAPTER VII - BRIEF DETAILS OF PROJECT

➢ CHAPTER VIII - SAFETY MEASURES

 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Roads and Buildings Department :-

Roads and Buildings Department, Telangana State, came into existence on 02-06-2014, on
formation of Telangana State. The Operations of the department are conducted, in the name and
authority of the Governor of Telangana. The Minister for Roads & Buildings in the State Cabinet is
responsible to the State Legislature relating to the works of the Department.

TELANGANA MARTYR’S MEMORIAL :-

We have been assigned TELANGANA MARTYR’S MEMORIAL for field study by the R&B
Department.It was in 2016 that the Chief Minister had laid the foundation stone for the memorial to
be built on 2.5 acres next to Lumbini Park at a cost of Rs 80 crore. However, it was only in 2018
that the design for the structure was finalized.

Within the next six months, the Telangana Martyrs' Memorial is all set to be completed as per the
announcement made by the Roads and Buildings Minister V Prashanth Reddy on Friday. The
memorial is being built for those who sacrificed their lives for the separate state of Telangana. The
memorial will be built on the banks of the Hussain Sagar lake in Hyderabad.
 The minister, who was inspecting the construction work, told reporters that Chief
Minister K Chandrasekhar Rao wants to make it a tradition for the visiting dignitaries from the Centre,
such as the President, Prime Minister, and others to pay their respects to the Telangana martyrs at the
memorial.The minister added that the massive memorial being built in three lakh square feet will have
a museum, a meeting hall, a photo gallery and an art gallery, all depicting the sacrifices of the
Telangana martyrs.

The minister said that the second floor of the memorial will have a World Class
Convention Hall where national and international level meetings may be conducted, while the third
floor will accommodate Restaurants.It has been designed in the form of a traditional 'DIYA'
(earthen lamp) in honour of those who sacrificed their lives for the cause of the Telangana state.

As per the design, a flame-like structure will be constructed using fibre material, starting from the
second floor and rising two floors into the sky. The structure will glow at night.Being built by the
Tourism Department, the Martyrs' Memorial will be an added attraction around the picturesque lake. It
has been designed in such a way that when completed, the Buddha statue in Hussain Sagar and the
tricolour in Sanjeevaiah Park on the other end will appear in the same line of sight.

A pillar with the statue of 'Telangana Talli' will be constructed at the entrance of the memorial.
SITE PLAN
 CHAPTER 2

SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT

R & B DEPARTMENT,Govt of Telangana, is proposing to construct telangana martyr’s memorial in

lumbini park premises, Tank Bund, Hyderabad.The work of geotechnical investigations for this project
was assigned to M/S GEO TECHNOLOGIES vide given by M/S Tanikela integrated consultants
Pvt.Ltd.

Geotechnical investigations were carried out by drilling 6 bore holes, conducting Standard
penetration tests, collecting soil and Rock sample and conducting laboratory tests on soil and rock
samples.

Drilling Works

Drilling works will be carried out by using drilling rigs having the capacity to drill in the sizes and to
the termination requirements or depths instructed. Rotary drilling methods into soil and rock strata
applying different types of flushing media (depending on the existing / encountered soil conditions). In
the particular case of encountering rock layers the appropriate boring / coring method should base on
single tube core barrel or double tube core barrel being capable of recovering rock cores.

NX size rotary core drilling was performed. The size of casing used was 90mm.All the field
operations were conducted as per IS: 1892.

The boreholes were drilled at the locations are shown in plan, to 15m DEPTH.

Soil Sampling & Soil Investigations

The undisturbed samples will be taken at certain intervals to the borehole depth termination and at the
change of strata in borehole under application of various sampling methods and respective technical
standards. Disturbed samples can be derived from selected recovered cores of standard
penetration tests (SPT).

Standard Penetration Test (SPT)

Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) shall be performed in boreholes in order to estimate

consistency, relative density, and strength-deformation parameters of soils. In addition to this soil
samples obtained from SPT testing are used for classification purposes. SPT testing can also be carried
out in weak weathered rock. The SPT testing shall be performed at certain numbers and respective
intervals (it is common to apply an interval of 1.5m/test) to the borehole depth termination for all
boreholes. The number of blows required to 15cm of penetration or fraction thereof is to be recorded.
The first 15cm is to be considered as a seating drive. The number of blows required for the second and
the third 15cm penetration is termed as “standard penetration resistance” or the raw “N value”.

