Air Conditioning and Ventilation System

ME 65
AIR-CONDITIONING SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN OF CENTRALIZED AIR

CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR NATURAL SCIENCES RESEARCH CENTER
BUILDING OF CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY
(AIR CONDITIONING AND VENTILATION SYSTEM)
SUBMITTED TO:
DR. CONSTANCIO M. VERULA, JR
Instructor
SUBMITTED BY:
Gonzales, Jannine C.
Yandug, Jude
Malayo, Juneiver S.
Babanto Rhey Cris E.
Cena Lanie Jane
Ybanez, Jefryl
Viason, Darwin
Balinas, Eugenio Jr.
Advincula, Arthuro
Mirafilez. Emmanuel
OCTOBER 2013
AIR-CONDITIONING
SPECIFICATION
Natural Sciences Research Center Building 2nd Floor:
Molecular Bio/Tech Lab
Electrical Components: Wattage
1 unit Biofreezer (-80℃) 1200 Watts
4 units of Laptop 320 Watts
20 units of 20W fluorescent lamps 400 Watts
5 units of 5W Light Bulbs 25 Watts
Dimensions: Area
Floor Area 8m x 8m
Roof Area 8m x 8m
Height 3m
Rear Door facing SW 1.55 m2
Front Door facing NW 3.15 m2
¼ thick 33’’ x 36’’ glass 0.764 m2
8 sets of ¼ thick of 14’’ x 16’’ glass 1.16 m2
16 sets of ¼ thick of 10’’ x 16’’ glass 1.65
m2
¼ thick glass window 4.7 m2
Micro Technic Lab:
Electical Components: Wattage

4 units of 20W Fluorescent lamps 120 Watts
Dimensions: Area
Floor Area 4m x 4m
Roof Area 4m x 4m
Height 3m
1 Door 1.55 m2
4 sets of 14’’ x 16’’ glass 0.578 m2
8 sets of 12’’ x 16’’ glass 0.991 m2
Chemicals Room:
Dimensions: Area
Floor 8m x 4m
Roof 8m x 4m
Height 3m
16 sets of ¼ thick of 10’’ x 16’’ glass
1.65 m2

Equipments Room:
1 unit of 200W Personal Computer 200 Watts
1 unit Printer 150 Watts
1 unit Sonicator 920 Watts
2 units of Rotary Evaporator w/ Complete Accessories 3500 Watts
1 unit Microplate Reader w/ Fluorometer 288 Watts
1 unit CO2 Chamber 1800 Watts
1 unit Thermal Cycler 640 Watts
1 unit Gel Documentation System 192 Watts
1 unit Refrigerated Centrifuge 700 Watts
1 unit Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 45 Watts
1 unit Real Time PCR Machine 700 Watts
1 unit fluorescence/inverted Microscope 150 Watts
1 Biological Safety Cabinet 520 Watts
Dimensions: Area
Floor 12m x 4m
Roof 12m x 4m
16 sets of 10’’ x 16’’ glass 1.65 m2

Height 3m
¼ thick 33’’ x 36’’ glass 0.764 m2
Natural Science Laboratory
1 unit HPLC with fraction Collector 288 Watts
Dimensions: Area
Floor 8m x 8m
Roof 8m x 8m
Height 3m
¼ thick 33’’ x 36’’ glass 0.764 m2
16 sets of ¼ thick of 10’’ x 16’’ glass 1.65
m2
¼ thick glass window 4.7 m2

Cooling Load Calculations:
A. From Occupants:
1. Molecular Bio/Tech Laboratory
Assume 7 hours of operation and all non smoking and standing. Sensible
heat QS , and latent heat QL per occupant is taken from the book “Refrigeration
and Air-conditioning” by Stoeker and Jones, table 4-7, page 73, heat gain
from occupants is 150W and from table 4-9, page 74 CLF = 0.84.
Taking the average person inside is 7.
Heat gain
Qs = × number of occupants× CLF
occupant
Assuming maximum number of people inside is 15.
150 w
Qs = × 15 occupants× 0.84
occupant
QS = 1,890 Watts
2. Micro Technic Lab
Assume all seated and quiet, heat gain = 100 w
100 w
occupant
QS = 840 Watts
3. Chemicals Room
Assume all standing, heat gain = 150 w
150 w
occupant
QS = 1,260 Watts
4. Equipments Room
Assume all standing, heat gain from occupants = 150W
150 w
occupant
QS = 1,890 Watts
5. Natural Science Laboratory
Assume all standing, heat gain = 150 w
150 w
occupant
QS = 1,890 Watts
B. From Lighting (assume all lighting is turned on 12 hours)
1. Molecular Bio/Tech Lab
Qe = W x Fu x Fb x CLF
Where:
Qe = heat gain
W = total light wattage
Fu = lighting use factor = 1.0, turned on 12 hours per day
Fb = ballast factor = 1.2, for most common fluorescent lamp fixtures
CLF = 0.91, from table 4-6, for 16 hours of operation
Qe = 425w (1.0)(1.2)(0.91)
Qe = 464.1 watts
Qe = 80w (1.0)(1.2)(0.91)
Qe = 87.36 watts
3. Chemicals Room
Qe = 160w (1.0)(1.2)(0.91)
Qe = 174.72 watts
4. Equipments Room
Qe = 240w (1.0)(1.2)(0.91)
Qe = 262.08 watts
Qe = 425w (1.0)(1.2)(0.91)
Qe = 464.1watts
C. From Infiltration:
Molecular Bio/Tech Lab, Micro Technic Lab, Chemicals Room,
Equipments Room and Natural Science Laboratory.
Assumptions:
a. Doors are always closed; it opens only if there is someone
who enters/exit.
q = 1.23Q (To – Ti)
where:
q = heat gain due to infiltration
Q = volumetric flow rate of outside air, L/s
To = 30℃, outside temperature
Ti = 24℃, inside temperature
From the same book, Q = 31 L/s, most common volumetric
flow rate of outside air.
q = 1.23(31 L/s)(30-24) ℃
q = 228.78 watts (each)

