Science 7

Science – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Module 15: Aphelion and Perihelion
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Marlyn M. Mapalo
Editor: Rosalina B. Piamonte
Reviewers: Mylyn P. Gabriel
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Name
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD(EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez(Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao(AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD(MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. HerreraEdD(Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. IgnacioPhD(EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD(Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. TagulaoEdD(Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines byDepartment of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 15
Aphelion and Perihelion
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module 15 on Aphelion and Perihelion!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC)in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module 15 on Aphelion and Perihelion!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations – This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge aboutthe lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson- This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up- This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing- This partintegrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module is written for better understanding in the relationship of the

seasons and the position of the Sun in the sky.
After going through this module, you are expected to:

a. Differentiate aphelion and perihelion;

b. Relate the position of the Earth in its orbit to the distance of the Sun in the
Sky.
c. Recognize the effects of the position of the Earth’s orbit to the distance of the
sun in the sky in our environment.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. What do you call the point of the Earth’s orbit that is farthest away from the
sun?
a. Aphelion
b. Equinox
c. Perihelion
d. Solstice
2. Based in the diagram below, number 2 is described as ______________.

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perihelion
a. Aphelion
b. Equinox
c. Perihelion
d. Solstice
3. When does perihelion occur every year?
a. Everyday
b. Near January
c. Near July
d. Twice a year
4. How does perihelion and aphelion affect the Earth?
a. day and night
 b. higher temperature
c. occurrence of eclipses
d. season changes
5. What would happen if the Earth were too close to the sun?
a. Life is possible there.
b. No living things will survive.
c. Earth will move faster on its axis.
d. There will be too cold temperature.

RECAP

In your previous lesson, you encountered Why do seasons change?

Let us find out if you still remember it. Write TRUE if the statement is correct
and FALSE if it is not.

1. Earth is tilted on its axis 23.50.

2. If the Earth is tilted toward the sun, the season there is wet or cold.
3. Direct ray means that the rays of the sun hit the ground at 45 0.
4. In the figure below, Northern Hemisphere receives the direct rays of the
sun.

http://depedcsjdm.weebly.com/uploads/7/9/1/6/7916797/q4_module_3_seasons_and_eclipses.pdf

5. Seasons change because oblique rays of the sun shift from one
hemisphere to the other as the Earth goes around the sun.

LESSON

Earth is the third planet from the sun. It is our planet home, and the only
planet were there living things existing.
 In the last module, we encountered that Earth revolves around the Sun in an
elliptical orbit. It orbits the Sun at an average distance of 149.60 million km (92.96
million mi), and one complete orbit takes 365.25 days, during which time Earth has
traveled 940 million km (584 million mi).

As a result, Earth’s distance from sun varies. What will happen if the position of
the Earth’s orbit changes to the distance of the sun in the sky? What is the difference
between aphelion and perihelion?
These terms describe different points in the Earth’s orbit of the Sun.
The words come from Ancient Greek, in which helios means “Sun,” apo means
“far,” and peri means “close.” Aphelion is the point of the Earth’s orbit that
is farthest away from the Sun while Perihelion is the point of the Earth’s orbit that
is nearest to the Sun.

https://www.almanac.com/content/what-aphelion-and-perihelion

At perihelion, Earth will be 91,399,454 miles away from the Sun and
at aphelion, it will be 94,510,886 miles away from the Sun. As a result, the distance
between Earth and the sun varies by about 3% throughout the year.
When Earth reaches aphelion, the sun appears slightly smaller in the sky than at
any other time of year, though the difference is not noticeable to the naked eye.

https://www.quora.com/What-is-aphelion-and-perihelion
 https://epod.usra.edu/blog/2006/01/perihelion-and-aphelion-sun-comparison.html

At perihelion, the Southern hemisphere is in Summer and receives more

sunlight due to being slightly closer to the Sun. At aphelion the Northern hemisphere
is in Summer. As the Southern hemisphere is mainly ocean, it retains its heat during
the Winter months.
Is it the distance affects the seasons?
It is not the distance from the Sun that causes our seasons. Seasons happen
because Earth’s axis is tilted at an angle. It’s because Earth orbits the Sun on a tilt
that our planet gets more or less of the Sun’s direct rays at different times of the year.
(that was mention in Module 14).
When do Aphelion and Perihelion occur?
Aphelion always happens in early July, about two weeks after the June
solstice where Earth is farthest from the Sun. Perihelion always happens in early
January, about two weeks after the December Solstice where Earth is closest to
the Sun.
Does aphelion and perihelion affect temperature?
The average temperature of Earth at aphelion is about 4o F (2.3o C) higher
than it is at perihelion. Earth is less hot when we're farther from the Sun.
Since aphelion and perihelion affect the temperature, our daily activities will
also be affected.

