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C. SGH-wall 3
C. SGH-wall 3
1.0 Design Loadings
2.0 Reference Drawings
3.0 Wind Load Analysis
Analysis for Big decorative screen wall Staad
4.0
pro software
5.0 APPENDIX: Technical References
1 of 10
1.0 DESIGN LOADINGS
1.1 DEAD LOAD
* Standard unit weights:
: Density of Steel = 78 kN/M3
: Density of Aluminum = 27 kN/M3
: Density of Glass = 25 kN/M3
a. Self Weight of structure are automatically generated in STAAD PRO
1.2 LIVE LOAD
: Consider Live Load of 0.50 kN/m on steel member.
1.3 WIND LOAD
: Reference Saudi Building Code (SBC‐301) ‐ Wind Design
2
Wind Load on Decorative Wall = 1.24 kN/m on upper height
2
Wind Load on Decorative Wall = 0.62 & 0.93 kN/m on middle height
2
Wind Load on Decorative Wall = 0.31 kN/m on lower height
(Full Pressure applied on Decor Wall)
1.4 LOAD COMBINATION (Auto Generated in Staad)
1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
1.2 DL + 0.5LL + 1.6 WL
1.5 Stresses of Steel
A36 Steel ‐ fy = 36 ksi
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2. REFERENCE DWG.
3 of 10
3.) WIND LOAD DATA:
DESIGN PRESSURE CALCULATION (p)
: p = q(GCp) ‐ qi(Gcpi) (Kn/m2) : equation 7.2‐14
q = velocity pressure, Kn/M2
qi = velocity pressure for internal pressure determination
G = Gust effect factor
Cp
= external pressure coefficient to be used in determination of wind loads for building
= Product of internal pressure coefficient and gust effect factor to be used in
Gcpi
determination of wind loads for building
: Consider q = qi = qz
Determine 'qz' :
qz =0.0473x10⁻3 KzKztKdV2I (Kn/m2) (eq. 7.2‐12)
ELEVATION OF DECORATIVE WALL FROM GROUND
= 17 m
‐ by using Table 7.2‐2 ; Exposure C, Case 1&2, @ H = 18 m
Determine value of Kz
The value of Kz from table @ 18 m ht. is equal to 1.13
Kz = 1.13 ‐ Table 7.2‐2 ; Exposure C, Case 1&2, @ H = 18 m
Kzt = 1.0 ‐ Ref. 7.1.1.2 ; item no. 5
Kd = 0.85 ‐ Table 6.4‐1
V = 166 km/hr ‐ Fig. 6.4‐1 ; (RIYADH)
I = 1.15 ‐ Table 6.5‐1 For Category IV
qz = 0.0000473(1.13)(1.0)(0.85)(166)2(1.15)
qz 1.4397 Kn/m2
Determine 'p' :
: p = q(GCp) ‐ qi(Gcpi) (Kn/m2)
G = 0.85 ‐ section 7.2.7
Cp = 0.80 ‐ Figure 7.2‐2 ,
Gcpi = +0.18 ‐ Figure 7.2‐1
Gcpi = ‐0.18 ‐ Figure 7.2‐1
4 of 10
Substitute the given value above
p = 1.4397(0.85)(0.80)‐1.4397(0.18)
= 0.979 ‐ 0.259
0.72 Kn/m2
p = 1.4397(0.85)(0.80)‐1.4397(‐0.18)
= 0.979 + 0.259
1.238 Kn/m2 : Design pressure to govern
Max. Wind pressure to apply into
Decorative Wall on upper height
5 of 10
4.0 BRACKET ANALYSIS
A. DESIGN OF STEEL BRACKET
Support Reaction Maximum (from Staad analysis)
Maximum Shear force ‐ X, Fx = 0.342 kN
Maximum Shear force ‐ Y, Fy = 6.416 kN
Maximum Shear force ‐ Z, Fz = 19.471 kN
FT = [(Fx)²+(Fy)²+(Fz)²]½
FT = [(0.342)²+(6.416)²+(19.471)²]½
FT = 20.504 kN LOAD FACTOR
6 of 10
Maximum Bending moment ‐ Y, My = 0.132 kN
Maximum Bending moment ‐ Z, Mz = 5.101 kN
FT = [(My)²+(Mz)²]½
FT = [(0.132)²+(5.101)²]½
MR = 5.103 kN Resultant Bending Moment
CHECK FOR BRACKET (Angular 25x25x4mm)
Properties of bracket:
Depth of bracket d = 25 mm
Thicknesss of bracket t = 4 mm
length of extended leg Lb = 12.5 mm
Due to Resultant Bending Moment
MR = (MR/8) * Lb
MR = 20504 * 12.5 mm
8
MR = 7972.981 N‐mm
2
Actual Bending Stress fb = 6*MR/d*t = 119.59 Mpa
Allowable stress of steel F by = 148.93 Mpa
*Allowable Stress
Using A36 steel fy = 36 ksi
Fby allowable = 0.60 x fy
= 21.60 ksi
= 148.93 MPa
7 of 10
therefore : Fby > fby OK
Therefore the Steel bracket is structurally adequate for 4mm thick
Bracket angular 2 nos. ‐ L25x25x4mm with 4 bolts each
Angle bracket spaced at 2meter o.c. apart
B. BOLT ON STEEL BRACKET
Maximum Shear force ‐ X, Fx = 0.342 KN
Maximum Shear force ‐ Y, Fy = 6.416 KN
Maximum Shear force ‐ Z, Fz = 19.471 KN
FT = [(Fx)²+(Fy)²+(Fz)²]½
FT = [(0.342)²+(6.416)²+(19.471)²]½
FT = 20.504 Kn LOAD FACTOR
USING 10mm dia. HILTI HSA ‐ BW(M10x50mm lg) EXP. ANCHOR BOLT
TENSILE / BOLT = 17.90 kN (4 bolt /bracket 4 * 17.9 = 71.6 kN)
SHEAR / BOLT = 18.90 kN (4 bolt /bracket 4 * 18.9 = 75.6 kN)
Therefore use ( Ø10mm x 50 ) HSA ‐BW HILTI anchor bolts or approved equal
8 of 10
c. WELDED CONNECTION
MINIMUM SIZE OF FILLET WELD as per SBC 306
Material Thickness of Thicker Minimum Size of Fillet
Part Joined (mm) Weld (mm)
To 6 inclusive 3
Over 6 to 13 5
Over 13 to 19 6
Over 19 8
For steel with 4 mm thk. Welded
t = 4.0 mm min. weld size 3mm
CHECK ON WELD BETWEEN THE PLATE
Let Length of weld on every joint L = 200 mm
*Direct Shear Stress fv1 = F
L
= 20.504
200
fv1 = 102.52 N/mm
*Actual Stress due to bending Moment fv2 = M