It were conducted in accordance with IS : 2131-1981 , in soil and completely weathered rock (Soft
deintegrated rock) layers and SPT samples were collected.
 CHAPTER 3

TMM EXCAVATION

There are number of excavation methods which are used for deep foundation
construction such as full open cut method, bracing excavation, anchored excavation, island excavation
methods, zoned excavation, top down construction methods etc. These excavation techniques are
discussed.

Excavating the earth for a basement foundation is not just using heavy equipment to
dig a big hole in the ground and pouring in concrete. There is planning that is needed. You need to use
the right basement excavation techniques that will create a foundation that will support your building.

Excavating your basement is a major project that takes know-how to get it right. So
whether it’s new construction, an addition to your existing home or you need to excavate due to
foundation damage. In most cases, they will choose one of the following methods to excavate your
basement.

DIFFERENT MECHANICAL MEANS USED DURING EXCAVATION

• Face shovel excavators – This can be of cable or hydraulic operated, mounted on wheel or track
.They are fitted with µ±bucket which faces away from the machine. They are used for loosening,
excavating vertical or near-vertical soil above the machine base level. They are not suitable for
horizontal or below ground excavation.
• Backactors (Backhoe) – They are used for below ground level excavation. The bucket acts
downwards and drag towards the machine and tilted upwards to hold the loads. They are used
mainly as trench or large scale open excavation, but sometimes they are also used as loading
machines.
• Bulldozers – They are traditionally track mounted tractor with significant weight so that they can
work easier with soil. Bulldozers are usually fitted with a straight or angled blade which can be
slightly raised by hydraulic action to adjust level. They are used for grading materials to levels
over relatively smaller area ,to cut small tree ,remove surface vegetation or hard surfaces etc .The
max cut is about 40Omm below base of the machine.
• Tractor shovel (loading shovel ) – This machine is similar to a bulldozer but has a hydraulic
operated bucket in place of the blade. Materials above the base of vehicle can be lifted and
unload onto a dump truck or onto a spoil heap .The bucket size varies from 0.5m3 to 3or 4m3
depending on capacity of machine.

During the work of excavation , Construction management has found a huge rock
under ground level and it is located at the east side of the construnction site. And it is not possible to
remove or cruch using the available mechanical means. So , The construction management has decided
to blast the rock using dynamites by taking all the permission from Government.
 BLASTING OF A ROCK USING DYNAMITES

• A number of holes are drilled into the rock, which are then partially filled with explosives.
• Stemming, inert material, is packed into the holes to direct the explosive force into the surrounding
rock.
• Detonating the explosive causes the rock to collapse.
• Rubble is removed and the new tunnel surface is reinforced.
• Repeating these steps until desired excavation is complete.

The positions and depths of the holes (and the amount of explosive each hole receives) are determined
by a carefully constructed pattern, which, together with the correct timing of the individual explosions,
will guarantee that the tunnel will have an approximately circular cross-section.

During operation, Blasting mats may be used to contain the blast, suppress dust and noise, for fly rock
prevention and sometimes to direct the blast.
COMPLETE ESTIMATE OF EXCAVATION
 CHAPTER 4

FOUNDATIONS

When looking at a new building project, construction firms need to find the most appropriate design
and construction methods for that particular build, in order to come up with a cost-effective solution
that can deliver on the project requirements and handle site-specific conditions. When it comes to
foundations, traditional trench footings aren’t always the most suitable route, which is why every
construction professional should have a firm understanding of raft foundations
RAFT FOUNDATION
Also known as mat foundations or raft footings, raft foundations are basically slabs of concrete
that sit on a firm, level bed of soil and extend across the largest part or even the entire footprint
of the build. Whilst these are shallow foundations, they can provide much better stress
distribution than conventional trench footings. Because the weight of the building is spread
across a much larger surface area than with traditional trench footings or pile footings, the
stress acting on the soil below is greatly reduced.

