Table of Contents

1 Title..........................................................................................................................................1
2 Objectives.................................................................................................................................1
3 Definition..................................................................................................................................1
3.1 Explanation.......................................................................................................................1
4 Challenges in TIG welding.......................................................................................................2
5 Processes..................................................................................................................................2
6 Movement of filler material.....................................................................................................2
7 Movement of filler electrodes..................................................................................................3
8 Applications of TIG welding....................................................................................................3
9 Safety measures in TIG welding..............................................................................................4
10 Conclusion............................................................................................................................5
1 Title
To study about TIG welding.

2 Objectives
 The residue and smoke are not made after TIG welding.
 It is stable process and can be applied on all welding positions.

3 Definition
It is an arc welding process that uses non-consumable tungsten electrode for welding process.
Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding also known as Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW).#

Fig 01: TIG welding

3.1 Explanation
 The area which is used for weld is protected from oxidation and other atmosphere
contamination by inert gas like argon or helium.
 A constant current welding power supply produces electrical energy.
 This produced electrical energy conducted across the arc through a column of highly
ionized gas and metal vapors known as a plasma.
 When helium is used it is known as heliair welding.
 The process can be carried out with or without using the filler material.

Fig 02: Explanation of TIG welding

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4 Challenges in TIG welding
 Manual gas tungsten arc welding is a difficult welding method, due to the coordination
required by the welder.
 As in torch welding, GTAW requires two hands for welding process.
 Most of times applications require from the welder that he can manually feed a filler
metal into the weld area with one hand.
 Maintaining a short arc length, while preventing contact between the electrode and the
workpiece, is also important.

5 Processes
 The generation of spark is conductive path for the welding current through the shielding
gas and allow the arc to be initiated.
 The electrode and the workpiece have normal distance between each other about 1.5 mm
to 3 mm or 0.06 to 0.12 in.
 When the arc is struck, the welder moves the torch in a small circle to create a welding
pool.
 The size of pool depends on the size of the electrode and the amount of current.
 Maintaining a constant distance between the electrode and the workpiece, then operator
moves the torch back slightly.
 Filler metal is added manually to the front end of the weld pool if it is needed.

Fig 03: Process of TIG welding

6 Movement of filler material

 Welders are developing a technique of rapidly changing between moving the torch
forward and adding filler material.
 The filler rod is withdrawn from the weld pool each time when the electrode moves
forward.
 The filler rod is always kept inside the gas shield to prevent from oxidation and
contamination to inert gases.

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 Fig 04: Movement of filler material

7 Movement of filler electrodes

 Filler rods composed of metals with a low melting point, such as aluminum.
 It requires that operator maintain some distance from the arc while staying inside the gas
shield.
 If filler rod held too close to the arc, the filler rod can melt before completing the process
of welding.

Fig 05: Movement of filler rod

8 Applications of TIG welding

It is used in
 Aerospace industry

Fig 06: Aerospace industry

 Industries that use GTAW for welding thin workpieces, especially non-ferrous metals.
 Manufacturing of space vehicles.

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 Fig 07: Space vehicle

 Weld small diameter thin wall tubing that is used in bicycle industry.

Fig 08: TIG welding in Bicycle industry

 For the making of root or first-pass welds for piping of various sizes.
 Maintenance and repairing of many components like dies that is made from aluminum

9 Safety measures in TIG welding

 Welder should wear protective clothing, including light and thin leather gloves and
protective long boots to avoid exposure of strong ultraviolet light.
 Operators wear opaque helmets with dark eyes lenes and full head and neck coverage to
prevent from potential arc light
 Modern helmets feature a liquid crystal-type face plate. This type of helmets should save
us from UV light.

Fig 09: Full suit for TIG welding

 Transparent welding curtains that is made up of usually yellow or orange colour.

 Polyvinyl chloride is often used to shield nearby workers from exposure to UV light from
the electric arc.
 This process doesn’t produce as much smoke, but there are some risks related to TIG
welding that is welding with stainless steel that contain chromium.
 It is important for the welders to be aware of the risks of welding on alloy metals
 The brightness of the arc of in TIG welding can break down air to form ozone and nitric
oxides.

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  The ozone and nitric oxides react with lung tissue and moisture crate nitric acid and
ozone burn.
The room where tig welding perform is complete cover all walls.

Fig 10: Room where TIG welding perform

10 Conclusion
TIG welding needs highly skilled workers to produce high quality weld. Maximum weld quality
is assured by maintaining cleanliness—all equipment and materials used must be free from oil,
moisture, dirt and other impurities. This is good welding than other types of welding.

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