1

rg¶Qqt+s
bZeku o vey
vius bZeku vkSj vey dh fgQktr+ fdth,

%% ys[kd %%
ekSykuk d+kjh gdhe
eqgEen vCnqjZghe [kku
d+knjh jt+oh tenk ‘kkgh cLrh] ;w-ih 272002
eksckby uEcj 7415066579
tkek efLtn] neqvk] fNUnokM+k] e/; izns’k

%% izdk’kd %%
 2

uke %& rg¶Qqt+s bZeku o vey

ys[kd %& ekSykuk d+kjh gdhe eqgEen vCnqjZghe [kku
d+knjh jt+oh tenk ‘kkgh cLrh] ;w-ih 272002
eksckby uEcj 7415066579
tkek efLtn] neqvk] fNUnokM+k] e/; izns’k
izdk’kd %&
izdk’ku %& 2015 bZloha
eqnzd %& v’gjh fMt+kbZu vkVZ
izfr %& 1000
gnh;k %&

%% fdrkc feyus dk irk %%

eqgEen vCnqy ethn jkbZu d+knjh
,y vkbZ lh ,tsUV] vejthr <kck ds ihNs]
fu;j i’kq fpfdRlky;] neqvk] rglhy tqUukjnso
(tkebZ) ft+yk fNUnokM+k] e/; izns’k
 3

loky ¼1½ %& nso cUnh is’kokvksa ds og dkSu ls v+d+hns gSaAftUgsa tku ysus
ds ckn mu dks eqlyeku le>us okyk vkSj nso cUnh fQjd+k dks gd+ ekuus
okyk dkfQj gks dj bLyke ls [kkfjt gks tkrk gS \
tokc ¼1½ %& nso cfUn;ksa ds is’kokvksa eksyoh Fkkuoh dk v+d+hnk ;g gSAfd
tSlk bYe gqt+wj lYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye dks gkfly gS] ,slk bYe rks
cPpksa] ikxyksa vkSj tkuojksa dks Hkh gSA tSls fd mUgksaus us gqt+wj lYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye ds fy, dqy bYes x+Sc dk bUdkj djrs gq, flQZ
cv+t+ bYes x+Sc dks lkfcr fd;k fQj cv+t+ bYes x+Sc ds ckjs esa ;wa fy[kk gS
fd ^^bl esa gqt+wj dh fd;k r+[k+lhl gS ,slk bYe rks t+Sn o me# cfYd gj
flCch o etuwa cfYd tehv+ gSokukr o cgk;e ds fy, Hkh gkfly gSA
¼fg¶t+qy bZeku½
uksV%& u, ,Mh’ku esa ;g bckjr dqN cny nh xbZ gS ysfdu lkjs nsocUnh
bl iqjkuh bckjr dks lgh ekurs gSa]vkSj nsocfUn;ksa ds is’kok eksyoh d+kfle
ukuksroh ftu dks nk#ymywe nsocUn dk ckuh dgk tkrk gS]mu dk v+d+hnk
;g gS fd gqtwj lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye vkf[k#y
vfEc;k ugha gSa vki ds ckn nwljk uch gks ldrk gSA tSlk fd mUgksa us fy[kk
gS fd%^^v+oke ds [+;ky esa rks jlwyqYykg dk [kkfre gksuk ckbZa ev+uk gS fd
vki dk t+ekuk vfEc;k, lkfcd+ ds t+ekus ds ckn vkSj lc esa vkf[kjh
uch gSa exj vgys Qge ij jks’ku gksxk fd rd+íqe ;k rv[+[kqj t+ekuh esa
fcT+t+kr dqN Qt+hyr ugha** ¼r[k+nh#Uukl lQk 3½
bl bckjr dk [kqyklk ;g gS fd [kkrefUufc¸;hu dk ;g eryc
le>uk fd vki lc esa vkf[kjh uch gSa ;g uk le> vkSj xaokjksa dk [+;ky
gS vkSj vkxs fQj ;wa fy[kk fd % ^^ vxj fcyQt+Z cv+n t+eku, ucoh
lYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye dksbZ uch iSnk gks rks fQj Hkh [kkfefe¸;rs
eqgEenh es dqN Qd+Z u vk,xk** ¼r[k+nh#Uukl lQk 28½
bl bckjr dk [kqyklk ;g gS fd gqt+wj lYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye ds ckn nwljk uch iSnk gks ldrk gSA vYv+;kt+qfcYykfg rv+kyk
 4
vkSj nsocfUn;ksa ds is’kok eksyoh j’khn vgen xxksgh o eksyoh [k+yhy
vgen vEcsBoh dk v+d+hnk ;g gS fd ’kSrku o eydy ekSr ds bYe ls
gqtwj lYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye dk bYe de gSA tks ’k[+l ’kSrku o
eydyekSr ds fy, olhv+ bYe ekus og eksfeu eqlyeku gS ysfdu gqtwj
lYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye ds bYe dks plhv+ vkSj t+k;n ekuus okyk
eqf’kjd+ o cs bZeku gS tSlk fd mUgksa us fy[kk gS fd ** ’kSrku o eydyekSr
dks ;g oqlv+r ul ls lkfcr gqbZ Q[kjs v+kye ds oqLv+r bYe dh dkSu lh
uLls d+r+bZ gS ftl ls reke ulwl dks jn dj ds ,d f’kdZ lkfcr djrk gSA
¼cjkghus d+kfrv+k lQk 51½ et+dwjk ckyk dqQjh v+d+hnksa ds bykog nsocUnh
is’kokvksa ds vkSj Hkh cgqr ls dqQjh v+d+hns gSaAblh fy, eDdk eqv+Ttek]
enhuk r¸;ck] fgUnqLrku] ikfdLrku] caxyk] vkSj cjek ox+Sjk ds lSdM+ksa
myek, fdjke vkSj eqf¶r;kus bt+ke us bu nsocfUn;ksa ds dkfQj o eqrZn
gksus dk Qrok fn;k gS vkSj Qjek;k gS fd ^^eu ’kDdk Qh dqQfjgh o
v+t+kfcgh Qd+n dQj** ;v+uh tks mu ds dkfQj gksus esa ’kd djs og Hkh
dkfQj gSA
fygkt+k nsocfUn;ksa is’kokvksa ds bu dqQjh v+d+hnksa dks tku ysus ds
ckn mu dks eqlyeku le>us okyk vkSj nsocfUnh fQjd+k dks g+d+ ekuus
okyk dkfQj gks dj bLyke ls [kkfjt gks tkrk gSA r¶lhy ds fy, eqykgst+k
gks ^^Qrkok fglkeqy gjeSu** vkSj ^^vLlokfjeqy fgfUn;k** ^^dcjk,
ogkfc;k us [kqys [kqys t+#fj;krs nhu dk bUdkj fd;k vkSj reke ogkfc;k
ml esa mu ds eokfQd+ ;k de vt+ de mu ds g+keh ;k mUgsa eqlyeku
tkuus okys gSa vkSj ;g lc ljhg dqQz gSa rks vc ogkfc;k esa dksbZ ,slk u
jgk ftl dh fcnv+r dqQz ls fxjh gqbZ gks [+okg og x+Sj eqd+fYyn gks ;k
ct+kfgj eqd+fYyn** ¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ’kjhQ+ lQk 28½