ACTIVITIES

Module No. 15: Activity 1: Don’t compare me.

Learning Competency:
a. Differentiate aphelion and perihelion;
b. Relate the position of the Earth in its orbit to the distance of the Sun in
the Sky.
 A. Direction: Label the picture below.

B. Direction: Using Venn diagram, write the similarities and differences of

Aphelion and Perihelion. Choose your answer in the choice box below.

APHELION PERIHELION

Farthest away from the sun 91.4 million miles away from the sun

Nearest to the sun happens in early of January

Points in the Earth’s orbit of the sun 94.5 million miles away from the sun

happens in early of July

Module No.15: Activity 2: Does Distance really matter?

Direction: Tell whether the following year is in aphelion or perihelion.

https://phys.org/news/2015-07-earth-aphelion.html

Guide Questions:

1. Based in the table above, differentiate aphelion and perihelion.

_________________________________________________________________________.
2. How is the position of the Earth’s orbit related to the distance of the sun in
the sky?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

WRAP-UP

To summarize what you have learned, complete the paragraphs.

The position of the earth’s orbit is related to the distance of the Sun in the
Sky. There are two (2) points in the Earth’s orbit of the sun – aphelion and perihelion.
 ___________ comes from the Greek words “apo” which means _____ and
“helios” which means sun. It is the points of Earth’s orbit that is ______ away from
the sun with the distance of _______. When the Earth reaches aphelion, the sun
appears slightly ________.

Perihelion comes from the Greek words _______ which means close and _______
which means sun. It is the points of the Earth’s orbit that is _______ to the sun with
the distance of ________. When the Earth reaches perihelion, the sun appears slightly
_______.

Aphelion smaller far helios

Perihelion 91,399,454 miles farthest near

bigger 94,510,886 miles peri

VALUING

Module No. 15: Activity 3: Come to think of it!

The position of the Earth’s orbit is related to the distance of the sun in
the sky. If the Earth’s orbit is farther from the Sun, then it is hotter and vice
versa.

If the temperature is higher, it can greatly affect us – our lifestyles,

clothes, even the foods we eat.
Everything around us is affected by the hotter environment. What do you
think will happen if the temperature keeps on increasing?

POSTTEST

Read and answer the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. What are the two points in the Earth’s orbit of the sun?
a. Aphelion and Perihelion
b. Eclipse and Moon
c. Full moon and New moon
d. Solstice and Equinox
2. When the Earth is in perihelion, the sun appears _____________ .
a. bigger
 b. smaller
c. either a or b
d. no changes
3. The distance of the Earth’s orbit to the Sun varies every year. What is the
distance of the Earth away from the sun at Perihelion?
a. 91,399,454 miles
b. 94,510,886 miles
c. 89, 456,756 miles
d. 80, 123, 567 miles
4. If the Earth’s orbit is closer to the sun, then it is ______________.
a. Aphelion
b. Equinox
c. Perihelion
d. Solstice
5. How is the position of the Earth’s orbit related to the distance of the sun in
the sky?
a. The closer the Earth’s orbit from the sun, it is hotter.
b. The farther the Earth’s orbit from the sun, it is hotter.
c. The closer the Earth’s orbit from the sun, it is less hot.
d. The farther the Earth’s orbit from the sun, it is colder.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5) A 4) C 3) A 2) A 1) A
Posttest
5) False 4) True 3) False 2) False 1) True

Recap
5) B 4) B 3) B 2) C 1) A
Pre-Test

References
A. Books

Asuncion,et.al.2017. Science Learner’s Material 7 First Edition. Pasig City. FEP Printing
Corporation
Asuncion,et.al.2017. Science Teacher’s Guide Material 7 First Edition. Pasig City. FEP
Printing Corporation
Madriaga,et.al.2017. Science Links 7 Revised Edition. Rex Book Store, Inc.

B. Online and Electronic Resources

https://www.almanac.com/content/what-aphelion-and-perihelion

http://www.astropixels.com/ephemeris/perap2001.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_orbit

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perihelion

http://depedcsjdm.weebly.com/uploads/7/9/1/6/7916797/q4_module_3_seasons_and_ec
lipses.pdf

https://www.quora.com/What-is-aphelion-and-perihelion

https://epod.usra.edu/blog/2006/01/perihelion-and-aphelion-sun-comparison.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsis

https://phys.org/news/2015-07-earth-aphelion.html