D. From Solar Heat Gain Through Window:
Qsg = Aw(SHGF)max(SC)(CLF)
Where:
Qsg = solar energy passing through the window
Aw = window area
SHGFmax = maximum solar heat gain factor
SC = shading coefficient
CLF = cooling load factor
From table 4-11, “Refrigeration and Air-conditioning”, by Stoeker and Jones,
SC = 0.70 (Single glass, Heat-absorbing, No indoor shading). Assume peak
load loading may occur at 10:00 am and 3:00 pm
Front Windows
CLF = 0.37
For NE facing window at 10:00 am 3:00 pm, the windows are shaded and
does not hit by the sunlight, therefore, there is no need to compute solar heat
gain.
Rear Windows
For SW facing window at 10:00 am, the windows are shaded and does not hit
by the sunlight, therefore, there is no need to compute solar heat gain.
For SW facing window at 3:00 pm
CLF = 0.83
From table 4-10
Assume maximum heat gain factor may occur in May and July
SHGFmax = SE/SW = 480 W/m2
Qsg = 5.464 m2 (480 W/m2) (0.70)(0.83)
Qsg = 1,523.8 Watts
For NE facing window at 10:00 am and 3:00 pm, the windows are shaded
and does not hit by the sunlight, therefore, there is no need to compute solar
heat gain. Therefore there is no solar heat gain from windows.
3. Chemicals Room
For NE facing window at 10:00 am and 3:00 pm, the windows are
shaded and does not hit by the sunlight, therefore, there is no need to compute
solar heat gain. Therefore there is no solar heat gain from windows.
4. Equipments Room
From table 4-11, “Refrigeration and Air-conditioning”, by Stoeker and
Jones, SC = 0.70 (Single glass, Heat-absorbing, No indoor shading). Assume
peak load loading may occur at 10:00 am and 3:00 pm
Rear Window
CLF = 0.83
From table 4-10
Qsg = 5.464 (480 W/m2) (0.70)(0.83)
Qsg = 1,523.8 Watts
From table 4-11, “Refrigeration and Air-conditioning”, by Stoeker and Jones,
SC = 0.70 (Single glass, Heat-absorbing, No indoor shading). Assume peak
load loading may occur at 10:00 am and 3:00 pm
Front Windows
CLF = 0.37
For NE facing window at 10:00 am 3:00 pm, the windows are shaded and
does not hit by the sunlight, therefore, there is no need to compute solar heat
gain.
Rear Windows
CLF = 0.83
From table 4-10
Qsg = 5.464 m2 (480 W/m2) (0.70)(0.83)
Qsg = 1,523.8 Watts

E. Heat Gain by Thermal Transmission
a) From wall:
q = UA(To – Ti)
where:
q = heat gain by thermal transmission
U = overall heat transfer coefficient
A = surface area/wall area
To = 30℃, outside temperature
Ti = 24℃, inside temperature
From table 4-4, same book
R = 0.18 m2K/W (for concrete block, sand and gravel
aggregate, 200 mm)
U = 1/R = 1/0.18
U = 5.56 W/m2K
For NE facing wall
A = (Total Area of the wall) – (Window Area) – (Door Area)
A = 24 m2 – 1.16 m2 – 3.15 m2
A = 19.69 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (19.69 m2)(30-24)
q = 656.858 Watts
For NW facing wall
A = 24 m2 – 0 – 0
A = 24 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (24 m2)(30-24)
q = 800.64 Watts
For SW facing wall
A = 24 m2 – 4.7 m2 – 1.55 m2
A = 17.75 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (17.75 m2)(30-24)
q = 592.14 Watts
b) From glass
q = UA(To – Ti)
From table 4-4, same book, Flat glass, single glass, summer
U = 5.9 W/m2K
q = 5.9 W/m2K(8.274 m2)(30-24)
q = 292.9 Watts
c) From roof:
q = UwAr(Te – Ti) or q = UAr(CLTD)
where:
q = heat gain from roof
Uw = overall heat transfer coefficient
Te = sol-air temperature
Ti = inside room temperature
Ar = roof area
CLTD = Te + (Tave – 29), Tave = the average
outdoor dry bulb temperature
From table 4-14, same book, roofs with suspended ceilings with
solar time of 2 pm, roof type 1
Te = 43℃ and R = 1.2 m2K/W
U = 1/R = 1/1.2
U= 0.83 W/m2K
CLTD = 43℃ + (30 – 29) = 44
q = UAr(CLTD) = 0.83 W/m2K(64 m2)(44)
q = 2,337.28 Watts

