Science 7

Science – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Module 14: Why Do the Seasons change?
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Marlyn M. Mapalo
Editor: Rosalina B. Piamonte
Reviewers: Mylyn P. Gabriel
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD(EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez(Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao(AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD(MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. HerreraEdD(Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. IgnacioPhD(EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD(Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. TagulaoEdD(Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines byDepartment of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 14
Why Do the Seasons change?
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module 14 on Why Do the Seasons change?!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC)in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module 14 on Why Do the Seasons change?!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations – This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge aboutthe lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson- This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up- This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing- This partintegrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module is written for better understanding in the relationship of the

seasons and the position of the Sun in the sky.
After going through this module, you are expected to:

a. Relate the tilt of the Earth to the length of daytime and to the amount of
energy received.
b. Explain the reasons why seasons change.
c. Recognize how Seasons affects our lives.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. What effect does the tilting of the earth have?

a. When the Earth is tilted away from the sun, we have day.
b. When the Earth is tilted away from the sun, we have a night.
c. It changes the angle that the Sun strikes the Earth in different land
areas.
d. It causes the Earth to be farther away from the Sun at different times
of the year.
2. What do direct rays mean?

https://www.thinglink.com/scene/436173707400970242

a. The rays of the sun hit the ground at 30 degrees.

b. The rays of the sun hit the
c. The rays of the sun hit the
d. The rays of the sun hit the
3. Based in the picture below, in
toward the sun?
ground at 60 degrees.
ground at 90 degrees.
ground at 1200 degrees.
which month is the North pole tilted
 https://dochub.com/eveliasadullo/qA8ldYxVEL4OnPK6MJrpPj/m3-unit-4-g7
a. December
b. June
c. March
d. September
4. Which hemisphere receives direct rays of from the sun?

http://depedcsjdm.weebly.com/uploads/7/9/1/6/7916797/q4_module_3_seasons_and_eclipses.pdf

a. Northern hemisphere
b. Southern hemisphere
c. Western hemisphere
d. Eastern hemisphere
5. The Earth's tilt plays a very important role in our seasons. Which of the
following is an effect of earth’ tilted on its axis?
a. Dry and Wet seasons
b. El Niño
c. Eclipse
d. La Niña

RECAP

In your previous lesson, you encountered the Earth’s movement with respect
to the sun.

Let us find out if you still remember it. Name the following pictures.
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/6h.html

https://www.learn4yourlife.com/earths-rotation.html

https://www.kindpng.com/imgv/TbRJmbo_earth-with-axis-tilted-toward-
sun-free-clipart/

https://www.solarsystemscope.com/spacepedia/earth/orbital-
and-rotational-characteristics-of-earth

https://www.123rf.com/photo_10255414_countryside-view-
in-the-daytime-and-nighttime-with-the-sun-and-the-moon-in-
cartoon-style.html
 LESSON

In the previous discussion, we encountered that the Earth is rotating on its

axis and revolving around the sun. In connection with this, we are experiencing
daytime and nighttime. Aside from that, we also experiencing different seasons –
rainy and dry seasons.
What is seasons and why do seasons occur?

https://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/skytellers/seasons/

Seasons are short periods of climate change caused by changes in the amount
of solar radiation (sunlight) an area receives. It occurs because the Earth is tilted on
its axis. Earth is not perpendicular to the plane of its orbit; it is tilted from the vertical
by 23.5 degrees.

What’s the angle got to do with it? What is the difference between direct rays
and oblique rays?

“Direct rays” means that the rays of the Sun hit the ground at 90°. The rays
are vertical or perpendicular to the ground. When the Sun’s rays strike the ground
at a high angle, the ground receives a greater amount of solar energy than when the
rays are inclined. The result is greater warming.

