DESIGN - Pump Sizing Tool

Read Me Sheet
DESIGN – Pump Sizing Tool
Introduction
This tool allows for the calculation of pumping head, the required solar PV module
capacity and selects suitable pump technologies. It is particularly relevant for the
module DESIGN of the SPIS Toolbox.
Tips & Tricks
● Make sure to always enable macro.

● Only add data into white (non-coloured) cells!
● It may contain illustrative sample values and text. Please adjust or remove.
● This tool provides an indicative sizing for pumping systems and should be
compared and discussed with system providers before committing to large-
scale investments.
● This tool contains numerous critical formulas or calculations.
● For password visit: https://energypedia.info/wiki/Toolbox_on_SPIS
● Make sure that this file is always saved as ".xlsm"
● Head loss calculation is set to approximation as default. Experienced users
can activate iterative calculation in the hidden sheet "Head Calculation".
Overview
This tool comprises the following sheets:
To add various values relevant for calculating

INPUT_Head Calculation the total pumping head, including friction losses
from the irrigation system
Information and calculation on pressure loss
INPUT_Pump Pressure Loss
due to piping and fittings from pump
Information and calculation on pressure loss
INPUT_Irrigation Pressure Loss
due to piping and fittings from irrigation system
Overview of core assumptions and sizing results
OUTPUT_Results
for SPIS
Terminology Description of terms used in the tool
About
Published by: GIZ & FAO
GIZ project Sustainable Energy for Food - Powering
Resposible:
Agriculture
Contact: Powering.Agriculture@giz.de
Download link: https://energypedia.info/wiki/Toolbox_on_SPIS
Powering Agriculture: An Energy Grand Challenge for
About: Development. Available at:
https://poweringag.org
Version: 2.0 (July 2020)
The Toolbox on Solar Powered Irrigation Systems is made possible through the
global initiative Powering Agriculture: An Energy Grand Challenge for Development
(PAEGC). In 2012, the United States Agency for International Development
(USAID), the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), the
German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Duke
Energy, and the Overseas Private Investment Cooperation (OPIC) combined
resources to create the PAEGC initiative. The objective of PAEGC is to support
new and sustainable approaches to accelerate the development and deployment of
clean energy solutions for increasing agriculture productivity and/or value for
farmers and agribusinesses in developing countries and emerging regions that lack
access to reliable, affordable clean energy.
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information

product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) or any of the PAEGC
Founding Partners concerning the legal or development status of any country,
territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its
frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of
manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that
these have been endorsed or recommended by GIZ, FAO, or any of the PAEGC
Founding Partners in preference to others of a similar nature that are not
mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author
and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of GIZ, FAO, or any of the
PAEGC Founding Partners.
GIZ, FAO and the PAEGC Founding Partners encourage the use, reproduction and
dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise
indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study,
research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or
services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of GIZ and FAO as the
source and copyright holder is given.
© GIZ and FAO, 2018

INPUT-Head Calculation
Water source: Groundwater Select
Basic assumptions Direct feed

(pump connected directly to the irrigation system)
Daily solar irradiation: 4.0 kWh/m² http://globalsolaratlas.info TDH = Hs + D + He + Hm + Hf + Hl + Hirr 67.8 m
Solar system losses: 25 %
Photovoltaic array type: fixed
Estimated water source yield: 50.0 m³/hour
Sustainable extraction from water source: 50% /hour
Daily water pumping rate: 25.0 m³/day ###
Pump pipeline diameter: 1 1/2 inch
Pump pipeline length: 200.0 m
Pump pipeline material: PVC, drawn tubing, glass
Determination of Pumping Head
TDH Total Dynamic Head
Hs Static Water Level (for submersible pumps) or suction lift (for surface pumps) 20.00 m Tank system
D Drawdown 2.00 m (pump connected to storage tank installed before the irrigation system)
He Elevation Difference Well to Tank Stand (or Irrigation Area if direct feed) 10.00 m TDH = Hs + D + He + Ht + Hm + Hf + Hl 50.4 m
Ht Height of Tank Water Inlet (connection to pump) from Ground 2.00 m
Ho Height of Tank Water Outlet (connection to irrigation area) 10.00 m
HI Head Loss in Pipeline 12.27 m
Hfi Head Loss in Pump Pipeline Fittings (from INPUT_Pump Pressure Loss sheet) 0.18 m
Hfi-irr Head Loss in Irrigation System (from INPUT_Irrigation Pressure Loss sheet) 14.21 m
Hm Head Loss in Flowmeter 2.00 m
Hf Head Loss in Filter/Fertigation 2.00 m
(from "Irrigation system pressure requirement" and

