PED-2

DEVALIYA YOGESH
170150105009

CH-1 Introduction :
Concept of internal & external design pressure, design stress &
design temperature, Different types of equipments, Static & rotary 04 8
equipments, Different types of static equipments, Various
mechanical properties of material, Different methods of fabrication,
Different types of welding joints, Joint efficiency, Radiography.
PED-2
DEVALIYA YOGESH
170150105009
1) List the basic mechanical properties which a material should 04 04
possess and explain any three of them?(WINTER-2019)

2) Explain “Radiography test” for pressure vessel.(WINTER- 04

2016),(SUMMER-2019),(WINTER-2019)

3) Briefly discuss about Fatigue and Creep.(WINTER-2016)

Discuss stress vs strain curve.

4) Define (i) Elasticity (ii) Toughness (iii) Fatigue (iv) Creep (v) Poisson’s
ratio(vi) Moment of inertia (vii) Welding joint efficiency factor.(SUMMER-
2017),(WINTER-2018)

5) Explain in brief about classification on unfired vessel as per IS –

2825.(SUMMER-2017),(WINTER-2019)

6) Discuss about the various types of fabrication technique used 07

for fabrication of pressure vessel.(SUMMER-2017),(WINTER-
2017),(SUMMER-2019),(WINTER-2019)

7) Discuss the classification of equipments, mechanical design point

Also discuss classification of unfired pressure vessels.(WINTER

8) Discuss welding joint efficiency factor. Also discuss Non-

destructive examination and repairs of welded Seams.( SUMMER-2018)

9) Discuss various methods of fabrication and welding 07

of chemical equipments.(SUMMER-2018)
10) List the basic mechanical properties which a material should 04
possess and explain any three of them?(SUMMER-2018)

11) Define the terms: Stress, Strain, Ductility, Rigidity, Elasticity, Creep, Resilience
(SUMMER-2018)

12) What do you mean by weld joint efficiency factor? Discuss in brief.
(SUMMER-2019)

13) Write a short note on corrosion allowance.(SUMMER-2019)

14) Discuss in detail about various types of static and rotary equipments used in
industry.(SUMMER-2019)

15) Discuss the term: Poisson’s Ratio, Modulus of elasticity and Power number.
(SUMMER-2019)

16) Give the full name of ASTM, ASME & HTRI.(SUMMER- 03

2019),(WINTER-2019)

17) Discuss the following: (i) internal design pressure (ii) external design 03
pressure (iii) design temperature(WINTER-2019)
 CH-2 Mechanical design of Pressure vessel:
Introduction of ASME Code sec-VIII, DIV-I & IS-2825,
Classification of pressure vessel as per IS-2825,Mechanical
design of Shell: shell subjected to internal pressure, Graphical
& analytical method for Shell subjected to external pressure,
design of shell for external pressure with & without stiffening
ring, Different types of head, their selection criteria,
Mechanical design of heads: Heads subjected to internal
pressure, Graphical & analytical method for heads subjected to
external pressure, Different types of Nozzles, their selection
criteria, Design of nozzle pipe, Design of reinforcement pad
by area for area method, Different types of flanges,
Different types of standard flanges, their important features &
selection criteria, Different types of flange facings & their
selection criteria, Different types of gaskets, their selection
criteria,Design of ring flange.

1) State and discuss the various types of flanges used in industries.(WINTER- 07

2016),(SUMMER-2017)

2) A Reactor of 800 mm inside diameter is covered with hemispherical head at the06

bottom. Inside working pressure is 75 kgf/cm2 (g) & working temperature is 70 oC.
Reactor is covered with plain jacket such that 75% length of shell & bottom
hemispherical head is covered with jacket. Cooling water is circulated inside the
jacket by pumping with a centrifugal pump having a shut off discharge pressure
7.0 kgf/cm2(g). The hemispherical head is fabricated from SA-516 Grade 70. The
maximum allowable stress at design temperature is 610 kgf/cm 2. Modulus of
Elasticity of plate material (E) = 193 × 103 N/mm2. Poisson’s ratio (µ) = 0.3, ρ
=7.83 gm/cm3, Joint efficiency (J) = 0.85. Take 3 mm corrosion allowance. Find: (i)
thickness of the head (ii) volume of head and (iii) weight of the fabricated head

