ACCIDENT RECOGNITION THROUGH

CRASH DETECTION AND ALERTING

SYSTEM USING GSM

Minor project report submitted

in partial fulfillment of the requirement for award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Computer Science & Engineering

By

D.SRIKAR (18UECS0244)
B.SIVAKUMAR (18UECS0151)
V.SHIVA SAI (18UECS0888)

Under the guidance of

Dr.A.PRAKASH,M.E.,Ph.D,
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING
VEL TECH RANGARAJAN Dr.SAGUNTHALA R&D
INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(Deemed to be University Estd u/s 3 of UGC Act, 1956)
Accredited by NAAC with A Grade
CHENNAI 600 062, TAMILNADU, INDIA
June,2021
 CERTIFICATE

It is certified that the work contained in the project report titled “ACCIDENT
RECOGNITION THROUGH CRASH DETECTION AND ALERTING SYSTEM USING
GSM” by “D. SRIKAR (18UECS0244), B. SIVA KUMAR (18UECS0151), V. SHIVA
SAI(18UECS0888)” has been carried out under my/our supervision and this work has not
been submitted elsewhere for a degree.

Signature of Supervisor
Dr.A.PRAKASH
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
Computer Science & Engineering
School of Computing
Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D
Institute of Science and Technology
June,2021

Signature of Head of the Department

Dr. V. Srinivasa Rao
Professor & Head
Computer Science & Engineering
School of Computing
Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D
Institute of Science and Technology
June,2021

i
 DECLARATION
We declare that this written submission represents my ideas in our own words and
where others’ ideas or words have been included, we have adequately cited and ref-
erenced the original sources. We also declare that we have adhered to all principles of
academic honesty and integrity and have not misrepresented or fabricated or fal- sified
any idea/data/fact/source in our submission. We understand that any violation of the
above will be cause for disciplinary action by the Institute and can also evoke penal
action from the sources which have thus not been properly cited or from whom proper
permission has not been taken when needed.

(Signature)
(D.SRIKAR)
Date: / /

(Signature)
(B.SIVA KUMAR)
Date: / /

(Signature)
(V.SHIVA SAI)
Date: / /

ii
 APPROVAL SHEET

This project report entitled ACCIDENT RECOGNITION THROUGH CRASH

DETECTION AND ALERTING SYSTEM USING GSM by D.SRIKAR
(18UECS0244), B.SIVA KUMAR(18UECS0151) , V.SHIVA SAI(18UECS0888) is
approved for the degree of B.Tech in Computer Science & Engineering.

Examiners Supervisor

Dr.A.PRAKASH,M.E.,Ph.D.,
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

Date: / /
Place:

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express our deepest gratitude to our respected Founder Chancellor and Pres-
ident Col. Prof. Dr. R. RANGARAJAN B.E. (EEE), B.E. (MECH), M.S (AUTO).
DSc., Foundress President Dr. R. SAGUNTHALA RANGARAJAN M.B.B.S.
Chairperson Managing Trustee and Vice President.

We are very much grateful to our beloved Vice Chancellor Prof. S. SALIVA-
HANAN, for providing us with an environment to complete our project successfully.

We record indebtedness to our Dean & Head, Department of Computer Science

and Engineering Dr. V. SRINIVASA RAO, M.Tech., Ph.D., for immense care and
encouragement towards us throughout the course of this project.

We also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to Our Internal
Supervisor Supervisor name,degree.,(in capital letters) for her cordial support,
valuable information and guidance, he helped us in completing this project through
various stages.

A special thanks to our Project Coordinators Mr. V. ASHOK KUMAR, M.Tech.,

Ms. C. SHYAMALA KUMARI, M.E., Ms.S.FLORENCE, M.Tech., for their
valuable guidance and support throughout the course of the project.

We thank our department faculty, supporting staff and friends for their help and
guidance to complete this project.

D.SRIKAR (18UECS0244)
B.SIVAKUMAR (18UECS0151)
V.SHIVA SAI (18UECS0888)

iv
 ABSTRACT

When an individual riding his/her Vehicle, meets with a mishap, quite

possibly the individual may experience the ill effects of genuine damage
or lapse immediately and there is nobody around to help him. Well, this
project is an answer to the issue. The system acts as an accident
avoidance and detection system that gathers all the information and
sends it to the close person or anyone whose number the driver as
assigned. In this task, Arduino is utilized for controlling entire the
procedure with a GPS (Global positioning system) Receiver and GSM
(Global system for mobile communication) module. GPS Receiver is
utilized for identifying directions of the vehicle, GSM module is
utilized for sending the ready SMS with the directions and the
connection to Google Map.

