Requirements of CS & Low Alloy Steel Materials in Pressure Vessel

Minimum Minimum Maximum PWHT Requirements (As per clause 4.3.2 RT Reuirements of
Product ASTM Maximum C Specified Yield Allowable Stress P- Group- of 6-12-0002, Vessels in Hydrogen, butt welded joints
Form Designation Grade Nominal Composition Title of Specification Scope of Material Spec (ASME Code) % Specified Tensile Strength at 't' 't' (Celsius) Number Number Amine, Sour (H2S), Cyclic service shall be (In addition to UW-
Strength (MPa) MPa/(Kg/cm2) Mpa/(Kg/cm2) PWHT.) 11)

250/2550 (t<20)
240/2448
IS 2062 B Carbon Steel (CS) 0.22 (by ladle) 410/4182 117.15/1195*
(20<=t<=40)
230/2346 (t>40)

SKIRT/ SA 285 C CS 380 205/2090 108/1101 -30 to 250

ANCHOR
CHAIR
SA 36 -
- CS 400 250/2550 114/1163 -30 to 350
PALTE, SHEET

SA 36 - BAR - CS 400 250/2550 114/1163 -30 to 350

55 CS 0.18-0.26 380 205 / 2090 108 / 1101 -30 to 250 1 1

Specification for Pressure This specification covers carbon steel plates if service is not LETHAL then a)Required if NT
60 CS Vessel Plates, Carbon steel, intended primarily for service in welded 0.21-0.27 415 220 / 2243 118 / 1203 -30 to 250 1 1 > 38 mm b) Required if preheating is not
SA-516 Full RT if NT > 32 mm
65 CS For Moderate and Lower pressure vessels where improved notch 0.24-0.29 450 240 / 2447 128 / 1305 -30 to 250 1 1 done @ minimum 95 C for the condition [32
Temperature service toughness is important. mm<NT<= 38 mm]
70 CS 0.27-0.31 485 260 / 2651 138 / 1407 -30 to 250 1 2

11 CL. 1 11⁄4Cr – 1⁄2Mo– Si 415 240 / 2447 118 / 1203 -30 to 400 4 1
0.04-0.17
11 CL. 2 11⁄4Cr – 1⁄2Mo– Si 515 310 / 3161 148 / 1509 -30 to 425 4 1 if service is not LETHAL then f) Required for
all NT g) Refer Note no. 2 at page 223 for Full RT if NT > 16 mm
12 CL. 1 1Cr – 1⁄2Mo 0.04-0.17 380-550 230 / 2345 108 / 1101 -30 to 40 4 1 exemptions
This specification covers chromium-
12 CL. 2 1Cr – 1⁄2Mo Specification for Pressure molybdenum alloy steel plates intended 0.04-0.17 380-550 230 / 2345 128 / 1305 -30 to 65 4 1
SA-387 Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, primarily for welded boilers and pressure
Chromium-Molybdenum vessels designed for elevated temperature
21 CL. 1 3Cr – 1Mo service. 0.04-0.15 415-585 205 / 2090 118 / 1203 -30 to 100 5A 1

21 CL. 2 3Cr – 1Mo 0.04-0.15 415-585 205 / 2090 148 / 1509 -30 to 65 5A 1 if service is not LETHAL then h) Required for
all NT i) Refer Note no. 2 at page 230 for Full RT for all NT
22 CL. 1 21⁄4Cr – 1Mo 0.04-0.15 415-585 205 / 2090 118 / 1203 -30 to 100 5A 1 exemptions

22 CL. 2 21⁄4Cr – 1Mo 0.04-0.15 415-585 205 / 2090 148 / 1509 -30 to 65 5A 1

if service is not LETHAL then c)Required if NT

Specification for Pressure
SA-204 B C– 1⁄2Mo Vessel Plates, Alloy steel,
Molybdenum
> 16mm. d)Rquired If NT<= 16 mm and
This specification covers molybdenum-alloy welding procedure qualification described in
steel plates, intended particularly for welded 0.20-0.27 485 275 / 2804 138 / 1407 -30 to 400 3 2 UCS- Full RT if NT > 19 mm
boilers and other pressure vessels. 56(a) has not been made in equal or greater
thickness than the production weld.e)Refer
Note no. 4 at page 222 for exemptions

Plate if service is not LETHAL then j)Required if NT

Specification for Pressure
SA-203 E 31⁄2Ni Vessel Plates, Alloy steel,
Nickel
> 16mm. k)Rquired If NT<= 16 mm and
This specification covers nickel-alloy steel welding procedure qualification described in
plates intended primarily for welded 0.20-0.23 485 275 / 2804 138 / 1407 -30 to 150 9B 1 UCS- Full RT if NT > 16 mm
pressure vessels. 56(a) has not been made in equal or greater
thickness than the production weld.l)Refer
Note no. 4 at page 227 for exemptions

SA-533 (used
in Urea
Reactor by
L&T-as a base
metal)

