SYZYGIUM SAMARANGESE (Macopa) Fruit as a Natural Fruit Juice

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Drinking soda became part of our lifestyle, especially teenagers they cannot skip drinking coke every day,
and keeping us dehydrated. Nowadays, no one could say “No” to soda. But too much of soda may cause
dehydration and stroke.
Stroke is one of the deadly causes of death in Philippines..Having the one of the deadly causes of death is a
very complicated stage. Despite dehydration that makes us weak and make you lose your life. Macopa Fruit
are commonly thrown away or being ignored or letting it rot in your backyard,but we didn’t know that these
thrashes can be used to make a healthy juice so we can avoid dehydration and stroke. Natural Macopa Juice
is very good product to make because it is eco friendly it helps reduce trashes,it also help us to be more
creative to think what other can bring out from thrashes and at the same time can benefit to our health,this is
why the researchers make an natural Macopa Juice .The researcher choose natural ingredients. We will make
a product that connect to the health benefits of this fruit. There is a difference between our product and the
commercialized one, fresh fruit juice contained less sodium than commercial ones, fresh fruit juice contained
more potassium phosphorus and magnesium than commercial. Juices are effective to keep us hydrated and
we can lower the sugar content by diluting them with water which give us an answer drinking natural Macopa
Juice is effective in keeping us hydrated and it makes us avoid heat stroke.

B. OBJECTIVES

-To create a natural Macopa Juice that can prevent us from dehydration and avoid heat stroke.

-To reduce our trash.

-To find out the other benefits of Macopa Fruit aside it prevents dehydration.

C. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

-Is there a significant changes between Syzygium Samarangese (Macopa) Fruit Juice and to other
Commercial Product in terms of taste and effectiveness?

-What is the properties of Macopa Fruit does helps us to stay dehydrated and avoid heat stroke?

D. HYPOTHESIS
-Natural Macopa Juice has an adequate amount potassium and water that help us stay dehydrated.

-There is significant difference between Macopa Fruit as a Natural Juice and the Commercialized Product as
regard of taste,effectiveness,and texture of the juice.

E. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Independent Variable Control Variable

Significant Difference

Acceptability in regards of

Taste,effectiveness,and texture.

F. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

More than half of the world’s population currently live in urban areas and are particularly at risk from
combined effects of the urban heat island phenomenon and heat increases due to climate change. The
rationale of the study is to save more money and to lessen thrashes. And on the other sides, The cities at high
or very high risk are found in Metro Manila, where levels of heat hazard and exposure are high. The most
vulnerable cities are, however, found mainly outside the national capital region, where sensitivity is higher and
capacity to cope and adapt is lower, This is alarming, because, as temperatures increase, extreme heat events
such as heat waves and drought are also projected to increase in frequency and severity, endangering human
lives, affecting ecosystems, impacting crop yields and global food production, and wreaking havoc on
infrastructure resulting in economic losses.

The rationale of the study is find out the help of Macopa Fruit to our community aside its edible. And on
the other sides, The study aims to create a product out of Macopa Fruit that can help to avoid dehydration and
lower the risk of heat stroke, Hence it will benefit the people who have high risk of heat stroke and those who
do not have.

G. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

SCOPE
 This study was conducted to use Macopa Fruit as a Natural Fruit Juice that can help us to stay hydrated and
prevent us in heat stroke as perceived by the people who have a high risk of heat stroke and those who don’t
have.

LIMITATION

This study does not cure hydration or heat stroke.

H. DEFINATION OF TERMS

Protein– is a naturally occurring,extremely complex substance that consists of Amino Acid (AA) reduces
joined by Peptide Bonds

Soft Drink-drink that usually contains water,a sweetener,and a natural,and or an artificial flavoring

Heat Stroke- is the most serious heat-related illness. It occurs when the body becomes unable to control its
temperature

Macopa– is a species of flowering plant in the Family of Myrtaceae

Dehydration- means your body loses more fluids than you take in. If it's not treated, it can get worse and
become a serious problem.

I. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Syzygium Samanrangese (Macopa)

Samarangese or Makopa is a fruit that is presumed to be a native of Malaysia. It is

commonly cultivated from Java to the Philippines and Vietnam, also in Bengal and
South India. The Makopa is a tropical species. In the Philippines, the tree bears
fruit during the summer season (March- June). The fruit is usually eaten raw or is
an ingredient in a stew or red and white wine. The timber is reddish, tough and
heavy. In Hawaii, it is used to make bowls and poi boards. The Makopa is also
used as a medicine. In some indigenous groups, a decoction of the bark is used to
treat thrush; and a preparation f the roots is a remedy for relieving itching and is also used to alleviate edema.
The leaves, fruits and bark of the Makopa show antibiotic activity and has an effect on blood pressure and
respiration. [5]
 Syzygium Samarangese (Blume) Merrill and Perry commonly known as ‘makopa’ is grown throughout
Philippines for its fruits. The tree is used as an antipyretic and a diuretic 10.Syzygium is a genus of flowering
plants that belongs to the myrtle family Myrtaceae. The term is a combination of the Greek syn, meaning
“Together‘, and zygon, meaning “yoke‘, hence, it means “yoked together”.

Heat Stroke

Heat Stroke is the most serious heat-related illness. It occurs when the body becomes
unable to control its temperature: the body's temperature rises rapidly, the sweating
mechanism fails, and the body is unable to cool down. Body temperature may rise to
106°F or higher within 10 to 15 minutes. Heat stroke is a life-threatening injury requiring
neurocritical care; however, heat stroke has not been completely examined due to
several possible reasons, such as no universally accepted definition or classification,
and the occurrence of heat wave victims every few years. Thus, in this review, we elucidate the
definition/classification, pathophysiology, and prognostic factors related to heat stroke and also summarize the
results of current studies regarding the management of heat stroke, including the use of intravascular balloon
catheter system, blood purification therapy, continuous electroencephalogram monitoring, and anticoagulation
therapy. Two systems for the definition/classification of heat stroke are available, namely Bouchama’s
definition and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine criteria. According to the detailed analysis of risk
factors, prevention strategies for heat stroke, such as air conditioner use, are important. Moreover,
hematological, cardiovascular, neurological, and renal dysfunctions on admission are associated with high
mortality, which thus represent the potential targets for intensive and specific therapies for patients with heat
stroke. No prospective, comparable study has confirmed the efficacy of intravascular cooling devices,
anticoagulation, or blood purification in heat stroke. Several review articles regarding heat stroke focusing on
critical care have been published in the early 2000s [6, 7]; moreover, additional new devise for cooling, blood
purification therapy for renal/hepatic failure, continuous electroencephalogram (cEEG) monitoring, and the use
of drugs, such as anticoagulants, for treating heat stroke have become readily available, and substantive
clinical research regarding such devises/drugs has been published in the 2010s [8,9,10,11,12,13

Historically, heat stroke has been classified into two groups according to the presence or absence of exertion.
Exertional heat stroke develops in able-bodied individuals, such as athletes, soldiers, or laborers, and
performing rigorous physical activities [1]. In contrast, nonexertional heat stroke can develop during low-level
physical activities among elderly, ambulatory individuals with comorbidities including obesity, diabetes,
hypertension, heart disease, renal disease, dementia, and alcoholism [1].

To date, no universally accepted definition of heat stroke exists. The most commonly used definition of heat
stroke worldwide is the Bouchama’s definition [6]. Bouchama has defined heat stroke as a core body
temperature that rises above 40 °C, accompanied by hot dry skin and central nervous system abnormalities,
such as delirium, convulsions, or coma. Heat stroke results from exposure to a high environmental temperature
or from strenuous exercise [6]. Bouchama has also proposed an alternative definition of heat stroke on the
basis of its pathophysiology, stating that heat stroke is a form of hyperthermia associated with a systemic
inflammatory response that leads to a syndrome of multiorgan dysfunction, predominantly encephalopathy [6].

Pease et al. have reported an unusual heat wave that lasted 9 days in France in 2003 [14] and referred to the
following criteria according to the Bouchama’s definition: the alteration of mental status (coma, delirium,
disorientation, or seizures); a body core temperature of > 40.6 °C or a documented evidence of cooling before
the first record temperature; a reliable history of compatible environmental exposure; and the presence of hot,
dry, or flushed skin. In another study, Misset et al. defined heat stroke as “the presence of hyperthermia of
>40.5°C” [15], but the phrase “core body temperature” was not included in their definition. Consequently,
specific body temperature and the use of phrase “core body temperature” vary across studies.

