Improving Water and Sanitation through Provision of

Boreholes and Sanitary Facilities

World Vision –Namachete ADP, Malawi

Final Report
March 2012 – March 2013
1. Project summary
Water and sanitation has been a challenge in Malawi and Zomba district in particular where
potable water coverage is at 77% and sanitation is at 46%. World Vision through the support
of the Guernsey Overseas Aid Commission, has implemented a one year project with
remarkable achievements. As a result of this project, 100% early learners in 5 community
based childcare centres have potable water, and proper sanitation. Additionally water point
functionality has improved where 86% of the broken boreholes have been repaired. The
project has assisted World Vision in meeting its child wellbeing outcomesi . It has also
contributed to attainment of Millennium Development Goal # 7, of halving, by 2015, the
proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation

Important to mention is that since the last reporting period in August, the project area was
affected by flash flooding in February 2013. A total of 34,000 people in 8000 affected
household were rendered homeless. In general a total of 567,000 hectares of crop field
was eroded. This comprised 220,000 hectares of maize, 244 000 hectares of rice, 103 000
hectares of beans. A total of 850 goats and 3140 chickens were been lost. Initially affected
households were accommodated in temporary shelters where issues of water and sanitation
were quite critical. Savings from GOAC funds were therefore used to provide temporary
sanitation facilities. Now through a World Vision response programme all affected
households have returned to their original villages where they have started rebuilding.

2. Aim:
The aim of the project was to improve the health status of 2800 households in Namachete,
Zomba District, Malawi through increased access and improved use of safe water and
sanitation facilities. The project was aimed at directly benefiting 3900 people (2200 mothers,
1700 children) and indirectly benefiting a further 1500 people.

3. Expected Outcomes:
1. Increase access to safe water by drilling 5 boreholes complete with hand
pumps in 5 early childhood centres through close engagement with local water
management committees both to train and equip 5 pump technicians and to help
communities develop complementary income generating activities to support
ongoing maintenance costs.
2. Promote improved sanitation practice through the construction of 5
demonstration latrines in 5 early childhood centres and hygiene education
promotion of the community.
4. PROGRESS TOWARDS THE AIMS
4.1. Summary of quantitative and qualitative progress/outcomes towards proposed
aims and objectives since project start date
5 boreholes drilled in the 5 early childhood centres and over 1700 children have access
to drinking water
7 non functional boreholes were rehabilitated in the 12 surrounding villages and are now
functional.
25 water pump focal persons were trained in borehole repair and maintenance and are
now repairing broken water points.
5 demonstration latrines constructed in 5 early childhood centres (for purposes of
people learning how to do the low cost latrines). Additionally 244 latrines (after
adoption of the technology) have been constructed in 12 surrounding villages. 12
temporal latrines were also dug in five camps that were housing the people during the
floods.
768 sanitation facilities have been constructed in surrounding schools, as a result of
community adopting low cost methods.
384 community members have been certified as open defecation free, through an
intensive process of selection , monitoring, after Community Led Total Sanitation
community trigger
105 awareness meetings on hygiene benefits, and expected sanitation practices have
been conducted in surrounding schools.
125 awareness meetings done on solid waste management in schools
384 community members have been made aware of hygiene practices, and sanitation
technologies

Total population helped to date

Targeted population (by population , Achieved or impacted population

mothers and children by mothers and children
categories
Interventions h/holds People mothers children Pop (in/direct mother children
Borehole water provision 2800 16800 2200 1700 25200 3300 13113
Model latrines provision 2800 16800 2200 1700 25200 3300 13113
Community based mgt training 2800 16800 2200 1700 36291 7500 13113
CLTS 2800 16800 2200 1700 36291 7500 13113
Village Banks and loans 2800 16800 2200 1700 25200 3300 13113
Operations and maintenance 2800 16800 2200 1700 25200 3300 13113
training

5. Summary of quantitative and qualitative progress/outcomes towards proposed aims

and objectives since project start

5.1. Progress towards aim 1: To increase access to safe water, for the 2,200 children in the
early childhood centres
Safe water provision and related activities accomplished
A summary of activities included community awareness about the project, community local
resource mobilization, election of water committees in CBCCs, geo-physical survey,
mobilizing drilling equipment from WV, accessing hydrological surveys, moving drilling
equipment to site, citing water points, drilling and casing, mounting water pumps, water
drainage system. A total of 5 new and 7 rehabilitated boreholes have been provided and
this represents 260% over and above the proposal target which was 5 boreholes. The
functionality factor of water facilities has increased (76%) since water pump focal persons
have been assisting with repairs and maintenance. These activities have resulted in:
 Reduced cases of diarrhoea and fever among children at the early childhood centres.
Zero reporting on cholera cases among children in the community care centres and
community despite a breakout in the district
Improved water point hygiene and sanitation knowledge among children attending
CBCC.
Reduction in typhoid fever incidence and prevalence in the district. General fever cases
have been linked to other diseases such as malaria and pneumonia and not water borne
diseases.

5.2. Progress towards aim 2: To promote improved sanitation practice through construction of
5 demonstration latrines from local materials in the 5 early childhood centres

Sanitation facilities provision and related activities

Activities conducted under sanitation include community awareness about the project, local
resource mobilization, constructing demonstration latrines, election of sanitation committee,
citing latrines, community based local contractors, digging pits, electing superstructures and
commissioning low costs technology in pit latrines construction.
Water and sanitation community capacity building
Activities conducted include repairs and maintenance capacity building, identification of local
artisans to be trained as hand pump persons, planning of training sessions, mobilization of
local water department trainers, training of local hand pump minders and creation of
linkages of hand pump minders with suppliers of spares.
Financial resource mobilisation training
Activities included formation of village banks, training members of village banks in savings and
training in income generation activities.