Specification for Pressure This specification covers heat-treated if service is not LETHAL then a)Required if NT
Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated carbon-manganese- silicon steel plates 310-345 / 3161- > 38 mm b) Required if preheating is not
SA-537 CL. 1 CS 0.24 450-485 128 / 1305 -30 to 325 1 2 Full RT if NT > 32 mm
Carbon-Manganese-Silicon intended for fusion welded pressure vessels 3518 done @ minimum 95 C for the condition [32
Steel and structures. mm<NT<= 38 mm]

Type D 0.11-0.15 (by

21⁄4Cr – 1Mo-V (or called
Class 4a heat), 0.09-
Modified 2.25 Cr-1 Mo- 585-760 415 5C 1
(widely 0.18 (by
0.25V in indutry) Specification For Pressure
used) This specification covers two types of 21⁄4Cr-1 product)
Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel,
SA-542 (used Quenched-And-Tempered, Mo and three types of Cr-Mo-V alloy steel
plates for use in the quenched-and-tempered
in Reactors) Chromium-Molybdenum And
condition, intended for the fabrication of
Type B Chromiummolybdenum- welded pressure vessels and components. 0.11-0.15 (by
Class 4 Vanadium
heat), 0.09-
(not used 21⁄4Cr – 1Mo 585-760 380 5C 1
0.18 (by
in EIL product)
ever)

Specification For Seamless

This specification covers seamless carbon
SA-106 B CS Carbon Steel Pipe for High-
steel pipe for high-temperature service
0.35 415 240 / 2447 118 / 1203 -30 to 325 1 1 same as a) and b)
Temperature Service
Full RT if NT > 32 mm
P1 C– 1⁄2Mo 0.1-0.2 380 205 / 2090 108 / 1101 -30 to 375 3 1 same as c), d) & e) Full RT if NT > 19 mm
P11 11⁄4Cr – 1⁄2Mo– Si Specification For Seamless This specification covers nominal wall and 0.05-0.15 415 205 / 2090 118 / 1203 -30 to 150 4 1
SA-335 Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe For minimum wall seamless ferritic alloy-steel same as f) & g) Full RT if NT > 16 mm
P12 1Cr – 1/2Mo High-Temperature Service pipe intended for high-temperature service. 0.05-0.15 415 220 / 2243 118 / 1203 -30 to 40 4 1
P22 21⁄4Cr –1Mo 0.05-0.15 415 205 / 2090 118 / 1203 -30 to 100 5A 1 same as h) & i) Full RT for all NT

1 CS

This specification covers nominal (average)

wall seamless and welded carbon and alloy
Seamless steel pipe intended for use at low
Pipe temperatures. Several grades of ferritic steel
are included as listed in Table 1. Some
product sizes may not be available under this
specification because heavier wall
Specification For Seamless thicknesses have an adverse effect on low-
SA-333 3 31⁄2Ni And Welded Steel Pipe For temperature 0.19 450 240 / 2447 128 / 1305 -30 to 250 9B 1 same as j), k) & l) Full RT if NT > 16 mm
Low-Temperature Service impact properties.

6 CS

This specification covers forged carbon steel

Specification For Carbon Steel piping components for ambient- and higher-
SA-105 … Forgings For Piping temperature service in pressure systems. 0.35 485 250 / 2549 138 / 1407 -30 to 200 1 2 same as a) and b) Full RT if NT > 32 mm
Applications Included are flanges, fittings, valves, and
similar parts

F1 0.28 485 275 / 2804 138 / 1407 30 to 400 3 2 same as c), d) & e) Full RT if NT > 19 mm
F11 CL. 1 0.05-0.15 415 205 / 2090 118 / 1203 -30 to 150 4 1
F11 CL. 2 Specification For Forged or 0.1-0.2 485 275 / 2804 138 / 1407 -30 to 375 4 1
This specification covers forged low alloy and
Low Alloy and Stainless Steel stainless steel piping components for use in same as f) & g) Full RT if NT > 16 mm
SA-182 F12 CL. 1 Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, 0.05-0.15 415 220 / 2243 118 / 1203 -30 to 65 4 1
pressure systems. Included are flanges,
Forgings and Valves and Parts for High fittings, valves, and similar parts
F12 CL. 2 Temperature Service 0.1-0.2 485 275 / 2804 138 / 1407 -30 to 40 4 1
(Flanges,
Fittings & F22 CL. 1 0.05-0.15 415 205 / 2090 118 / 1203 -30 to 100 5A 1
Valves) same as h) & i) Full RT for all NT
F22 CL. 3 0.05-0.15 515 310 / 3161 148 / 1509 -30 to 65 5A 1
1 0.3 415 205 / 2090 118 / 1203 -30 to 200 1 1
2 Specification For Carbon Steel This specification covers four grades of 0.3 485 250 / 2549 138 / 1407 -30 to 200 1 2
SA-266 Forgings For Pressure Vessel carbon steel forgings for boilers, pressure same as a) and b) Full RT if NT > 32 mm
3 Components vessels, and associated equipment 0.35 515 260 / 2651 148 / 1509 -30 to 200 1 2
4 0.3 485 250 / 2549 138 / 1407 -30 to 200 1 2

LF-2 Specification For Carbon And This specification covers several grades of 0.3 485-655 250 / 2549 138 / 1407 -30 to 200 1 2 same as a) and b) Full RT if NT > 32 mm
carbon and low-alloy steel forged or ring-
Low -Alloy Steel Forgings,
rolled flanges, forged fittings and valves
SA-350 Requiring Notch Toughness intended primarily for low-temperature
Testing For Piping
LF-3 service and requiring notch toughness 0.2 485-655 260 / 2651 138 / 1407 -30 to 250 9B 1 same as j), k) & l) Full RT if NT > 16 mm
Components
testing.