M = N.mm Sw
Maximum My ‐ Y, My = 0.132 kNm
Maximum Mz ‐ Z, Mz = 5.101 kNm
MT = [(My)²+(Mz)²]½
MT = [(0.132)²+(5.101)²]½
MT = 5.103 kNm Bending Moment
Sw = L2
M = 5102707.6 N.mm 3
2
= 13333.33 mm
fv2 = 5102707.6
13333.33
= 382.70 N/mm
2 2
*Actual Design Stress for Weld Fv = √(fv1 + fv2 )
2 2
= √(102.52 + 382.7 )
Fv = 396.197 N/mm
9 of 10
(Using E60xx Electrode, Fu = 60ksi) Fu = 413.7 Mpa
Fwweld = 0.707 x Tweld x 0.3 x Fu
396.197 = 87.75 x Tweld
Tweld = 396.197
87.75
Tweld = 4.515 mm
Therefore use min. size of fillet weld = 5.0mm
10 of 10
Analysis for Big decorative screen
wall Staad Pro software
1 of 2
Job No Sheet No Rev
2
Part
Software licensed to
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By Date07-Dec-20 Chd
X = -0.618 kN
Y = 4.572 kN
Z = 12.558 kN
MX = FREE X = 0.342 kN
MY = FREE Y = 6.416 kN
MZ = FREE Z = 19.471 kN
MX = FREE
MY = FREE
MZ = FREE
X = -0.513 kN
Y = 6.136 kN
Z = 14.066 kN X = 0.527 kN
MX = FREE Y = 5.891 kN
MY = FREE Z = 8.438 kN
MZ = FREE MX = FREE
MY = FREE
MZ = FREE
X = 0.329 kN
Y Y = 4.376 kN
X
Z
Z = 2.659 kN
MX = FREE
MY = FREE
MZ = FREE
Max. Reaction
Print Time/Date: 10/12/2020 22:10 STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33 Print Run 2 of 5
Job No Sheet No Rev
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By Date07-Dec-20 Chd
Y
X
Z Load 10
Whole Structure
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3D Rendered View
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By Date07-Dec-20 Chd
19.600m
13.338m
Y
Z X Load 10
2.620m 3.340m 2.970m 2.905m 2.970m 2.460m 2.335m
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Job Information
Engineer Checked Approved
Name:
Date: 07-Dec-20
Primary 1 DL
Primary 2 LL
Primary 3 WL
Combination 4 Generated AISC PUBLIC 1
Combination 5 Generated AISC PUBLIC 2
Combination 6 Generated AISC PUBLIC 3
Combination 7 Generated AISC PUBLIC 4
Combination 8 Generated AISC PUBLIC 5
Combination 9 Generated AISC PUBLIC 6
Combination 10 Generated AISC PUBLIC 7
Section Properties
Prop Section Area Iyy Izz J Material
(cm2) (cm4) (cm4) (cm4)
1 HSST7X5X0.375 48.903 1.22E+3 2.06E+3 2.46E+3 STEEL
2 TUB50X100 11.360 47.366 144.126 109.865 ALUMINUM
Plate Thickness
Prop Node A Node B Node C Node D Material
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
3 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200 GLASS
Print Time/Date: 08/12/2020 21:55 STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33 Print Run 1 of 4
Job No Sheet No Rev
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Supports
Node X Y Z rX rY rZ
(kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN-m/deg) (kN-m/deg) (kN-m/deg)
1 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
2 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
3 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
4 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
5 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
6 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
7 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
8 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
9 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
10 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
15 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
19 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
24 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
27 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
32 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
36 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
71 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
75 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
80 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
83 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
88 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
92 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
127 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
131 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
136 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
139 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
144 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
148 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
182 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
186 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
190 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
193 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
197 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