These 3 broad activities have resulted in:

Improved access to sanitation among children in the early childhood centres
Increased knowledge among community members on advantages of proper solid
waste management, faecal disposal, hygienic practices, and low cost methods of
latrine construction
384 community members mobilised their areas to be Open Defecation Free.

6. Wider benefits of the project not covered by the original project outline
Since 7 additional boreholes are rehabilitated and are now functional, the proportion of
people accessing safe drinking water has increased than originally planned.
In addition to 5 local pit latrines constructed in the community based child care centres, data
shows that through self mobilising, the community has constructed an additional 244 pit
latrines in the entire villages of the project
During floods which affected the community, 12 temporary toilets were constructed in
camps which helped in waste disposal in the camps.

7. Overal Summary of quantitative and qualitative progress/outcomes

In the 2012 Namachete Programme Evaluation report 89.6% of the respondents indicated
that distance to potable water points had reduced. 83.8% of the households in Namachete
are now accessing potable water against a district average of 56%. No medically confirmed
cholera case was reported in the project area within and after implementation period
despite the fact that there were cholera cases in Zomba due to the flooding. Access to basic
latrines has increased in the project area (84.8 % to 88.6% in the Evaluation Report 2012). A
total of 68% of the households are practicing good hygiene, compared to 56% in the past
(Midterm Evaluation 2012). Children in community managed early childhood centres now
have access to latrines with the communities taking ownership of the facilities. Because of
 the improved access to water and sanitation the Community Based Child Care Centres
witnessed increased enrolment rates, reduced drop outs and reduced absenteeism.

One of the boreholes at the kindergarttens

One of the newly constructed water points

8. CHALLENGES AND LESSONS LEARNT

In the 3rd and 4th quarters the project area faced a serious cholera outbreak, a severe drought
and devastating flooding. The occurrence of these localised emergencies highlighted the
importance of strengthening community based disaster preparedness planning. The ongoing
rehabilitation of the community water points shows that with minimal resources, optimum
water coverage can only be achieved through a joint effort in both drilling of new boreholes and
rehabilitation of existing non functional boreholes.
9. SUSTAINABILITY
The wider programme of which the GOAC WASH project was a part of concludes next year.
As part of the transitioning process infrastructure such as toilets, and boreholes, have been
entrusted to the community leadership through a community based organisation that will
continue to manage and ensure that services are delivered to the community on a sustainable
basis. The GOAC funded infrastructure as been handed over in the same manner.

Future plans beyond the grant period

Through this grant project there are critical lesions that we have learned. Significant among the
lessons is how we can address issues of water and sanitation project sustainability. The village
bank initiative where, community mobilise funds for minor repairs and maintenance will be
scaled up in the future. WV plans to undertake a study on the concept of village banks as they
are instrumental to sustainability of most initiatives

7. Financial report

The proposal was submitted for £39,479. The expenditure totals £35,406. An underspend
of £4,073 has been realised mainly as a result of savings made in borehole drilling as the
GOAC project used WV Malawi equipment. Some of the under spend has been used in
rehabilitation of 7 boreholes thereby increasing provision of boreholes in the project from
the initial planned 5 to 12 increasing our value for money for this project. Savings were also
used in provision of temporary sanitation facilities for households in temporary shelters after
the flooding in February. WV will therefore return the £4, 073 unspent funds to GAOC.
 Budget
Project Activity/Budget Item Expenditure Variance Notes
Cost
Materials/Construction
Support the Ministry of Water Development 528 1,050
to conduct Geological survey
Drill five Afridev pump fitted boreholes 26,406 15,662 Drilling costs were leveraged by
World Vision Malawi equipment
and staff. Funds saved were used
to maintain borehole & construct
toilets during flooding
Provide construction materials to support 5,281 9,602 Overspent because of construction
construction 5 demonstration pit latrines
temporary toilets in camps during
flooding
Training Costs

Conduct 5 Water and sanitation and hygiene 528 395 Underspend because some of
behavior change promotion in five
communities
behavior change training sessions
could not be done due to flooding.
Conduct 5 community sensitization meetings 106 190 Overspend because we did more
on sanitation
sensitization due to Cholera threat
due to flooding.
Conduct 20 community sensitization training 1,181 3,506 Overspend because trainings
on water point user fees and composite
banking, for boreholes management by
which happened during the time of
community the floods had to be done out of
the local community; and hence
project incurred accommodation
costs
Train 4 hand pump focal persons 211 856 Additional technicians were
(community Pump technicians)
trained after the rehabilitation of
boreholes
Monitoring and Evaluation costs
2 planning and review meetings with key 528 479 Under spend because some of the
partners
scheduled meetings with
stakeholders were not conducted
as they were busy with Cholera
response
Ongoing project supervision, data collection 1,043 0 Activity was combined with other
and reports ongoing activities done by WV – so
costs were assimilated into this.
Project support and admin costs 3,667 3,667
Total 39,479 35,406 4,073

1. Name and email address of person(s) to contact for clarifications

Name: Shallin Chikoto Jane Kimotho
Position: Country Programme Manager Grants Compliance Officer
mail: Shallin.Chikoto@worldvision.org.uk Jane.Kimotho@worldvision.org.uk
i
World Vision has four child well being aspirations namely, children are well nourished, children are education for life, children are
protected and participate and children experience the love of God and their neighbour