a) From wall:
q = UA(To – Ti)
aggregate, 200 mm)
U = 1/R = 1/0.18
U = 5.56 W/m2K
For NE facing wall
A = 12 m2 – 1.569 m2 – 1.55 m2
A = 8.881 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (8.881 m2)(30-24)
q = 296.27 Watts
b) From glass
q = UA(To – Ti)
U = 5.9 W/m2K
q = 5.9 W/m2K(1.569 m2)(30-24)
q = 55.543 Watts
c) From roof:
Te = 43℃ and R = 1.2 m2K/W
U = 1/R = 1/1.2
U= 0.83 W/m2K
CLTD = 43℃ + (30 – 29) = 44
q = UAr(CLTD) = 0.83 W/m2K(16 m2)(44)
q = 548.32 Watts
3. Chemicals Room
a) From wall:
q = UA(To – Ti)
aggregate, 200 mm)
U = 1/R = 1/0.18
U = 5.56 W/m2K
For NE facing wall
A = 24 m2 – 1.16 m2 - 3.15 m2
A = 19.69 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (19.69 m2)(30-24)
q = 656.858 Watts
b) From glass
q = UA(To – Ti)
U = 5.9 W/m2K
q = 5.9 W/m2K(2.81 m2)(30-24)
q = 99.305 Watts
c) From roof:
Te = 43℃ and R = 1.2 m2K/W
U = 1/R = 1/1.2
U= 0.83 W/m2K
CLTD = 43℃ + (30 – 29) = 44
q = UAr(CLTD) = 0.83 W/m2K(16 m2)(44)
q = 548.32 Watts
4. Equipments Room
a) From wall:
q = UA(To – Ti)
aggregate, 200 mm)
U = 1/R = 1/0.18
U = 5.56 W/m2K
For SW facing wall
A = (Total Area of the wall) – (Area of the window)
A = 36 m2 – 4.7 m2 – 1.55 m2
A = 29.75 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (29.75 m2)(30-24)
q = 992.46 Watts
b) From glass
q = UA(To – Ti)
U = 5.9 W/m2K
q = 5.9 W/m2K(8.274 m2)(30-24)
q = 292.9 Watts
c) From roof:
Te = 43℃ and R = 1.2 m2K/W
U = 1/R = 1/1.2
U= 0.83 W/m2K
CLTD = 43℃ + (30 – 29) = 44
q = UAr(CLTD) = 0.83 W/m2K(48 m2)(44)
q = 1,752 Watts
a) From wall:
q = UA(To – Ti)
aggregate, 200 mm)
U = 1/R = 1/0.18
U = 5.56 W/m2K
For NE facing wall

A = 24 m2 – 1.16 m2 – 3.15 m2
A = 19.69 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (19.69 m2)(30-24)
q = 656.858 Watts
For SE facing wall
A = 24 m2 – 0 – 0
A = 24 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (24 m2)(30-24)
q = 800.64 Watts
For SW facing wall
A = 24 m2 – 4.7 m2 – 1.55 m2
A = 17.75 m2
Then,
q = 5.56 W/m2K (17.75 m2)(30-24)
q = 592.14 Watts
b) From glass
q = UA(To – Ti)
U = 5.9 W/m2K
q = 5.9 W/m2K(8.274 m2)(30-24)
q = 292.9 Watts
c) From roof:
Te = 43℃ and R = 1.2 m2K/W
U = 1/R = 1/1.2
U= 0.83 W/m2K
CLTD = 43℃ + (30 – 29) = 44
q = UAr(CLTD) = 0.83 W/m2K(64 m2)(44)
q = 2,337.28 Watts
F. Heat Gain from Equipment
1 unit Biofreezer (-80℃) 1200 Watts
4 units of 20W Fluorescent lamps 120 Watts
3. Chemicals Room
4. Equipments Room
1 unit of 200W Personal Computer 200 Watts
1 unit Printer 150 Watts
1 unit Sonicator 920 Watts
2 units of Rotary Evaporator w/ Complete Accessories 3500 Watts