(WINTER-2016)

3) What is gasket? Define gasket seating stress and discuss the various types of gaskets
used in industries.(WINTER-2016),(SUMMMER-2017),(SUMMER-2018),(SUMMER-
2019),(WINTER-2019)

4) Examine the data given below to evaluate the requirement of reinforcement pad 07
for the nozzle opening in cylindrical shell. OD of shell = 2 m, maximum working
pressure within shell = 3.5 MN/m2, thickness of shell =0.05 m, corrosion
allowance = 3 mm, joint efficiency of nozzle and shell = 1, MOC = IS 2002,
Allowable stress = 96 MN/m2, Density = 7800 kg/m3, OD of nozzle = 0.25 m,
Nozzle wall thickness = 0.016 m, length of nozzle = 100 mm(WINTER-2016)
5) A process vessel is to be designed for the maximum operating pressure of 500kN/m2. 07
The vessel has the nominal diameter of 1.2 m and tangent to tangent length of 2.4 m.
The vessel is made of IS : 2002 – 1962 Grade 2 B quality steel having allowable
design stress value of 118 MN/ m2 at working temperature. The corrosion allowance
is suggested to be 2 mm for the life span expected for the vessel. The vessel is to be
fabricated according to class 2 of Indian standard specifications which stipulate the
weld joint efficiency of 0.85.

a) What will be the standard plate thickness to fabricate this vessel?

b) If a spherical vessel having the same diameter and thickness is fabricated
the same quality steel, what maximum internal pressure the sphere will
withstand safely?

6) Discuss about mechanical design of Torispherical head(WINTER-2017)

7) Discuss about different types of standard flanges.(WINTER-2017),

(WINTER-2019)

8) List out the steps for finding thickness of shell using external pressure by 03
graphical method.(WINTER-2017),(SUMMER-2018)

9) It is desired to design a bracket support for a vertical cylindrical reaction vessel installed
indoor.
Following data are available:
Diameter of vessel = 1.5 meter,
Height of vessel = 2.0 meter
Clearance from vessel bottom to foundation = 1.0 m Weight of vessel with
content = 4000 kg
No. of bracket = 6
Diameter of anchor bolt circle = 1.65 meter Height of bracket from
foundation = 2.25 meter Base plate dimension for bracket:
Distance between vessel wall & bracket end = 150 mm Gusset Plate are 140 mm
apart from each other
Web plate dimension for bracket height, cosƟ= 0.707 Channel section size =
150 mm x 75 mm
Base plate size: extending 20 mm on either side of the channel Permissible stresses:
Tension: 140 N/mm2,
Compression: 128 N/mm2, Bending : 158 N/mm2
Permissible bearing pressure for concrete: 5 N/mm 2 Assume wind pressure: 1285 N/m2

(WINTER-2017),(WINTER-2018)
PAGE NO S.B.THAKORE 101
 07

10) A fractionating tower is 4 m in outside diameter by 6 m in length from

tangent line to closures. The tower contains removable trays on a 1m tray
spacing and is to operate under vacuum at 400 0C. The material of
construction is IS: 2002 – 1962 Gr. I plain carbon steel. Determine the
required thickness of the shell without stiffeners and then with stiffeners
located at the tray positions.(SUMMER-2017)

11) Calculate no of bolts required and design a ring flange based on the following data:
Internal design pressure: 10 kgf/cm2 Design temperature: 150
0
C
Flange material: SA 240 Grade S type 304 Bolt material: SA 193
Grade B8 Type 304 Gasket material: Asbestos
Gasket dimensions: 945.4 mm OD, 920 mm ID Mean diameter of gasket:
932.7 mm
Effective gasket seating width: 6.35 mm Shell outside diameter:
900 mm
Shell thickness: 10 mm
Maximum allowable stress of flange material at design temperature: 1020.7
kgf/cm2
Maximum allowable stress of flange material at atmospheric temperature: 1275.9 kgf/cm 2
Maximum allowable stress of bolting material at 150 0C: 816.5 kgf/cm2
Maximum allowable stress of bolting material at atmospheric temperature: 1020.7 kgf/cm 2
Bolt size: 3/4”
Root area of bolt: 1.9483 cm2 Gasket type: Flat ring
type Gasket thickness: 1.5875 mm Gasket factor: 2.75
Minimum design seating stress for gasket Y: 251.77 kgf/cm 2 (WINTER-2017),(SUMMER-2018)