201 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
207 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
211 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
215 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
218 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
222 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
226 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
1 DL Dead
2 LL Live
3 WL Wind
Print Time/Date: 08/12/2020 21:55 STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33 Print Run 2 of 4
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Reaction Summary
Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment
Node L/C FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
Max FX 1 5:Generated AI 0.701 3.150 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Min FX 9 5:Generated AI -0.944 3.406 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max FY 80 5:Generated AI -0.499 8.511 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Min FY 1 3:WL 0.000 0.000 0.456 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max FZ 182 8:Generated AI 0.342 6.416 19.471 0.000 0.000 0.000
Min FZ 1 1:DL 0.370 1.841 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max MX 1 1:DL 0.370 1.841 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Min MX 1 1:DL 0.370 1.841 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max MY 1 1:DL 0.370 1.841 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Min MY 1 1:DL 0.370 1.841 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max MZ 1 1:DL 0.370 1.841 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Min MZ 1 1:DL 0.370 1.841 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Print Time/Date: 08/12/2020 21:55 STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33 Print Run 4 of 4
Tuesday, December 08, 2020, 09:54 PM
****************************************************
* *
* STAAD.Pro V8i SELECTseries6 *
* Version 20.07.11.33 *
* Proprietary Program of *
* Bentley Systems, Inc. *
* Date= DEC 8, 2020 *
* Time= 21:52:21 *
* *
* USER ID: *
****************************************************
1. STAAD SPACE
INPUT FILE: I:\z.16 Afatech\big-decor wall\Big-wall.STD
2. START JOB INFORMATION
3. ENGINEER DATE 07-DEC-20
4. END JOB INFORMATION
5. INPUT WIDTH 79
6. UNIT METER KN
7. JOINT COORDINATES
8. 1 0 0 0; 2 19.6 0 0; 3 0 3.15801 0; 4 19.6 3.15801 0; 5 0 6.65301 0
9. 6 19.6 6.65301 0; 7 0 9.97802 0; 8 19.6 9.97802 0; 9 0 13.338 0
10. 10 19.6 13.338 0; 11 0.470001 0 0; 12 0.770002 0 0; 13 1.62 0 0; 14 2.195 0 0
11. 15 2.62001 0 0; 16 3.44001 0 0; 17 3.88501 0 0; 18 4.64501 0 0; 19 5.96001 0 0
12. 20 6.26001 0 0; 21 7.11001 0 0; 22 7.68502 0 0; 23 8.11002 0 0; 24 8.93002 0 0
13. 25 9.38002 0 0; 26 10.135 0 0; 27 11.835 0 0; 28 12.135 0 0; 29 12.985 0 0
14. 30 13.565 0 0; 31 13.99 0 0; 32 14.805 0 0; 33 15.25 0 0; 34 16 0 0
15. 35 16.44 0 0; 36 17.265 0 0; 37 17.71 0 0; 38 18.47 0 0; 39 1.09 3.15801 0
16. 40 1.39 3.15801 0; 41 2.24 3.15801 0; 42 2.82001 3.15801 0
17. 43 3.24501 3.15801 0; 44 4.06001 3.15801 0; 45 4.50501 3.15801 0
18. 46 5.25501 3.15801 0; 47 6.57501 3.15801 0; 48 6.87501 3.15801 0
19. 49 7.72502 3.15801 0; 50 8.30402 3.15801 0; 51 8.72902 3.15801 0
20. 52 9.54902 3.15801 0; 53 9.99402 3.15801 0; 54 10.754 3.15801 0
21. 55 12.454 3.15801 0; 56 12.754 3.15801 0; 57 13.604 3.15801 0
22. 58 14.184 3.15801 0; 59 14.609 3.15801 0; 60 15.424 3.15801 0
23. 61 15.869 3.15801 0; 62 16.629 3.15801 0; 63 17.069 3.15801 0
24. 64 17.884 3.15801 0; 65 18.329 3.15801 0; 66 19.079 3.15801 0
25. 67 0.47 6.65301 0; 68 0.77 6.65301 0; 69 1.62 6.65301 0; 70 2.2 6.65301 0
26. 71 2.625 6.65301 0; 72 3.44 6.65301 0; 73 3.885 6.65301 0; 74 4.645 6.65301 0
27. 75 5.955 6.65301 0; 76 6.255 6.65301 0; 77 7.115 6.65301 0; 78 7.69 6.65301 0
28. 79 8.115 6.65301 0; 80 8.93 6.65301 0; 81 9.38 6.65301 0; 82 10.14 6.65301 0
29. 83 11.84 6.65301 0; 84 12.14 6.65301 0; 85 12.985 6.65301 0
30. 86 13.56 6.65301 0; 87 13.985 6.65301 0; 88 14.8 6.65301 0; 89 15.25 6.65301 0
31. 90 16.01 6.65301 0; 91 16.45 6.65301 0; 92 17.265 6.65301 0
32. 93 17.71 6.65301 0; 94 18.47 6.65301 0; 95 0.77 9.97802 0; 96 1.07 9.97802 0
33. 97 1.92 9.97802 0; 98 2.49 9.97802 0; 99 2.915 9.97802 0; 100 3.74 9.97802 0
34. 101 4.185 9.97802 0; 102 4.935 9.97802 0; 103 6.255 9.97802 0
35. 104 6.555 9.97802 0; 105 7.405 9.97802 0; 106 7.985 9.97802 0
36. 107 8.41 9.97802 0; 108 9.225 9.97802 0; 109 9.675 9.97802 0
37. 110 10.425 9.97802 0; 111 12.135 9.97802 0; 112 12.435 9.97802 0