1 unit Microplate Reader w/ Fluorometer 288 Watts
1 unit CO2 Chamber 1800 Watts
1 unit Thermal Cycler 640 Watts
1 unit Gel Documentation System 192 Watts
1 unit Refrigerated Centrifuge 700 Watts
1 unit Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 45 Watts
1 unit Real Time PCR Machine 700 Watts
1 unit fluorescence/inverted Microscope 150 Watts
1 Biological Safety Cabinet 520 Watts
1 unit HPLC with fraction Collector 288 Watts

G. Solving for the volume flow rate of air needed every room:
Qt = maCp(∆T)
Qt = ma [1.0 + 1.88(W1)](T2 – T1)
Va = maѵf
where:
Qt = total heat gain for every room
Ti = temperature of air before entering the room
T2 = temperature of the room
W1 = humidity ratio of air at Ti
Va = Volume flow rate of air
ma = mass of air
ѵf = specific volume of air at Ti
Assume temperature of air before entering the room, Ti = 17℃,
from table A-2, same book @Ti = 17℃, W1 = 0.01218 kg of water/kg of
dry air, ѵf = 0.8377 m3/kg.
Then solving for the total heat gain in the room
Qt = 1,890 + 464.1 + 228.78 + 1,523.8 + 4,679.818 + 1,945
Qt = 10,731.498 Watts = 10.732 kW
10.732
ma ¿
[1.0+ 1.88 ( 0.01218 ) ]( 24−17)
ma = 1.5 kg / s
Va = ma ѵf = 1.5 kg/s(0.8377 m3/kg)
Va = 1.257 m3/s
Qt = maCp(∆T)
Qt = ma [1.0 + 1.88(W1)](T2 – T1)
Va = maѵf
Qt = 840 + 87.36 + 228.78 + 900.133 + 440
Qt = 2,456.273 Watts = 2.46 kW
2.46
ma ¿
[1.0+ 1.88 ( 0.01218 ) ]( 24−17)
ma = 0.344 kg/s
Va = ma ѵf = 0.344 kg/s(0.8377 m3/kg)
Va = 0.288 m3/s
3. Chemicals Room
Qt = maCp(∆T)
Qt = ma [1.0 + 1.88(W1)](T2 – T1)
Va = maѵf
Qt = 1,260 + 174.72 + 228.78 + 1,304.483 + 480
Qt = 3,447.983 Watts = 3.48 kW
3.48
ma ¿
[1.0+ 1.88 ( 0.01218 ) ]( 24−17)
ma = 0.486 kg/s
Va = ma ѵf = 0.486 kg/s(0.8377 m3/kg)

Va = 0.407 m3/s
4. Equipments Room
Qt = maCp(∆T)
Qt = ma [1.0 + 1.88(W1)](T2 – T1)
Va = maѵf
Qt = 1,890 + 262.08 + 228.78 + 1,523.8 + 3,037.36 + 9,860
Qt = 16,802.02 Watts = 16.802 kW
16.802
ma ¿
[1.0+ 1.88 ( 0.01218 ) ]( 24−17)
ma = 2.347 kg/s
Va = ma ѵf = 2.347(0.8377 m3/kg)
Va = 1.97 m3/s
Qt = maCp(∆T)
Qt = ma [1.0 + 1.88(W1)](T2 – T1)
Va = maѵf
Qt = 1,890 + 464.1 + 228.78 + 1,523.8 + 4,679.818 + 1,033
Qt = 9,819.498 Watts = 9.82 kW
9.82
ma ¿
[1.0+ 1.88 ( 0.01218 ) ]( 24−17)
ma = 1.37 kg/s
Va = ma ѵf = 1.37 kg/s(0.8377 m3/kg)
Va = 1.15 m3/s
H. Solving for TOR needed in each room
q
Qt ¿ × area of airconditioned space
total area
Assume the total area of the room was fully air-conditioned, and it is turned
on 8 hours daily:
Qt = 10.732 kW
Q t ×total number∨hours the unit wasturned on

Refrigeration Capacity =
24 hrs
10.732× 8 hrs TOR

Ref. Capacity = =3.58 (1 )
24 hrs 3.516 kw
Ref. Capacity = 1.02 TOR
q
total area
on 8 hours daily:
Qt = 2.48 kW

24 hrs
2.48× 8 hrs TOR
Ref. Capacity = =0.827(1 )
24 hrs 3.516 kw
3. Chemicals Room
q
total area
on 8 hours daily:
Qt = 3.48 kW

