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Introduction to Algebra
STE Quarter 4 – Module 2:
The Domain and Range of
Relations and Functions
Introduction to Algebra – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Module 2: Domain and Range of Relations and Functions
First Edition, 2020

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Introduction to Algebra
Quarter 4 – Module 2: The
Domain and Range of Relations
and Functions
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on
any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in
answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are
done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this
material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Lesson
The Domain and Range
1
.
Let Us Learn
Welcome students! At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
 Finds the domain and range of a function

Let Us Try
Directions: Before we venture into the new lesson, let us check your
prior knowledge regarding the topic on systems of linear inequalities.
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Find the range and domain of the equation:

2 x+1
y=
3−x

a. Domain = { x| x ≠−3 } ; Range = { y| y >1 }

a. Domain = { x| x ≠ 3 } ; Range = { y| y ≠−2 }
c. Domain = { x| x ≠ 3 } ; Range = { y| y ≠2 }
d. Domain = { x| x ≠−3 } ; Range = { y| y ≠2 }

2. Find the range and domain of the equation:

3 x 2− y +5=0

a. Domain = { x| x ≠−3 } ; Range = { y| y >1 }

a. Domain = { x| x ≠ 5} ; Range = { y| y ≠2 }
c. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ≥5 }
d. Domain = { x| x ≠ 5} ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }

3. Find the range and domain of the equation:

2 x− y +4=0

a. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }
a. Domain = { x| x ≥ 2} ; Range = { y| y=4 }
c. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ≥5 }
d. Domain = { x| x ≠ 5} ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }

4. Find the range and domain of the equation:

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y=
x +3
a. Domain = { x| x ≠−3 } ; Range = { y| y ≠0 }
a. Domain = { x| x ≥−3 } ; Range = { y| y=0 }
c. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ≥0 }
d. Domain = { x| x ≠ 0 } ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }

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 5. Find the range and domain of the equation:

y=x −4

a. Domain = { x| x ≠−4 } ; Range = { y| y ≠0 }

a. Domain = { x| x ≥−4 } ; Range = { y| y=0 }
c. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }
d. Domain = { x| x ≥ 4 } ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }

Let Us Study
We previously defined in Module 1 the terms domain and range. The
domain of a function is the set of all first coordinates of the ordered
pairs in a relation (or function) while the range of a function is the set of all
second coordinates.
Previously, we expressed functions and relations in different forms like a
graph, a set of points, or a mapping diagram. However, in algebra, relations
and functions are more commonly expressed as equations. Finding the domain
and range of a function in equation form is complex compared to mapping
diagrams and graphs. In this lesson and in succeeding lessons, we will
visualize relations as equations and learn the procedure of finding its domain
and range.

EXAMPLE 1

Find the domain and range of x 2+ y−3=0.

Solution:

1. To find the domain of this relation, we solve for y.

x 2+ y−3=0 Given
y=3−x 2 Isolate y by the Addition and
Subtraction Property of Equality

Observe that the value of y will always be real regardless of the value of
x. Therefore, the domain is

Domain = { x| x ∈ R }

2. To find the range of this relation, we solve for x.

x 2+ y−3=0 Given
x 2=3− y 2
Isolate x by the Addition and
Subtraction Property of Equality
√ x=± √3− y Extract the square root of both sides
x=± √ 3− y Final

See that if the value of y becomes bigger than 3, then the radicand
would become negative. In this case, the root will become imaginary.
Therefore, y cannot have values greater than three. It must only have values
less than or equal to 3. In symbols:

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 Range = { y| y ≤3 }

EXAMPLE 2

3 x−2
Find the domain and range of y= .
x +3

Solution:

1. To find the domain of this relation, we solve for y.

3 x−2 Given
y=
x +3

The given equation is already expressed as the value of y. Remember

3 x −2
that division by 0 is undefined. Therefore, the denominator of which is
x+3
3 x −2
x +3 cannot be equal to 0. To determine which value of x makes
x+3
undefined, we equate x +3 to 0.

x +3=0
x=−3

3 x −2
Therefore, x=−3 makes undefined. It should not be included in
x+3
the domain. Thus, the domain of the function is the set of all real numbers
except -3.

Domain = { x| x ≠−3 }

2. To find the range of this relation, we solve for x.

3 x−2 Given
y=
x +3
y ( x+3 )=3 x−2 Cross multiplication
xy +3 y=3 x−2 Distributive Property of
Multiplication
xy−3 x=−3 y −2 Group the terms with the x-variable
in the left side by using the Addition
and Subtraction Property of Equality
x ( y −3 )=−3 y −2 Factor out the x-variable
−3 y−2 Divide both sides by ( y−3)
x=
y−3

Again, remember that division by zero is undefined. Therefore ( y−3 )

cannot be equal to 0. We equate ( y−3) to zero to find out what value makes
−3 y−2
undefined.
y−3

y−3=0
y=3

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 −3 y−2
Therefore, y=3 makes undefined. It should not be included in
y−3
the range. Thus, the range of the relation/function is the set of all real
numbers except 3.