Hirr Pressure Irrigation System
Irrigation Pressure Loss)
19.31 m
Irrigation system pressure requirement (check reference table below) 0.50 bar
Estimation of
Pipe size conversion table
pressure requirements
Pivot 1-3 bar inch mm

Drip 0.5-3 bar 1/2 15
Micro Sprinkler 0.5-2 bar 3/4 20
Sprinkler 2-5 bar 1 25
Traveling gun 2-8 bar 1 1/4 32
Flood 0 bar 1 1/2 40
2 50
2 1/2 65
3 80
4 100
INPUT-Pump Pressure Loss
Background
Energy is lost within a distribution pipe network due to the friction of water passing through it. This happens within a
straight pipe but also every time flow experiences a change in direction or a change in cross-sectional area due to bends,
elbows, joints and valves. Every time it will experience a head loss. A good design should allow for no more than 10% of
the pump energy to be lost through friction.
What are the factors that influence the amount of friction in a pipe?
1. The pipe material - determined by the wall roughness.
2. The length of pipe - the longer the pipeline the greater the energy loss.
3. The flow rate - has a great influence on energy loss because when velocity is doubled, the energy loss increases 4-
fold, (The higher the flow rate, the higher the friction loss will be!)
4. The diameter of the pipe - reducing the diameter by half will increase energy loss by a factor 32.
Thus, a mistake in pipe sizing can easily result in a system with inadequate pressure.
Implication for design

• Minimize changes in flow direction/cross-sectional area by minimizing use of elbows, valves, etc.
1. Drip laterals have small diameter, and high friction loss keep drip lateral
• Drip irrigation:
length as short as possible.
2. Counter friction loss in pipes by going downhill (low pressure drip irrigation).
• Use maximal pipe diameter, thereby keeping it cost effective (larger diameter pipes are more expensive).
D Q Q
mm m3/hr L/s
25 3.4 0.9
To avoid significant friction loss in pipes, you have to keep flow rate in
32 5.5 1.5
pipe below 1.5 meters per second (m/s). The Table below shows the
40 8 2.2
discharge in the pipe for different pipe diameters when the flow rate is
1.5 m/s. In other words, it gives the maximum allowable discharge (Q 50 11 3.1
in m3/hr or L/s) in the pipes for a particular (outer) diameter. 63 18 5.0
75 25 6.9
90 36 10.0
110 56 15.6
Pump pipeline configuration

Compare to alternative
Quantity configuration of pump
Type of connector pipeline?
(current system)
32º Elbow
22.5º Elbow
11.25º Elbow
Gate Valve
90º Elbow 3
Tee
Reducer
Check Valve/Non-Return Valve

Total Pressure Loss in Valves and
0.177 m - m
Fitting
INPUT-Irrigation Pressure Loss
Irrigation Pipeline configuration

Main feeder pipeline diameter: 1 1/2 inch
Main feeder pipeline length (total): 20 m
Lateral feeder pipeline diameter: 1 inch
Lateral feeder pipeline length (total): 30 m
Total Pressure Loss in Pipelines 14.04 m
Irrigation System configuration

Compare to alternative
Quantity configuration of
Type of connector irrigation system?
(current system)
32º Elbow
22.5º Elbow
11.25º Elbow
Gate Valve
90º Elbow 3
Tee
Reducer
Check Valve/Non-Return Valve
Total Pressure Loss in Valves and Fitting 0.18 m - m

OUTPUT - Results Print sheet for discussion with solar irrigation system supplier
Direct feed (select)
Water requirement 25 m³/day
Volume flow (m3 per hour): 6.25 m³/h
Total dynamic head (in meters) 68 m
Photovoltaic array type: fixed
Daily solar irradiation: 4 kWh/m²
Estimated solar pumping system size in kWp: 2.85 kWp to