Keywords:
Arduino Mega, GSM, GPS, LCD, Accelerometer, Vibration Sensor,
Bread board.

v
 LIST OF FIGURES

4.1 Architecture Diagram ......................................... 7

4.2 Data Flow Diagram ............................................. 9
4.3 Module Description… .................................. 10-11

5.1 Test Image ..................................................................... 12

6.1 Input design .................................................................. 12

6.2 Output 2 ........................................................................ 13

vi
 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND
ABBREVIATIONS

GPS Global positioning system

GSM Global system for mobile communications

LCD Liquid crystal display

vii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page. No

ABSTRACT v

LIST OF FIGURES vii

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS viii

1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction .................................................................... 1
1.2 Aim of the project .......................................................... 2
1.3 Project Domain .............................................................. 2
1.4 Scope of the Project ....................................................... 2

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 3

3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 4
3.1 Existing System ......................................................... 4
3.2 Proposed System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
3.3 Feasibility Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.3.1 Economic Feasibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.3.2 Technical Feasibility . . . . . . . . . . . .5
 3.3.3 Social Feasibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.4 System Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.4.1 Hardware Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.4.2 Software Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
3.4.3 Standards and Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

4 MODULE DESCRIPTION 7
4.1 General Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
4.2 Design Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.2.1 Data Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

5 IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING 12

5.1 Input and Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
5.1.1 Input Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
5.1.2 Output Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
5.2 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
5.3 Types of Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
5.3.1 Unit testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
5.3.2 Integration testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
5.3.3 Functional testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
5.3.4 White Box Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
5.3.5 Black Box Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
5.3.6 Test Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
5.4 Testing Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 16
6.1 Efficiency of the Proposed System ................................. 16
6.2 Comparison of Existing and Proposed System ............... 16
6.3 Advantages of the Proposed System .............................. 17
6.4 Sample Code .................................................................. 17

7 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS 18

7.1 Conclusion ..................................................................... 18
7.2 Future Enhancements ..................................................... 18

8 PLAGIARISM REPORT 20

9 SOURCE CODE & POSTER PRESENTATION 21

9.1 Source code ............................................................... 20-27
9.2 Poster Presentation ......................................................... 28

References 29
 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

• The main objective i.e., “ACCIDENT RECOGNITION THROUGH

CRASH DETECTION AND ALERTING SYSTEM USING GSM”
is to save victim from the death. It can be used as a crash or rollover
identifier of the vehicle amid death. According to this project when a
vehicle meets with an accident immediately vibration sensor will
detect the signal and informs microcontroller. The GSM module
transmitting this accident data along with the exact location of victim
through google maps link. The concern person can immediately trace
the location through the GPS modem and when the person can
immediately save the victim.

1.2 Aim of the project

Aim of the project is to help the victim, who met with an accident
we can save the life of the victim with the help of this system, by
fixing this system to the vehicle.

1
1.3 Project Domain

In the real world we are seeing many accidents occurring in the

surroundings so the victim may be far from the place where he can get
proper help from the people so in case of emergency, they may die
due to lack of information about accident.

So, the proposed system can give the person information along with
the location so we can save him and he can get treatment in proper
time.

1.4 Scope of the project

This system can be used in automotive and transport vehicles.This
system is utilized as crash detector which can be fixed in vehicles.

2
 Chapter 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

• Sri Krishna Chaitanya Varma, Poornesh, Tarun Varma, Harsha,

“Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection and Messaging System Using
GPS and GSM Modems”, International Journal of Scientific &
Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 8, August 2016

• Uday Kumar, R., Khanaa, V., & Saravanan, T. (2013). Analysis of

polarization mode dispersion in fibers and its mitigation using an
optical compensation technique. Indian Journal of Science and
Technology, 6(6), 4767-4771.

• “Vehicle Accident Detection and Reporting System Using GPS And

GSM.” by AboliRavindraWakure, Apurv Rajendra Patkar, IJERGS
April 2014.