S.B .THAKORE PAGE NO :82

12) Discuss about mechanical design of Hemispherical 03

head.(SUMMER-2018)

13) Discuss about different types of Flange facings.(SUMMER-2018) 04

14) Discuss analytical method for thickness calculation of shell subject to external 03
pressure.(SUMMER-2018)

15) Discuss about design of Elliptical head.(SUMMER-2018) 04

 16) Discuss in detail about Bracket or Lug support and explain how 14
the design of bracket, column support and bearing plate is
done.(SUMMER-2018)

17) Compare head thickness for torrispherical and elliptical heads using following
data:
Operating pressure = 15 Atm;
Crown radius = 1000 mm; Knuckle radius = 100 mm;
MOC – CS (f = 142 N/mm2, CA = 2 mm); J = 0.85;
Shell ID = 1000 mm;
Inside depth of the elliptical dish = 200 mm

(WINTER-2018)

18) Derive the equation for longitudinal and axial stresses generated due to 03
operating pressure in cylindrical vessel.(WINTER-2018)

19) Design a bracket of the support welded on outside surface of the shell, to
support a vertical cylindrical reaction vessel based on following available
details:
OD of reactor shell = 1.3 m
Thickness of the shell =12 mm
Height of the vessel = 2.5m
Clearance from vessel bottom to foundation = 1 m
Weight of vessel with contents = 3750 kg
Wind pressure = 130 kgf/m 2
Diameter of bolt circle = 1.51 m
Size of base plate for bracket = 150 mm x 150 mm
Height of the C channel from foundation = 2.625 m
Size of C channel = 150 mm x 75 mm
Area of cross section = 22 cm 2 Modulus of
section = 24 .6
cm3
Radius of gyration = 2.43 cm
MOC for support = IS 800
Max. allowable tensile stress = 1400 kgf/cm 2
Max. allowable compressive stress = 1233 kgf/cm 2 Max.
allowable bending
stress = 1575 kgf/cm 2
(WINTER-2018)

20) Discuss the selection criteria for nozzles. (WINTER-2018),(WINTER-2018)

 21) Classify the flanges based on its facings and give application for
each.(WINTER-2018) 04

22) Examine the data given below to evaluate the requirement of

compensation for the nozzle opening in a cylindrical shell. If
compensation ring (Reinforcement pad) is required then find its
dimensions and weight.
Outside diameter of shell = 2 m
Max. Working pressure
within shell = 3.5 MN/m2
Wall thickness for the shell =
0.05 m
Corrosion allowance = 3 mm
Joint efficiency = 1 (for shell and nozzle)
MOC of shell, nozzle and
reinforcement pad = IS 2002
Density of IS 2002 = 7800 kg/m3
Allowable stress of IS
2002 = 96 MN/m2
OD of
nozzle (seamless) =
0.25 m Nozzle wall
thickness = 0.016 m
Length of nozzle = 100 mm
(WINTER-2018) ,(SUMMER-2019),(WINTER-2019) S.B THAKORE PAGE NO :89

23) Data for pressure vessel are given below: 14

 Capacity : 10000 L (cylindrical portion only), Operating pressure = 10 kgf/cm 2
 f = 980kg/cm2, Density of steel = 7.7gm/cc, J = 0.85
 Torspherical heads are provided at both sides.
 For torispherical head, Rc = 10% excess of I.D., R1 = 10% of Rc
Taking L/D = 5, calculate and suggest the plate thickness of shell.
Also calculate the thickness & weight of torispherical head.(SUMMER-2019)