loky ¼2½ %& ogkch dgrs gSa fd gnhl ’kjhQ esa gS fd v+jc esa dkfQj
ugha gksaxs vkSj ogka ogkfc;ksa dh gqdwer gS rks ev+ywe gqvk fd og eqlyeku
gSa fygkt+k vxj ogkch dkfQj gSa rks mu dh bl ckr dk fd;k tokc gS\
tokc ¼2½ %& gnhl ’kjhQ esa gjfxt+ ugha gS fd v+jc dkfQj ugha gksaxs
cfYd gqtwj lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye us ;g Qjek;k ^^bUu’’kSrk
 5
u d+n ,s l feu bu ;v+cqnqgqy eqlYyw u Qh tt+hjfry v+jc** ;v+uh
’kSrku bl vez ls ek;wl gks x;k gS fd eqlYyh ¼eksfeu½ tt+hj, v+jc esa
ml dh bcknr djsa ¼;v+uh cqr ijLrh esa eqCryk jgsa½ rtZek fe’kdkr
eqrjfte ogkch ercwv+k fdjkph ftYn vOoy lQk 23 ½
ogkch ds bl rtZek ls okt+sg gks x;k fd ’kSrku dh bcknr dk
eryc gS cqr ijLrh esa eqCryk jguk];v+uh tt+hj, v+jc ds eqlyeku cqr
ijLrh esa eqCryk jgsa ,slk u gksxkA vkSj g+t+jr ’kS[k+ ’kS[k vCnqy g+d+
eqgfíl nsgyoh cq[kkjh v+ySfgjZgerq ofjZnoku rg+jhj Qjekrs gSa vkSj ’kSrku
dh bcknr ls cqrksa dh iwtk eqjkn gS vkSj vxjps fd eqfLyek ds lkFkh vkSj
ekfubZu t+dkr eqrZn gq, ysfdu mu yksxksa us cqrksa dh iwtk ugha
dhA¼v’kv+rqYyEv+kr ftYn vOoy lQk 83½
okt+sg gks x;k fd gqt+wj lYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye ds bj’kkn
dk eryc ;g gS fd ,s v+jc ds eqlyeku vius nh ls fQj dj cqr ijLrh
ugha djsaxsA fygkt+k v+jc ds yksxksa dk fdlh oD+r eqrZn gks tkuk ;k ml ij
fdlh t+ekuk esa eqrZnksa dh gqdwer d+kbe gks tkukA gnhl ’kjhQ ds f[kykQ
ugha tSlk fd gqt+wj lYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye ds t+kgsjh t+ekuk ds
QkSju ckn eqfLyek dT+t+kc]ml ds eqRrcsbZu ¼bRrsckv+ djus okys½ vkSj
t+dkr dh Qjft+;r dk bUdkj djus okys v+jc gh esa eqrZn gq, A vkSj eqrZn
vcw rkfgj d+jErh dk 320 fgtjh esa eDdk eqv+T+t+sek ij x+Yck gqvk vkSj
og ,slk eqrZn Fkk fd efLtns gjke ds feEcj ij [kM+k gksvk vkSj dgk
^^bUuk fcYykfg o fcYykfg vuk v[k+yqd+y [k+Yd+ o vQuhfge vuk**
;v+uh eSa [k+qnk dh d+le& [kqnk dh d+le eSa e[kywd+ dks iSnk Hkh djrk gwa
vkSj mu dks Quk Hkh djrk gwaA ¼gqTtYykfg v+yy v+kyehu ftYn-2] lQk
829½ vkSj 654 fgtjh esa enhuk ’kjhQ vkSj efLtns ucoh ij jkfQft+;ksa
¼;v+uh f’k¸;ksa½ dk d+Ct+k FkkA d+kft, ’kgj vkSj efLtns ucoh ds beke o
[krhc lc jkQst+h FksA ¼oQkmy oQk ftYn vOoy lQk 429½
lkfcr gqvk fd igys t+ekus esa Hkh v+jc esa eqrZn gq, gSa vkSj ogka
mu dh gqdwer Hkh d+kbe jgh] fygkt+k v+jc esa ogkfc;ksa dh gqdwer gksus ls
mu dk eqlyeku gksuk lkfcr ughaA
 6
loky ¼3½ %& bl oD+r fgUnqLrku esa dkSu dkSu ls xqejkg fQjd+s ekStwn gSa
mu ds v+d+hns eq[krlj rg+jhj Qjek,a \
tokc ¼3½ %& fgUnqLrku esa cgqr ls xqejkg fQjd+s gSa]ftu esa ls pUn ;g
gSaA
Ÿ d+kn;kuh % ;g fQjd+k fejt+k xqyke vgen d+kn;kuh dk iS# gSA ftl
us vius uch gksus dk nv+ok fd;k vkSj viuh fdrkc bt+kyk vkSgke ds
lQs 688 esa fy[kk gS fd ^^gt+jr jlwys [kqnk lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye ds bYgke o og+h x+yr fudyh Fkha ** vkSj blh fdrkc ds lQk
26]28]ij fy[kk gS fd% ^^dqjvku ’kjhQ esa xUnh xkfy;ka Hkjh gSa** vkSj
viuh fdrkc cjkghus vg+efn;k dh fuLcr blh fdrkc ^^bt+ky,
vkSgke** ds lQk 533 ij fy[kk gS fd cjkghus vgefn;k [kqnk dk
dyke gS mu ds bykog vkSj Hkh dqQjh v+d+hns gSaAA ftu dh rQlhy
Qrkok jfT+o¸;k vkSj cgkjs ’kjhv+r ox+Sjg esa gSA

