1.

Pardon
An act of executive clemency by a head of state for the purpose of exempting an
individual from the punishment imposes upon him by a court of law.
Kinds of Pardon
Absolute Pardon
It is an absolute pardon when it is granted by the Chief Executive without any conditions
attached. Absolute pardon serves to wipe away the guilt of a pardonee and makes him
innocent as if he has not committed any crime.
Conditional Pardon
It is conditional when it is granted by the Chief Executive subject to the conditions imposed
on the recipient and accepted by him.

2. Probation is part and parcel of the offender's initial sentence, whereas parole comes much

later, allowing the offender early release from a prison sentence. 
Parole is granted by a parole board, after the offender has served some—or perhaps a lot of
—time.