3.65 kWp
Estimated solar pumping system size in HP: 3.8 HP to

4.9 HP
Estimation of the solar panel surface in m²: 19 m² to

24.3 m²
TERMINOLOGY
Daily insolation [kWh/kWp/day]
Daily Water requirement [m³]
Drawdown (m)
Head Loss in Filter/Fertigation
Head Loss in Water Meter
Photovoltaic array type
Pressure Irrigation System
Pressure requirement
Solar system losses
Total dynamic head [m]
Water requirement [m³/day]

DEFINITION
The amount of irradiation within one day on an optimum tilted, equator oriented surface. The amount of effective
sun hours for pumping is by definition, the amount of hours equal to the solar irradiation. e.g. 6.2 kWh/m² -> 6.2
hours. - Min. 1 - Max. 7
The total amount of water needed daily for crops and/or animals, which is extracted by the pump.
In subsurface hydrogeology, drawdown is the reduction in hydraulic head observed at a well in an aquifer, typically
due to pumping a well as part of an aquifer test or well test. In surface water hydrology and civil engineering,
drawdown refers to the lowering of the water level in a man-made reservoir or tank.
The head loss caused by filter or fertigation. If a water meter is installed, check the manufacturers datasheet for
exact values.
The head loss caused by the water meter. If a water meter is installed, check the manufacturers datasheet for exact
values.
Fixed or single-axis tracked photovoltaic array. Single-axis tracked is based on the assumption of 25% more yield. -
"fixed" - "single-axis tracked"
Depending on the type and sizing of the irrigation system, different pressure requirements have to be met. The
needed pressure is supplied by the pump and expressed in a head loss.
The pressure requirements depend on the irrigation scheme. Specific data can be obtained from the manufacturer.
Check values below for a rough estimation.
All losses on the photovoltaic array compared to Standard Test Conditions (STC): Temperature, dirt, module
mismatch, aging, cable losses etc. - Std. 25 - Min. 0
The total dynamic head specifies the static head from the source water level to the highest point of the system plus
the dynamic friction losses. For large pipe diameters and short pipes the friction losses can be neglected. - Min. 1 -
Max. 1000
The water requirement specifies your need of water per day. - Min. 1 - Max. 1000
DESIGN 03 - Pump Sizing Tool
PVPSXLS 2.1.1
Inputs Result
Daily insolation Photovoltaic pump solutions
5.0 kWh/m² 1 #1 Lorentz PS4000 C-SJ8-15 2.85 kWp
2 #2 Lorentz PS1800 C-SJ5-12 3.2 kWp
Photovoltaic array type 3 #3 Shakti SSP3000 - 70 - 15 3.25 kWp
single-axis tracked 4 #4 Lorentz PS4000 C-SJ5-25 3.5 kWp
5 #5 Shakti SSP4000 - 130 - 8 3.65 kWp
Total dynamic head for:
#VALUE! m Irradiation [W/m²]
1200
800
Water requirement
25 m³/day
400
Solar deration (losses)
25 %
0
6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 6:00 PM
Size of panel surface AM AM AM AM AM AM PM
24.33 m² Output Lorentz PS4000 C-SJ8-15 [m³/h]
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 6:00 PM
AM AM AM AM AM AM PM
DESIGN 03 - Pump Sizing Tool
SXLS 2.1.1
1 #1 Lorentz PS4000 C-SJ8-15 2.85 kWp 3.8 HP

3 #3 Shakti SSP3000 - 70 - 15 3.25 kWp 4.4 HP
5 #5 Shakti SSP4000 - 130 - 8 3.65 kWp 4.9 HP
PVPSXLS 2.1.1
MS Excel based tool for Photovoltaic Pump Sizing
Selected pump (press F9 to refresh) #N/A
Output 12 How to add pumps to the database:

- [m³/h] P-Q-diagram
#N/A 1.) Type manufacturer and model into a new
Active: - 10 line of the database. Q_low_max
#N/A
Type: - 2.) For sizing “Active” should be set to “TRUE”.
8 #N/A
Power: - 3.) Specify the pump type according to its Q_high_max
Head: - datasheet. Q_low_start
6
Output: - 4.) Get the pumps P-Q-diagram. You need to
input the starting point and the end point of
4 both, the lowest head curve and the highest Q_high_start
head curve.
2
x
ma
h_
hig
P_
t
tar
_s
w
lo
P_
0
t_
tar
_s
gh
hi
P_
ax
m
w
lo
P_
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Power input [W]
Database
H_low P_low_start Q_low_start P_low_max Q_low_max H_high P_high_start Q_high_start P_high_max Q_high_max
Manufacturer Model Active Type [m] [W] [m³/h] [W] [m³/h] [m] [W] [m³/h] [W] [m³/h]
Grundfos SQF 0.6-2 1 helical rotor 10 30 0 197 0.64 120 88 0 400 0.61
Grundfos SQF 2.5-2 1 helical rotor 5 20 0.36 240 2.9 120 440 0 1400 2.34
Grundfos SQF 3A-10 1 centrifugal 30 140 0 1400 4.95 70 380 0 1400 3
Grundfos SQF 5A-3 1 centrifugal 2 25 0 720 9.1 15 130 0 720 6.5
Grundfos SQF 5A-7 1 centrifugal 10 60 0 1400 9 50 330 0 1400 4.3
Grundfos SQF 8A-5 1 centrifugal 2 20 0 1400 16 30 350 0 1400 7.4
Grundfos CRIF 3-9 1 centrifugal 5 40 0 1150 6.25 60 420 0 1140 2.9
Franklin Electric 18SDSP-0.55KW 1 centrifugal 20 200 0.3 1280 2 140 950 0.3 1280 0.78
Franklin Electric 25SDSP-0.55KW 1 centrifugal 20 200 0.3 1260 2.88 120 860 0.3 1260 1.32
Franklin Electric 270SDSP-1.1KW 1 centrifugal 10 500 0 2000 20.4 25 1480 0 2000 7.2
Franklin Electric 150SDSP-2.2KW 1 centrifugal 20 550 0 2800 15.6 70 1800 0 3350 7.2
Franklin Electric 270SDSP-2.2kW 1 centrifugal 10 600 0 3500 28.8 40 2800 0 3500 6.6
Lorentz PS150 C-SJ5-8 1 centrifugal 5 12 0 300 4 20 100 0 300 1.95
Lorentz PS200 HR-04 1 helical rotor 10 14 0.13 82 0.73 50 37 0 173 0.63
Lorentz PS200 HR-07 1 helical rotor 5 20 0.3 104 1.34 40 52 0.06 250 1.28
Lorentz PS600 C-SJ8-5 1 centrifugal 5 20 0 700 11.5 15 110 0 700 8.3
Lorentz PS600 HR-03H 1 helical rotor 100 70 0.09 250 0.45 180 100 0.05 360 0.42
Lorentz PS1200 C-SJ5-8 1 centrifugal 10 50 0 1100 8.2 40 280 0 1100 5
Lorentz PS1800 C-SJ12-4 1 centrifugal 8 120 0 1500 20 18 350 0 1500 15
Lorentz PS1800 HR-05HL 1 helical rotor 50 100 0.24 360 0.97 250 300 0.14 950 0.86
Lorentz PS1800 HR-07H 1 helical rotor 80 130 0.25 480 1.37 160 260 0 840 1.24
Lorentz PS4000 C-SJ60-2-B 1 centrifugal 8 600 0 3000 61 16 1650 0 3080 37
Lorentz PS4000 HR-05HHL 1 helical rotor 150 180 0.22 625 0.93 450 840 0 1290 0.37
Lorentz PS4000 HR-14HL 1 helical rotor 80 210 0.47 870 2.6 180 600 0.08 1800 2.2
Lorentz PS9k C-SJ8-44 1 centrifugal 80 800 0 7000 11.8 180 2300 0 8600 7.6
Lorentz PS9k C-SJ17-11 1 centrifugal 50 1300 0 8900 25 90 2900 0 9500 18
Lorentz PS15k C-SJ17-18 1 centrifugal 80 2000 0 13000 22 140 4200 0 11500 16.2
Lorentz PS15k2 C-SJ75-3 1 centrifugal 10 900 0 12700 125 35 4400 0 12500 77
Lorentz PS21k C-SJ120-2-1 1 centrifugal 5 1000 0 14500 220 30 7700 0 17000 120
Lorentz PS25k2 C-SJ30-22 1 centrifugal 100 4000 0 21400 37.8 200 10400 0 20600 20.8
Shakti SSP750 - 22 - 27 1 centrifugal 15 200 1.2 1000 6 35 600 1.8 1000 3.9
Shakti SSP1200 - 20 - 44 1 centrifugal 10 300 3 1200 12.6 25 600 2.1 1200 7.2
Shakti SSP1200 - 35 - 26 1 centrifugal 20 200 0.9 1200 6.48 35 300 0.36 1200 5.16
Shakti SSP2000 - 10 - 93 1 centrifugal 5 400 7.2 2000 39 15 800 3 2000 26.4
Shakti SSP3000 - 30 - 42 1 centrifugal 20 1200 4.5 3000 30.6 30 2000 7.2 3000 21
Shakti SSP3000 - 70 - 15 1 centrifugal 30 600 2.4 3000 12 70 1200 1.44 3000 7.8
Shakti SSP4000 - 30 - 45 1 centrifugal 10 800 5.4 4000 43.2 40 2000 3 4000 21.6
Shakti SSP10000 - 60 - 19 1 centrifugal 30 2000 6 9000 42 80 5000 6 9000 21