• M Manuja, S Kowshika, S Narmatha and G. Theresa W, "IoT based

automatic accident detection and rescue management in
Vanet", SSRG Int. J. Comput. Sci. Eng., pp. 36-41, Feb. 2019.

3
 Chapter 3

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 Existing System

In the existing system, the accident recognition system contains

GSM, whose function is to send information about the crash. But
there is no possibility to locate the spot when an accident occurs to
the vehicle contain this accident recognition system, we can receive
information about crash through GSM. But cannot help the victim
since we do not the exact location the victim and the where the
accident occur so the may leads to death due to lack of information
about the accident.

3.2 Proposed System

In the proposed system we developed the project to get the exact

location of the accident occurred place. We used GPS(global
positioning system) to trap the accident location with the help of the
GPS&GSM we can get the information of the accident as well as
location , where the accident occurred .The two main data that can
form the GPS module are, current date and time based on
coordinated universal(UTC) and our current position coordinate in
terms of longitude and latitude. This project presents an automotive
localization using GSM and GPS services.
4
3.3 Feasibility Study

3.3.1 Economic Feasibility

The economic feasibility of this project is budget friendly.for us we
used a demo car so spent less budget,but in the real time cars the
budget goes on increases according to the features adding on to the
project.

3.3.2 Technical Feasibility

The technical feasibility of this project contains materials like
motors, Arduino ,GSM ,GPS , connecting wires , battery for
running these all includes in it. We can transport the materials in a
easy and careful way.

3.3.3 Social Feasibility

The social feasibility of this project, It is to analyse that our project
is a lifesaving project. Our main motto is to save the lives of the
victim when he/she meets with an accident.

3.4 System Specification

Our system includes both hardware and software which is used to
run our project.

5
 Hardware Specification
3.4.1
• Atmega microcontroller
• GSM Module
• GPS Module
• Accelerometer
• Vibration meter
• LCD Display
• Cables and connectors

6
 3.4.2 Software Specification

• MC Prograaming language : C
• Arduino Compiler

3.4.3 Standards and Policies

The proposed system deals with the detection of the accidents. But
this can be extended by providing medication to the victims at the
accident spot. By increasing the technology, we can also avoid
accidents by providing alerts systems that can stop the vehicle to
overcome the accidents. If an accident occurs it alerts the
neighboring place with the alarm sound. This is a single stage shock
sensor; it detects any hard impact acted on it. These sensors are fixed
on all sides of the car to detect impact occurred on it .In the future
this can be converted by using the application. Main motto of the
accident system project is to decrease the chances of casualties in
such accident. This device invention is much more useful for the
accidents occurred in deserted places and those occurring at night
time. This system will play an important role in day to day life in
future

7
 Chapter 4

MODULE DESCRIPTION

4.1 General Architecture

Battery Accelerometer

Arduino mega
Vibration
sensor GPS+GSM

LCD

Figure 4.1: Architecture Diagram

8
Description:
In this proposed system, accident detection will be detecting with
vibration sensor At first, when an accident occurs, vibration sensor
detects the collision. After the detection, GPS sensor send accident
location to microcontroller. Then microcontroller read numbers from
database server GSM module. At last, microcontroller send SMS to the
Smartphone to get information of accident.

9
4.2 Design Phase

4.2.1 Data Flow Diagram

F_NAME S_NAME

Name

Vehicle latitu longitu

Phn_no de
no: de

driver locatio location

n

Phm_
num
Drive
r alert

Helpline number

ISA

Control station Emergency number

Figure 4.2.1: Data Flow Diagram

10
4.3 Module Description

Collecting the required materials to prepare the system.

Materials:
➢ Arduino mega

Figure3.1: Arduino mega

The Arduino Mega is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54
digital input/output pins (of which 14 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs,
4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a
power jack, an ICSP header
➢ GSM sim

Figure3.2: GSM module

In this project, a regular monitoring or tracking system for vehicle is implemented to
know the location and route travelling by the vehicle using GSM and GPS module.
The data acquiring unit consists of microcontroller along with GPS and GSM module
which acquires the information of exact location and sends it to mobile.

