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Effect of Electrostatic Waves On A RF Field Penetration Into Highly Collisional Helicon Plasmas
Effect of Electrostatic Waves On A RF Field Penetration Into Highly Collisional Helicon Plasmas
Abstract
The spatial distribution is examined of the azimuthal plasma current in highly collisional helicon plasma excited by ms0
antenna. The sheath of intense plasma current is shown to arise underneath the antenna due to the generation of strongly damped
electrostatic Trivelpiece–Gould waves via mode conversion of the helicon waves. The radial width of the sheath is substantially
smaller than the collisional skin size and drops inversely proportionally to the external magnetic field. The dependence of the
plasma load resistance on density saturates when the plasma countercurrent becomes strong enough to cancel the antenna fields
in the plasma interior. Computed resistance is shown to agree well with measured values under various conditions. 䊚 2002
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
0040-6090/02/$ - see front matter 䊚 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
PII: S 0 0 4 0 - 6 0 9 0 Ž 0 2 . 0 0 0 4 1 - X
216 S. Shinohara, K.P. Shamrai / Thin Solid Films 407 (2002) 215–220
Fig. 5. Radial depth of the current sheath in uniform plasma vs. mag-
netic field, at various densities.
Fig. 3. Contour plots of the azimuthal current density in uniform ICP
plasma (B0s0 G), at pArs51 mtorr and n0s2=1012 cmy3 (top) and nen20yB30k3I w13x. The radial size of halo can be estimated
2=1013 cmy3 (bottom).
from this formula with kNc replaced by a mean spectral
value of axial wavenumber, A(n0 yB0)1y2 w19x, so that
In the helicon mode, the plasma current is mainly
it scales as B3y2 1y2
0 ynen0 .
associated with the E=B0 drift of electrons in the wave
The radial width of the current sheath, dr, was
field, jufy(en0cyB0)Er where Er is the radial compo-
computed as the length of e-fold current drop along the
nent of the ac electric field. Near the plasma boundary,
radius in the antenna midplane. It is plotted in Fig. 5 as
the radial field of the short TG waves is much stronger
a function of magnetic field, for various plasma densi-
than the helicon field, E(rTG)fŽvceyne.Eu(H) w13x. There-
ties. At zero magnetic field (ICP mode), the penetration
fore, a narrow near-edge sheath of the intense current,
depth depends very slightly on density below 2=1012
which is seen in Fig. 4, is generated by strongly damped
cmy3 because the collisional skin depth, dc, is larger
TG waves. Note that peaked distribution of NjuN is
than or of the order of plasma radius. At higher densities,
similar to the distribution of the absorbed power w19x.
the penetration depth becomes less than r0 and drops
The radial width of the current sheath is substantially
with increasing density more slowly than ny1y2 0 as long
smaller than the collisional skin size as it is determined 1y2
as it scales as dcAŽneyn0. where ne increases with
by the TG damping length averaged over the spectrum.
density through the Coulomb collisions. As seen from
The axial width is approximately equal to that for the
Fig. 5, the penetration depth is practically independent
ICP mode. In addition to the edge TG current sheath,
of density at B0)100 G and decreases with increasing
one can see in Fig. 4 a weak ‘halo’ resulting from
magnetic field, to approximately 1yB0. This dependence
irradiated helicon waves. It was found to extend from
is clear from Fig. 6 where dr, normalized by the electron
the antenna with increasing magnetic field, whereas it
Larmour radius, re, is plotted as a function of the
shrank with increasing density because the inverse
plasma density, for various magnetic fields. As seen,
damping length of the helicon wave scales as ImkHA
drf10re over a broad range of the magnetic fields and
plasma densities. Note that ref0.5 mm at B0s100 G
and Tes4 eV. The axial width of the current sheath, dz,