On the other hand, when the Sun’s rays come in at an oblique angle, the
ground will receive a lesser amount of solar energy. That’s because at lower angles,
solar energy will be distributed over a wider area. The place will then experience less
heating up.
 http://depedcsjdm.weebly.com/uploads/7/9/1/6/7916797/module_3b.pdf

Based in the picture below, In the month of June, the North pole is tilted
toward the Sun. The Northern Hemisphere will then receive direct rays from the sun.
When the sun rays hit the ground directly, the place will become warmer than when
the rays are oblique. Therefore, it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere currently.

http://depedcsjdm.weebly.com/uploads/7/9/1/6/7916797/q4_module_3_seasons_and_eclipses.pdf

But the Earth is not stationary, that was mentioned in the last module. The
Earth goes around the Sun. What happens when the Earth has moved to the other
side of the Sun?

http://depedcsjdm.weebly.com/uploads/7/9/1/6/7916797/q4_module_3_seasons_and_eclipses.pdf

In December, the North Pole will be pointing away from the Sun. The Northern
Hemisphere will no longer receive direct rays from the Sun. The Northern Hemisphere
will then experience a time of cold. For temperate countries in the Northern
Hemisphere, it will be winter. In tropical Philippines, it is simply the cold season.

You know that there are 24 hours in a day. The length of daytime changes
from month to month.

When the North Pole is tilted toward the Sun, daytime will be longer than
nighttime in the Northern Hemisphere.

What happens when daytime is longer than nighttime and vice versa?

The time of heating up during the day will be longer than the time of cooling
down at night. The Northern Hemisphere steadily warms up and the result is
summer. At the same time, in the Southern Hemisphere, the opposite is happening.
Nights are longer than daytime. It is winter there.
 But when the Earth has moved farther along its orbit, the North Pole will then
be tilted away from the Sun. Nighttime will then be longer than daytime in the
Northern Hemisphere. There would be a shorter time for heating up and longer time
to cool down. The result is winter in the Northern Hemisphere. In tropical Philippines,
it is the cold season. Meanwhile, it will be summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

The shorter the length of daytime, the lesser the amount of energy received.
The longer the length of daytime, the higher the amount of energy received. The
shorter the length of daytime, the shorter will be the exposure of the earth on the
sun causing lesser amount of solar energy.

The Earth's tilt plays a very important role in our lives. It changes lifestyles,
even the clothes we wear and our daily activities.

ACTIVITIES

Module No. 14: Activity 1: Come to think of it.

Learning Competency:
• Using models, relate:
*the tilt of the Earth to the length of daytime
*the length of daytime to the amount of energy received.

Direction:

A. Analyze the picture below. Then, answer the following questions.

1. In which month is the North pole tilted toward the sun - June or December?
___________________________________________________________________
2. In which month is the North pole tilted away from the sun - June or
December?
___________________________________________________________________
3. In the month of June, which hemisphere receives direct rays from the sun –
Northern or Southern hemispheres?
 ___________________________________________________________________
4. In the month of December, which hemisphere receives direct rays from the
sun – Northern or Southern hemispheres?
___________________________________________________________________
B. Study the table below. Then answer the following questions.
Day Sunrise Sunset Length of
daytime
Jan. 10, 2020 6:30 AM 5:30 PM 11 h 0 m
Feb. 10, 2020 6:25 AM 5:45 PM 11 h 20 m
Mar. 10, 2020 5:58 AM 6:00 PM 12 h 2 m
Apr. 10, 2020 5:59 AM 6:05 PM 12 h 6 m
May 10, 2020 5:45 AM 6: 13 PM 12 h 28 m
June 10, 2020 5: 27 AM 6:28 PM 13 h 1 m
July, 10, 2020 5:36 AM 6:28 PM 12 h 52 m
Aug. 10, 2020 5:39 AM 6:20 PM 12 h 41 m
Sep. 10, 2020 5: 43 AM 6:18 PM 12 h 35 m
Oct. 10, 2020 5:49 AM 6:00 PM 12 h 11 m
Nov. 10, 2020 6:00 AM 5:25 PM 11 h 25 m
Dec. 10, 2020 5:45 AM 5:35 PM 11 h 50 m

5. Compare the time of sunrise on June 10, 2020 with that on December 10,
2020. On which day did the sun rise earlier?
_______________________________________________________________________
6. Compare the time of sunset on June 10, 2020 with that on December 10,
2020. On which day did the sun set later?
_______________________________________________________________________
7. When was daytime the longest?
_______________________________________________________________________
8. When was daytime the shortest?
_______________________________________________________________________
The longer the length of daytime, the hotter. The shorter the length of daytime,
the colder.
9. When was the day the hottest?
_______________________________________________________________________
10. When was the day the coldest?
_______________________________________________________________________

Module No. 14: Activity 2: Why, oh, why?