Ÿ jkQt+h % ;g fQjd+k vius vki dks f’k¸;k dgrk gS ml dk ,d v+d+hnk

;g gS fd d+qjvku ethn egQwt+ ugha cfYd ml esa ls dqN ikjs ;k lwjrsa
;k vk;rsa ;k vYQkt+ lgkck us fudky fn, vkSj ,d v+d+hnk ;g gS fd
vbEe, vr+gkj jfn;Yykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqe vfEc;k v+ySfgeqLlyke ls
vQt+y gSa vkSj ;g fcy bTekv+ dqQz gS vkSj vQt+yqy c’kj cv+ny
vfEc;k gt+jr vcw cdj flíhd+] gt+jr mej Qk#d+ vv+t+e] gt+jr
mLeku x+uh vkSj cgqr ls lgkc, fdjke jfn;Yykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqe
vtebZu dks ;g fcjksg ev+kt+Yykg dkfQj o equkfQd+ d+jkj nsrk gSA
mUgsa cjk Hkyk dgrk gSA vkSj [kqYye [kqYyk xkfy;ka nsrk gS mu ds
v+d+k,n dh rQlhy ds fy, gt+jr ’kkg vCnqy v+t+ht+ eqgfíl nsgyoh
v+ySfgjZgerq ofjZnoku dh fy[kh gqbZ fdrkc ^^rksgQ, vluk,
v+’kfj;v+** ns[kuk pkfg,A

Ÿ ogkch nsocUnh % mu ds dqQjh v+d+hns tokc uEcj ¼1½ c;ku fd, x,A
ogkch x+Sj eqd+fYyn %;g fQjd+k vius vki dks vgys gnhl dgrk gSA
ml dk v+d+hnk gS fd vfEc;k vkSj vkSfy;k vYykg rv+kyk dh ’kku ds
 7
lkeus pekj ls Hkh T+;knk t+yhy gSa ;v+uh pekj dh Hkh dqN u dqN
FkksM+h cgqr bT+t+r vYykg dh ’kku ds vkxs gS ysfdu gqt+wj lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye vkSj nwljs vfEc;k vkSfy;k dh ’kku ds vkxs
bruh Hkh bT+t+r o oD+v+r ugha ftruh fd ,d pekj dh bT+t+r o
oD+v+r gS tSlk fd bl fQjd+s ds is’kok eksyoh bLekbZy nsgyoh viuh
fdrkc ^^rd+fo¸;rqy bZeku** esa fy[krs gSa % ^^gj e[kywd+ cM+k gks ;k
NksVk og vYykg dh ’kku ds vkxs pekj ls Hkh T+;knk t+yhy gSA**
¼rd+fo¸;rqy bZeku]ercwv+k d+¸;weh dkuiwj]lQk 10½ blh rjg+ cgqr
ls dqQjh v+d+hns gSa r¶lhy ds fy, eqykfgt+k gks fdrkc ^^vr;cqy
c;ku jí rd+fo¸;rqybZeku**bl uke fugkn vgysgnhl dk ,d v+d+hnk
;g Hkh gS fd gt+jr x+kSls vv+t+e ’kS[k vCnqy d+kfnj thykuh] gt+jr
[+oktk eqbZuqíhu vtesjh] gt+jr d+qrcqíhu cf[+r;kj dkdh] gt+jr
Qjhnqíhu xUt ’kdj] gt+jr eg+cwcs bykgh fut+keqíhu vkSfy;k] gt+jr
e[k+nwe v’kjQ tgkaxhj flEukuh vkSj gt+jr e[k+nwe ekgseh]ox+Sjg
lkjs cqt+#xkus nhu xqejkg o bn et+gc FksA bl fy, fd ;g lc ds
lc eqd+fYyn Fks vkSj fdlh beke dh rd+yhn bl fQjd+s ds uT+nhd
xqejkgh o cn et+gch gSA

Ÿ rCyhx+h tekv+r % bl fxjksg ds Hkh lkjs v+d+hns ogh gS tks ogkfc;ksa

nsocfUn;ksa ds gSa tSlk fd rCyhx+h tekv+r ds ckuh eksyoh eqgEen
by;kl us [kqn dgk fd ^^gt+jr ekSykuk Fkkuoh j% us cgqr cM+k dke
fd;k gSA cl esjk fny pkgrk gS fd rv+yhe rks mu dh gks vkSj r+jhd+,
rCyhx+ esjk gks fd bl r+jg+ mu dh rv+yhe v+ke gks tk,xh ¼eyQwt+krs
ekSykuk eqgEen by;kl½ ;g yksx vt+ jkgs Qjsc vgys lqUur o
tekv+r dks viuk ge v+d+hnk cukus ds fy, flQZ dyek o uekt+ dk
uke ysrs gSa vkSj tc dksbZ lqUuh /kks[ks ls mu dh tekv+r esa ’kkfey gks
dj mu dh t+kgsjh vv+eky dk vlj d+cwy dj ysrk gS rks fQj ;g
yksx vklkuh ds lkFk mls iDdk ogkch nsocUnh cuk dj vYykg o
jlwy dh ckjxkg dk xqLrk[k+ cuk ysrs gSaA
 8
Ÿ ekSnwnh tekv+r % ;g fxjksg vius vki dks ^^tekv+rs bLykeh**
dgykrk gSA ;g Hkh ogkfc;ksa nsocfUn;ksa dh ,d ’kk[k+ gS ;v+uh cqu;knh
rkSj ij nksuksa ,d gSaA mu ds lkjs dqQjh v+d+hnksa ls ;g iwjs rkSj bRrsQkd+
j[krs gSa A ml ds bykog bl tekv+r ds ckuh vcqy vv+yk ekSnwnh us
viuh fdrkc ^^ijng** lQk 171 ij gqt+wj lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye dks v+jc dk ,d vui<+ pjokgk fy[kk gSA ¼ev+kt+Yykg½ vkSj
r¶ghekr ftYn 2 lQk 281 esa fy[kk gS fd ft+uk vkSj d+t+Q dh ’kjbZ
g+í tkjh djuk fcyk ’kCgk t+qYe gSA bl tqEyk esa ekSnwnh us vYykg
rv+kyk dks t+kfye d+jkj fn;k gSA vkSj yksxksa dks d+qjvku ls uQjr
fnykbZ gSA vkSj ekSnwnh us reke vfEc;k, fdjke [kqlwlu g+t+jr uwg
v+ySfgLlyke] gt+jr ;wlqQ v+ySfgLlyke] gt+jr ewlk v+ySfgLlyke]
gt+jr nkmn v+ySfgLlyke] vkSj gt+jr ;wuql v+ySfgLlyke] ;gka rd
fd l¸;nqy vfEc;k gt+jr eqgEen eqLrQk lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye dh ’kku esa xqLrk[k+h o cs vnch dh gSA vkSj reke lgkc,
fdjke [kkl gt+jr vcw cdj flíhd+] gt+jr mej Qk#d+] gt+jr
mLeku x+uh] vkSj gt+jr [kkfyn fcu oyhn jfn;Yykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqe
ij uqDrk phuh dj ds mu dh rkSghu dh gSA vkSj jkfQft+;ksa dks [kq’k
djus ds fy, lgkfc, jlwy dkfrcs og+h gt+jr vehj eqv+kfo;k
jfn;Yykgq rv+kyk vUgq dh t+kr ij ,sls byt+kekr yxk, gSaA fd
eqlyeku rks eqlyeku dkfQj Hkh ’kjek tk,A vkSj mEegkrqy eksfeuhu
gt+jr vkbZ’kk flíhd+k o gt+jr g+¶lk jfn;Yykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek dks
t+cku njkt+ d+jkj fn;k gS mu dh r¶lhykr tkuus ds fy, fdrkc
^^tekv+rs bLykeh** rLuhQ gt+jr v+Yykek vj’knqy d+knjh lkgc
fd+Cyk vkSj fdrkc ^^nks HkkbZ ekSnwnh vkSj [kqeSuh** eqykgst+k Qjek,aA