24) Define Gasket seating stress and gasket factor.(SUMMER-2019) 03

25) Explain in brief the various pressure tests carried out for the design of
pressure vessel.(WINTER-2019)

26) Discuss the design of bracket support.(WINTER-2019) 07

27) Answer in True or False for the following statements 03

 Short vertical cylindrical vessels are generally supported by bracket
support.
 Saddle support and Skirt support are same.
 Tall vertical vessels are supported by Lug support.
(WINTER-2019)
28) Discuss the design steps for pressure vessel for Torispherical head 04
subjected to internal pressure.(WINTER-2019)

29) A tower having 4.5 m inside diameter & 8 m length from tangent 07
line to tangent line of the end closers. Tower is operated under
vacuum. Tower shell is constructed from SA-283 grade-B carbon
steel plate, which has yield strength of 1898.4 kgf/cm 2. Determine
the required thickness of
shell without stiffeners. Assume 8 mm thick plate.(WINTER-
2019)

(S.B.THAKORE PAGE NO :28

CH-3 Mechanical design of Reaction Vessel:
Mechanical design of shell, head, Jacket, coil, agitator, nozzle,
body flange, etc., Different types of agitators & their selection
criteria, Different types of agitator shaft sealing system & their 06 11
selection criteria, Different types of power transmission system,
Determination of power required for agitation, shaft diameter,
blade thickness, etc., Different types of jackets & their selection
criteria,Selection between coil & jacket

1) Turbine agitators operating in a vessel of 1.6 m diameter is to be 10

designed with the following data.Internal design pressure – 5 kgf/cm 2,
Agitator diameter – 500 mm,
Maximum agitator rpm – 200,
Viscosity of liquid – 600 cp,
Specific gravity of liquid – 1.2,
Over hang length of shaft – 1.2 m,
No. of agitator blade – 6,
Elastic limit – 250 N/mm2,
Permissible shear stress in shaft – 55 N/mm 2,
Modulus of elasticity – 19.5× 10 5 kgf/cm2.
Calculate (i) power required and
(ii) shaft diameter and
(iii) critical speed. Power number – 8 for NRe < 1500,
6 for 1500 < NRe < 3000,
4.5 for 3000< NRe < 4500,
3 for 4500 < NRe < 6000 and 2 for NRe > 6000.
(WINTER-2016),(SUMMER-2017)

2) Discuss about different types of agitators and their selection

criteria.(SUMMER-2017),(SUMMER-2019),(WINTER-2019)

3) Discuss in detail the various types of jackets used for heating and
Cooling.(SUMMER- 2017),(WINTER-2018),(SUMMER-2019),(WINTER-
2019)

4) Discuss about heating systems and various types of jackets and coils used for
the same.
(SUMMER-2018)

5) Discuss the design of half coil and plain jacket.(WINTER-2018),

(WINTER-2018)

6) A reaction vessel is operated at 5 atm absolute and 150 OC. The heat of
reaction 2583.54 kJ is supplied using the steam at pressure 5 atm
gauge. Calculate the design pressure for wall of reaction vessel and
jacket.(WINTER-2018)
7) A flat blade turbine agitator with six blades is installed centrally in vertical tank. The
tank is 1.5 m in diameter; turbine is 0.5 m in diameter. Based on the given following
data, Suggest Rated power required for motor to run agitator.
Height of liquid in tank = 1.5 m
Viscosity of liquid = 20 cp
Density of liquid = 1200 kg/m 3
Speed of agitator = 120 rpm
Length of agitator shaft between bearing and agitator = 2 m
For NRe >10000 Np =6 and NRe <10000 Np =5
(WINTER-2018)
S.B THAKORE PAGE NO :184

8) For reaction vessel, discuss design calculations for following components used
for the flange connecting head and shell
(a) Gasket 03
(b) Bolts 04
(c) Flange diameter and thickness. 07
(WINTER-2018)