Based on the following pictures, explain why do seasons change?

1.
 ____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________

2.

______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________

3.

_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________

WRAP-UP

To summarize what you have learned, complete the paragraphs.

There are two (2) seasons in the Philippines namely __________ and ________
seasons. Why do seasons change?

There are different reasons of its changes. The first one is the Earth is tilted
on its axis, ________. The second one is the Earth’s ______________ on it’s ___________
around the sun. And the third one is the length of daytime and ___________.

If the ________ is longer than the nighttime, the season there is _____________

And if the nighttime is ________ than the daytime, the season there is ______________.
 revolution daytime Wet season (cold)
orbit longer
23.50 nighttime Dry season (summer)

VALUING

Module No. 14: Activity 3: Season to season

All living things are affected by the varying seasons. It affects our whole life.
Kindly list down the different activities you can do in the different seasons.

Summer Cold

POSTTEST

Read and answer the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Earth is tilted on its axis ____________.

a. 2.350
b. 2.450
c. 23.50
d. 24.50
2. When it is summer in Southern Hemisphere, which of the following best
describes the tilting of the Earth in the Northern Hemisphere?
a. towards the Sun
b. away from the Sun
c. towards or away from the Sun
d. neither toward nor away from the Moon
3. Earth’s seasons are caused by which of the following?
a. The varying amount of sunspot activity
b. The rotation of the Earth during a 24- hour day
c. The Earth’s orbit around the Sun as an ellipse rather than a circle
d. The tilt of the Earth’s axis of rotation relative to the ecliptic as Earth
revolves the Sun
4. Why do Seasons change in the Philippines?
a. The sun is directed to the southern hemisphere only.
b. The sun is somehow tilted to both Northern and Southern hemispheres.
c. Seasons change because the Earth is stationary directing its rays to
Northern hemisphere always.
d. Seasons change because direct rays of the sun shift from one hemisphere
to the other as the Earth goes around the sun.
5. Seasons greatly affects our lives. Which of the following is NOT correct when
it is summer?
a. Wearing light colors and thin shirts.
b. Wearing thick clothes.
c. Going to beaches
d. Drinking cold beverages.
 KEY TO CORRECTION
5) B 4) D 3) D 2) B 1) C
Posttest

5) daytime 4) orbit 2) revolution 3) axis 1) rotation

Recap
5) A 4) A 3) B 2) C 1) D
Pre-Test

References
A. Books

Asuncion,et.al.2017. Science Learner’s Material 7 First Edition. Pasig City. FEP Printing
Corporation
Asuncion,et.al.2017. Science Teacher’s Guide Material 7 First Edition. Pasig City. FEP
Printing Corporation
Madriaga,et.al.2017. Science Links 7 Revised Edition. Rex Book Store, Inc.

B. Online and Electronic Resources

https://www.thinglink.com/scene/436173707400970242

https://dochub.com/eveliasadullo/qA8ldYxVEL4OnPK6MJrpPj/m3-unit-4-g7
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/6h.html
https://www.learn4yourlife.com/earths-rotation.html

https://www.kindpng.com/imgv/TbRJmbo_earth-with-axis-tilted-toward-sun-free-clipart/

https://www.solarsystemscope.com/spacepedia/earth/orbital-and-rotational-
characteristics-of-earth

https://www.123rf.com/photo_10255414_countryside-view-in-the-daytime-and-nighttime-
with-the-sun-and-the-moon-in-cartoon-style.html

https://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/skytellers/seasons/

http://depedcsjdm.weebly.com/uploads/7/9/1/6/7916797/module_3b.pdf

http://depedcsjdm.weebly.com/uploads/7/9/1/6/7916797/q4_module_3_seasons_and_ec
lipses.pdf