24 hrs
3.48× 8 hrs TOR

24 hrs 3.516 kw
4. Equipments Room
q
total area
on 8 hours daily:
Qt = 16.802 kW

24 hrs
16.802× 8 hrs TOR

24 hrs 3.516 kw
Ref. Capacity = 1.593

q
total area
on 8 hours daily: Qt = 9.82 kW

24 hrs
9.82× 8 hrs TOR

24 hrs 3.516 kw
I. Number of Air-conditioning units required:
 Molecular Bio/Tech Lab
Unit = Split type (Ceiling mounted)
o Koppel
o 9.0 kJ/h EER
o 42dBA
o 1,007 mm width x 670 mm depth x 271 mm height
o 48 kg
Cooling load per unit = 18,990 KJ/h = 5.28 kW
Motor = 2 Hp
Ref .Capacity
Number of units required =
Cooling load per unit
3.58 kW
Number of units required = = 0.678
5.28 kW
Number of unit(s) = 1
 Micro Technic Lab, Chemicals Room and Equipment Room
Base on the floor plan, to fit and economize the design the Micro Technic
Lab, Chemicals Room and Equipment Room should have Variable
Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system.
 Micro Technic Lab
Unit = VRF split system (wall mounted)
o LG
o 39 dBA
o 895 mm width x 165 mm depth x 282 mm height
o 9 kg
Cooling load per unit = 9,600 kJ/h = 2.67 kW
Motor = 1 Hp
Ref .Capacity
0.827 kW
2.67 kW
 Chemicals Room
Unit = VRF split system (wall mounted)
o LG
o 39 dBA

o 9 kg
Motor = 1 Hp
Ref .Capacity
1.16 kW
2.67 kW
 Equipments Room
Unit = VRF split system (Ceiling mounted)
o LG
o 43 dBA
o 1,090 mm width x 178 mm depth x 300 mm height
o 12 kg
Motor = 3 Hp
Ref .Capacity
5.601kW
6.72kW
 Natural Science Laboratory
Unit = Split type (wall mounted)

o Koppel
o 13.7 kJ/h EER
o 9 kg
Cooling load per unit = 12,600 KJ/h = 3.5 kW
Motor = 1.5 Hp
Ref .Capacity
3.273 kW
3.5 kW
DESIGN OF CENTRALIZED AIR CONDITIONING

SYSTEM
This part is the design of Air Conditioning Ducts for the 2nd Floor Natural Science
Research Center Building.
Figure below shows a typical duct layout of the building. Design the duct system uses
Velocity method for the calculation of Fan Total Pressure.
For design purposes, the assumptions and conditions below are to be considered:
 Assume that the velocity if the main and branch ducts are 8 m/s and 5 m/s
respectively.
 The duct is to be a rectangular duct having an aspect ratio of 1:8 for the very
purpose that the height of the duct should not exceed to more than 0.3 meter as
the clearance between the roof and ceiling of the building is only 0.3 meters.
 Assume a dynamic loss coefficient of 0.3 for upstream to downstream and 0.8 for
upstream to branch and for the elbow. The dynamic loss coefficients for the
outlets may be taken as 1.0.
 A velocity method of duct design is to be taken.
a.) Calculation of dimensions of rectangular duct:

@ Segment A
Q = 7.479
V =8
Q 0 .749
A= = =0. 9349
V 8
Solving for a and b (a/b = 1/8):
Thus, b = 8a
2
A=ab=8 a
A 0 .934875
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 . 3418 m
b=8 a=2. 7348 m
@ Segment B
Q = 1.257 V =5
Q 1. 257
A= = =0 . 2514
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .2514
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0. 1773 m
b=8 a=1. 4182 m
@ Segment C
Q = 6.222
V =5
Q 6 .222
A= = =1 .2444
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 1. 2444
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 .3944 m
b=8 a=3. 1552 m
@ Segment D
Q = 1.257
V =5
Q 1. 257
A= = =0 . 2514
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .2514
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0. 1773 m
b=8 a=1. 4182 m
@ Segment E
Q = 4.96
V =5
Q 4 . 965
A= = =0. 993
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .993
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 . 3523 m
b=8 a=2. 8185 m
@ Segment F
Q = 0.288
V =5
Q 0 .288
A= = =0. 0576
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .0576
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 . 0849 m
b=8 a=0 .6788 m
@ Segment G
Q = 4.667
V =5
Q 4 . 667
A= = =0. 9334
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .9334
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0. 3416 m
b=8 a=2. 7326 m
@ Segment H
Q = 1.97
V =5
Q 1. 97
A= = =0. 394
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .394
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 . 2219 m
b=8 a=1. 7754 m
@ Segment I
Q = 2.707
V =5
Q 2. 707
A= = =0 . 5414
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .5414
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 . 2601 m
b=8 a=2. 0812 m
@ Segment J
Q = 0.407
V =5
Q 0 . 407
A= = =0 . 0814
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .0814
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0. 1009 m
b=8 a=0 .807 m
@ Segment K
Q = 2.3
V =5
Q 2. 3
A= = =0 . 46
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 . 46
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 .2398 m
b=8 a=1. 9183 m
@ Segment L
Q = 1.15
V =5
Q 1. 15
A= = =0 . 23
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .23
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 . 1696 m
b=8 a=1. 3565 m
@ Segment M
Q = 1.15
V =5
Q 1. 15
A= = =0 . 23
V 5
Thus, b = 8a
A 0 .23
a=
√ √
8
=
8
= 0 . 1696
b=8 a=1. 3565
b.) Calculation of Equivalent Diameter for Rectangular Ducts:
( ab )0. 625 ( 0 . 3418 x 2. 7348 )0. 625