9) Discuss the use of jackets and coils in the industry.(SUMMER-2019) 03

10) Calculate the thickness of shell of the reactor and thickness of jacket for the
following available options (i) Reactor with plain jacket and (ii) Reactor with
channel jacket. Following data are available.
 Inside diameter of shell = 1500 mm, Inside diameter of jacket = 1600 mm
 Shell length=1500 mm, Half coil diameter = 75 mm, Width of channel
jacket = 75 mm,
 Internal design pressure for Shell & Jacket= 4 kgf/cm 2 & 3 kgf/cm2
 Design temperature for both shell and jacket 150 C
 Max. Allowable stress = 980 kgf/cm 2, Modulus of elasticity, E = 19 × 10 5
kgf/cm2
Poisson’s ratio, µ = 0.3, Joint Efficiency J = 0.85

(SUMMER-2019)
S.B .THAKORE PAGE NO : 170
 CH-4 Mechanical design of Storage Tank:
Classification of storage tank as per IS-803, Capacity of
storage tank, its diameter & height, Design of shell and bottom 05 9
plate for storage tank, Design of Self supported conical roof,
Design of structured supported conical roof as per API 620,
Selection of
column, girders and rafters, Roof curb angel, Floating roof.

1) Discuss about self supporting roof design(2017).4 marks

2) Discuss the various steps used in design of column supporte roof for storage
tank.(2017,2018) 14marks
3) For a fixed conical roof cylindrical storage tank, determine the wall thickness for
following data
Tank diameter = 30 m

Tank height = 18 m

Specific gravity = 1.24

Slope of conical roof = 1/6

Super imposed live load = 1250 N/m2

MOC – Carbon steel

Maximum allowable stress f = 157.5 N/mm2

Density = 7.8 gm/cc

Modulus of Elasticity E = 2 x 105 N/mm2

Standard plate size available is 6300 x 1800 mm

Type of butt joint = double welded butt joint.(2018) 7 marks

4) Discuss the design of structurally supported roof for cylindrical storage

vessel.(2018) 7 marks
5) Explain the stepwise procedure for the design of conical roof with structural
support for storage tank.(2019) 7 marks
6) A fixed conical roof storage tank is fabricated from structural steel plate (IS –
2062). Based on the given following data find out the thickness of conical roof plate
and size of roof curb angle. Storage tank can be

classified as ‘Class A Tank’.

Given Data:-

Tank diameter = 7m Tank height = 5m

Slope of conical roof = 1/6

 Superimposed live load on roof = 125 kgf / cm2 Modulus of elasticity of Plate
material = 2x106 kgf /cm2 Density of Plate material = 7800 kg / cm3

Poisson’s ratio = 0.3

Thickness of topmost shell course = 10 mm

Minimum size of roof curb angle = 65 mm x 65 mm x 6 mm (2019) 7 marks

7) Discuss the various steps used for design of column supported conical roof
.(2019) 7 marks

8) Determine the total number of shell plates and plate thickness of a storage tank to
store Phosphoric acid of 85% w/w for phosphoric acid plant having production
capacity of 762.83 MT. Density of pure H 3PO4 is 1834 kg/m3. Allowable stress of
Monel is 170 MPa and D/H is 1.5. Corrosion allowance is negligible.
(2016) 7marsk

9) Explain Normal and Emergency venting for storage vessel.(2016) 7 marks

CH-5 Mechanical design of Shell & Tube Heat
Exchangers:Mechanical design of Shell, tube, tube sheet, 05 9
head, channel shell, ,etc. of shell & tube heat exchanger

1) Discuss the design steps for the calculation of tube side heat transfer
coefficient and pressure drop.(2017) 7 marks

2) Explain the function of the following parts for the shell and tube heat
exchanger. (i) Baffles (ii) Tie rods (iii) Spacers (iv) Expansion joint (v) Tube side
pass partition (vi) Tube sheet (vii) Support (2017) 7 marks

3) For shell & tube heat exchanger, following data are given: Shell inside
diameter: 600 mm

Tube outer diameter: 19.05 mm Tube inside diameter: 15.848 mm Tube

length:

2500 mm

Tube nos.: 440

Length of shell: 2500 mm

Shell , baffle, head & tube material: SS 304

Type of heat exchanger: BEM, Minimum shell thickness: 5 mm, Minimum tube
wall thickness: 1.65 mm, Minimum tubesheet thickness: 20 mm, Diameter of

baffle: Shell ID – 3 mm, Baffle thickness: 10 mm,

Baffle spacing: 600 mm, Tie rod diameter: 10 mm, No. of tie rods: 6,

Thickness of pass partition plate: 10 mm, Depth of pass partition groove: 5

mm,

Design temperature of shell & tube : 150 0C,

Maximum allowable stress at design temperature: 103.42 N/mm2, Internal

design pressure of shell: 0.1035 N/mm2,

Internal design pressure of tube: 0.6 N/mm2,

Assume joint efficiency : 1 for shell & tube side calculation, Density of SS 304 :

8000 kg/m3,

Assume mean diameter of gasket : 675 mm.

 Calculate:

1)Thickness of shell using internal pressure

2)Thickness of tube as per internal pressure

3)Thickness and weight of Torispherical heads (J=0.85)

4)Design of tubesheet (2017) 14 marks

4) Discuss the mechanical design of shell & tube heat exchanger for(1) Shell
subjected to internal or external pressure, (2) Tubes,(3) Tubesheet, (4) Nozzle
& Reinforcement pad. (2018) 14 marks

5) Discuss the tubesheet design. (2018) 3 marks

6) Discuss the calculation of tube side pressure drop for shell and tube heat
exchanger. (2018) 3 marks
7) Give the function of tube sheet, shell side partition and tube side partition in a
heat exchanger.(2019) 3 marks
8) Write in short about the mechanical design of shell and tube heatexchanger.
(2019) 4 mark
9) Give the function of baffles, tie rod, sealing strip in a heat exchanger.(2019) 3
marks

10) The shell & tube heat exchanger has the following data: Shell inside diameter =
580 mm

Tube O.D. = 19.05 mm ;Thickness of tube = 1.65 mm Internal operating

pressure of shell side = 2.0 kgf/cm2;

Internal operating pressure of tube side = 6.0 kgf/cm2 Allowable stress for shell
and tube material = 1054 kgf/cm2

Material of shell : SA 312 TP 304 (seamless pipe)

Material of tube : SS 304; Density of SS 304 = 8000 kg/m3 J =1

Mean diameter of gasket = 550 mm

No. of pass on tube side = 2; Depth of pass partition plate = 5 mm Calculate:

•Thickness of shell

•Thickness of tube

Use only internal design pressure. Neglect the thickness calculation by external
design pressure. (2019) 4 mark
 PED-2
HIMANSHU PANSURIYA
170150105030
CH-6 Mechanical design of Vertical tall tower (Distillation
Column): Mechanical design of shell, head, tray support, nozzle,
body flange, for Vertical tall tower, Determination of shell
08 15%
thicknesses at various heights for tray tower & packed tower in case
H WEIGHTAGE
of internal & external pressure, Different types of tray supports & R
their selection criteria, design of horizontal structural member with
periphery ring type
packing support

1) A tower having 4.5 m inside diameter & 8 m length from tangent line to tangent 07
line of the end closers. Tower is operated under vacuum. Tower shell is
constructed from SA-283 grade-B carbon steel plate, which has yield strength of
1898.4 kgf/cm2. Determine the required thickness of shell without stiffeners.
Assume 8 mm thick plate. (WINTER-2019)

2) Write a short note on Tray supports used for distillation column..(WINTER-2019) 04

3) Answer in True or False for the following statements 03
• Short vertical cylindrical vessels are generally supported by bracket support.
• Saddle support and Skirt support are same.
• Tall vertical vessels are supported by Lug support (WINTER-2019)