Note:
SA-333 Gr 8 is Seamless pipe, SA-353/553 is a Plate, SA-522 is Forging, all are (Quenched & Tempered High Strength Steels)
listed in Table 3.A.2 in ASME Section VIII Div 2

Legend:
UW-40(f): The term nominal thickness as used in Tables UCS-56-1 through UCS-56-11, UCS-56.1, UHA-32-1 through UHA-32-6, and UHT-56, is the thickness of the welded joint as defined below. For pressure vessels or parts of pressure vessels being postweld
heat treated in a furnace charge, it is the greatest weld thickness in any vessel or vessel part which has not previously been postweld heat treated.
(1) When the welded joint connects parts of the same thickness, using a full penetration buttweld, the nominal thickness is the total depth of the weld exclusive of any permitted weld reinforcement.
Nominal Thickness as (2) For groove welds, the nominal thickness is the depth of the groove.
NT defined in UW-40(f) and (3) For fillet welds, the nominal thickness is the throat dimension. If a fillet weld is used in conjunction with a groove weld, the nominal thickness is the depth of the groove or the throat dimension, whichever is greater.
3-2
(4) For stud welds, the nominal thickness shall be the diameter of the stud.
(5) When a welded joint connects parts of unequal thicknesses, the nominal thickness shall be the following:
(-a) the thinner of two adjacent butt‐welded parts including head to shell connections (-b) the thickness of the shell or the fillet weld, whichever is greater, in connections to intermediate heads of the type shown in Figure UW-13.1 sketch (e); (-c) the thickness
References: of the shell in connections to tubesheets, flat heads, covers, flanges (except for welded parts depicted in Figure 2-4 sketch (7), where the thickness of the weld shall govern), or similar constructions; (-d) in Figures UW-16.1 and UW-16.2, the thickness of the
weld across the nozzle neck or shell or head or reinforcing pad or attachment fillet weld, whichever is the greater; (-e) the thickness of the nozzle neck at the joint in nozzle neck to flange connections; (-f) the thickness of the weld at the point of attachment
1) Table UCS-56,ASME Section VIII Div when a nonpressure part is welded to a pressure part; (-g) the thickness of the weld in tube‐to‐tubesheet connections. (-h) the thickness of the weld metal overlay when weld metal overlay is the only welding applied The thickness of the head, shell, nozzle
1 (2010) 2) neck, or other parts as used above shall be the wall thickness of the part at the welded joint under consideration. For plate material, the thickness as shown on the Material Test Report or material Certificate of Compliance before forming may be used, at the
Table 1A given in ASME Section II Part Manufacturer’s option, in lieu of measuring the wall thickness at the welded joint.
D 3) Table QW/QB-422 of (6) For repairs, the nominal thickness is the depth of the repair weld. Clause 3-2: Thickness of
ASME Section IX vessel wall (a) design thickness: the sum of the required thickness and the corrosion allowance (see UG-25). (b) required thickness: that computed by the formulas in this Division before corrosion allowance is added (see UG-22). (c) nominal thickness: except
as defined in UW-40(f) and modified in UW-11(g), the nominal thickness is the thickness selected as commercially available, and supplied to the Manufacturer. For plate material, the nominal thickness shall be, at the Manufacturer’s option, either the thickness
shown on the Material Test Report {or material Certificate of Compliance [UG-93(a)(1)]} before forming, or the measured thickness of the plate at the joint or location under consideration.

* This value has been calculated using formulae - Minimum of [4182/3.5,2346*2/3] as depicted in clause 1-100 in Mandatory Appendix 1 of ASME Section II Part-D. IS 2062 code covers requirements of steel including plate and bar. But IS 2062 code does not provide any value or formulae for allowable stress. So we calculate
allowable stress as per Section II Part-D only.

Note G5 of Stress Table: Due to the relatively low yield strength of these materials, these higher stress values were established at temperatures where the short time tensile properties govern to permit the use of these alloys where slightly greater deformation is acceptable. The stress values in this range exceed 662⁄3% but
do not exceed 90% of the yield strength at temperature. Use of these stresses may result in dimensional changes due to permanent strain. These stress values are not recommended for the flanges of gasketed joints or other applications where slight amounts of distortion can cause leakage or malfunction.