38. 113 13.285 9.97802 0; 114 13.86 9.97802 0; 115 14.285 9.97802 0
39. 116 15.105 9.97802 0; 117 15.55 9.97802 0; 118 16.31 9.97802 0
40. 119 16.75 9.97802 0; 120 17.565 9.97802 0; 121 18.01 9.97802 0
41. 122 18.76 9.97802 0; 123 0.470001 3.15801 0; 124 0.770002 3.15801 0
42. 125 1.62 3.15801 0; 126 2.195 3.15801 0; 127 2.62001 3.15801 0
43. 128 3.44001 3.15801 0; 129 3.88501 3.15801 0; 130 4.64501 3.15801 0
44. 131 5.96001 3.15801 0; 132 6.26001 3.15801 0; 133 7.11001 3.15801 0
45. 134 7.68501 3.15801 0; 135 8.11002 3.15801 0; 136 8.93002 3.15801 0
46. 137 9.38002 3.15801 0; 138 10.135 3.15801 0; 139 11.835 3.15801 0
47. 140 12.135 3.15801 0; 141 12.985 3.15801 0; 142 13.565 3.15801 0
48. 143 13.99 3.15801 0; 144 14.805 3.15801 0; 145 15.25 3.15801 0
49. 146 16 3.15801 0; 147 16.44 3.15801 0; 148 17.265 3.15801 0
50. 149 17.71 3.15801 0; 150 18.47 3.15801 0; 151 1.09 6.65301 0
51. 152 1.39 6.65301 0; 153 2.24 6.65301 0; 154 2.82001 6.65301 0
Tuesday, December 08, 2020, 09:54 PM
52. 155 3.24501 6.65301 0; 156 4.06001 6.65301 0; 157 4.50501 6.65301 0
53. 158 5.25501 6.65301 0; 159 6.57501 6.65301 0; 160 6.87501 6.65301 0
54. 161 7.72502 6.65301 0; 162 8.30402 6.65301 0; 163 8.72902 6.65301 0
55. 164 9.54902 6.65301 0; 165 9.99402 6.65301 0; 166 10.754 6.65301 0
56. 167 12.454 6.65301 0; 168 12.754 6.65301 0; 169 13.604 6.65301 0
57. 170 14.184 6.65301 0; 171 14.609 6.65301 0; 172 15.424 6.65301 0
58. 173 15.869 6.65301 0; 174 16.629 6.65301 0; 175 17.069 6.65301 0
59. 176 17.884 6.65301 0; 177 18.329 6.65301 0; 178 19.079 6.65301 0
60. 179 0.47 9.97802 0; 180 1.62 9.97802 0; 181 2.2 9.97802 0; 182 2.625 9.97802 0
61. 183 3.44 9.97802 0; 184 3.885 9.97802 0; 185 4.645 9.97802 0
62. 186 5.955 9.97802 0; 187 7.115 9.97802 0; 188 7.69 9.97802 0
63. 189 8.115 9.97802 0; 190 8.93 9.97802 0; 191 9.38 9.97802 0
64. 192 10.14 9.97802 0; 193 11.84 9.97802 0; 194 12.985 9.97802 0
65. 195 13.56 9.97802 0; 196 13.985 9.97802 0; 197 14.8 9.97802 0
66. 198 15.25 9.97802 0; 199 16.01 9.97802 0; 200 16.45 9.97802 0
67. 201 17.265 9.97802 0; 202 17.71 9.97802 0; 203 18.47 9.97802 0
68. 204 1.07 13.338 0; 205 1.92 13.338 0; 206 2.49 13.338 0; 207 2.915 13.338 0
69. 208 3.74 13.338 0; 209 4.185 13.338 0; 210 4.935 13.338 0; 211 6.555 13.338 0
70. 212 7.405 13.338 0; 213 7.985 13.338 0; 214 8.41 13.338 0; 215 9.225 13.338 0
71. 216 9.675 13.338 0; 217 10.425 13.338 0; 218 12.435 13.338 0
72. 219 13.285 13.338 0; 220 13.86 13.338 0; 221 14.285 13.338 0
73. 222 15.105 13.338 0; 223 15.55 13.338 0; 224 16.31 13.338 0
74. 225 16.75 13.338 0; 226 17.565 13.338 0; 227 18.01 13.338 0
75. 228 18.76 13.338 0
76. MEMBER INCIDENCES
77. 1 1 3; 2 2 4; 3 3 5; 4 4 6; 5 5 7; 6 6 8; 7 7 9; 8 8 10; 9 1 11; 10 3 123
78. 11 5 67; 12 7 179; 13 9 204; 14 11 12; 15 12 13; 16 13 14; 17 14 15; 18 15 16
79. 19 16 17; 20 17 18; 21 18 19; 22 19 20; 23 20 21; 24 21 22; 25 22 23; 26 23 24
80. 27 24 25; 28 25 26; 29 26 27; 30 27 28; 31 28 29; 32 29 30; 33 30 31; 34 31 32
81. 35 32 33; 36 33 34; 37 34 35; 38 35 36; 39 36 37; 40 37 38; 41 38 2; 42 39 40
82. 43 40 125; 44 41 127; 45 42 43; 46 43 128; 47 44 45; 48 45 130; 49 46 131
83. 50 47 48; 51 48 133; 52 49 135; 53 50 51; 54 51 136; 55 52 53; 56 53 138
84. 57 54 139; 58 55 56; 59 56 141; 60 57 143; 61 58 59; 62 59 144; 63 60 61
85. 64 61 146; 65 62 63; 66 63 148; 67 64 65; 68 65 150; 69 66 4; 70 67 68
86. 71 68 151; 72 69 70; 73 70 153; 74 71 154; 75 72 73; 76 73 156; 77 74 158
87. 78 75 76; 79 76 159; 80 77 78; 81 78 161; 82 79 162; 83 80 81; 84 81 164
88. 85 82 166; 86 83 84; 87 84 167; 88 85 86; 89 86 169; 90 87 170; 91 88 89
89. 92 89 172; 93 90 91; 94 91 174; 95 92 93; 96 93 176; 97 94 178; 98 95 96
90. 99 96 180; 100 97 181; 101 98 182; 102 99 183; 103 100 184; 104 101 185
91. 105 102 186; 106 103 104; 107 104 187; 108 105 188; 109 106 189; 110 107 190
92. 111 108 191; 112 109 192; 113 110 193; 114 111 112; 115 112 194; 116 113 195
93. 117 114 196; 118 115 197; 119 116 198; 120 117 199; 121 118 200; 122 119 201
94. 123 120 202; 124 121 203; 125 122 8; 126 123 124; 127 11 123; 128 124 39
95. 129 12 124; 130 125 126; 131 13 125; 132 126 41; 133 14 126; 134 127 42
96. 135 15 127; 136 128 129; 137 16 128; 138 129 44; 139 17 129; 140 130 46
97. 141 18 130; 142 131 132; 143 19 131; 144 132 47; 145 20 132; 146 133 134
98. 147 21 133; 148 134 49; 149 22 134; 150 135 50; 151 23 135; 152 136 137
99. 153 24 136; 154 137 52; 155 25 137; 156 138 54; 157 26 138; 158 139 140
100. 159 27 139; 160 140 55; 161 28 140; 162 141 142; 163 29 141; 164 142 57