07

4) Find the thickness of a straight cylindrical skirt support for distillation column based 0707
on following data. Diameter of column = 2500 mm; Height of distillation column = 40
m; Max. weight of vessel, its attachment & contents = 300000 kg Diameter of skirt
=2500 mm; Height of skirt = 5 m; Wind pressure at the top of column =128.5 kgf/m2 ;
Material used for skirt support = IS 800 structural steel; Max. allowable tensile stress
= 1400 kgf/cm2 ; Max. allowable compressive stress = 666 kgf/cm2 ; Max. allowable
bending stress = 1575 kgf/cm2 ; Seismic coefficient =0.08; Minimum wt of empty
vessel = 250000 kg. (WINTER-2019)
 07
5) Determine the thickness of shell of distillation column at various heights 07
based on following data.
Shell O.D. at top = 2000 mm
Length of Shell = 27 m , Internal design pressure = 3 kgf/cm2 , Design
temperature = 120 °C Shell Material = SA-283 Grade C Type of shell plate
joint = Double welded butt joint with 10% radiography , Skirt height = 4 m ,
Tray spacing = 0.3 m, Top disengaging space = 1.2 m , Weight of head =
317 kg , Weight of one tray plus wt. of liquid over the same =120 kg/m2 ,
Wt. of attachments (pipes, ladders & platforms) = 150 kg/m , Wind
pressure = 130 kgf/m2 , Insulation thickness = 100 mm Density of
insulation = 500 kg/m3 , Maximum allowable stress of shell material at 120
°C = 890kgf/cm2 , Modulus of elasticity = 2 x 106 kgf/cm2 , Poisson’s ration
= 0.3 , Corrosion allowance = 2 mm , Specific gravity of SA-283 Grade C =
7.865 Neglect the stress created by eccentric load and seismic load.
(WINTER-2018) 14
6) Discuss the design of Tray and tray support in detail. (WINTER-2018)
7) Design a bracket of the support welded on outside surface of the shell, to 07
support a vertical cylindrical reaction vessel based on following available
details: OD of reactor shell = 1.3 m ,Thickness of the shell =12 mm Height
of the vessel = 2.5m , Clearance from vessel bottom to foundation = 1 m
Weight of vessel with contents = 3750 kg , Wind pressure = 130 kgf/m2
Diameter of bolt circle = 1.51 m ,Size of base plate for bracket = 150 mm x
150 mm , Height of the C channel from foundation = 2.625 m Size of C
channel = 150 mm x 75 mm Area of cross section = 22 cm2 ,Modulus of
section = 24.6 cm3 Radius of gyration = 2.43 cm ,MOC for support = IS 800
Max. allowable tensile stress = 1400 kgf/cm2, Max. allowable compressive
stress = 1233 kgf/cm2 Max. allowable bending stress = 1575 kgf/cm2.
(WINTER-2018)
8) Discuss the design of skirt support for tall vertical vessel . 07