WHEN TO USE RAFT FOUNDATION?

Raft foundations are suitable where a building’s footprint is reasonably small, and the structural load
requirements are not onerous. They are also suitable for basement constructions where the foundation
slab can receive direct live loads depending on the use of the building. On sites where the soil
conditions are poor or access for large excavation plant is limited, raft foundations can again prove to
be an excellent solution.
 TYPES OF RAFT FOUNDATION

There are five main types of raft foundation:

1. Solid slab rafts,

2. Slab beam rafts,
3. Cellular rafts,
4. Piled raft foundations and
5. Balancing (or floating) rafts.

We have used the Solid raft foundation with M-30 Grade concrete and Fe-500
Grade steel conforming to IS:1786-2008 .We have provided a clear cover of 50mm for the footings.
And under foundation a M15 Grade concrete is poured.The provisions made in IS:456-2000,IS:800-
2007 & other relevant codes are strictly followed.
Where the build site includes small areas of weaker soil or different soil types,
a blanket raft may offer the best solution. Here, a stone ‘blanket’ is laid on the prepared ground in
layers, building it up to the required level, before the concrete raft is poured on. The raft foundation
and the stone blanket work together to provide an even load support, despite the areas of weakness
within the footprint of the build.

PROCEDURE TO LAY A RAFT FOUNDATION

• First, the excavation is done up to correct depth as per design.

• After excavation, the foundation bed is compacted by ramming
• Then, a waterproof plastic sheet is laid over the earth, and a thin layer of plain cement concrete (PCC)
is poured just to create a perfectly flat and level base, for the foundation.
• After this, a waterproofing layer is installed,in a basement.
• And then, laying of reinforcement is done on spacers over the foundation bed.
• And at last pouring of the concrete is done over the reinforcement.
• The foundation may be stiffened by beams or ribs built in during construction which will add extra
rigidity and strength.

ESTIMATE FOR FOUNDATION & UNDER PCC

 CHAPTER 5

COLUMNS AT BASEMENTS

A Vertical member whose effective length is greater than 3 times its least lateral dimension carrying
compression loads is called as Column. Column transfer the loads from the beams or slabs to the
footing or foundation. The inclined member carrying compression loads as in case of frame and
trusses is called as Struts. Pedestal is a vertical compression member whose effective length is less
than the 3 times the least lateral dimension. We have used the rectangular columns in construction at
basements.

Types of RCC Column:

Based on Shapes

• Circular for exposed outside for good architecture view

• Square or rectangular traditional for any structure

Based on length

• SHORT COLUMN – if L/B<=12

• LONG COLUMN – if L/B > 12

Where L is the height of the column, B is width

Generally, floor height is approximately 3 m or 10 feet, L/B ratio will be less than 12, so in

maximum cases short column is placed. In case where height of floor is more than 3 m or 10

feet, we need to check L/B ratio so result may be long or short column

Based on moments

• BIAXIAL COLUMN: Designed for axial load and moment in 2 directions

• UNIAXIAL COLUMNS: Designed for axial load and moment in 1 direction
Generally, in a building corner most columns are biaxial columns and side column is uniaxial
column and internal columns can be any of these.

ESTIMATE FOR COLUMNS

 CHAPTER 6

SLABS

A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings, consisting of

a flat, horizontal surface made of cast concrete. Steel-reinforced slabs, typically between 100 and
500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slab may be
used for exterior paving.

FLAT SLABS
For the extra widening between columns for fire resistant pipes, etc., in basements, we have
adopted the flat slabs. Flat slabs is a reinforced concrete slab supported directly by concrete columns
without the use of beams. It is also defined as one sided (or) two sided support system with sheer load
of the slab being concentrated on the supporting columns and the drop panels and column head.