SA 387 Gr.11 Cl.2 MOC has been used in Coke-drum(IOCL-Haldia, job no. A609) as a base metal with 2.78mm minimum clad of SS410S MOC.
SS410S clad plate should conform to SA-263 (SPECIFICATION FOR STAINLESS CHROMIUM STEEL-CLAD PLATE)
SS304L/SS304 clad plate should conform to SA-264 (SPECIFICATION FOR STAINLESS CHROMIUM-NICKEL STEEL-CLAD PLATE)

SA 542 Type B is never used in EIL (as per Trivedi sir) but since this material exist in ASME code. Why don't we use it? Answer is not yet known. Profit of using type B is that it has nominal compostion as "21⁄4Cr –
1Mo", which is same as that of SA 387 Gr.22 Cl.2. But SA542 type D has higher strength than SA 387 Gr.22 Cl.2. At 425 °C temp., SA 387 Gr.22 Cl. 2 has allowable stress = 158 MPa, SA 542 Type-B Cl.4 has allowable
stress = 202 MPa & SA 542 type-D Cl. 4a has allowable stress = 231 MPa.
 Requirements of High Alloy Steel Materials in Pressure Vessel
Minimum
Minimum Gro
ASTM Specified Specified Maximum Allowable Stress in Mpa @ 't' Celsius P- up- PWHT
Product Nominal Title of Scope of Material Spec Maximu Yield Nu RT Reuirements of butt
Form Design Grade Composition Specification (ASME Code) m C% Tensile Strength [Allowable stress at ambient temp is equal to 66.66% of yield mb Nu Requirements welded joints except 410S
ation Strength mb except 410S
MPa/(Kg/ strength as per General Notes G5 given in ASME Section II Part D, Table 1A] er
(MPa) cm2) er

304 18Cr – 8Ni 0.08 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 113@100, 95.7@200, 85.9@300, 79.2@400, 73.6@500, 65.4@600
304L 18Cr – 8Ni 0.03 485 170 / 1733 115@-30 to 40, 97@100, 81.2@200, 72.3@300, 67.6@400, 63.4@500, 32.9@600
304H 18Cr – 8Ni 0.04-0.10 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 113@100, 95.7@200, 85.9@300, 79.2@400, 73.6@500, 65.4@600
Specification For
310MoLN 25Cr – 22Ni –2Mo–N Chromium and This specification covers 0.02
316 Austenitic 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo Chromium-Nickel chromium, chromiumnickel, and 0.08 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 118@100, 99.2@200, 88.1@300, 82@400, 79.2@500, 75.0@600
Stainless Stainless Steel Plate, chromium-manganese-nickel 8
Plate SA-240 316L Steel 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo 0.03 485 170 / 1733 115@-30 to 40, 96.3@100, 81.2@200, 72.5@300, 67.5@400, 63.8@475
Sheet and Strip for stainless steel plate, sheet, and
316H 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo Pressure Vessels and strip for pressure vessels and for 0.04-0.10 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 118@100, 99.2@200, 88.1@300, 82@400, 79.2@500, 75.0@600
321 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti For General general applications. 0.08 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 123@100, 106@200, 94.5@300, 87.5@400, 83.9@500, 44.8@600
321H 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti Applications 0.04-0.10 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 123@100, 106@200, 94.5@300, 87.5@400, 83.9@500, 58.7@600
347 18Cr – 10Ni – Cb 0.08 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 126@100, 111@200, 99.8@300, 94.4@400, 92.4@500, 57.7@600
410S Martensitic 13Cr 0.08 415 205 / 2090 118@-30 to 100, 114@200, 111@300, 101@400, 69.7@500, 18@600 7

TP 304 18Cr – 8Ni 0.08 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 113@100, 95.7@200, 85.9@300, 79.2@400, 73.6@500, 65.4@600
TP 304L 18Cr – 8Ni 0.035 485 170 / 1733 115@-30 to 40, 97@100, 81.2@200, 72.3@300, 67.6@400, 63.4@500, 32.9@600
TP 304H 18Cr – 8Ni This specification covers 0.04-0.10 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 113@100, 95.7@200, 85.9@300, 79.2@400, 73.6@500, 65.4@600 1)RT will be as per UW-11.
TP 316 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo Specification For seamless, straight-seam welded, 0.08 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 118@100, 99.2@200, 88.1@300, 82@400, 79.2@500, 75.0@600 2) Joints of Categories A
Seamless and and heavily cold worked welded and B shall be of Type No. 1
SA-312 TP 316L 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo 0.035 485 170 / 1733 115@-30 to 40, 96.3@100, 81.2@200, 72.5@300, 67.5@400, 63.8@475 8 and 2 of Table UW-12. i.e.
Welded Austenitic austenitic stainless steel pipe
TP 316H 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo Stainless Steel Pipe intended for high-temperature 0.04-0.10 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 118@100, 99.2@200, 88.1@300, 82@400, 79.2@500, 75.0@600 Type 1: Butt joints as
TP 321 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti and general corrosive service. 0.08 485-515 170-205 attained by double-welding
115@-30 to 40, 102@100, 88.8@200, 79.0@300, 73.0@400, 69.8@500, 44.3@600 or by other means which will
TP 321H 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti 0.04-0.10 480-515 170-205 138@-30 to 40, 123@100, 106@200, 94.5@300, 87.5@400, 83.9@500, 58.7@600 PWHT is neither
obtain the same quality of
TP 347 18Cr – 10Ni – Cb 0.08 515 205 / 2090 required nor deposited weld metal on the
138@-30 to 40, 126@100, 111@200, 99.8@300, 94.4@400, 92.4@500, 57.7@600 1 prohibited as per
Table UHA-32 inside and outside weld
Seamless surfaces to agree with the
Pipe Page 262
requirements of UW-35.
This specification covers Welds using metal backing
seamless austenitic steel strips which remain in place
Specification For pipe intended for high- are excluded. Type 2: Single-
temperature central-station welded butt joint with
Seamless Austenitic
Steel Pipe For High- service. backing strip other than
SA-376 TP 321 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti Temperature Among the grades covered are 0.08 480-515 170-205 115@-30 to 40, 102@100, 88.8@200, 79.0@300, 73.0@400, 69.8@500, 44.3@600 8 those included under Type 1.
five H grades and two
Central-Station nitrogen grades (304N and
service
316N) that are specifically
intended for high-temperature
service.