9) Discuss shell thickness determination steps for Distillation or Absorption 07

column (SUMMER-2018)
10) Calculate the thickness for shell plate of distillation column having 07
following data and upto what height from top this can be used? Shell outer
diameter at top: 2000 mm , Shell length tangent line to tangent line: 35
meter , Internal design pressure: 3 kgf/cm2 , Design temperature: 120 0C
Shell material: SA – 283 Gr C , Type of shell plate joint : Double welded with
10% radiography Skirt height: 4 m Tray spacing: 0.3 m (106 trays) , Top
disengaging space: 1.2 m Weight of liquid and tray: 120 kg/m2 , Weight of
attachment (pipes, ladders & platform): 150 kg/m Wind pressure, Pw: 130
kgf/m2 , Insulation thickness: 100 mm Density of insulation: 500 kg/m3 ,
Maximum allowable tensile stress of shell plate material at design
temperature: 890 kgf/cm2 , Maximum allowable compressive stress at
deign temperature: 439 kgf/cm2 , Modulus of elasticity: 2 x 106 kgf/cm2
Poisson’s ratio: 0.3 , Corrosion allowance: 2 mm Density of material: 7865
kg/m3 Neglect the stress created by eccentric load and seismic load.(W-17)
11) A fractionating tower is 4 m in outside diameter by 6 m in length from 07
tangent line to closures. The tower contains removable trays on a 1m tray
spacing and is to operate under vacuum at 400 0C. The material of
construction is IS: 2002 – 1962 Gr. I plain carbon steel. Determine the
required thickness of the shell without stiffeners and then with stiffeners
located at the tray positions. (SUMMER-2017)
10
12) Determine the shell thickness for the entire tower height based on the
following data. Shell I D – 3500 mm, Working temperature – 180 oC,
Working pressure – 2 N/mm2 (g), Design temperature – 200 oC, Top
disengagement space – 200 mm, Base chamber height – 3200 mm, Specific
gravity of material – 7.7, Permissible tensile stress – 95 N/mm2 , Insulation
density – 7700 N/m3 , Corrosion allowance – 3 mm, Poisson’s ratio (µ) =
0.3, Modulus of Elasticity of plate material (E) = 1.93 × 105 N/mm2 ,
Insulation thickness – 140 mm, Weight of top elliptical head – 2800 N,
Weight of attachment (pipes, ladders & platform) – 1600 N/mm2 , Weight
of column – 3 × 106 N, Weight of liquid and tray – 900 N/m2 , No. of trays –
60, Tray spacing – 0.7 m. Neglect the stress created by eccentric and
seismic load. Determine the thickness of distillation column.
(WINTER-2016)
13) A distillation column subjected to full vacuum is fabricated and installed, 14
having following specifications. Shell O D - 2000 mm, Tangent to tangent
length of shell - 35 m, Design temperature - 120 oC, Shell material - SA-283
Grade C, Type of shell plate joint - Double welded butt joint with 10 %
radiography, Height of skirt support - 4 m, Tray spacing – 0.3 m, No. of
trays – 106, Top disengaging space – 1.2 m, Weight of liquid and tray – 120
kg/m2 , Weight of attachment (pipes, ladders & platform) – 150 kg/m,
Wind pressure – 130 kgf/m2 , Insulation thickness – 500 kg/m3 , Maximum
allowable stress of shell plate material at design temperature – 605.22
kgf/cm2 , Modulus of elasticity – 2 × 106 kgf/cm2 , Poissons ratio – 0.3,
Corrosion allowance – 2 mm, Specific gravity of shell material – 7.865,
Weight of top head – 315.55 kg, Stiffening ring of 8 mm thick and 100 mm
width are available. Neglect the stress created by eccentric and seismic
load. Determine the thickness of distillation column. (WINTER-2016)

03
 CH-7 Supports :
06 HR 11 % WEIGHTAGE
Different types of supports, Mechanical design of
bracket support,
skirt, support & saddle support

1) Explain design procedure for saddle support. (SUMMER-2017) 07

2) Discuss the mechanical design of skirt support or saddle support (WINTER-2017) 07
3) It is desired to design a bracket support for a vertical cylindrical reaction vessel installed
indoor. 07

Following data are available:

Diameter of vessel = 1.5 meter, Height of vessel = 2.0
meter
Clearance from vessel bottom to foundation = 1.0 m Weight of vessel with
content = 4000 kg
No. of bracket = 6
Diameter of anchor bolt circle = 1.65 meter Height of bracket from
foundation = 2.25 meter Base plate dimension for bracket:
Distance between vessel wall & bracket end = 150 mm Gusset Plate are 140 mm
apart from each other
Web plate dimension for bracket height, cosƟ= 0.707 Channel section size =
150 mm x 75 mm
Base plate size: extending 20 mm on either side of the channel Permissible stresses:
Tension: 140 N/mm2,
Compression: 128 N/mm2, Bending : 158 N/mm2
Permissible bearing pressure for concrete: 5 N/mm2 Assume wind pressure: 1285 N/m2.
(WINTER-2017)

4) Discuss the mechanical design of skirt support. (SUMMER-2018) 07

5) Discuss in detail about Bracket or Lug support and explain how the
design of bracket, column support and bearing plate is done. 14
(summer-2018)
6) Discuss the design of skirt support for tall vertical vessel. 07
(WINTER-2018)
7) Discuss about the design Saddle support (SUMMER-2019) 04
8) Discuss the types of support used in industry (SUMMER-2019) 07
9) Discuss the design of bracket support. (WINTER-2019) 07
10) Explain the design procedure for saddle support. (WINTER-2019) 04