TYPES OF RAFT FOUNDATIONS

➢ FLAT SLAB

➢ FLAT SLAB WITH DROP PANELS

➢ FLAT SLABS WITH COLUMN HEADS

➢ FLAT SLABS WITH BOTH

In designs, we have adopted flat slabs with DROP PANELS in the basements to
regulate beams for passage of air and water pipe lanes & other fire extinguisher lanes.
 ADVANTAGES OF FLAT SLAB:

1. A flat slab reduces the overall height of the structure.

2. These slabs are capable of lifting concentrated loads.
3. They require less formwork.
4. Since the reinforcement of flat slabs can be easily expanded, it is easy to place.
5. They also have better quality control.
6. Sprinklers, utilities, and other piping are easy to install due to the absence of beams.
7. This gives a better appearance and diffusion of light.
8. Better fire-resistant than other floor systems.
9. They can be constructed rapidly.

DISADVANTAGES OF FLAT SLAB:

1. In the flat plate system, the construction of large spans is not possible.
2. The use of a drop panel can interfere with large mechanical ducting.
3. They are not suitable for masonry walls (brittle supports).
4. The thickness of the flat plate slab is greater than that of the typical RCC two-way slab.

USES OF FLAB SLAB:

• Flat slabs are mostly used in large industrial structures, parking garages, ramps, warehouses, tall
buildings, and hotels.
• They are used where the beam is not required.
• These slabs also used where the structures require less formwork.
• Also, provide better diffusion of light to the plain roof surface.
 CHAPTER 7

BREIF DETAILS OF PROJECT

• BASEMENT 1

FLOOR AREA = 9940.98 Sq.mts

FLOOR HEIGHT = 3600 mm

NUMBER OF CARS CAN BE PARK = 182

NUMBER OF TWO WHEELERS = 200 APPROX.

• BASEMENT 2

FLOOR AREA = 10.435.3 Sq.mts

FLOOR HEIGHT = 3600 mm

NUMBER OF CARS CAN BE PARK = 187

NUMBER OF TWO WHEELERS = 200 APPROX.

• GROUND (OR) SERVICE FLOOR

FLOOR AREA = 2667.00 Sq.mts

FLOOR HEIGHT = 6000 mm

ROOMS -

✓ WORKSHOP [2 NO’S]

✓ STORES [3 NO’S]

✓ ELECTRICAL MAIN PANEL ROOM

✓ SERVICE LOBBY

✓ CHILLAR PLANT

✓ MAINTAINANCE OFFICE

✓ LANDSCAPE PODIUM
 • FIRST FLOOR
FLOOR AREA = 990.00 Sq.mts
FLOOR HEIGHT = 6000 mm
ROOMS –
✓ PHOTO GALLERY
✓ MUSEUM
✓ AUDIO VISUAL ROOM
✓ MAIN ENTRANCE LOBBY
✓ SERVICE LOBBY

• SECOND FLOOR
FLOOR AREA = 1576.24 Sq.mts
FLOOR HEIGHT = 6000 mm
ROOMS –
✓ INTERNATIONAL MULTI-PURPOSE CONVENTIONAL HALL [715.00 SQ.M]
✓ STAFF ROOMS – 2 NO’S
✓ SERVICE LOBBY

• TERRACE FLOOR
FLOOR AREA = 1575.71 Sq.mts
FLOOR HEIGHT = 3500 mm
ROOMS –
✓ RESTAURENT [215.00 SQ.M]
✓ KITCHEN
✓ LANDSCAPE AREA [ OPENTOP ]
✓ FLAME FEATURE [‘DIYA’]
✓ WALK WAY AROUND DIYA
✓ SERVICE LOBBY
 CHAPTER 8

SAFTY MEASURES AT CONSTRUCTION SITE

Any construction site is a dangerous occupation for all personnel, especially for labors
working on site and so one must be prepared every day for safety. For this purpose, various safety
measures have to be taken.

Safety Procedures at Construction Site

Personal protective equipment (PPE) are supplied to all the personnel’s working on site and even for
the personal who are temporary visiting to the site Personal protective equipment (PPE) can be
classified as:

• Minimum Personal protective equipment (PPE)

• Additional Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Minimum PPE Requirements for Safety at Construction Site

• Hard Hat or Helmet
Hard hat or helmet is issued to each and every personnel working on site. It has to be worn all times at
job site.

• Safety Glasses
Safety glasses are required at construction site every time debris is filled in air due to activities on site.
 • Hand Protection Gloves
Hand gloves are supplied to all personals to protect against cuts when handling material or
equipment’s, during cleaning operations, cutting metal studs or similar works.

