Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

Pangalan__________________________________________ Petsa_______________________
Baitang/ Pangkat_________________________________ Iskor_______________________

INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION AND BELIEF SYSTEMS

First Quarter – Week4

Lesson/Topic: Founder and Sacred Texts of Christianity; God and Doctrines of

Christianity
MELC: The learner demonstrates the understanding of the elements of Judaism
(MELC Code)

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. In this module,
Christianity as a religion will be studied. You will unlock new knowledge as you
take the journey in this module by studying Christianity’s brief history, sacred
writings, significant symbols, beliefs and teachings, and the contemporary
issues it confronts today.

This module is consisting of 4 lessons, namely: Founder and Sacred Texts of

Christianity ; God and Doctrines of Christianity

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Familiarize the Apostle’s Creed, The Lord’s Prayer or the Beatitudes
(HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIe-f-5.1);
2. Interpret the Parable of the Prodigal Son (HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIe-f- 5.2);
3. Explain: The core teaching of Christianity is the message that a loving
God sent His begotten Son in order to redeem humankind from eternal
damnation (HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIe-f-5.3); and
4. Interview a Christian parent or couple on why they are Christian and
what beliefs and practices they adhere to (HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIe-f- 5.4).

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO
What’s In

Try to answer the following concept map by writing in the

circles the different reasons why the concept of Messiah helps
Christianity to flourish during the Roman times.

MESSIAH

What’s New
LESSON 1: FUNDAMENTAL BELIEFS, PRACTICES AND RELATED ISSUES
OF CHRISTIANITY
Christianity is considered the most popular religion in the world with the
most number of adherents among all religions.it centers on the life, teachings,
death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, who is considered the Messiah or
Savior of humanity. Thus, in this lesson, we will learn more about the founder
of Christianity -JESUS CHRIST.
What is It
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Christianity developed in Palestine around 100 C.E. It was founded by
Jesus, considered to be the Son of God and Messiah or Savior.
Christianity was regarded as an offshoot of Judaism, however, it has survived
and even surpassed Judaism and other religions in terms of number of
adherents.
Three Major Sects of Christianity today:
1. Roman Catholicism
2. Greek Orthodox Church
3. Protestantism
MESSIAH – a concept predominantly believed by Jews which was
promised in Judaism as the one who will liberate them from the evils of the
world. This attracted group of people being colonized by a foreign power. Social
conditions cooperated with the relatively free atmosphere created by Augustus’

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO
Pax Romana or Roman Peace. Also, the birth of a man who was considered
fulfillment of the prophecy among the Jews that God will send His Son to
liberate the people from sufferings and sins paved the way for the development
and spread of a new religion called Christianity.
Jesus as the Founder of Christianity
- Jesus lived and preached teachings that served as criticisms of Judaism,
although he himself was a Jew.
- His ministry began when he was in his early thirties.
- Jesus preached that he was sent by God to fulfill this goal by dying on the
cross, then resurrecting to life after three days to prove that God’s plan had
succeeded.
- Jesus was seen by his followers to be the Messiah they were waiting for.
- Meanwhile, Jews did not accept this to be true; instead, they are still
waiting for the promise to be fulfilled.
Eight Beatitudes
The Beatitudes comprise what is known as the “Sermon on the Mount”
recorded in Matthew5-7.
Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom in heaven. Blessed
are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted.
Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth.
Bless are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness: for they
shall be filled. Blessed are the merciful: for they shall obtain mercy.
Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God.
Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God.
Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness’ sake: for theirs
is the kingdom of heaven.
Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall
say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake.
Apostles’ Creed
The Apostles’ Creed is believed to have developed in the 100 or 200 C.E. and
was influenced later by the Nicene Creed. It is not written by the apostles
themselves but it serves as a summary of their basic teachings.
Apostles’ Creed

I believe in God, the Father almighty,

Creator of heaven and earth.

I believe in Jesus Christ, God’s only Son, our

Lord, Who was conceived by the Holy Spirit,

Born of the Virgin Mary,

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO
Suffered under Pontius Pilate,

Was crucified, died and was buried;

He descended to the dead.

On the third day he rose again;

He ascended to heaven,

He is seated at the right hand of the Father,

And he will come to judge the living and the

dead.

I believe in Holy Spirit, The

holy Catholic Church, The

communion of saints, The

forgiveness of sins,

The resurrection of the body,

And the life everlasting. Amen.

LESSON 2: THE PARABLE OF THE LOST SON

LUKE 15:11-32 (NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION)
11 Jesus continued: “There was a man who had two sons.(A) 12 The younger
one said to his father, ‘Father, give me my share of the estate.’(B) So he divided
his property(C) between them.

13 “Not long after that, the younger son got together all he had, set off for a
distant country and there squandered his wealth(D) in wild living. 14 After he
had spent everything, there was a severe famine in that whole country, and he
began to be in need. 15 So he went and hired himself out to a citizen of that
country, who sent him to his fields to feed pigs.(E) 16 He longed to fill his
stomach with the pods that the pigs were eating, but no one gave him
anything.

