Stat

 1510  
Chapters  9  -­‐  10  Worksheet
Chapter  10  topics  are  labeled  as  such.

1. Addressing  assump8ons  prior  to  calcula8ng  probabili8es  is  thought  to  be  a  crucial  step  in  data  analysis.  Why?

2. The   metropolitan   airport   commission   is   considering  the  establishment   of  limita8ons   on   the   extent   of   noise  
pollu8on  around  a  local  airport.    At  the  present  8me  the   noise  level  per  jet   takeoff  in  one  neighborhood  near  
the  airport   is  approximately  normally  distributed   with   a  mean   of   100   decibels  and   a  standard   devia8on   of  6  
decibels.
2.1. What  is  the  probability  that  a  randomly  selected  jet  will  generate  a  noise  level  greater  than  108  decibels?

2.2. What  is  the  probability  that  a   randomly  selected  jet   will   generate  a  noise  level  greater   than  105  decibels  
or  less  than  92  decibels?

2.3. What  is  the  probability  that  a  randomly  selected  jet  will  generate  a  noise  level  of  exactly  100  decibels?

2.4. (Chapter  10)  What  is  the  probability  that   the  average  noise  level  of  the  20   randomly  selected   jest  will  be  
greater  than  108  decibels?

2.5. (Chapter  10)  Discuss  the  difference  in  answers  between  part  (1)  and  part  (4).

2.6. Suppose  a   regula8on  is  passed  that  requires  jet   noise  in  this  neighborhood   to  be  lower   than  105  decibels  
95%   of  the  8me.    Assuming  the  standard   devia8on  remains  the  same,  how  much  will   the  popula8on  mean  
noise  level  have  to  be  lowered  to  comply  with  the  regula8on?

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3. Suppose   a   test   of  coordina8on  for   first-­‐graders  is  scored   so   that   the   mean   for   all  first-­‐graders  in   50  and   the  
standard  devia8on  is  15.    If  we  assume  further   that   the  distribu8on  is  normal,  what  percent  of  the  first-­‐graders  
have  the  following  scores?
3.1. Below  30.

3.2. Between  40  and  70.

3.3. Above  65.

3.4. Greater  than  1.3  standard  devia8ons  from  the  mean?

3.5. (Chapter  10)  Would  you  expect  the  average  score  of   35  randomly  selected   first-­‐graders  to   be  greater  than  
65?  Why?

4. With  the   implanta8on  of  ar8ficial  hearts  in   humans  there  is  a  chance  of  internal  infec8on,  a  problem   that  has  
occurred  with   implants   in  animals.     Experiments   show  that   calves  implanted  with  ar8ficial   hearts   can  live  an  
average   of  80   days.     Suppose  the  distribu8on   of  the  number   of  days  that   a  calf   implanted   with   an  ar8ficial  
heart  can  live  is  approximately  normal  with  a  standard  devia8on  of  25  days.
4.1. What   is  the  probability  that  a  randomly  selected  calf  implanted  with  an  ar8ficial  heart  will  live  longer  than  
120  days?

4.2. Thirty  percent  of  all  calves  implanted  with  an  ar8ficial  heart  live  longer  than  D  days.    Find  the  value  of  D.

4.3. (Chapter  10)   If   a   new  procedure   was   tested   on  37   calves  and   average  survival   8me  was  103   days,   does  
this  suggest  the  new  procedure  may  be  working  beZer  than  the  old  procedure?  Why?

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5. The  Wall  Street   Journal   (July   12,  1996)  reported  that   a  vaca8oning  family  of  4  spends  a  daily   average   of  $193  
for  lodging  and  food.    Assume   that  these   expenditures  are  approximately  normally  distributed  with  a  standard  
devia8on  of  $38.    What  percentage  of  families  spend  at  least  $250  on  food  and  lodging?

6. Fast   Auto   Service  provides  oil   and   lube  service  for  cars.     It   is  known   that  the  mean   8me  taken   for  oil   and  lube  
service  at  this  garage  is  15  minutes   per   car  and  the  standard  devia8on  is  2.4  minutes.     The  management  wants  
to  promote  the  business  by  guaranteeing  a  maximum  wai8ng  8me  for  its  customers.    If  a  customer's  car  is  not  
serviced   within   that  period,  the  customer   will  receive  a   50%   discount  on   the   charges.    The  company  wants  to  
limit  this  discount   to  at  most   5%   of   the  customers.    What   should   the  maximum  guaranteed  wai8ng  8me  be?    
Assume  that  the  8mes  taken  for  oil  and  lube  service  for  all  cars  have  a  normal  distribu8on.

7. A   machine   at   JKS&T   Corpora8on   fills   64-­‐ounce   detergent   jugs.     The   machine   can   be   adjusted   to   pour,   on  
average,  any  amount   of  detergent   into   these   jugs.    However,  the   machine   does   not   pour   exactly   the   same  
amount   of   detergent   in   each   jug,  it   varies  from   jug   to   jug.     It   is   known   that   the   net   amount   of   detergent  
poured  into  each  jug  has  a  normal  distribu8on  with  a  standard  devia8on  of  0.4  ounces.    
7.1. The  quality  control   inspector   wants  to   adjust   the   machine   such  that  at   least   95%  of   the  jugs   have   more  
than   64  ounces   of  detergent.     What   should  the  mean   amount   of  detergent  poured   by  this  machine  into  
these  jugs  be?

7.2. (Chapter  10)  Having  found   the  average  that   is  needed  for   part  (1),  the  machine  was  adjusted  to   produce  
that  average.  A  week  later,  a  sample  of  37  jugs   was  taken  and  the  sample  average  was  found   to  be  64.475  
ounces.  Does  this  suggest  the  machine  needs  to  be  adjusted  again?  Why?

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8. (Chapter  10)   Soon  aaer  the  aZacks  of  9/11,  92%  of  those  surveyed   in   the  United   States  stated  they  support  
the  job  President  Bush  was  doing  in  response  to  those  aZacks.  
8.1. How  likely  is  it  that   a  sample  of  145  randomly  selected  U.S.  residents  would  have  resulted   in   an   approval  
ra8ng  (in  reference  to  the  president’s  response  to  the  September  11th  terrorist  aZacks)  of  less  than  80%?  

8.2. What  is  the  probability  that  a  sample  of  200  would  result  in  an  approval  ra8ng  of  at  least  96%?

8.3. Suppose  a  sample  of  200   did  result  in  an  approval  ra8ng  of  96%.  Calculate  the  z-­‐score  and   compare  it  with  
your  answer  in  part  (2).  Do  the  two  answers  bring  you  to  the  same  general  conclusion?

9. (Chapter  10)  It  is  said  that   the  Central  Limit  Theorem  may  be  the  most  important   theorem  in  all   of   sta8s8cal  
analysis.  Why?

10. (Chapter  10)   It   is   believed   that   the   distribu8on   of   IQ  scores   is   normal   with   a  mean   of   100   and   a  standard  
devia8on   of  16.  If  37   people  were  randomly  selected,   what   is  the  probability   that   their   average  IQ   is   more  
than  120?