loky ¼4½ %& ogkfc;ksa nsocfUn;ksa ds ihNs uekt+ i<+s rks fd;k gqDe gS \
tokc ¼4½ %& ogkch nso cUnh pwafd dqQjh v+d+hnk j[krs gSa tSlk fd tokc
uEcj ¼1½ esa xqt+jkA bl fy, mu ds ihNs uekt+ gjfxt+ ugha gksrhA tks
’k[+l nsocUnh beke ds dqQjh v+d+hnk dks tkurs gq, fdlh ds ncko ;k
ysgkt+ esa ml ds ihNs mBd cSBd dj yh exj uekt+ dh fu¸;r ugha dh rks
 9
og rkSck djsA vkSj tks eqlyeku le> dj ml ds ihNs uekt+ i<+s Aog
rkSck o rTnhns bZeku ds lkFk rTnhns fudkg Hkh djsA vkSj tks u tkudkjh esa
ml dh bD+rsnk dj ys ¼;v+uh ml ds ihNs uekt+ i<+ ys ½ og uekt+ fQj ls
i<+s vkSj vkbUnk ,gfr;kr+ ls dke ysA ¼’kjg+ vd+k,n uLQh lQk 160 esa gSA½
loky ¼5½ %& nsocUnh dh vt+ku o vd+ker dk D;k gqDe gS \
tokc ¼5½ %& cgkjs ’kjhv+r fgLlk lkse lQk 31 esa nqjZs eq[k+rkj ds gokys
ls gS fd Qkfld+ vxjps v+kfye gh gks ml dh vt+ku dh bv+knk fd;k tk,
¼;v+uh fQj ls vt+ku nh tk,½ rks tc csv+ey dh vt+ku nksckjk i<+us dk
gqDe gS rks nsocUnh cn v+d+hnxh dh vt+ku cnjt, vkSyk nksckjk i<+h
tk,xh A vkSj vd+ker dgus ls Hkh ml dks jksdk tk,xkA

loky ¼6½ %& nsocUnh vxj lQksa ds nje;ku ¼chp½ esa [kM+s gks tk;sa rks
D;k gqDe gS \
tokc ¼6½ %& dqQjh v+d+hnk j[kus okys nsocUnh dh uekt+ ckfry gS rks
ftl lQ ds nje;ku esa og [kM+k gks ’kjhvr ds uT+nhd g+d+hd+r esa bruh
txg [k+kyh gksrh gS ftl ls d+rv+ lQ gksrh gS ¼;v+uh lQ VwV tkrh gS½
vkSj lQ dk VwVuk g+jke gSA gnhl ’kjhQ esa gS fd & tks lQ dks feyk,xk
vYykg mls viuh jg+er ls feyk,xk vkSj tks lQ d+r+v+ djsxk vYykg
mls viuh jg+er ls tqnk djsxkA ¼fulkbZ ftYn 1]lQk 131] vcwnkmn
ftYn 1 lQk 97½

loky ¼7½ %& D;k nso cUnh dh uekt+s tukt+k i<+us ls rTnhn bZeku o
fudkg+ t+#jh gS \
tokc ¼7½ %& tks ’k[+l fdlh ds ncko]fygkt+ ;k pkiykslh esa nso cUnh ds
tukt+k dh lQ esa [kM+k gks tk, ysfdu uekt+ dh fu¸;r u djs rks ml dk
rkSck djuk t+#jh gSA vkSj tks eqlyeku le> dj ml dh uekt+ tukt+k
i<+s ml ij rTnhns bZeku o fudkg+ t+#jh gSA

loky ¼8½ %& D;k rCyhx+h tekv+r dks efLtn esa Bgjus vkSj r+d+jhj
djus dh btkt+r nh tk ldrh gS \
 10
tokc ¼8½ %& rCyhx+h tekv+r okys dyek o uekt+ ds uke ij eqlyekuksa
dks xqejkg djrs gSaA vkSj mu dks vYykg o jlwy dh ckjxkg dk xqLrk[k+
cukrs gSaA bl fy, fd mu dk Hkh v+d+hnk ogh gS tks nsocUnh dk gS tSlk fd
tokc ¼3½ ds rg+r xqt+jk]fygkt+k rCyhx+h tekv+r dks efLtnksa esa Bgjs vkSj
rd+jhj djus dh btkt+r gjfxt+ ugha nh tk ldrh gSA

loky ¼9½ %& nso cUnh ls d+qjckuh djokuk vkSj ml dk t+chgk [kkuk
dSlk gS \
tokc ¼9½ %& nso cUnh pwafd vius dqQjh v+d+hnksa ds lcc eqlyeku ugha
tSlk fd tokc uEcj ¼1½ esa xqt+jkA bl fy, ml ls dqjckuh djokuk
gjfxt+ tkbt+ ugha A vxj fdlh us djok;k rks ml dh dqjckuh u gqbZ A
vkSj mlh lcc ls ml dk t+chg+k ¼ml ds gkFk dk t+cg fd;k gqvk½ [kkuk
g+jke gSA ¼fgnk;k v[kfjf¸;u lQk 418½