F304 18Cr – 8Ni 0.08 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 113@100, 95.7@200, 85.9@300, 79.2@400, 73.6@500, 65.4@600
F304L 18Cr – 8Ni 0.03 485 170 / 1733 115@-30 to 40, 97@100, 81.2@200, 72.3@300, 67.6@400, 63.4@500, 32.9@600
F304H 18Cr – 8Ni Specification For 0.04-0.10 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 113@100, 95.7@200, 85.9@300, 79.2@400, 73.6@500, 65.4@600
This specification covers forged
Forgings F316 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo Forged or Low Alloy low alloy and stainless steel 0.08 515 205 / 2090
and Stainless Steel piping components for use in 138@-30 to 40, 118@100, 99.2@200, 88.1@300, 82@400, 79.2@500, 75.0@600
(Flanges, 316L 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo 0.03 485 170 / 1733 115@-30 to 40, 96.3@100, 81.2@200, 72.5@300, 67.5@400, 63.8@475
SA-182 Pipe Flanges, Forged 8
Fittings & Fittings, and Valves pressure systems. Included are
Valves) 316H 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo flanges, fittings, valves, and 0.04-0.10 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 118@100, 99.2@200, 88.1@300, 82@400, 79.2@500, 75.0@600
321 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti and Parts for High 0.08 515 205 / 2090
Temperature Service similar parts 138@-30 to 40, 123@100, 106@200, 94.5@300, 87.5@400, 83.9@500, 44.8@600
321H 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti 0.04-0.10 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 123@100, 106@200, 94.5@300, 87.5@400, 83.9@500, 58.7@600
347 18Cr – 10Ni – Cb 0.08 515 205 / 2090 138@-30 to 40, 126@100, 111@200, 99.8@300, 94.4@400, 92.4@500, 57.7@600

UW-11
(a) Full Radiography. The following welded joints shall be examined radiographically for their full length in the manner prescribed in UW-51: (1) all butt welds in the shell and heads of vessels used to contain lethal substances [see UW-2(a)]; (2) all butt welds in vessels in which the nominal thickness [see
(g) below] at the welded joint exceeds 11⁄2 in. (38 mm), or exceeds the lesser thicknesses prescribed in UCS-57, UNF-57, UHA-33, UCL-35, or UCL-36 for the materials covered therein, or as otherwise prescribed in UHT-57, ULW-51, ULW-52(d), ULW-54, or ULT-57; however, except as required by UHT-57(a),
Categories B and C butt welds in nozzles and communicating chambers that neither exceed NPS 10 (DN 250) nor 11⁄8 in. (29 mm) wall thickness do not require any radiographic examination; (3) all butt welds in the shell and heads of unfired steam boilers having design pressures exceeding 50 psi (350 kPa)
[see UW-2(c)];(4) all butt welds in nozzles, communicating chambers, etc., attached to vessel sections or heads that are required to be fully radiographed under (1) or (3) above; however, except as required by UHT-57(a), Categories B and C butt welds in nozzles and communicating chambers that neither
exceed NPS 10 (DN 250) nor 11⁄8 in. (29 mm) wall thickness do not require any radiographic examination; (5) all Category A and D butt welds in vessel sections and heads where the design of the joint or part is based on a joint efficiency permitted by UW-12(a), in which case: (a) Category A and B welds
connecting the vessel sections or heads shall be of Type No. (1) or Type No. (2) of Table UW-12; (b) Category B or C butt welds [but not including those in nozzles or communicating chambers except as required in (2) above] which intersect the Category A butt welds in vessel sections or heads or connect
seamless vessel sections or heads shall, as a minimum, meet the requirements for spot radiography in accordance with UW-52. Spot radiographs required by this paragraph shall not be used to satisfy the spot radiography rules as applied to any other weld increment. (6) all butt welds joined by electrogas
welding with any single pass greater than 11⁄2 in. (38 mm) and all butt welds joined by electroslag welding; (7) ultrasonic examination in accordance with UW-53 may be substituted for radiography for the final closure seam of a pressure vessel if the construction of the vessel does not permit interpretable
radiographs in accordance with Code requirements. The absence of suitable radiographic equipment shall not be justification for such substitution. (8) exemptions from radiographic examination for certain welds in nozzles and communicating chambers as described in (2), (4), and (5) above take
precedence over the radiographic requirements of Subsection C of this Division.(b) Spot Radiography. Except when spot radiography is required for Category B or C butt welds by (a)(5)(b) above, butt welded joints made in accordance with Type No. (1) or (2) of Table UW-12 which are not required to be
fully radiographed by (a) above, may be examined by spot radiography. Spot radiography shall be in accordance with UW-52. If spot radiography is specified for the entire vessel, radiographic examination is not required of Category B and C butt welds in nozzles and communicating chambers that exceed
neither NPS 10 (DN 250) nor 11⁄8 in. (29 mm) wall thickness. (c) No Radiography. Except as required in (a) above, no radiographic examination of welded joints is required when the vessel or vessel part is designed for external pressure only, or when the joint design complies with UW-12(c). (d)
Electrogas welds in ferritic materials with any single pass greater that 11⁄2 in. (38 mm) and electroslag welds in ferritic materials shall be ultrasonically examined throughout their entire length in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 12. This ultrasonic examination shall be done following the grain
refining (austenitizing) heat treatment or postweld heat treatment. (e) In addition to the requirements in (a) and (b) above, all welds made by the electron beam process shall be ultrasonically examined for their entire length in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 12. (f) When radiography is
required for a welded joint in accordance with (a) and (b) above, and the weld is made by the inertia and continuous drive friction welding processes, the welded joints shall also be ultrasonically examined for their entire length in accordance with Appendix 12. (g) For radiographic and ultrasonic
examination of butt welds, the definition of nominal thickness at the welded joint under consideration shall be the nominal thickness of the thinner of the two parts joined. Nominal thickness is defined in 3-2.
 Nominal Composition Min YS Minm UTS Cu
m
Material Material Grade (Mpa) (Mpa)
C (Max) Mn P (Max) S (Max) Si (Min.) Cr (Max) (Max) Mo (Max) Ni (Max) V (Max) N Ti Other Elements Remarks