101. 165 30 142; 166 143 58; 167 31 143; 168 144 145; 169 32 144; 170 145 60
102. 171 33 145; 172 146 147; 173 34 146; 174 147 62; 175 35 147; 176 148 149
103. 177 36 148; 178 149 64; 179 37 149; 180 150 66; 181 38 150; 182 151 152
104. 183 39 151; 184 152 69; 185 40 152; 186 153 71; 187 41 153; 188 154 155
105. 189 42 154; 190 155 72; 191 43 155; 192 156 157; 193 44 156; 194 157 74
106. 195 45 157; 196 158 75; 197 46 158; 198 159 160; 199 47 159; 200 160 77
107. 201 48 160; 202 161 79; 203 49 161; 204 162 163; 205 50 162; 206 163 80
108. 207 51 163; 208 164 165; 209 52 164; 210 165 82; 211 53 165; 212 166 83
109. 213 54 166; 214 167 168; 215 55 167; 216 168 85; 217 56 168; 218 169 87
110. 219 57 169; 220 170 171; 221 58 170; 222 171 88; 223 59 171; 224 172 173
111. 225 60 172; 226 173 90; 227 61 173; 228 174 175; 229 62 174; 230 175 92
112. 231 63 175; 232 176 177; 233 64 176; 234 177 94; 235 65 177; 236 178 6
113. 237 66 178; 238 179 95; 239 67 179; 240 68 95; 241 180 97; 242 69 180
114. 243 181 98; 244 70 181; 245 182 99; 246 71 182; 247 183 100; 248 72 183
115. 249 184 101; 250 73 184; 251 185 102; 252 74 185; 253 186 103; 254 75 186
116. 255 76 103; 256 187 105; 257 77 187; 258 188 106; 259 78 188; 260 189 107
117. 261 79 189; 262 190 108; 263 80 190; 264 191 109; 265 81 191; 266 192 110
118. 267 82 192; 268 193 111; 269 83 193; 270 84 111; 271 194 113; 272 85 194
119. 273 195 114; 274 86 195; 275 196 115; 276 87 196; 277 197 116; 278 88 197
Tuesday, December 08, 2020, 09:54 PM
120. 279 198 117; 280 89 198; 281 199 118; 282 90 199; 283 200 119; 284 91 200
121. 285 201 120; 286 92 201; 287 202 121; 288 93 202; 289 203 122; 290 94 203
122. 291 204 205; 292 96 204; 293 205 206; 294 97 205; 295 206 207; 296 98 206
123. 297 207 208; 298 99 207; 299 208 209; 300 100 208; 301 209 210; 302 101 209
124. 303 210 211; 304 102 210; 305 211 212; 306 104 211; 307 212 213; 308 105 212
125. 309 213 214; 310 106 213; 311 214 215; 312 107 214; 313 215 216; 314 108 215
126. 315 216 217; 316 109 216; 317 217 218; 318 110 217; 319 218 219; 320 112 218
127. 321 219 220; 322 113 219; 323 220 221; 324 114 220; 325 221 222; 326 115 221
128. 327 222 223; 328 116 222; 329 223 224; 330 117 223; 331 224 225; 332 118 224
129. 333 225 226; 334 119 225; 335 226 227; 336 120 226; 337 227 228; 338 121 227
130. 339 228 10; 340 122 228
131. ELEMENT INCIDENCES SHELL
132. 341 1 3 123 11; 342 2 4 150 38; 343 3 5 151 39; 344 4 6 178 66; 345 5 7 179 67
133. 346 6 8 203 94; 347 7 9 204 96; 348 8 10 228 122; 349 11 12 124 123
134. 350 12 13 125 124; 351 13 14 126 125; 352 14 15 127 126; 353 15 16 128 127
135. 354 16 17 129 128; 355 17 18 130 129; 356 18 19 131 130; 357 19 20 132 131
136. 358 20 21 133 132; 359 21 22 134 133; 360 22 23 135 134; 361 23 24 136 135
137. 362 24 25 137 136; 363 25 26 138 137; 364 26 27 139 138; 365 27 28 140 139
138. 366 28 29 141 140; 367 29 30 142 141; 368 30 31 143 142; 369 31 32 144 143
139. 370 32 33 145 144; 371 33 34 146 145; 372 34 35 147 146; 373 35 36 148 147
140. 374 36 37 149 148; 375 37 38 150 149; 376 39 40 152 151; 377 42 43 155 154
141. 378 44 45 157 156; 379 47 48 160 159; 380 50 51 163 162; 381 52 53 165 164
142. 382 55 56 168 167; 383 58 59 171 170; 384 60 61 173 172; 385 62 63 175 174
143. 386 64 65 177 176; 387 67 68 95 179; 388 69 70 181 180; 389 153 41 40 152
144. 390 154 42 41 153; 391 72 73 184 183; 392 156 44 43 155; 393 158 46 45 157
145. 394 75 76 103 186; 395 159 47 46 158; 396 77 78 188 187; 397 161 49 48 160
146. 398 162 50 49 161; 399 80 81 191 190; 400 164 52 51 163; 401 166 54 53 165
147. 402 83 84 111 193; 403 167 55 54 166; 404 85 86 195 194; 405 169 57 56 168
148. 406 170 58 57 169; 407 88 89 198 197; 408 172 60 59 171; 409 90 91 200 199
149. 410 174 62 61 173; 411 92 93 202 201; 412 176 64 63 175; 413 178 66 65 177
150. 414 180 69 68 95; 415 182 71 70 181; 416 183 72 71 182; 417 185 74 73 184
151. 418 186 75 74 185; 419 104 211 210 102; 420 187 77 76 103; 421 189 79 78 188
152. 422 190 80 79 189; 423 192 82 81 191; 424 193 83 82 192; 425 112 218 217 110
153. 426 194 85 84 111; 427 196 87 86 195; 428 197 88 87 196; 429 199 90 89 198
154. 430 201 92 91 200; 431 203 94 93 202; 432 97 205 204 96; 433 98 206 205 97
155. 434 99 207 206 98; 435 100 208 207 99; 436 101 209 208 100
156. 437 102 210 209 101; 438 105 212 211 104; 439 106 213 212 105
157. 440 107 214 213 106; 441 108 215 214 107; 442 109 216 215 108
158. 443 110 217 216 109; 444 113 219 218 112; 445 114 220 219 113
159. 446 115 221 220 114; 447 116 222 221 115; 448 117 223 222 116