17 “When he came to his senses, he said, ‘How many of my father’s hired

servants have food to spare, and here I am starving to death! 18 I will set out

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO
and go back to my father and say to him: Father, I have sinned(F) against
heaven and against you. 19 I am no longer worthy to be called your son; make
me like one of your hired servants.’ 20 So he got up and went to his father.

“But while he was still a long way off, his father saw him and was filled with
compassion for him; he ran to his son, threw his arms around him and kissed
him.(G)

21 “The son said to him, ‘Father, I have sinned against heaven and against
you.(H) I am no longer worthy to be called your son.’

22 “But the father said to his servants, ‘Quick! Bring the best robe(I) and put it
on him. Put a ring on his finger(J) and sandals on his feet. 23 Bring the
fattened calf and kill it. Let’s have a feast and celebrate. 24 For this son of mine
was dead and is alive again;(K) he was lost and is found.’ So they began to
celebrate.(L)

25 “Meanwhile, the older son was in the field. When he came near the house,
he heard music and dancing.26 So he called one of the servants and asked him
what was going on. 27 ‘Your brother has come,’ he replied, ‘and your father has
killed the fattened calf because he has him back safe and sound.’

28 “The older brother became angry(M) and refused to go in. So his father went
out and pleaded with him.29 But he answered his father, ‘Look! All these years
I’ve been slaving for you and never disobeyed your orders. Yet you never gave
me even a young goat so I could celebrate with my friends. 30 But when this
son of yours who has squandered your property(N) with prostitutes(O) comes
home, you kill the fattened calf for him!’

31 “‘My son,’ the father said, ‘you are always with me, and everything I have is
yours. 32 But we had to celebrate and be glad, because this brother of yours
was dead and is alive again; he was lost and is found.’”
LESSON 2: GOD AND THE DOCTRINES OF CHRISTIANITY
Christianity is a monotheistic religion. Monotheism is the doctrine that
there is only one God (definition from Oxford Languages). Much of this
religion’s doctrines reflect Christians faith to their God. In this lesson, you will
get to know the God and doctrines as exercised by the Christians.

DIETY/GOD
- Christians believe in one God, therefore Christianity is a monotheistic
religion.

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO
- God is seen as the creator and maintainer of the universe, and is believed
to be:
a. Omnipotent (all-powerful)
b. Omniscient (all-knowing)
c. Omnipresent (all-present)
d. Omnibenevolent (all-good)
- God is also sacred, moral, unchangeable, compassionate, graceful, and
timeless.
HOLY TRINITY
- Christians believe in the Holy Trinity, which means that God is composed
of three persons:
1. God the Father
2. God the Son
3. Holy Spirit
- For some Christians, the concept of the Holy Trinity is not easy to
understand. Although it is central to most Christian denominations, some
Christian churches rejected it, such as The Church of the Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Christian Scientists, Unitarians, the
Unification Church, the Christadelphians, and Oneness Pentecostals among
others.
SYMBOLS
- The cross serves as a symbol of Jesus Christ’s victory over sins
when He died on the cross for humanity’s redemption and salvation.
Christ died on the cross and the cross serves as a reminder of the
sacrifices made by God in order for humanity to live.

BELIEFS/DOCTRINES
- Christianity has certain beliefs and doctrines that serve as moral
guidelines for its followers. As much as possible, Christians should follow these
teachings strictly if they want to redeem God’s promise of eternal life.

SEVEN SACRAMENTS
- The Catholic Church has seven sacraments which are considered signs of inner
kindness given by God for Christians to live a genuine human life.
1. Baptism- a sacrament of initiation. It is meant to remove the guilt and effects of the
original sin and welcome the baptized to the Church.
2. Confirmation – a sacrament of initiation. It should be administered right after the
Baptism, it is meant to complete baptism and bring the baptized the graces of the Holy Spirit
that were given the Apostles on Pentecost Sunday.
3. Holy Communion – is a sacrament of initiation. It entails the reception of Christ’s body
and blood which helps Christians grow in the likeness of Jesus Christ.
4. Confession – it is meant to reconcile Christians with God by confessing their sins.
5. Matrimony – the sacrament of marriage which is the union of a man and a woman for
the purpose of procreation and mutual support.