Range = { y| y ≠3 }

Let Us Practice
Directions: Find the domain and range of the given relations in the
form of equations.

PRACTICE PROBLEM 1

Find the domain and range of x 2+ y−4=2.

Solution:

1. To find the domain of this relation, we solve for y.

Equation Reason

Given
y =¿ ¿

Therefore, the domain is

Domain = { x|¿ }

2. To find the range of this relation, we solve for x.

Equation Reason

Given
2 2
x =¿ ¿ Isolate x by the Addition and
Subtraction Property of Equality
Extract the square root of both sides
Final

The range must only have values that are _____________________. In

symbols:

Range = { y|¿ }

PRACTICE PROBLEM 2

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Find the domain and range of y=
x−1

Solution:

1. To find the domain of this relation, we solve for y.

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 Equation Reason

Given
y =¿ ¿

Therefore, the domain is

Domain = { x|¿ }

2. To find the range of this relation, we solve for x.

Equation Reason

Given

Final

The range must only have values that are _____________________. In

symbols:

Range = { y|¿ }

Let Us Practice More

Directions: Seven mathematician friends go on an expedition trip to
Uraya’s Peak, Talaingod where they will spend a week for summer
retreat. To pass the time while biking up the hill to their destination, they
decide to play a game. Each of the seven friends will choose an equation. Then
they will find the domain and range of their assigned equations. Whoever has
the following domain and range will not pay for their accommodation in Uraya’s
Peak:

Domain={ x|x ∈ R }
Range= { y| y ∈ R }

Ivan: x + y−1=0 Gretchen: 2 x−4 y−1=0

1 Howard: x 2− y +7=0
Lisa: y=
x
2 x−1 Ramon: x− y =0
Lorna: y=
x
1
Resty: y=
x−5

Let Us Remember
In finding the domain and range of a relation or function,
remember the following:

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1. When finding the domain, find the value of y.
2. When finding the range, find the value of x.

Let Us Assess
Directions: Answer the following questions.
1. Find the range and domain of the equation:

2 x+1
y=
3−x

a. Domain = { x| x ≠−3 } ; Range = { y| y >1 }

a. Domain = { x| x ≠ 3 } ; Range = { y| y ≠−2 }
c. Domain = { x| x ≠ 3 } ; Range = { y| y ≠2 }
d. Domain = { x| x ≠−3 } ; Range = { y| y ≠2 }

2. Find the range and domain of the equation:

3 x 2− y +5=0

a. Domain = { x| x ≠−3 } ; Range = { y| y >1 }

a. Domain = { x| x ≠ 5} ; Range = { y| y ≠2 }
c. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ≥5 }
d. Domain = { x| x ≠ 5} ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }

3. Find the range and domain of the equation:

2 x− y +4=0

a. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }
a. Domain = { x| x ≥ 2} ; Range = { y| y=4 }
c. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ≥5 }
d. Domain = { x| x ≠ 5} ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }

4. Find the range and domain of the equation:

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y=
x +3
a. Domain = { x| x ≠−3 } ; Range = { y| y ≠0 }
a. Domain = { x| x ≥−3 } ; Range = { y| y=0 }
c. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ≥0 }
d. Domain = { x| x ≠ 0 } ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }
5. Find the range and domain of the equation:

y=x −4

a. Domain = { x| x ≠−4 } ; Range = { y| y ≠0 }

a. Domain = { x| x ≥−4 } ; Range = { y| y=0 }
c. Domain = { x| x ∈ R } ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }
d. Domain = { x| x ≥ 4 } ; Range = { y| y ∈ R }

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 Let Us Enhance
Directions: Complete the table below. First, sketch the graph of the
relation/function through graphing software such as Geogebra or
Desmos. Using that graph, determine whether the relation is a function or not.
Then determine the domain and range of the given relation.

Relation Function or Domain Range

not?

x− y −1=0
2 x−6 y=0
2
y=
x−6
1
y=
x +4
y=x −5

Let Us Reflect
Answer the following questions.

1. What is the most difficult aspect of finding the domain and range of a
relation?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. How will you make yourself ready to take on even more complicated forms of
relations in terms of finding their domains and ranges?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

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Answer Key

1. Answer 6. Answer 1. Answer

2. A
3. B 7. A 2. A
4. C 8. B 3. B
5. d
9. C 4. C
10. d 5. d

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References

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