160. 449 118 224 223 117; 450 119 225 224 118; 451 120 226 225 119
161. 452 121 227 226 120; 453 122 228 227 121
162. START USER TABLE
P R O B L E M S T A T I S T I C S
-----------------------------------
258. PARAMETER 1
259. CODE AISC UNIFIED 2010
260. CHECK CODE MEMB 1 TO 126 128 130 132 134 136 138 140 142 144 146 148 150 152 -
261. 154 156 158 160 162 164 166 168 170 172 174 176 178 180 182 184 186 188 190 -
262. 192 194 196 198 200 202 204 206 208 210 212 214 216 218 220 222 224 226 228 -
263. 230 232 234 236 238 241 243 245 247 249 251 253 256 258 260 262 264 266 268 -
264. 271 273 275 277 279 281 283 285 287 289 291 293 295 297 299 301 303 305 307 -
265. 309 311 313 315 317 319 321 323 325 327 329 331 333 335 337 339
268. FINISH
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DESIGN TECHNICAL REFERENCES
2 of 2
GENERAL
TABLE 1.6-1:
CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES FOR
FLOOD, WIND AND EARTHQUAKE LOADS
1) Buildings and other structures that represent a substantial hazard to human life in the event of III
failure including, but not limited to:
a) Buildings and other structures where more than 300 people congregate in one area
b) Buildings and other structures with day care facilities with capacity greater than 150
c) Buildings and other structures with elementary school or secondary school facilities with
capacity greater than 250
d) Buildings and other structures with a capacity greater than 500 for colleges or adult education
facilities
e) Health care facilities with a capacity of 50 or more resident patients but not having surgery or
emergency treatment facilities
f) Jails and detention facilities
g) Power generating stations and other public utility facilities not included in Category IV
2) Buildings and other structures not included in Category IV (including, but not limited to, facilities
that manufacture, process, handle, store, use, or dispose of such substances as hazardous fuels,
hazardous chemicals, hazardous waste, or explosives) containing sufficient quantities of hazardous
materials to be dangerous to the public if released.
3) Buildings and other structures containing hazardous materials shall be eligible for classification as
Category II structures if it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the authority having
jurisdiction by a hazard assessment as described in Section 1.6.2 that a release of the hazardous
material does not pose a threat to the public.
1) Buildings and other structures designated as essential facilities including, but not limited to: IV
a) Hospitals and other health care facilities having surgery or emergency treatment facilities
b) Fire, rescue, ambulance, and police stations and emergency vehicle garages
c) Designated earthquake, hurricane, or other emergency shelters
d) Designated emergency preparedness, communication, and operation centers and other facilities
required for emergency response
e) Power generating stations and other public utility facilities required in an emergency
f) Ancillary structures (including, but not limited to, communication towers, fuel storage tanks,
cooling towers, electrical substation structures, fire water storage tanks or other structures
housing or supporting water, or other fire-suppression material or equipment) required for
operation of Category IV structures during an emergency
g) Aviation control towers, air traffic control centers, and emergency aircraft hangars
h) Water storage facilities and pump structures required to maintain water pressure for fire
suppression
i) Buildings and other structures having critical national defense functions
2) Buildings and other structures (including, but not limited to, facilities that manufacture, process,
handle, store, use, or dispose of such substances as hazardous fuels, hazardous chemicals, hazardous
waste, or explosives) containing extremely hazardous materials where the quantity of the material
exceeds a threshold quantity established by the authority having jurisdiction.
3) Buildings and other structures containing extremely hazardous materials shall be eligible for
classification as Category II structures if it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the authority
having jurisdiction by a hazard assessment as described in Section 1.6.2 that a release of the
extremely hazardous material does not pose a threat to the public. This reduced classification shall
not be permitted if the buildings or other structures also function as essential facilities.