loky ¼10½ %& nso cUnh ls fudkg+ i<+okuk vkSj ml ds ;gka ’kknh fc;kg
djuk dSlk gS \
tokc ¼10½ %& nso cUnh ls fudkg+ i<+okuk gjfxt+ tkbt+ ugha fd ml esa
,d r+jg+ ls ml dh rv+t+he gS vkSj cnet+gc dh rv+t+he l[+r uktkbt+
o gjke gSA vkSj dqQjh v+d+hnk j[kus okys nso cUnh ds ;gka ’kknh fc;kg
djuk gjfxt+ tkbt+ ughaA vxj fd;k rks fudkg ugha gksxk ft+uk dkjh
gksxhA Qrkok v+kyexhjh ftYn vOoy ercwv+k felz lQk 263 esa gS &
eqrZn dk fudkg ¼ pkgs og nsocUnh ogkch gks ;k jkQt+h ox+Sjg ½ eqjrng ]
eqfLyek vkSj dkfQjk vfLy;k ls tkbZt+ ugha A ,sls gh eqrZnk dk fudkg+
fdlh tkbZt+ ugha ,sls gh eclwr esa gSA

loky ¼11½ %& nsocUnh dks vPNk le>us okys vkSj ml dh fgek;r djus
okys ds fy, fd;k gqDe gS \
tokc ¼11½ %& tks ’k[+l nsocfUn;ksa dks vPNk le>s vkSj mu dh fgek;r
djs mls nsocfUn;ksa ds dqQjh vd+k,n ls vkxkg fd;k tk,A vxj og bu
dqQfj;kr ij eqRryv+ ¼vkxkg½gks dj gjeSu r¸;cSu ds Qrok dks gd+
 11
ekus vkSj nsocfUn;ksa dks eqlyeku u le>s rks og vgys lqUur o tekv+r
ls gS ojuk og Hkh mUgha ds gqDe esa gSA eqlyeku ml ls nwj jgsa A gnhl
’kjhQ esa gS fd cn et+gc¼nsocUnh]ogkch]d+kfn;kuh]jkQt+h]tekv+rh½ ls
nwj jgks vkSj mu dks vius d+jhc u vkus nksA dgha og eqEgsa xqejkg u
dj nsa A dgha og eqEgsa fQrus esa Mky nsa ¼eqfLye ’kjhQ] ftYn vOoy lQk 10½

loky ¼12½ %& efLtn ;k enjlk dh rv+ehj ds fy, nsocfUn;ksa ls pUnk

ysuk ;k mu dks pUnk nsuk dSlk gS \
tokc ¼12½ %& efLtn ;k enjlk dh rv+ehj gks ;k tylk tqywl fdlh
dke ds fy, nsocfUn;ksa ls pUnk ysuk tkbt+ ugha fd pUnk ysus okyk pUnk
nsus okys dk ,g+lku eUn gksrk gSA fygkt+k tc lqUuh fdlh nsocUnh ls pUnk
ysxk rks ml dks lyke djsxk ;k ml ds lyke dk tokc nsxk] ml ds lkFk
mBs cSBsxk] ml ds ;gka [kk,xk fi,xk vkSj ml dh ’kknh o x+eh esa ’kjhd
gksxk vkSj ;g lkjh ckrsa cn et+gcksa ds lkFk uktkbt+ o g+jke gS gnhl
’kjhQ esa gS fd & cn et+gc vxj chekj iM+sa rks mu dh b;knr u djks]
vxj ej tk;sa rks mu ds t+ukt+k esa ’kjhd u gks] mu ls eqykd+kr gks rks mUgsa
lyke u djks] mu ds ikl u cSBks]mu ds lkFk ikuh u fi¸;ks] mu ds lkFk
[kkuk u [kkvks] mu ds lkFk ’kknh fc;kg u djks] mu ds tukt+k dh uekt+ u
i<+ks vkSj mu ds lkFk uekt+ u i<+ksA ¼;g gnhl ’kjhQ vcw nkmn bCus
ektk]v+d+hyh vkSj bCus gCcku dh fjok;kr dk etewv+k gSA½

loky ¼13½ %& myek, fdjke dks xkfy;ka nsuk]v+kyk g+t+jr dks cqjk Hkyk
dguk vkSj gnhl ’kjhQ dks jíh dh Vksdjh okyh dg dj bUdkj djuk dSlk
gS \
tokc ¼13½ %& myek, fdjke gh ls bLyke dh jks’kuh ckd+h gS blh fy,
[kqnk, rv+kyk us nqfu;k o vkf[kjr esa mu ds fy, njtkr dh cqyUnh dk
ov+nk Qjek;k] tSlk fd dqjvku ethn esa gS ** vYykg rv+kyk rqEgkjs
bZeku okyksa dks vkSj ftu yksxksa dks bYe fn;k x;k gS [kkl dj mu ds njts
dks cqyUn Qjek,xkA ¼ikjg 28] #dw 2½ fygkt+k myek, fdjke dks
vkfye gksus ds lcc xkyh nsuk dqQz gS cfYd g+d+kjr dh ut+j ls v+fyek
 12
clSx+, r+Lx+hj **eksyfo¸;k** dguk Hkh dqQz gSA¼’kjg+ fQd+g vDcj 211½
vkSj v+kyk g+t+jr beke vgen jt+k eqgfíl cjSyoh v+ySfgjZgerq
ofjZnoku pkSngoha lnh ds eqtfíns vv+t+e gSa ,d gt+kj ls t+k;n mUgksa us
fdrkcsa fy[kh gSaA eqokfQd+ rks eqokfQd+ ^^vcqy vv+yk ekSnwnh** vkSj
^^vcqy glu unoh** ox+Sjg tSls eq[kkfyQhu us Hkh mu dh rv+jhQ o
rg+lhu dh gS vkSj ’kS[k+ l¸;n v+yoh ekfydh d+kft+;qy d+t+kr eDdk
eqdjZek us Qjek;k ** vkyk gt+jr dh eqgCcr lqUuh gksus dh ogpku gS
vkSj mu dh v+nkor o nq’keuh cn et+gc gksus dh v+yker gS ¼beke
vgen jt+k vjckcs bYe o nkfu’k dh ut+j lQk 148½
fygkt+k tks vkyk gt+jr dks cqjk Hkyk dgrk gS] og ;d+huu
xqejkg o cn et+gc gSA eqlyeku ml ls nwj jgsa vkSj ml dks vius d+jhc
u vkus nsaA vkSj gqt+wj l¸;ns v+kye lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye ds
vg+dke o bj’kknkr vkSj d+qjvku o bLyke dh r’kjhg+kr o rQlhykr ds
etewv+k dk uke g+nhl gS fd ml ds cx+Sj mu ij v+ey eqfEdu gh ugha A
blh fy, [kqnk, rv+kyk us viuh v+r+kv+r ds lkFk jlwy dh Qjekacnkjh dk
Hkh gqDe Qjek;kA d+qjvku ethn ikjg 9 #dwv+]17 esa gS ,s bZeku okyks!
vYykg vkSj ml ds jlwy dh Qjekacjnkjh djks vkSj jlwy ls eqag u QsjksA
d+qjvku ethn esa bl r+jg+ dh cgqr lh vk;rsa gSa fd ftu esa jlwy dh
Qjekacjnkjh dk gqDe fn;k x;k gS fygkt+k g+nhl dk bUdkj djuk]mls jíh
dh Vksdjh okyh d+jkj nsuk jlwy dh Qjekacjnkjh ls bUdkj djus vkSj mu
ls eqag Qsjus ds lkFk gnhl ’kjhQ dh rkSghu Hkh gSA vkSj ;g dqQz gSA tks
’k[+l ,slh cdokl djrk gS eqlyekuksa ij ykft+e gS fd ml dk l[+r
lekth ckbdkV djsa A ml ds lkFk [kkuk ihuk]mBuk]cSBuk]vkSj lyke o
dyke lc cUn dj nsaA [kqnk, rv+kyk dk bj’kkn gSA ¼ikjg 7 #dw 14½