D eq , A =1. 3
(
( a+b )0 .25 ) (
=1. 3
( 0 .3418 + 2 .7348 )0 . 25 )
=0 . 9411 m
( ab )0. 625 ( 0 . 1773 x 1. 4182 )0 .625

Deq , B=1 .3
( ) (
( a+b )0 . 25
=1. 3
)
( 0 .1773 + 1 . 4182 )0. 25
=0 . 488 m
( ab )0 . 625 ( 0. 3944 x 3 .1552 )0 . 625

D eq ,C =1 . 3
(
( a+b )0. 25 ) (
=1 . 3
( 0 .3944 +3 . 1552 )0. 25 )=1 . 0858 m
( ab )0 . 625 ( 0. 1773 x 1 . 4182 )0. 625

Deq , D=1 . 3
(
( a+b )0. 25 ) (
=1 . 3
( 0 .1773 +1 . 4182 )0. 25 )=0 . 488 m
( ab )0 .625 ( 0. 3523 x 2. 8185 )0 . 625

Deq , E=1 .3
( ) (
( a+b )0. 25
=1 .3
)
( 0. 3523 +2 .8185 )0. 25
=0. 9699 m
( ab )0 . 625 ( 0. 0849 x 0 . 6788 )0. 625
Deq , F=1 . 3
(
( a+b )0. 25
=1 . 3
) (
( 0 .0849 +0 . 6788 )0 .25
=0 .2336 m
)
( ab )0. 625 ( 0 .3416 x 2 .7326 )0. 625
Deq ,G =1. 3
( ( a+b )0 .25 ) (
=1. 3
( 0 . 3416 +2 . 7326 )0 .25
=0 . 9404 m
)
`
( ab )0. 625 ( 0 . 2219 x 1. 7754 )0 . 625
Deq , H =1 .3
(
( a+b )0 . 25
=1 .3
) (
( 0 . 2219 +1. 7754 )0. 25
=0. 611 m
)
( ab )0. 625 ( 0 . 2601 x 2. 0812 )0. 625
Deq , I =1. 3
( ( a+b )0 .25
=1.
) (
3
( 0 . 2601 +2. 0812 )0. 25
=0 .7162 m
)
( ab )0. 625 ( 0 .1009 x 0 . 807 )0 . 625
D eq , J =1. 3
(
( a+b )0 .25
=1. 3
) (
( 0 .1009 +0. 807 )0. 25
=0 . 2777 m
)
( ab )0 . 625 ( 0 .2398 x 1 . 9183 )0. 625
D eq , K =1. 3
( ( a+b )0. 25
=1
) (
. 3
( 0 .2398 +1 . 9183 )0. 25
=0 .6602 m
)
( ab )0 . 625 ( 0. 1696 x 1. 3565 )0 . 625
D eq , L=1 . 3
(
( a+b )0. 25
=1 .3
) (
( 0 .1696 +1 .3565 )0 . 25
=0 . 4668 m
)
( ab )0 . 625 ( 0. 1696 x 1. 3565 )0 . 625
D eq , M =1 . 3
(
( a+b )0. 25
=1 .3
) (
( 0 .1696 +1 .3565 )0 . 25
=0 . 4668 m
)
c.) Calculation of Pressure drop in Each Segment
for frictional pressure loss:
0 . 022243 ( Q A )1 .852 ( L A ) 0 . 022243 ( 7 . 479 )

1. 852
(2 )
ΔP Af = 4. 973
=
( D eq, A ) 0 . 94114 . 973
= 2.4983 Pa
1. 852
0 . 022243 ( Q B ) ( LB ) 0 .022243 ( 1 .257 )
1 . 852
( 4)
ΔP Bf = 4. 973
= =4 . 8145 Pa
( Deq , B ) 0 . 4884 . 973
0. 022243 ( Qc )1. 852 ( LC ) 0. 022243 ( 6 .222 )
1 . 852
( 4)
ΔP Cf = 4 . 973
= =1 .7451Pa
( Deq, c ) 1 .0858 4 .973
0 .022243 ( Q D )1 . 852 ( L D ) 0 . 022243 ( 1 . 257 )

1. 852
(4 )
ΔP Df = 4 . 973
= =4 . 8145 Pa
( D eq, D ) 0 . 488 4. 973
0. 022243 ( Q E )1. 852 ( L B ) 0 . 022243 ( 4 . 965 )

1 .852
(4 )
ΔP Ef = 4 . 973
= =2 .0138 Pa
( D eq, E ) 0 . 96994 . 973
0. 022243 ( Q F )1 .852 ( L F ) 0 . 022243 ( 0 . 288 )

1. 852
(2)
ΔP Ff = 4. 973
= =6 .1315 Pa
( Deq , F ) 0 .2336 4 . 973
0 . 022243 ( QG )1. 852 ( LG ) 0 . 022243 ( 4 . 667 )