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Read Me Sheet

DESIGN – Pump Sizing Tool

Tips & Tricks

● Make sure to always enable macro.

To add various values relevant for calculating

Terminology Description of terms used in the tool

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information

© GIZ and FAO, 2018

Water source: Groundwater Select

Basic assumptions Direct feed

Daily solar irradiation: 4.0 kWh/m² http://globalsolaratlas.info TDH = Hs + D + He + Hm + Hf + Hl + Hirr 67.8 m

Solar system losses: 25 %

Photovoltaic array type: fixed

Estimated water source yield: 50.0 m³/hour

Sustainable extraction from water source: 50% /hour

Daily water pumping rate: 25.0 m³/day ###

Pump pipeline diameter: 1 1/2 inch

Pump pipeline length: 200.0 m

Pump pipeline material: PVC, drawn tubing, glass

Determination of Pumping Head

TDH Total Dynamic Head

Ht Height of Tank Water Inlet (connection to pump) from Ground 2.00 m

Ho Height of Tank Water Outlet (connection to irrigation area) 10.00 m

HI Head Loss in Pipeline 12.27 m

Hm Head Loss in Flowmeter 2.00 m

Hf Head Loss in Filter/Fertigation 2.00 m

(from "Irrigation system pressure requirement" and

Pivot 1-3 bar inch mm

INPUT-Pump Pressure Loss

Implication for design

Pump pipeline configuration

Check Valve/Non-Return Valve

INPUT-Irrigation Pressure Loss

Irrigation Pipeline configuration

Main feeder pipeline length (total): 20 m

Lateral feeder pipeline diameter: 1 inch

Lateral feeder pipeline length (total): 30 m

Total Pressure Loss in Pipelines 14.04 m

Irrigation System configuration

Check Valve/Non-Return Valve

Total Pressure Loss in Valves and Fitting 0.18 m - m

Direct feed (select)

Water requirement 25 m³/day

Volume flow (m3 per hour): 6.25 m³/h

Total dynamic head (in meters) 68 m

Photovoltaic array type: fixed

Daily solar irradiation: 4 kWh/m²

Estimated solar pumping system size in kWp: 2.85 kWp to

Estimated solar pumping system size in HP: 3.8 HP to

Estimation of the solar panel surface in m²: 19 m² to

Daily insolation [kWh/kWp/day]

Daily Water requirement [m³]

Head Loss in Filter/Fertigation

Head Loss in Water Meter

Photovoltaic array type

Pressure Irrigation System

Solar system losses

Total dynamic head [m]