• Safety Vests
Safety vests also called as high visibility shirts. Purpose of safety vest is to keep the person always
clear in view, even in the dark and he should be visible to everyone. Safety vests are of different bright
colors like red, green, yellow so it's easy for workers to see and locate each other

• Proper Clothing
Shirts, long pants and hard soul shoes, a 6-inch-high boot is recommended.

Additional PPE Equipments for Safety at Construction Site

• Hearing Protection
It is compulsory to wear hearing protection equipment near any equipment, tool or machinery which
makes loud noises. As per standard practice if you are 2 foot away from somebody and you need to
shout to talk, putting hearing protection is necessary.
 • Respiratory Protection
Sometimes as voluntary respiration policy dust mask is supplied, any employee looking for additional
comfort or safety while working with fiber glass, fire proofing, cleaning the floors or handling debris.

• Face shields
A full face shield should be worn along with safety glasses when working in a
high debris, operating grinder or any spark producing activity or similar activities or when done on
site. An approved welding shield is compulsory to wear during all welding operations.

• Safety Harness
The safety harness is an attachment between a fixed and mobile object and is usually
fabricated from rope, cable and locking hardware. Full body safety harness to be used as a procedure
for fall protecting system, ignorance can result in severe physical harm. Safety harnesses keep workers
safe and are helpful in freeing their hands for work even while hanging on the side of a building.

• Material Storage
Material on the job site should be stored properly when not in use to prevent injury and wastage of
materials. Ensure proper storage and good housekeeping. Proper storage can prevent the falls of the
materials leading to material damage and accidents. Weight of the material stored should be within
safe loading limits of the building floor. Keep the passageway always clear for walking of personal and
prevent injuries. Always store the material away from traffic. Store material at least 6 feet away from
the openings in the floor and 10 feet from the edge of the floor if the wall is not built on edge of floor.

• Manual Material Handling

The personnel should be aware of his weight lifting capacity and if required take the
help of another person if required instead of taking all load himself and use proper lifting techniques.
Always need to wear the safety equipment’s while working on construction site.

• Mechanical Material Handling

Mechanical material handling also requires same amount of safety as in case of
manual material handling. Equipment Operator needs to take care of the weight lifting capacity of the
equipment like forklifts, cranes and other similar to avoid accidents. Ground personnel should be in
machine operator’s vision always and should be aware of the safety procedures while working around
the heavy mechanical equipments

.
 Basic Safety Precautions at Construction Site
In any construction project for basic safety precautions to be implemented are:

• Guard rails to be installed at open scaffold areas, all openings in the building floor, in the excavated
areas, at mobile elevated platforms.

• Yellow stickers with safety notes to be pasted where necessary

• All the working platforms should be stable, properly braced, should not be overloaded and safe for the
working personnel

• All the working areas and passageways should be free from waste or debris or any of obstruction like
stored material

• The site should be clean all the times and the material should be stored safely

• There should be proper arrangement of collection and disposal of waste materials

• First aid should be available at all times on site for cuts burns or any mishaps

• Fire extinguishers to be placed on site on proper locations in case of any fire

CONCLUSION :

As an diploma student of the govt. Polytechnic college,I would like to say that this
training program is an excellent opportunity for us to get to the ground level and experience the things
that we would have never gained through going straight to job. I am grateful to the GOVT
POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE and ROADS AND BUILDINGS DEPARTMENT for giving us this
wonderful opportunity. The main objective of the industrial training is to provide an opportunity to
diploma students to identify,observe and practice how engineering is applicable in the real industry.It
is not only to get experience on technical practices but also to observe management practices and to
interact with on field works.It is easy to work with sophisticated machines, but to also with people. I
feel i got maximum out of that experience.Also, I learnt the way of work in an organization, the
importance of being punctual the importance of maximum commitment, and the importance of team
spirit.The training program having three destination was a lot more useful than staying at one place
throught the period .In my opinion, I have gained lots of knowledge and experience needed to be
successful in a great engineering challenges.

And thank you for providing such a great opportunity for us to interact with the actual engineering
work.