loky ¼14½ %& D;k dyek i<+us okyk Hkh dkfQj gks tkrk gS \ d+qjvku
ethn dh vk;rksa ds g+okys ls tokc rg+jhj Qjek,a \
tokc ¼14½ %& gka dqQjh ckr cdus ds lcc dyek i<+us okyk Hkh dkfQj
gks tkrk gSA bCus tjhj]frCjkuh] vcq’’kS[k+]vkSj bCus enZqfo¸;k jbZlqy
eqQfLljhu gt+jr vCnqYykg fcu v+Cckl jfn;Yykgq rv+kyk v+Ugqek ls
 13
fjok;r djrs gSa fd dqN yksx jlwy vDje lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye dh ’kku esa xqLrk[kh dk y¶t+ cksys A gqt+wj us mu ls eqrkysck
Qjek;k rks mu yksxksa us d+le [kkbZ fd ge us dksbZ dyek gqt+wj dh ’kku esa
cs vnch dk ugha dgk gS ml ij ;g vk;rs djhek ukft+y gqbZ% dqjvku esa
ikjg 10 #dw 16 esa vYykg rv+kyk us [kqYye [kqYyk Qjek;k ** og yksx
eqlyeku Fks vkSj dyek i<+us okys Fks ysfdu gqt+wj dh ’kku esa xqLrk[k+h dk
y¶t+ cksyus ds lcc dkfQj gks x,]eqlyeku ugha jg x,A vkSj bCus vch
’ksck]bCuqy eqfUt+j]bCus vch g+kfre] vkSj vcq’’kS[k gt+jr vCnqYykg fcu
v+Cckl jfn;Yykgq rv+kyk vUgq ds ’kkfxnZs [kkl gt+jr beke eqtkfgn
jfn;Yykgq rv+kyk v+Ugq fjok;r djrs gSa fd gqt+wj lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye us ,d ’k[+l dh xqe’kqnk maVuh ds ckjs esa Qjek;k fd+ Qqyka taxy esa
gSA ml ij ,d ’k[+l us dgk mu dks x+Sc dh D;k [k+cj \ gqt+wj lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye us ml ’k[+l dks cqyk dj nj;k¶r Qjek;k rks ml
us dgk ge rks ,sls gh et+kd+ dj jgs Fks ml ij ;g vk;rs djhek ukft+y
gqbZ ** vkSj vxj rqe mu ls iwNks rks cs’kd og t+#j dgsaxs fd ge rks ;wa gh
galh [ksy esa FksA rqe Qjekvks D;k vYykg rv+kyk ml dh vk;rksa vkSj ml
ds jlwy ls Bëk djrs Fks \ cgkus u cukvks vius bZeku ds ckn rqe dkfQj
gks x, A ¼ikjg 10 #dw 14 ½
bl vk;r esa Hkh okt+sg rkSj ij Qjek;k x;k A d+n dQjrqe cv+n
bZekfudqe& ;v+uh og bZeku okys vkSj dyek i<+us okys Fks ysfdu dqQjh
ckr t+cku ls fudkyus ds lcc dkfQj gks x,A vYv+;kft+fcYYkfg rv+kykA

loky ¼15½ %& rCyhx+h tekv+r okys eqlYekuksa ls dgrs gSa fd Qqyka
efLtn esa vYykg o jlwy dk ft+dz gksxkA vki r’kjhQ yk;sa rks mUgsa D;k
tokc fn;k tk, \
tokc ¼15½ %& mUgsa ;g tokc fn;k tk, fd vki yksx vYykg o jlwy ds
uke ij eqlyekuksa dks cqyk dj mUgsa xqejkg o cn et+gc cukrs gSaA bl
fy, fd vki yksxksa dk v+d+hnk ogh gS tks dqQjh v+d+hnk j[kus okys
nsocfUn;ksa dk gS vkSj eqfLye ’kjhQ dh gnhl ’kjhQ gS% ^^mUt+q# v+Eeu
rk[k+qt+w u nhuqdqe** ;v+uh ftl ls nhu dh ckrsa gkfly djks mls ns[k yks
 14
¼eqfLye c gokyk fe’kdkr ’kjhQ lQk 37½ bl dk lkQ eryc ;g gqvk
fd tks cn v+d+hnk gS ml ls vYykg o jlwy dk ft+dj Hkh u lquks fd og
rqEgsa xqejkg o cn et+gc cuk nsxkA bl fy, ge vki dh efTyl esa ’kjhd
ugha gks ldrs A

loky ¼16½ %& lqUuh vkSj ogkch esa D;k Qd+Z gS \

tokc ¼16½ %& lqUuh gqt+wj l¸;ns v+kye lYyYykgq rv+kyk v+ySfg
olYye dks [kqnk, rv+kyk ds ckn lc ls cqt+#x o cjrj ekurs gSa vkSj
dqjvku ethn dh vk;rs djhek ^^o rqv+fT+t+#gq o rqofD+d+#gq** ds
eqrkfcd+ gj rjg ls mu dh rv+t+he o rdjhe djrs gSaA vkSj ogkch
nsocUnh gqt+wj dh rv+t+he ls bUdkj djrs gSa cfYd mu dh ’kku esa rkSghu
djrs gSaA mu ds bYe dks ’kSrku o eydyekSr ds bYe ls de crkrs gSa tSlk
fd mu dh fdrkc cjkghus d+kfrv+k lQk 51 ij gS ^^vkSj gqt+wj dk bYe
cPpksa] ikxyksa vkSj tkuojksa tSlk Bgjkrs gSa A nsf[k, nsocUnh dh fy[kh gqbZ
fdrkc fg¶t+qy bZeku lQk 8 vkSj gqtwj ds ckjs esa v+d+hnk j[krs gSa fd og
ej dj feêh esa fey x,A dgrs gSa jlwy ds pkgus ls dqN ugha gksrkA ftl
dk uke eqgEen ;k v+yh gS og fdlh pht+ dk eq[k+rkj ugha vkSj uch dk
njtk cl ,slk gh gS tSls fdlh d+kSe ds pkS/kjh dk**¼eqykfgt+k gks
rd+fo¸;rqy bZeku]lQk 28]40]42]44]½