SA 240 Gr 304 18Cr – 8Ni 205 515 0.08 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 18-20 8-10.5 0.1
SA 240 Gr 304L 18Cr – 8Ni 170 485 0.03 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 18-20 08-12 0.1
SA 240 Gr 304H 18Cr – 8Ni 205 515 0.04-0.1 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 18-20 08-10.5
SA 240 Gr 304N 18Cr – 8Ni-N 240 550 0.08 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 18-20 8-10.5 0.1-0.16
SA 240 Gr 304LN 18Cr – 8Ni-N 205 515 0.03 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 18-20 8-12 0.1-0.16

SA 240 Gr S310MoLN 25Cr – 22Ni –2Mo–N 0.02 2 0.03 0.01 0.5 24-26 - 1.6-2.6 20.5-23.5 0.09-0.15 -

SA 240 Gr 316 Austenitic grades (as per 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo 205 515 0.08 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 16-18 2-3 10-14 0.1
SA 240 Gr 316L table-1 in SA-240) 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo 170 485 0.03 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 16-18 2-3 10-14 0.1
SA 240 Gr 316H 16Cr – 12Ni –2Mo 205 515 0.04-0.10 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 16-18 2-3 10-14

SA 240 Gr 321 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti 205 515 0.08 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 17-19 9-12 0.1 Ti = 5*(C+N) Min. but
0.70 Max.
Ti = 4*(C+N) Min. but
SA 240 Gr 321H 18Cr – 10Ni – Ti 205 515 0.04-0.10 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 17-19 9-12
0.70 Max.

SA 240 Gr 347 18Cr – 10Ni – Cb 205 515 0.08 2 0.045 0.03 0.75 17-19 9-13 Cb = 10*C Min. but
1.0 Max.
SA 240 Gr 405 12Cr-Al 170 415 0.08 1 0.04 0.03 1 11.5-14.5 - - 0.6 - Al=0.1-0.3

Ferritic or Martensitic grade

SA 240 Gr 410S (UNS no. = (as per table-1 in SA-240);
S41008) Actually it is martensitic 13Cr 205 415 0.08 1 0.04 0.03 1 11.5-13.5 0.6 Martensitic
HAS grade

UNS 31803 Duplex 22Cr–5Ni–3Mo–N

SA 240 UNS S32205

(Common Name as per Duplex 22Cr–5Ni–3Mo–N
AISI=Gr.2205)

UNS J93380 SDSS

UNS 32550 SDSS 25Cr–5Ni–3Mo–2Cu

UNS 32760 SDSS 25Cr–7.5Ni–3.5Mo–N–Cu–W

UNS 39274 SDSS 25Cr–7Ni–3Mo–W–Cu–N

SA 240 UNS S32750 Super Duplex (As per EIL Spec

(Common Name as per it is Super DSS but code does 25Cr–7Ni–4Mo–N
AISI=Gr.2507) not use the word super)