1. 852
(4 )
ΔP Gf = 4 . 973
= =2. 0945 Pa
( D eq, G ) 0 .9404 4 . 973
1. 852
0 .022243 ( Q H ) ( LH) 0 . 022243 ( 1. 97 )
1 .852
(6 )
ΔP Hf = 4 . 973
= =5 . 4304 Pa
( Deq , H ) 0 .611 4 . 973
0. 022243 ( Q I ) 1. 852 ( LI ) 0. 022243 ( 2 .707 )

1 . 852
(2)
ΔP If = 4. 973
= =1 . 4796 Pa
( D eq, I ) 0 .71624 . 973
1. 852
0. 022243 ( Q J ) ( LJ ) 0. 022243 ( 0 . 407 )
1 .852
(2)
ΔP Jf = 4 . 973
= =4 .9234 Pa
( Deq , J ) 0 .2777 4 . 973
0 . 022243 ( Q K )1. 852 ( L K ) 0 .022243 ( 2 .3 )

1 . 852
(6 )
ΔP Kf = 4 .973
= =4 . 9222 Pa
( Deq , K ) 0 .6602 4. 973
0 . 022243 ( QL ) 1. 852 ( LL ) 0 . 022243 (1 . 15 )

1. 852
(4 )
ΔP Lf = 4 . 973
= =5 . 0941 Pa
( Deq, L ) 0 . 4668 4. 973
0 . 022243 ( QM ) 1. 852 ( LM ) 0 . 022243 ( 1 .15 )

1. 852
( 4)
ΔP Mf = 4 . 973
= =5 . 0941 Pa
( D eq, M ) 0 . 46684 . 973
for dynamic pressure loss:

coefficients of dynamic loss:
C upstream to downstream (Cu-d) = 0.3
C upstream to branch and elbows (Cu-b, Celbow) = 0.8
C outlet or exit (Celbow) = 1.0
ρV 2 1. 2 ( 52 )
ΔP u−d =0. 3 ( ) (
2
=0 . 3
2 ) =4 .5 Pa
ρV 2 1. 2 ( 52 )
ΔP u−b =0 . 8 ( ) (
2
=0 . 8
2 ) =12 Pa
ρV 2 1. 2 ( 5 2 )
ΔP elbow =0 . 8 ( ) (
2
=0 .8
2 )
=12 Pa
ρV 2 1. 2 ( 52 )
( ) (
ΔP exit =1 . 0
2
=1. 0
2 ) =15 Pa
c.) Calculation of Pressure drop in Each Section
@ Section A-B
∆PA-B = ∆PAf + ∆PBf + ∆Pu-b + ∆Pexit
∆PA-B = 2.4983 + 4 . 8145 + 12 + 15 = 34.313 Pa
@ Section ACD
∆PACD = ∆PAf + ∆PCf + ∆PDf + ∆Pu-d,C + ∆Pu-b,D + ∆Pexit
∆PACD = 2.4983 + 1.7451 + 4.8145 + 4.5 + 12 + 15 = 40.5579 Pa
@ Section ACEF
∆PACEF = ∆PAf + ∆PCf +∆PEf + ∆PFf + ∆Pu-d,C + ∆Pu-d,E + ∆Pu-b,F + ∆Pexit
∆PACEF = 2.4983 + 1.7451 + 2.0138 + 6.1315 + 4.5 + 4.5 + 12 + 15 = 48.389 Pa
@ Section ACEGH
∆PACEGH = ∆PAf + ∆PCf +∆PEf + ∆PGf + ∆PHf + ∆Pu-d,C + ∆Pu-d,E + ∆Pu-d,G + ∆Pu-b,H + ∆Pexit
∆PACEGH = 2.4983 + 1.7451 + 2.0138 + 2.0945 + 5.4304 + 4.5 + 4.5 + 4.5 + 12 + 15 = 54.282 Pa
@ Section ACEGIJ
∆PACEGIJ = ∆PAf + ∆PCf +∆PEf + ∆PGf + ∆PIf + ∆PJf + ∆Pu-d,C + ∆Pu-d,E + ∆Pu-d,G + ∆Pu-d,I +
∆Pu-b,J + ∆Pexit
∆PACEGIJ = 2.4983 + 1.7451+ 2.0138 + .0945 + 1.4796 + 4.9234 +4.5 + 4.5 +4.5 + 4.5 + 12 + 15
∆PACEGIJ = 59.754 Pa
@ Section ACEGIKL
∆PACEGIKL = ∆PAf + ∆PCf +∆PEf + ∆PGf + ∆PIf + ∆PKf + ∆PLf + ∆Pu-d,C + ∆Pu-d,E + ∆Pu-d,G +
∆Pu-d,I ∆Pu-d,K + ∆Pu-b,L + ∆Pexit
= 2.4983 + 1.7451 + 2.0138 + 2.0945 + 1.4796 + 4.9222 + 5.0941 + 4.5 + 4.5 +4.5+
4.5 +4.5 + 12 + 15
∆PACEGIKL = 69.3476 Pa
@ Section ACEGIKM
∆PACEGIKM = ∆PAf + ∆PCf +∆PEf + ∆PGf + ∆PIf + ∆PKf + ∆PMf + ∆Pu-d,C + ∆Pu-d,E + ∆Pu-d,G +
∆Pu-d,I + ∆Pu-d,K + ∆Pu-d,M + ∆Pelbow + ∆Pexit
= 2.4983 + 1.7451 + 2.0138 + 2.0945 + 1.4796 + 4.9222 + 5.0941 + 4.5 + 4.5
+4.5+ 4.5 +4.5 + 4.5 + 12 + 15
∆PACEGIKM = 73.8476 Pa
Thus the run with maximum pressure drop is A-C-E-G-I-K-M is the index run. Hence the FTP
required is:
FTP = ∆PACEGIKM = 73.8476 Pa
d.) Amount of dampering required in each run:
Amount of dampering required at 1:
FTP - ∆ P A −B = 73.8476 Pa – 34.313 Pa = 39.5346 Pa
FTP - ∆ P A −C−D = 73.8476 Pa – 40.5579 Pa = 33.2897 Pa