loky ¼17½ %& Vh]oh ds fy, D;k gqDe gS \ dqN yksx vkenuh c<+kus ds
fy, pk; ox+Sjg dh nwdkuksa ij Vh]oh yxkrs gSa bl r+jg+ jkst+h gkfly djuk
dSlk gS vkSj ,slh nwdku ij pk; ihus ds ckjs esa D;k gqDe gS \
tokc ¼17½ %& Vh]oh ns[kuk vkSj fn[kkuk g+jke gS fd og NksVk flusek gS
vkSj gjke dks t+fj;g+ cuk dj tks jkst+h gkfly dh tkrh gS og [kchl gksrh
gSA Vh oh yxh gqbZ pk; dh nwdku ls eqlyeku uQjr djsa ,slh txg ij
pk; gjfxt+ u fi;sa A bl nwdku dk ckbZdkV djsaA [kqnk, rv+kyk dk bj’kkn
gSA^^oyk rjduw byYyt+h u t+ y ew Q r eLldqeqUukj**¼ikjg12 #dw 10½

loky ¼18½ %& tks yksx j[kus ds fy, nkSyr dekrs gSa gqd+wd+qYykg]
 15
gqd+wd+qybckn] vkSj d+kSe o feYyr dks Hkwy cSBs gSaA mu ds fy, vYykg o
jlwy dk fd;k gqDe gS \
tokc ¼18½ %& tks yksx j[kus ds fy, nkSyr dekrs gSa mls vYykg ds
jkLrsa esa [kpZ ugha djrs mu ij nnZukd v+t+kc gksxkA tSlk fd [kqnk,
rv+kyk dk bj’kkn gS fd ** tks yksx lksuk pkanh ¼;v+uh eky½ tek djrs gSa
vkSj vYykg ds jkLrs esa mls [kpZ ugha djrs gSa mUgsa nnZukd v+t+kc dh
[kq’k[kcjh lquknks ftl fnu tgUue dh vkx esa og rik, tl;saxs vkSj mu
ls mudh is’kkfu;ka vkSj mudh djoVsa o ihBsa nkx+h tk;saxh ¼vkSj mu ls dgk
tk,xk½ ;g og gS tks rqe us vius fy, tek fd;k Fkk rks vc tek djus dk
et+k p[kks**A¼ikjg 10 #dw 11½ vkSj [kqnk rv+kyk dk Qjeku gS ^^og yksx
tks c[khyh djrs gSa ml ds lkFk tks vYykg us mUgsa vius Qt+y ls fn;k og
;g xqeku gjfxt+ u djsa ;g mu ds fy, csgrj gS vfYd ;g mu ds fy,
cqjk gSA ml pht+ dk D+;ker ds fnu mu ds xys esa ¼lkai cuk dj½ r+kSd+
Mkyk tk,xk ftl ds lkFk mUgksa us c[k+hyh dhA¼ikjg 2 #dw 9½ tks yksx
vYykg ds gqd+wd+ dks Hkwy cSBs gSa og rjg+ rjg+ ds ’knhn v+t+kc esa eqCryk
fd, tk;saxsA vkSj cUnksa ds gqd+wd+ ds ckjs esa rks cgqr l[+r obZnsa gSA [kqnk,
rv+kyk mUgsa eqv+kQ ugha Qjek,xk tc rd cUnk u eqvkQ djsA vxj og
eqv+kQ ugha djsxk rks gnhl ’kjhQ ds eqrkfcd+ D+;ker ds fnu rhu iSls dh
ekfy;r ds cnys lkr lkS uekt+ ck tekv+r dk lokc nsuk iM+sxkA vxj
uekt+ksa dk lokc ugha gksxk rks fnxj usfd;ksa dk lokc nsuk iM+sxk vkSj
nwljh usfd;ka Hkh mlds ikl ugha gksxh rks gd+nkj dh cqjkbZ;ka ml ij ykn
nh tk;saxh vkSj mls tgUue esa Qsad fn;k tk;sxkA vYv+;kft+fcYykfg
rv+kykA vkSj tks yksx d+kSe o feYyr dks Hkwy cSBs gSa og nqfu;k o vkf[kjr
esa bT+t+r ugha ik ldrs vfYd nksuksa tgka esa ,sls t+yhy o #lok gksaxsA

loky ¼19½ %& efLtns g+jke vkSj efLtns ucoh ox+Sjg esa lmnh beke ds
ihNs gkft;ksa dks uekt+ i<+uk dSlk gS \
tokc ¼19½ %& efLtns g+jke vkSj efLtns ucoh ox+Sjg ds utnh lmnh
beke tks dqQjh v+d+hnk j[krs gSa vkSj gqt+wj l¸;ns v+kye lYyYykgq
rv+kyk v+ySfg olYye dh ckjxkg ds xqLrk[k+ o cs vnc gSa mu ds ihNs
 16
gkth vkSj x+Sj gkth fdlh dks uekt+ i<+uk tkbt+ ughaA tSlk fd ’kjg+
vd+k;n uLQh dk g+okyk tokc uEcj ¼4½ esa xqt+jk gSA