11
➢ GPS

Figure3.3: GPS
A GPS navigation system is a GPS receiver and audio/video (AV) components
designed for a specific purpose such as a car-based or hand-held device or a
smartphone app. The global positioning system (GPS) is a 24-satellite navigation
system that uses multiple satellite signals to find a receiver's position on earth.
➢ LCD

Figure3.4: LCD Screen

LCD (liquid crystal display) is the technology used for displays in notebook and other
smaller computers. Like light-emitting diode (LED) and gas-plasma technologies,
LCDs allow displays to be much thinner than cathode ray tube (CRT) technology.
➢ Vibration sensor

Figure3.5: Vibration sensor

The vibration sensor, which is useful for a variety of different fields, has the ability
to detect vibrations in a given area. This can help to alert someone to trouble with a
system, and you will even find these types of sensors in use with security systems
today. They have quite a few different uses.
12
 Chapter 5

IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING

5.1 Input and Output

5.1.1 Input Design

Figure5.1.1

13
5.1.2 Output Design

Figure5.1.2

5.2 Testing
Due to safety matter and the significant damage concerned, crash
testing of this system in real environments (real car accident) is
not realistic and practical. Also the lack of the availability of
laboratories that can be used to simulate the crash environment is
making the crash testing difficult to achieve.However we tested the
system with a demo vehicle.

5.3 Types of Testing

• Unit testing
• Integration testing
• White box testing
• Black box testing

14
5.3.1 Unit testing

Unit testing is usually conducted as part of a combined code and unit

test phase of the system lifecycle, although it is not uncommon for
coding and unit testing to be conducted as two distinct phases.

5.3.2 Integration testing

Software integration testing is the incremental integration testing of

two or more integrated software components on a single platform to
produce failures caused by interface defects. The task of the
integration test is to check that components or software applications,
e.g. components in a software system or – one step up – software
applications at the company level – interact without error.

15
5.3.3 White Box Testing

White Box Testing is a testing in which in which the software tester

has knowledge of the inner workings, structure and language of the
software, or at least its purpose. It is purpose. It is used to test areas
that cannot be reached from a black box level.

5.3.4 Black Box Testing

Black Box Testing is testing the software without any knowledge

of the inner workings, structure or language of the module being
tested. Black box tests, as most other kinds of tests, must be written
from a definitive source document, such as specification or
requirements document, such as specification or requirements
document. It is a testing in which the software under test is treated,
as a black box. you cannot “see” into it. The test provides inputs
and responds to outputs without considering how the software
works.

16
 Chapter 6

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

6.1 Efficiency of the Proposed System

It is a low cost alert system to provide immediate medical service
to the accident victim by alerting the contact numbers and
emergency numbers with the exact place of accident.The system
contains GPS to track the location of the accident happened and
uses GSM to communicate with the allotted contact numbers to
share the information about victim and accident.

6.2 Comparison of Existing and Proposed System

In the existing system, the accident recognition system contain
GSM, whose function is to send the information about the crash.
But there is no possibility to locate the spot. When an accident
occurs to the vehicle which contain this accident recognition
system, we can receive the information about the crash through
SMS by using GSM. But we cannot help the victim with this
information. But in the proposed system, we developed the project
to get the exact location of the accident occurred place. We used
GPS(Global positioning system) to trap the accident location. With
the help of both GSM & GPS we get the information of accident as
well as location, where the accident occurred. By this GPS
technology we can help the victim to treated immediately & can be
saved.

17
 6.3 Advantages of the Proposed System
• This system save the people in a right time.
• The message will be send to the respective persons or rescue team.
• It show the position in which the accident has been occurred.

6.4 Sample Code

1 #include<SoftwareSerial.h>
Software Serial Serial1(2,3); //make RX Arduino line is pin 2,
make TX Arduino line is pin 3.
Software Serial gaps (10,11);
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
Liquid Crystal lcd (4,5,6,7,8,9);

#Define x A1
#Define y A2
#Define z A3

int X sample=0;
int Y sample=0;
int Z sample=0;

#Define samples 10

#Define MinVal -700

#Define MaxVal 700

int I=0, k=0;

18
 Chapter 7

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE

ENHANCEMENTS

7.1 Conclusion
The module is made up of a receiver with GPS. Microcontroller and a
GSM modem. The full device configuration is installed on the target
vehicle. There is one handheld GSM phone connected to the port at
the other end (main vehicle station). The GPS system will transmit
longitudinal and latitude values corresponding to the position of a
vehicle to GSM modem when a discrepancy in the sensor occurs.
Whenever the sensor shifts, the system detects vehicle accidents and
sends a message via the GSM module. This message is transmitted
through another module of GSM. GPS module shows the static
location of the incident and its details. It receives specific SMS from
where the accident happened. There is therefore a slight variance in
the measurements, the original values of the latitude and longitude are
equal but the fractional value changes just marginally.