Construction L We D+Lf
Roof membersd
Supporting plaster ceiling l/360 l/360 l/240
Supporting nonplaster ceiling l/240 l/240 l/180
Not supporting ceiling l/180 l/180 l/120
Floor members l/360 l/240
Exterior walls and interior
partitions:
With brittle finishes l/240
With flexible finishes l/120
Farm buildings l/180
Greenhouses l/120
a. For structural roofing and siding made of formed metal sheets, the total load deflection shall not exceed
l/60. For secondary roof structural members supporting formed metal roofing, the live load deflection
shall not exceed l/150. For secondary wall members supporting formed metal siding, the design wind
load deflection shall not exceed l/90. For roofs, this exception only applies when the metal sheets have
no roof covering.
b. Interior partitions not exceeding 1.8 m in height and flexible, folding and portable partitions are not
governed by the provisions of this section. The deflection criterion for interior partitions is based on the
horizontal load defined in Section 4.11.
c. See SBC 201 for glass supports.
d. The above deflections do not ensure against ponding. Roofs that do not have sufficient slope or camber
to assure adequate drainage shall be investigated for ponding. See Chapter 8 for rain and ponding
requirements and SBC 201 for roof drainage requirements.
e. The wind load is permitted to be taken as 0.7 times the “component and cladding” loads for the purpose
of determining deflection limits herein.
f. For steel structural members, the dead load shall be taken as zero.
g. For cantilever members, l shall be taken as twice the length of the cantilever.
The total lateral force shall be distributed to the various vertical elements of the
lateral-force-resisting system in proportion to their rigidities considering the
rigidity of the horizontal bracing system or diaphragm. Rigid elements that are
assumed not to be a part of the lateral-force-resisting system shall be permitted to
be incorporated into buildings provided that their effect on the action of the system
is considered and provided for in design. Provisions shall be made for the
increased forces induced on resisting elements of the structural system resulting
SBC 301 2007 1/5
WIND LOADS
TABLE 6.4-1:
WIND DIRECTIONALITY FACTOR, Kd
Directionality
Structure Type
Factor Kd*
Buildings
Main Wind Force Resisting System 0.85
Components and Cladding 0.85
Arched Roofs
0.85
Trussed Towers
Triangular, square, rectangular 0.85
All other cross sections 0.95
* Directionality Factor Kd has been calibrated with combinations of loads specified
in Chapter 2. This factor shall only be applied when used in conjunction with load
combinations specified in Sections 2.3 and 2.4.
6.4.2.2 Surface Roughness Categories. A ground surface roughness within each 45-
degree sector shall be determined for a distance upwind of the site as defined in
Section 6.4.2.3 from the categories defined below, for the purpose of assigning an
exposure category as defined in Section 6.4.2.3.
Surface Roughness B: Urban and suburban areas, wooded areas or other terrain
with numerous closely spaced obstructions having the
size of single-family dwellings or larger.
Surface Roughness C: Open terrain with scattered obstructions having heights
generally less than 10 m.
Surface Roughness D: Flat, unobstructed areas and water surfaces.
6.4.2.3 Exposure Categories. Exposure B: Exposure B shall apply where the ground
surface roughness condition, as defined by Surface Roughness B, prevails in the
upwind direction for a distance of at least 800 m or 10 times the height of the
building, whichever is greater.
Exception: For buildings whose mean roof height is less than or equal to 10 m, the
upwind distance may be reduced to 450 m.
Exposure C: Exposure C shall apply for all cases where exposures B or D do not
apply.
6.6.2 Openings.
A determination shall be made of the amount of openings in the building envelope
in order to determine the enclosure classification as defined in Section 6.6.1.
Regions Regions
Category1 with V = 136-160 with V > 160
km/h km/h
I 0.87 0.77
II 1.00 1.00
IV 1.15 1.15
Iraq
166
Turaif
Jordan 180
165 Ar'ar
Al Jouf
170
184
155 Tabouk
Qaisumah
Duba
190
152
Qaseem
Dhahran
Re
d 152
152
Jeddah
Taif 170
175 Sulayyll
Sea
Bisha
Khamis
Mushayt 152 152
155 Najran
Jizan
Yemen
FIGURE 6.4-1
BASIC 3-SECOND GUST WIND SPEED IN km/h FOR SELECTED CITIES OF SAUDI ARABIA.
ADOPTED FROM SAUDI ARAMCO DATA SAES A-112.
CHAPTER 7
DESIGN WIND LOAD PROCEDURES
SECTION 7.1
METHOD 1 - SIMPLIFIED PROCEDURE
7.1.1 Scope. A building whose design wind loads are determined in accordance with
this Section shall meet all the conditions of Section 7.1.1.1 or 7.1.1.2. If a building
qualifies only under Section 7.1.1.2 for design of its components and cladding,
then its main wind force-resisting system shall be designed by Method 2.
D
§ z · 1
Vz b ¨ ¸ V( ) (Eq. 7.2-11)
10
© ¹ 3.6
where b and D are constants listed in Table 7.2-1 and V is the basic wind speed in
km/h.
7.2.7.3 Limitations Where combined gust effect factors and pressure coefficients (GCp,
GCpi, GCpf) are given in figures and tables, the gust effect factor shall not be
determined separately.