SA 268 TP 410 (S41000) 205 415 0.15 1 0.04 0.03 1 11.5-13.5 - - - - -

SA-36 250 400

725 (For 860 (For

SA 193 Gr. B7 0.37-0.49 0.65-1.1 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.35 0.75-1.2 0.15-0.25 -
t<=64) t<=64)

550 (For 690 (For

SA 193 Gr. B7M 0.37-0.49 0.65-1.1 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.35 0.75-1.2 0.15-0.25 -
t<=64) t<=64)

Bolting & Nuts SA 193 Gr. B16 725 (For 860 (For 0.36-0.47 0.45-0.7 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.35 0.8-1.15 0.5-0.65
t<=64) t<=64)

SA 194 Gr. 2H

SA 194 Gr. 7 - - 0.37-0.49 0.65-1.1 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.35 0.75-1.2 0.15-0.25

SA 194 Gr. 4 - - 0.40-0.50 0.7-0.90 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.35 0.20-0.30

it is an special material which has been used by Saipem in Urea Reactor in the form of linning

it is called vanadium modified alloy steel. Vanadium modified 2 1/4Cr-1Mo and 3Cr-1Mo alloys used for the fabrication of hydroprocessing reactors offer a number of important advantages over the
corresponding conventional alloys. These include increased resistance to hydrogen attack, a lower susceptibility to temper embrittlement, increased resistance to weld overlay disbonding and higher
strength resulting in thinner and lighter reactors.

It is LTCS
It is very special MOC & used in APL job VHP Silencer (Ordered to PR Acoustical)
As per cl. 4.2(a) of 6-12-0030, these are stabilized grade of Stainless steel.

General Notes:
'L' in 304L means Low Carbon %
'N' in 304N means High Nitrogen %
"LN" in 304LN means Low Carbon & High Nitrogen %
SS 321 & 347 Grades do not have "321L" & "347L" grades
The terms Columbium (Cb) and Niobium (Nb) both relate to the same element.

Type 321 contains titanium to tie up the carbon and avoid chromium carbide precipitation in welding.
Type 347 – 348 have columbium tantalum added to tie up the carbon and avoid chromium carbide precipitation in welding. Use for temperatures from 800to 1650 degrees F.
carbide precipitation in welding. Use for temperatures from 800to 1650 degrees F.

For severe environments. Of course, there are many industrial processes that require a higher level of resistance to corrosion than Type 304 can offer. For these applications, Type 316 is the answer.

Type 316 is also austenitic, non-magnetic, and thermally nonhardenable stainless steel like Type 304. The carbon content is held to 0.08% maximum, while the nickel content is increased slightly. What
distinguishes Type 316 from Type 304 is the addition of molybdenum up to a maximum of 3%.

Molybdenum increases the corrosion resistance of this chromium-nickel alloy to withstand attack by many industrial chemicals and solvents, and, in particular, inhibits pitting caused by chlorides. As
such, molybdenum is one of the single most useful alloying additives in the fight against corrosion.

SS316

By virtue of the molybdenum addition, Type 316 can withstand corrosive attack by sodium and calcium brines, hypochlorite solutions, phosphoric acid; and the sulfite liquors and sulfurous acids used in
the paper pulp industry. This alloy, therefore, is specified for industrial equipment that handles the corrosive process chemicals used to produce inks, rayons, photographic chemicals, paper, textiles,
bleaches, and rubber. Type 316 is also used extensively for surgical implants within the hostile environment of the body.

Type 316 is the main stainless used in the marine environment, with the exception of fasteners and other items where strength and wear resistance are needed, then Type 304 (18-8) is typically used.
 Yield Strength
S. No. Material Remark Temp. (°C)
(MPa)
Minimum Tensile Strength = 860 MPa -30 to 40 724
Minimum Yield Strength = 725 MPa 65 698
100 671
125 658
150 648
175 640
Yield strength values are based on Line 200 632
no. 15 of Table Y-1 (page 574 to 742) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 225 623
250 614
SA-193 Gr B7 (t 275 605
1
<= 64) 300 595
Allowable stress values are based on Line 325 583
no. 32 of Table 3 (page 372 to 400) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 350 568
375 553
400 534
425 511
450 485
475 452
500 416
525 374

Minimum Tensile Strength = 690 MPa

Minimum Yield Strength = 550 MPa
SA-193 Gr B7M
(t <= 64) Yield strength values are based on Line
no. 9 of Table Y-1 (page 598 to 742) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010

Minimum Tensile Strength = 795 MPa -30 to 40 655

Minimum Yield Strength = 655 MPa 65 631
100 606
125 595
150 586
175 579
Yield strength values are based on Line 200 572
no. 11 of Table Y-1 (page 574 to 742) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 225 564
250 556
SA-193 Gr B7 275 547
2
(64 < t <= 100) 300 538
Allowable stress values are based on Line 325 527
no. 31 of Table 3 (page 372 to 400) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 350 514
375 501
400 483
425 463
450 439
475 401
 500 376
525 339