7.2 Future Enhancements

The proposed system deals with the detection of the accidents. But
this can be extended by providing medication to the victims at the
accident spot. By increasing the technology, we can also avoid
accidents by providing alerts systems that can stop the vehicle to
overcome the accidents. If an accident occurs it alerts the neighboring
19
place with the alarm sound. This is a single stage shock sensor; it
detects any hard impact acted on it. These sensors are fixed on all sides
of the car to detect impact occurred on it .In the future this can be
converted by using the application. Main motto of the accident system
project is to decrease the chances of casualties in such accident. This
device invention is much more useful for the accidents occurred in
deserted places and those occurring at night time. This system will
play an important role in day to day life in future.

20
 Chapter 8

PLAGIARISM REPORT

21
 Chapter 9

SOURCE CODE & POSTER

PRESENTATION

9.1 Source code

#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
Software Serial gaps (10,11);
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
Liquid Crystal lcd(4,5,6,7,8,9);

#Define x A1
#Define y A2
#Define z A3

int Xsample=0;
int Ysample=0;
int Zsample=0;

#Define samples 10

#Define minVal -700

#Define MaxVal 700

int I=0,k=0;
int gps_status=0;
float latitude=0;
float logitude=0;
String Speed="";
String gpsString="";
char *test="$GPRMC";

void initModule (String cmd, char *res, int t)

{
while (1)

22
 {
Serial.println(cmd);
Serial1.println(cmd);
delay (100);
while (Serial1.available()>0)
{
if (Serial1.find(res))
{
Serial.println(res);
delay(t);
return;
}

else
{
Serial.println("Error");
}
}
delay(t);
}
}

void setup ()
{
Serial1.begin(9600);
Serial. begin (9600);
lcd.begin(16,2);
LCD. Print ("Accident Alert “);
lcd. set Cursor (0,1);
LCD. Print (" System ");
delay (2000);
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print("Initializing");
lcd. set Cursor (0,1);
LCD. Print ("Please Wait...");
delay (1000);

Serial.println("Initializing ..... ");

initModule("AT","OK",1000);
initModule("ATE1","OK",1000);
initModule("AT+CPIN?","READY",1000);
initModule("AT+CMGF=1","OK",1000);
initModule("AT+CNMI=2,2,0,0,0","OK",1000);
Serial.println("Initialized Successfully");
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print("Initialized");
lcd. set Cursor (0,1);
23
 LCD. Print("Successfully");
delay (2000);
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print ("Calibrating ");
lcd. set Cursor (0,1);
LCD. Print("Accelerometer");
for (int I=0; i<samples; I++)
{
Xsample+=analogRead(x);
Ysample+=analogRead(y);
Zsample+=analogRead(z);
}

xsample/=samples;
ysample/=samples;
zsample/=samples;

Serial.println(xsample);
Serial.println(ysample);
Serial.println(zsample);
delay (1000);

LCD. Clear ();

LCD. Print ("Waiting for GPS");
lcd. set Cursor (0,1);
LCD. Print (" Signal ");
delay (2000);
gps.begin(9600);
get_gps ();
show_coordinate ();
delay (2000);
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print ("GPS is Ready");
delay (1000);
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print("System Ready");
Serial.println("System Ready..");
}

void loop ()
{
int value1=analogRead(x);
int value2=analogRead(y);
int value3=analogRead(z);

int xvalue=xsample-value1;
int yvalue=ysample-value2;
24
 int zvalue=zsample-value3;