7.2.10.2.3 Flexible Buildings. Design wind pressures for the main wind force-resisting
system of flexible buildings shall be determined from the following equation:
p = qGf Cp – qi (GCpi) (kN/m2) (Eq. 7.2-16)
where q, qi, Cp and (GCpi) are as defined in Section 7.2.10.2.1 and, Gf = gust effect
factor defined in Section 7.2.7.2
7.2.10.2.4 Parapets. The design wind pressure for the effect of parapets on main wind force-
resisting systems of rigid, low-rise or flexible buildings with flat, gable, or hip
roofs shall be determined by the following equation:
pp = qpGCpn (kN/m2) (Eq. 7.2-17)
where
pp = combined net pressure on the parapet due to the combination of the
net pressures from the front and back parapet surfaces. Plus (and
SBC 301 2007 7/8
DESIGN WIND LOAD PROCEDURE
Main Wind Force Resisting System / Components and Cladding - Method 2 All Heights
Figure 7.2-1 Internal Pressure Coefficient, GCpi Walls & Roofs
Enclosed, Partially Enclosed, and Open Buildings
Notes:
Plus and minus signs signify pressures acting toward and away
from the internal surfaces, respectively.
Values of GCpi shall be used with qZ or qh, as specified in 7.2.10.
Two cases shall be considered to determine the critical load
requirements for the appropriate condition:
Notes:
1. Case 1: a. All components and cladding.
b. Main wind force resisting system in low-rise buildings designed using Figure 7.2-6.
Case 2: a. All main wind force resisting systems in buildings except those in low-rise buildings
designed using Figure 7.2-6.
b. All main wind force resisting systems in other structures.
2. The velocity pressure exposure coefficient Kz may be determined from the following formula:
TABLE 10.2-3
Minimum Effective Throat Thickness of
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Material Thickness of Thicker Part Minimum Effective Throat
Joined (mm) Thickness[a], (mm)
To 6 inclusive 3
Over 6 to 13 5
Over 13 to 19 6
Over 19 to 38 8
Over 38 to 57 10
Over 57 to 150 13
Over 150 16
[a] See Table 10.2-1
TABLE 10.2-4
Minimum Size of Fillet Welds
Material Thickness of Minimum Size of
Thicker Part Joined, mm Fillet Weld[a] mm
To 6 inclusive 3
Over 6 to 13 5
Over 13 to 19 6
Over 19 8
[a] Leg dimension of fillet welds. Single pass welds must be used.
[b] See Section 10.2.2b for maximum size of fillet welds.
10.2.2.2 Limitations
The minimum size of fillet welds shall be not less than the size required to
transmit calculated forces nor the size as shown in Table 10.2-4, which is based
upon experiences and provides some margin for uncalculated stress encountered
during fabrication, handling, transportation, and erection. These provisions do not
apply to fillet weld reinforcements of partial- or complete-joint-penetration welds.
The maximum size of fillet welds of connected parts shall be:
(a) Along edges of material less than 6 mm thick, not greater than the thickness
of the material.
(b) Along edges of material 6 mm or more in thickness, not greater than the
thickness of the material minus 2 mm, unless the weld is especially
designated on the drawings to be built out to obtain full-throat thickness. In
the as-welded condition, the distance between the edge of the base metal and
the toe of the weld is permitted to be less than 2 mm provided the weld size is
clearly verifiable.
For flange-web welds and similar connections, the actual weld size need not be
larger than that required to develop the web capacity, and the requirements of Table
SBC 306 2007 10/5
HSA Stud anchor
Approvals / certificates
Description Authority / Laboratory No. / date of issue
European technical approval a) DIBt, Berlin ETA-11/0374 / 2016-08-08
a) All data given in this section according ETA-11/0374, issue 2016-08-08.
Data for HSA-F M20 according to Hilti Technical Data assessment.
11 / 2016 1
HSA Stud anchor
Characteristic resistance
Anchor size M6 M8 M10
Effective anchorage
hef [mm] 30 40 60 30 40 70 40 50 80
depth
HSA, HSA-BW 6,0 7,5 9,0 8,3 12,8 16,0 12,8 17,9 25,0
Tensile
HSA-R2, HSA-R [kN] 6,0 7,5 9,0 8,3 12,8 16,0 12,8 17,9 25,0
NRk
HSA-F 6,0 7,5 9,0 8,3 12,8 15,9 12,8 17,9 25,0
HSA, HSA-BW 6,5 6,5 6,5 8,3 10,6 10,6 18,9 18,9 18,9
Shear
HSA-R2, HSA-R [kN] 7,2 7,2 7,2 8,3 12,3 12,3 22,6 22,6 22,6
VRk
HSA-F 6,5 6,5 6,5 8,3 10,6 10,6 18,9 18,9 18,9
11 / 2016 3
HSA Stud anchor
Geometry washer
Anchor Size M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20
Inner diameter d1
HSA, HSA-R2/ R, HSA-F d1 [mm] 6,4 8,4 10,5 13,0 17,0 21
HSA-BW d1 [mm] 6,4 8,4 10,5 13,0 17,0 22
Outer diameter d2
HSA, HSA-R2/ R, HSA-F d2 [mm] 12,0 16,0 20,0 24,0 30,0 37,0
HSA-BW d2 [mm] 18,0 24,0 30,0 37,0 50,0 60,0
Thickness h
HSA, HSA-R2/ R, HSA-F h [mm] 1,6 1,6 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,0
HSA-BW h [mm] 1,8 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,0 4,0
Beginning of thread: setting depth indicator for hnom,1 Blue ring: setting depth indicator for hnom,2
hnom,1 is reached when non-threaded hnom,2 is reached when the blue
part of the bolt is completely below the ring is completely below the
concrete surface concrete surface
e.g.
Hilti HSA … Brand and Anchor type
M12 65/50/15 … Anchor Size and the max. tfix,1/ tfix,2/ tfix,3 for the corresponding hnom,1/ hnom,2/ hnom,3
6 11 / 2016