RAILWAY

ENGINEERING

CREATED BY :- Nilesh Sarkar

CONTENT

 Technical Terms In Railways

 Wear Of Rails
TECHNICAL TERMS IN RAILWAYS
Ballast
It is the granular material which is used in packing under and
around the sleeper for transferring the load to the formation.
Ballast – crib
This is the loose ballast between the two adjacent sleepers.

Bearing plates
To reduce the pressure intensity on the soft timber
sleepers, steel plates are provided between the rail and the
sleepers called bearing plates.

Boxing
It is the process of filling the ballast around the sleepers.

Cant (or) super elevation

It is provided on the curves to counteract the effect of
centrifugal force.
TECHNICAL TERMS IN RAILWAYS
Creep of rails
Longitudinal movement of rails in a track in the direction of
motion is called rail creep.

Fish plates
These are plates used for joining the rails at rail joints.

Crossing station
The single line railway stations, where a loop line is provided
to allow a train to stay and other to pass.

Gradient
The slope provided on the track to reach at various elevations.

Loop line
When a branch line starting from the main line again joins
same main line is called the loop line
TECHNICAL TERMS IN RAILWAYS
Level crossing
The place where the road and the railway line cross each
other at the same level.

Point and crossing

Which allow the train to change from one route to another.

Gauge
Gauge is the minimum distance between the running or gauge faces of the two rails.

Terminal station
This is the last station of the routes at which the track terminates.

Kinks in rails
The slope provided on the track to reach at various elevations.
WEAR OF RAILS
The moving of a number of wheels of the vehicles causes what is
known as the wear of rails.

The wear of rails can be classified as follows

 Wear of rails on top or head of rail.
 Wear of rails at ends of rails.
 Wear of rail on the sides of the head of rail.

Wear of rails on top or head of rail

This wear of rails takes places at the ends or rails and is found to be very much greater than
the wear at top of rails.
Effects
 The heavy wheel loads are concentrated on very small areas.
 The impact of heavy loads causes top of rail to wear.
 The grinding action of the sand particles between the rails and wheels help wear of rail on top.
 The corrosion of metal of rails will cause wear of head of rails.
WEAR OF RAILS
Wear of rails at ends of rails
This wear of rails takes places at the ends or rails and is found to be
very much greater than the wear at top of rails.
Effects
 The fish - bolts and fish - plates become loose
 The contact surfaces between rail and sleepers are worn out.
 The sleepers at expansion joints are depressed due to settlement of ballast at these points.

Wear of rail on the sides of the head of rail

This is the most destructive type of wear and occurs when tracks are laid on curves
Effects
 Due to curvature, the pressure due to centrifugal force causes grinding action of wheel.
 Biting of the inner side of the head of outer rail by the wheel flanges.
 The wear on inner side of head of inner rail is due to the slipping action of wheel on curves.