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    Dehydration is caused by a loss of body fluids and electrolytes through vomiting, diarrhea, blood loss, excessive sweating, or low fluid intake. This leads to hypovolemia and a physiological disturbance characterized by symptoms like sunken eyes, dry mouth, headache, and poor skin turgor. Diagnosis involves tests that can detect high hematocrit, low sodium and high urea levels from fluid loss and a concentrated, dark urine. Treatment focuses on fluid replacement and management of the underlying cause.

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    Dehydration is caused by a loss of body fluids and electrolytes through vomiting, diarrhea, blood loss, excessive sweating, or low fluid intake. This leads to hypovolemia and a physiological disturbance characterized by symptoms like sunken eyes, dry mouth, headache, and poor skin turgor. Diagnosis involves tests that can detect high hematocrit, low sodium and high urea levels from fluid loss and a concentrated, dark urine. Treatment focuses on fluid replacement and management of the underlying cause.

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    690 views1 page

    Concept Map

    Uploaded by

    adriana
    Dehydration is caused by a loss of body fluids and electrolytes through vomiting, diarrhea, blood loss, excessive sweating, or low fluid intake. This leads to hypovolemia and a physiological disturbance characterized by symptoms like sunken eyes, dry mouth, headache, and poor skin turgor. Diagnosis involves tests that can detect high hematocrit, low sodium and high urea levels from fluid loss and a concentrated, dark urine. Treatment focuses on fluid replacement and management of the underlying cause.

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    Sunken eyes Dry oral cavity Dehydration is a physiologic Fluid and electrolyte loss due to: BODY FLUIDS

    te loss due to: BODY FLUIDS ELECTROLYTES


    Cracked lips disturbance caused by a reduction
    or translocation of body fluids ➢ Vomiting
    leading to hypovolemia. ➢ Diarrhea
    Headache ➢ Blood loss
    ➢ Excessive sweating
    SYMPTOMS ECF(20%) ICF(40%)
    ➢ Less intake of water and fluids
    CAUSES
    DEFINITION ➢ Some diseases like diabetes ISF(15%)
    Poor skin turgor mellitus
    IVF(5%)

    DEHYDRATION

    VITAL SIGNS 1. FULL BLOOD COUNT Volume of fluid in blood


    MECHANISM
    ➢ High pulse rate • Hematocrit HIGH RBC’S per volume of fluid
    ➢ Increased temperature
    ➢ Decreased blood pressure Internal or external fluid loss • Red Blood Cell count LOW oxygen levels
    ➢ Increased respiratory rate 2. RENAL PROFILE
    Decreased intravascular fluid volume INVESTIGATION
    ➢ Delayed CRT (>2 sec)
    Decreased venous return • Urea HIGH Reabsorption of water along nephron

    Reduced preload DEGREE • Na+ LOW Tubular urea concentration


    TYPES
    Decreased stroke volume 3. URINE ANALYSIS Loss of body fluids
    Poor perfusion
    Decreased cardiac output • Color DARKER/AMBER Urine is too
    Decreased mean arterial blood pressure concentrated
    • Specific Gravity HIGH
    Decreased tissue perfusion

    Peripheral Reduced oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells


    vasoconstriction

    MANAGEMENT

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