Home Chapter 16: The Endocrine System Chapter Practice Test

Chapter Practice Test

This activity contains 19 questions.

Endocrinology involves the study of the endocrine organs and __________.

  hormones

 
neurotransmitters

 
autocrines

 
paracrines

 

Which of the following is NOT a major endocrine gland?

  thyroid

 
kidney

 
pituitary

 
adrenal

 

Autocrines are long-distance chemical signals that travel in blood or lymph throughout the body.

 
 True
 False

Steroids are synthesized from __________.

  peptides

 
amino acids

 
proteins

 
cholesterol

 

Any given hormone will influence the activity of __________.

  all tissue cells

 
its target cells

 
its effector cells

 
its second-messenger cells

 

In which of the following mechanisms of hormone action do intracellular calcium ions act as a final mediator?
  cGMP

 
DAG

 
PIP2-calcium signaling mechanism

 
cAMP

 

Down-regulation involves the loss of receptors and prevents the target cells from overreacting to persistently high hormone levels.

 
 True
 False

When one hormone opposes the action of another hormone, the interaction is called __________.

  organism

 
antagonism

 
permissiveness

 
synergism

 

Which of the following occurs within a negative feedback system?

  As hormone levels decrease, hormone release is promoted.

 
As hormone levels decrease, hormone release is inhibited.

 
Target organ effects inhibit further hormone release.

 
As hormone levels rise, hormone release is promoted.

 

Which of the following is NOT one of the three major types of stimuli to trigger endocrine glands to manufacture and release their
hormones?

  hormonal stimuli

 
permissive stimuli

 
humoral stimuli

 
neural stimuli

 

The anterior pituitary is known as the "master endocrine gland" because it controls the hypothalamus.

 
 True
 False

Which of the following stimulates most body cells to increase in size and divide?

  melanocyte-stimulating hormone

 
 tropins

 
pro-opiomelanocortin

 
growth hormone

 

Which of the following homeostatic imbalances results from hyposecretion of growth hormone?

  elephantiasis

 
acromegaly

 
gigantism

 
pituitary dwarfism

 

Which of the following hormones stimulates gamete (sperm or egg) production?

  growth hormone

 
prolactin

 
thyroid-stimulating hormone

 
follicle-stimulating hormone

 

As blood levels of __________ rise, the expulsive contractions of labor gain momentum and finally end in birth.

  follicle-stimulating hormone

 
gonadotropins

 
oxytocin

 
prolactin

 

Which of the following is NOT one of the areas in which thyroid hormone (TH) plays an important role?

  helping the body avoid dehydration and water overload

 
regulating tissue growth and development

 
maintaining blood pressure

 
normal skeletal and nervous system development and maturation

 

The cells found within the parathyroid gland that secrete parathyroid hormone are called __________.

  parathyroid cells

 
parafollicular cells

 
follicle cells

 
oxyphil cells

 
 Which of the following conditions, if left untreated, progresses to respiratory paralysis and death?

  hypoparathyroidism

 
hyperparathyroidism

 
hypothyroidism

 
hyperthyroidism

 

Which of the following homeostatic imbalances usually results from deficits in both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids?

  Addison's disease

 
Cushing's syndrome

 
cretinism

 
Graves' disease

 

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