FTP - ∆ P A −C−E −F = 73.8476 Pa – 48.389 Pa = 25.4586 Pa
FTP - ∆ P A −C−E −G −H = 73.8476 Pa – 54.282 Pa = 19.5656 Pa
FTP - ∆ P A −C−E −G −I− J = 73.8476 Pa – 59.754 Pa = 14.0936 Pa
FTP - ∆ P A −C−E −G −I− K− L = 73.8476 Pa – = 69.3476 Pa = 4.5 Pa

Air Conditioning and Ventilation System

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ME 65

AIR-CONDITIONING SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN OF CENTRALIZED AIR

(AIR CONDITIONING AND VENTILATION SYSTEM)

Molecular Bio/Tech Lab

Electrical Components: Wattage

1 unit Biofreezer (-80℃) 1200 Watts

4 units of Laptop 320 Watts

20 units of 20W fluorescent lamps 400 Watts

5 units of 5W Light Bulbs 25 Watts

Rear Door facing SW 1.55 m2

Front Door facing NW 3.15 m2

¼ thick 33’’ x 36’’ glass 0.764 m2

8 sets of ¼ thick of 14’’ x 16’’ glass 1.16 m2

16 sets of ¼ thick of 10’’ x 16’’ glass 1.65

¼ thick glass window 4.7 m2

Micro Technic Lab:

Electical Components: Wattage

4 units of Laptop 320 Watts

4 sets of 14’’ x 16’’ glass 0.578 m2

8 sets of 12’’ x 16’’ glass 0.991 m2

Electrical Components: Wattage

4 units of Laptop 320 Watts

8 units of 20W fluorescent lamps 160 Watts

Front Door facing NW 3.15 m2

16 sets of ¼ thick of 10’’ x 16’’ glass

8 sets of ¼ thick of 14’’ x 16’’ glass 1.16 m2

Electrical Components: Wattage

7 units of Laptop 560 Watts

1 unit of 200W Personal Computer 200 Watts

1 unit Printer 150 Watts

1 unit Sonicator 920 Watts

2 units of Rotary Evaporator w/ Complete Accessories 3500 Watts

1 unit Microplate Reader w/ Fluorometer 288 Watts

1 unit CO2 Chamber 1800 Watts

1 unit Thermal Cycler 640 Watts

1 unit Gel Documentation System 192 Watts

1 unit Refrigerated Centrifuge 700 Watts

1 unit Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 45 Watts

1 unit Real Time PCR Machine 700 Watts

1 unit fluorescence/inverted Microscope 150 Watts

1 Biological Safety Cabinet 520 Watts

12 units of 20W fluorescent lamps 240 Watts

16 sets of 10’’ x 16’’ glass 1.65 m2

Rear Door facing SW 1.55 m2

¼ thick 33’’ x 36’’ glass 0.764 m2

Natural Science Laboratory

Electrical Components: Wattage

4 units of Laptop 320 Watts

1 unit HPLC with fraction Collector 288 Watts

20 units of 20W fluorescent lamps 400 Watts

5 units of 5W Light Bulbs 25 Watts

Rear Door facing SW 1.55 m2

Front Door facing NW 3.15 m2

¼ thick 33’’ x 36’’ glass 0.764 m2

8 sets of ¼ thick of 14’’ x 16’’ glass 1.16 m2

16 sets of ¼ thick of 10’’ x 16’’ glass 1.65

¼ thick glass window 4.7 m2

1. Molecular Bio/Tech Laboratory

Taking the average person inside is 7.

Assuming maximum number of people inside is 15.

2. Micro Technic Lab

Assume all seated and quiet, heat gain = 100 w