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO
6. Holy Orders – it is considered the continuation of Christ’s priesthood which He passed
on his apostles.
7. Anointing of the Sick – also known as Extreme Unction or Last Rites, which is
administered to those who are on the verge of death or are seriously ill, or about to undergo a
serious operation, for physical and moral strength.
WORSHIP AND OBSERVANCES
1. Advent
- Refers to the season of waiting for the birth of the Messiah, hence its
celebration lasts for four weeks, beginning four Sundays before Christmas and
ending on Christmas eve.
- It is meant an opportunity to reflect on the significance of the birth of
Jesus who was sent by God the Father to restore humanity’s relationship with
God. During the Advent, it is not only the birth of Christ which is anticipated
but the Second Coming of the Savior as well.
- The word “advent” comes from the Latin word adventus which means
“coming” or ”visit”.
2. Lent
- Refers to the season observed by Christians in preparation for Easter, a
celebration of the resurrection of Christ.
- Ash Wednesday signals the start of the season of Lent, which begins
40days before Easter.
- It is a time for Christians to prepare for Easter by following certain
rituals, such as fasting, repentance, moderation and self-discipline.
- This is a time to reflect on the suffering, sacrifice, life, death, burial, and
resurrection of the Savior Jesus Christ.
- It is a time for prayer, penance, sacrifice, and good works as a way of
remembering the life, death and resurrection of Jesus.
3. Pentecost
- Is celebrated as a holiday to commemorate the coming of the Holy Spirit
to the early Christians.
- Pentecost is celebrated as the birthday of the church.
- The word Pentecost comes from the Greek word pentekostos, which
means ”fifty”, pertaining to the Jewish holiday celebrated every fifty days from
the end of Passover to the beginning of the next holiday (also known as
Shavout)

What’s More
It’s Your Time to Explain!
Explain: The core teaching of Christianity is the message that a loving God sent
His begotten Son in order to redeem humankind from eternal damnation.
Explain this doctrine. Write your explanation on this in the worksheet provided
for you. (Minimum of 150-word essay)

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

What I have Learned

In the next activity, you are asked to complete each statement as to the
insights you have gained from the lesson.

Sentence Completion
Supply the following with correct information based from your understanding
from the lesson. Write your answer in the worksheet provided for you.

1. Christianity is considered as a monotheistic religion

because

2. It is important for the Christians to commemorate and reflect on Jesus

Christ’s life, death and resurrection because

What I can do

This activity will help you transfer into real life situations the knowledge and
skills which you have gained or learned. Read the following selected issue on
Christianity and go to the next activity once finished.

Family and Divorce

The Christian view on marriage is based on Matthew 19:6,”He who made

man from the beginning, made them male and female. And he said: For this
cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife, and
they two shall be in one flesh. Therefore, now they are not two, but one flesh.
What therefore God hath joined together, let no man put asunder.” Thus,
divorce is not allowed in the Catholic Church, since it believes in the sanctity of
marriage, which should be a lifetime bond between a man and a woman, and is
considered a legal bond on earth and a spiritual bond in heaven.

If couples wish to separate, they could seek an annulment, also known as

Decree of Nullity, in which it is declared that the marriage was never valid in
the first place. But unlike divorce, annulment entails a long, tedious, and
expensive process, in which a partner has to prove that his/her partner is
psychologically incapacitated to understand the commitment marriage entails,
or one of the partners has deliberately hid some information, such as previous
marriage, incompetence, or infertility.

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO
As of today, every country in the world has a divorce law except the
Philippines. although some lawmakers have been pushing for the divorce bill,
the strong opposition of the Catholic Church as well as the devout Catholics in
the Congress and the Senate have made it difficult for the divorce bill to be
passed.

Based from what you read, answer the following questions. Write your answer
in the worksheet provided for you.

1. In general, how important is marriage for the Christians? Why do you

think they put importance on it?
2. Why do you think Catholic Church is against on legalizing divorce?
3. What would you feel if one day, a bill about legalizing divorce, becomes a
law? How would this affect Church?

Assessment

Modified True or False. Determine the following statements as either true or

false. Write TRUE if the statement is correct. If the statement is false, write the
word that makes the statement false and the correct word to make the
statement true. Utilize the worksheet provided for you.

1. At the top of the hierarchy of the Catholic Church is the pope who is
considered as John’s successor.

2. The New Testament is considered the original Hebrew Bible.

3. The Psalms is included in The Writings.

4. The Pentateuch is composed of three books.

5. The Letters is a section in the new Testament that tell the story of Jesus.

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

Additional Activities
Let us reinforce the skills/knowledge that you have gained from this lesson by
doing the next activity.
Activity 1: Why Are You Christian?
Interview a Christian parent or couple on why they are Christian and
what beliefs and practices they adhere to. Since you are not allowed to immerse
in the community, take your own parents or any available parents in your
household as your respondents. In case there are no Christians in your
household, you may choose your closest neighborhood parents who are
Christians or you can go virtual to look for your respondents (use of Facebook,
Messenger and Text Messaging). Accomplish the following template for this
activity as provided in your worksheet.

Your Relationship to Reasons Why Are They Christian Beliefs and

Your Respondent Christians Practices They Adhere

SELF-LEARNING MODULES TEMPLATE

LRMS-CID /EL CON

Sta. Isabel, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 5200

Telephone No.: (043) 2887810 / Email Address: oriental.mindoro@deped.gov.ph