Serial. Print("x=");
Serial.println(xValue);
Serial. Print("y=");
Serial.println(yValue);
Serial. Print("z=");
Serial.println(Zvalue);

if (xValue < minVal || xValue > MaxVal || yValue < minVal ||

yValue > MaxVal || zValue < minVal || zValue > MaxVal)
{
get_gps ();
show_coordinate ();
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print ("Sending SMS ");
Serial.println("Sending SMS");
Send ();
Serial.println("SMS Sent");
delay (2000);
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print ("System Ready");
}
}

void gpsEvent ()
{

gpsString="";
while (1)
{
while (gaps. available ()>0)
{

char in Char = (char)gaps. read ();

gpsString+= inChar;
I++;
//Serial. Print(inChar);
if (I < 7)
{
if(gpsString[i-1]! = test[i-1])
{
I=0;
gpsString="";
}
}
if(inChar=='\r')
25
 {
if(I>60)
{
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print(gpsString);
gps_status=1;
break;
}
else
{
I=0;
}
}
}
if(gps_status)
break;
}
}

void get_gps ()
{
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print ("Getting GPS Data");
lcd. set Cursor(0,1);
LCD. Print ("Please Wait ......");
gps_status=0;
int x=0;

while(gps_status==0)
{
gpsEvent ();
int str_lenth=I;
coordinate2dec ();
I=0; x=0;
str_lenth=0;
}
}

void show_coordinate ()
{
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print("Lat:");
LCD. Print(latitude);
lcd. set Cursor (0,1);
LCD. Print("Log:");
LCD. Print(logitude);
Serial. Print("Latitude:");
26
 Serial.println(latitude);
Serial.print("Longitude:");
Serial.println(logitude);
Serial.print("Speed (in knots) =");
Serial.println(Speed);
delay (2000);
LCD. Clear ();
LCD. Print ("Speed (Knots):");
lcd. set Cursor (0,1);
LCD. Print (Speed);
}

void coordinate2dec ()
{

String Lat degree="";

for (I=20; I<=21; I++)
lat_degree+=gpsString[i];

String last-minute="";
for (i=22; i<=28; i++)
last-minute+=gpsString[i];

String log degree="";

for (i=32; i<=34; i++)
log degree+=gpsString[i];

String log_minut="";
for (i=35; i<=41; i++)
log_minut+=gpsString[i];

Speed="";
for (i=45; i<48;i++)
Speed+=gpsString[i];

float minut= lat_minut. to Float();

minut=minut/60;
float degree=lat_degree.toFloat();
latitude=degree+minut;

minut= log_minut.toFloat();
minut=minut/60;
degree=log_degree.toFloat();
logitude=degree+minut;
}

void Send ()
27
{
Serial1.println("AT");
delay (500);
serial Print ();
Serial1.println("AT+CMGF=1");
delay (500);
serial Print ();
Serial1.print("AT+CMGS=");
Serial1.print('"');
Serial1.print("7993133703");
Serial1.println('"');
delay (500);
serial Print ();
Serial1.print("Latitude:");
Serial1.println(latitude);
delay (500);
serial Print ();
Serial1.print(" longitude:");
Serial1.println(logitude);
delay (500);
serialPrint ();
Serial1.print(" Speed:");
Serial1.print(Speed);
Serial1.println("Knots");
delay (500);
serialPrint();
Serial1.print("http://maps.google.com/maps?&z=15&mrt=yp&t=k&q=");
Serial1.print(latitude,6);
Serial1.print("+"); //28.612953, 77.231545
//28.612953,77.2293563
Serial1.print(logitude,6);
Serial1.write(26);
delay (2000);
serialPrint ();
}

void serialPrint ()
{
while (Serial1.available()>0)
{
Serial.print(Serial1.read());
}
}

28
9.2 Poster Presentation

29
 References

• R. N. Nayan Kumar, V. R. Navya, N. Ganashree, K. U. Pranav

and N. Ajay, "Intelligent vehicle accident detection and
ambulance rescue system", Int. J. Advance Res. Ideas Innov.
Technol., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 685-687, 2019.
• Mr. S. Iyyappan and Mr.V.Nandagopal , ‖Accident Detection
and Ambulance Rescue with Intelligent Traffic Light System‖,
published in International Journal of Advanced Technology and
Engineering Research,2013.
• Santhosh Kumar, K. (2019). A Systematic Review on Finger
Vein Recognition Techniques al Information Systems, 15(1),
114-122.
• M. U. Ghazi, M. A. Khan Khattak, B. Shabir, A. W. Malik and
M. S. Ramzan, "Emergency message dissemination in vehicular
networks: A review", IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 38606-38621,
2020.
• M Manuja, S Kowshika, S Narmatha and G. Theresa W, "IoT
based automatic accident detection and rescue management in
Vanet", SSRG Int. J. Comput. Sci. Eng., pp. 36-41, Feb. 2019.

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