Dehydration

Dehydration results from a decrease in total body water content either due to less intake or more
fluid loss. Common symptoms of dehydration are dry mouth/tongue, thirst, headache, and
lethargy. Water is a vital component of all living cells and extracellular fluids. Water acts as a
solvent, regulates body temperature, aids in food digestion and helps regulate the acid-base
balance [1].The balance between water intake or loss and electrolytes is essential for a healthy
adult [2]. Water deprivation occurs when the balance between water intake and loss is disrupted
and causes a state of dehydration [3, 4]. Dehydration can be defined as decrease in total body
water content due to fluid loss, diminished fluid intake, or both [4]. Fluid imbalance as
dehydration or overhydration is associated with morbidity and mortality particularly in older adults [5]

Drinking enough water each day is crucial for many reasons to regulate body temperature,keep joints
lubricated,prevent infections,deliver nutrients to cells,and keep organs functioning properly.Bein well-hydrated
also improves sleep quality,cognition and mood.Experts recommend drinking roughly 11 cups of water per day
for the average woman and 16 for men.And not all those cups have to come from plain water for
example,some can come from water flavored with fruit or vegetables or from coffee or tea.

Review and related studies

A high temperature (hot) is the main source of having a Hearth Disease. In order to prevent the high risk of
disease, we need we need a exact amount of water in our body. We need to drink a 8-10 (16 ounces a cup)
glass of water a day. Instead of drinking too much water a day, eating a Macopa Fruit can also help you to stay
hydrated. Macopa Fruit has a high amount of water which can help us to stay hydrated it is also has a high
amount of Vitamin C which control our blood flow and also contain collagen which can help our skin to glow.
Macopa Fruit contains a Protein, consumption of protein ensures strong immune defense, efficient signaling of
nerves and impulses, healthy hair, and maintenance of fluid balance in their balance in the body. Protein can
also turn into an energy provider when required by the body. It contains as high amount of Calcium, consuming
adequate amounts of calcium is important for building bone and can prevent or delay bone loss later in life. It
also contains iron which can treat anemia

Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

A. MATERIALS

- Macopa

-Blender

- Sugar

-Cup

-Knife
B. PROCEDURE

- First thing to do is prepare the Macopa Fruit, Blender, Sugar, and also your Cup (or any container that you
have)

-Cut the Macopa Fruit into small pieces and remove the seeds, once you’re done put the sliced Macopa inside
the blender and let it blend for 1-2 minutes.

- Once the Macopa Fruit is well-blended put some small amount of sugar and blend it again.

- When it’s done turn off the blender and put the Macopa Powdered Juice in a cup (or any container that you
have)

C. SAMPLING/SUBJECT SELECTION

Table 1 : The experimental and set-up for the acceptability test of Macopa Fruit in terms of taste and also the
effectiveness.

SAMPLES TEST 1 TEST 2

Syzygium Samarangense Taste Effectiveness

(Macopa) Fruit as a Natural Fruit
Juice

Commercial Product Taste Effectiveness

Table 1 shows the researchers used random sampling to eliminate bias rating by giving all individuals an
equal chance to be chosen and to rate the product. The Respondents choose 2 tests: which is the Taste and
Effectiveness

Table 2 : Scales and Rating for the Acceptability of taste and effectiveness.

SCALE DESCRIPTION

5 The taste and effectiveness are highly acceptable

4 The taste and effectiveness are acceptable

3 The taste and effectiveness are moderately

acceptable

2 The taste and effectiveness are mildly acceptable

1 The taste and effectiveness are not acceptable

Using the Likert Scale, the mean of the response will be analyzed as follows:

Table 3 : Mean of response for the acceptability of taste and effectiveness

 RATING LEVEL OF RATE

5 Highly Recommendable

4 Recommendable

3 Moderately Recommendable

2 Mildly Recommendable

1 Not Recommendable at All

Table 3 shows that the mean for highly acceptable is 5, the mean for acceptable is 4, the mean for moderately
recommendable is 3, the mean for mildly recommendable is 2, and the mean for not recommendable at all is 1.

D. RESEARCH DESIGN

Experimental Research Design is used in this study. Experimental Research Design gathers the data to help
us make better decisions. Any Research conducted under scientifically acceptable conditions uses
Experimental Research Design.

E. STATISTICAL DESIGN

The proponents used T-Test. Two Sample Assuming Equal Variance of 0.05 level of confidence in 10
respondents. The researchers used t-test to determine whether a process or treatment actually has an effect
on the population or treatment actually has an effect on the population of interest, or whether two groups are
different from one another.

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Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) & IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2018).
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"Syzygium samarangense". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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