Minimum Tensile Strength = 690 MPa -30 to 40 517

Minimum Yield Strength = 515 MPa 65 498
100 479
125 470
150 463
175 457
Yield strength values are based on Line 200 451
no. 8 of Table Y-1 (page 574 to 742) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 225 445
250 438
SA-193 Gr B7 275 432
3
(100 <t<= 175) 300 425
Allowable stress values are based on Line 325 416
no. 28 of Table 3 (page 372 to 400) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 350 406
375 395
400 381
425 365
450 346
475 323
500 297
525 268

Minimum Tensile Strength = 860 MPa -30 to 40 724

Minimum Yield Strength = 725 MPa 65 711
100 696
125 688
150 680
175 672
Yield strength values are based on Line 200 664
no. 34 of Table Y-1 (page 574 to 742) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 225 656
250 648
SA-193 Gr B16 275 640
4
(t <= 64) 300 631
Allowable stress values are based on Line 325 623
no. 32 of Table 3 (page 372 to 400) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 350 613
375 603
400 592
425 579
450 565
475 547
500 528
525 503

Minimum Tensile Strength = 760 MPa -30 to 40 655

Minimum Yield Strength = 655 MPa 65 643
100 630
 125 622
150 615
175 608
Yield strength values are based on Line 200 600
no. 31 of Table Y-1 (page 574 to 742) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 225 593
250 586
SA-193 Gr B16 275 579
5
(64 < t <= 100) 300 571
Allowable stress values are based on Line 325 563
no. 32 of Table 3 (page 372 to 400) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 350 555
375 546
400 535
425 524
450 511
475 495
500 477
525 455

Minimum Tensile Strength = 690 MPa -30 to 40 586

Minimum Yield Strength = 585 MPa 65 575
100 563
125 557
150 551
175 544
Yield strength values are based on Line 200 538
no. 30 of Table Y-1 (page 574 to 742) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 225 531
250 525
SA-193 Gr B16 275 518
6
(100 <t<= 175) 300 511
Allowable stress values are based on Line 325 504
no. 28 of Table 3 (page 372 to 400) of
ASME Section II Part D 2010 350 496
375 488
400 479
425 469
450 457
475 443
500 427
525 407

Bolt MOC SA 675 GR.70 (as per table-1A of II-D)

Minimum Tensile Stress= 485 Mpa
Allowable Tensile Stress= 138 Mpa @ ambient

Minimum Yield Strength= 240 Mpa

Bearing plate MOC SA 516 GR.70

Minimum Tensile Strength= 485 Mpa

Allowable Stress value= 138 Mpa @ ambient

Minimum Yield Strength= 260 Mpa

Yield Strength Allowable Stress Allowable Stress
Temp. (°C)
(Kg/cm2) (MPa) (Kg/cm2)
7382 -30 to 375 172 1754
7116 400 162 1652
6841 425 146 1489
6709 450 118 1203
6607 475 92.7 945
6525 500 68.8 701
6444 525 43.6 445
6352 550 18.9 193
6260
6168
6066
5944
5791
5638
5444
5210
4945
4608
4241
3813

6678 -30 to 350 159 1621

6433 375 158 1611
6178 400 153 1560
6066 425 139 1417
5975 450 117 1193
5903 475 93 948
5832 500 68.6 699
5750 525 43.7 446
5669 550 18.9 193
5577
5485
5373
5240
5108
4924
4720
4476
4088
3833
3456

5271 -30 to 400 130 1325

5077 425 125 1274
4884 450 115 1172
4792 475 93.7 955
4720 500 68.4 697
4659 525 43.8 447
4598 550 18.9 193
4537
4466
4404
4333
4241
4139
4027
3884
3721
3528
3293
3028
2732

7382 -30 to 425 172 1754

7249 450 164 1672
7096 475 148 1509
7014 500 122 1244
6933 525 91.8 936
6851 550 60.8 620
6770 575 34.6 353
6688 600 13.7 140
6607
6525
6433
6352
6250
6148
6036
5903
5760
5577
5383
5128

6678 -30 to 425 152 1550

6556 450 147 1499
6423 475 133 1356
6342 500 114 1162
6270 525 90.4 922
6199 550 61.1 623
6117 575 34.5 352
6046 600 13.7 140
5975
5903
5822
5740
5658
5567
5455
5342
5210
5047
4863
4639

5975 -30 to 425 138 1407

5862 450 132 1346
5740 475 119 1213
5679 500 105 1071
5618 525 87.7 894
5546 550 61.7 629
5485 575 34.3 350
5414 600 13.8 141
5353
5281
5210
5139
5057
4975
4884
4782
4659
4517
4353
4150

Bolt MOC IS 2062 GR.B

Minimum Tensile Stress= 410 Mpa as per IS 2062 code
 Allowable Tensile Stress= not given in IS 2062 code but may be
taken as 117.142 Mpa (=1194.5 kg/cm^2g) @ ambient as per
formula given in 1-100 of mandatory appendix-1 of ASME Sec II-
part-D

Minimum Yield Strength= 230 Mpa for t > 40 mm as per IS 2062

code
Minimum Yield Strength= 240 Mpa for 20 mm ≤ t ≤ 40 mm as per
IS 2062 code
Minimum Yield Strength= 250 Mpa for t < 20 mm as per IS 2062
code