loky ¼20½ %& >wB]x+hcr] pqx+yh] xkyh xywt+] cn v+gnh] csbZekuh] g+ln]
cqXt+] j;kdkjh] ft+uk dkjh vkSj lwn [kksjh tSls cqjs vQvky esa tks yksx
eqCryk gksa mu ds fy, D;k gqDe gS \
tokc ¼20½ %& >wB gjke gS gnhl ’kjhQ esa vk;k gS ^^>wB cksyuk fQLd+
o Qqtwj gS vkSj fQLd+ o Qqtwj nkst+[k esa ys tkrk gSA**¼eqfLye ’kjhQ]ftYn
2 lQk 326½ vkSj x+hcr l[+r uktkbt+ g+jke gS gqt+wj lYyYykgq rv+kyk
vySfg olYye us Qjek;k ^^x+hcr ft+uk ls cnrj gS fdlh us vt+Z us fd;k
;k jlwyYykg ! x+hcr ft+uk ls D;ksa cnrj gS \ Qjek;k ft+uk djrk gS fQj
¼lg+h½ rkSck djrk gS rks vYykg rv+kyk mls eqvkQ Qjeknsrk gS ysfdu
x+hcr djus okys dks vYykg rv+kyk eqv+kQ ugha Qjekrk tc rd fd ml
dks og ’k[+l u eqv+kQ dj ns ftl dh x+hcr dh xbZ gksA** ¼eqfLye ’kjhQ]
ftYn 2 lQk 415½ vkSj pqx+yh Hkh g+jke gS cq[kkjh o eqfLye dh g+nhl
’kjhQ gS ^^pqx+qy [kksj tUur esa ugha tk;sxk** ¼cq[kkjh ’kjhQ] ftYn 2 lQk
895½ vkSj xkyh xqywt Hkh g+jke gSA gnhl ’kjhQ esa gS ^^eqlyeku dks xkyh
nsuk fQLd+ gS**¼cq[kkjh ftYn 2] lQk 893] eqfLye ’kjhQ]ftYn 2 lQk
411½ vkSj ;g+;k fcu [kkfyn us dgk ^^;v+uh tc rw fdlh dks ns[ks Qg’k
cdus okyk csg+;k gS rks tku ys fd ml dh vly esa [k+rk gS ¼gdkgqy equkoh
fQRrlhj½ vkSj cn v+gnh Hkh g+jke gS [kqnk, rv+kyk dk bj’kkn gS ^^,s
bZeku okyks ! vius v+gn iwjs djks** ¼ ikjg 6 lwj, ek;nk]#dw 1½ vkSj cs
bZekuh djuk gD+d+qy v+Cn esa fxfj¶rkj gksuk gS tks cgqr l[+r gS fd [knk,
rv+kyk mls eqv+kQ ugha Qjek,xk tc rd fd og cUnk u eqv+kQ dj nsA
vkSj g+ln Hkh l[+r uktkbt+ o g+jke gS tks usfd;ksa dks bl rjg+ [kktkrk gS
tSls vkx ydM+h dks A tSlk fd vcw nkmn ’kjhQ dh gnhl ’kjhQ gS AvkSj
cqX+t+ ds eq r vfYyd+ gnhl ’kjhQ esa gS ^^cqX+t+ o v+nkor nhu dks ewaMus
okyh gS ¼fe’dkr] lQk 428½ vkSj j;k dkjh v+ey dk lokc cjckn dj
nsrh gS bl fy, fd og f’kdZ vLx+j gS tSlk fd gnhl ’kjhQ esa gS ^^fn[kkos
ds fy, dke djuk f’kdZ vLx+j gS ¼fe’dkr ’kjhQ lQk 456½ vkSj ft+uk
 17
l[+r uktkbt+ o g+jke gS fd ckn’kkgs bLyke dks ft+uk djus okys ij gn
tkjh djus dk gqDe gSA vkSj lwn ds eqrvfYyd+ gnhl ’kjhQ esa gS ^^lwn dk
xqukg ,sls lRrj xqukgksa ds cjkcj gS ftu esa lc ls de njtk dk xqukg ;g
gS fd enZ viuh eka ls ft+uk djsA ¼bCus ektk lQk 164½ lwn ysus dks g+yky
tkuuk dqQjs ljhg+ gS vkSj g+jke tku dj ,d fnjge lwn [kkuk viuh eka
ls 36 ckj ft+uk djus ds cjkcj gSA ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ftYn 6 lQk 75½
tks yksx et+dwjk ckyk cqjkbZ;ksa esa eqCryk gSa og l[+r xqugxkj eqLrgd+
v+t+kcs ukj gSaA vYykg okfgns d+ggkj ds v+t+kc ls Mjsa]rkSck o bLrsx+Qkj
djsa] ftl xqukg dk rv+Yyqd+ fdlh cUns ls gS bl dk rnk#d djsa vkSj fQj
dHkh bu xqukgksa ds d+jhc gjfxt+ u tk;saAoYykgq rv+kyk vv+yeq fcLlokc
uksV %& ;g lc Qros eq¶rh tykyqíhu vgenqyvEtnh jgerqYykg v+ySg
nk#y b¶rk vfEtfn;k vj’knqy mywe vks>k xat] ft+yk cLrh ds gSaA

loky ¼21½ %& D;k Qjekrs gSa myek, nhu ’kj, erhu bl elvys esa fd
t+Sn ehjk v+yh nkrkj jgerqYykg v+ySg dh ckjxkg ls dqN Hkh bZaV ;k
fpjkx+ ;k dksbZ vkSj pht+ ys dj vk;k gSA vkSj ml dh et+kj cuk;k vkSj
ml et+kj ij yksx gkt+jh nsrs gSa Qkrgk i<+rs gSa] bZlky djrs gSa]nqvk ekaxrs
gSa]mUgsa euk fd;k tk;s rks dgrs gSaA fd vxj gd+ ugha rks QSt+ D;ksa feyrk gS
rks ml dk tokc D;k gS]vkSj tks gkt+jh nsrs gSa rks gkt+jh nsuk dSlk gS] vkSj
ftl us ,slk v+ey fd;k ;v+uh et+kj cuk;k rks ml ds ckjs esa ’kjhv+r dk
D;k gqDe gS \ rlYyh c[+’k tokc nsaA
tokc ¼21½ %& vytokc fcvkSfuy efyfdy eqv+fry oggokc
vYykgqEek fgnklfry gDd+ oLlokc% ftl d+cz esa dksbZ oyh nQu gS ogh
et+kj gSA fdlh cqt+#x ds ;gka ls dksbZ Hkh pht+ yk dj t+ehu esa xkM+ nsa
vkSj ml dk uke et+kj j[k nsa] ;g uktkbZt+ gS A vkSj Qt+hZ d+cz ij gkt+jh]
ut+z o fu;kt+]vkSj ogka nqv+k ekaxuk uk tkbZt+ gS vkSj et+gcs vgys lqUur
dks cnuke djuk gS] ml dks feVk nsuk pkfg, vkSj cukus okys vkSj ogka
tkus okyksa ij rkSck ykft+e gS vkSj ;g ololk ’kSrkuh gS fd vxj gd+ ugha
rks QSt+ D;ksa feyrk gS ;g ckr rks cqr dk iqtkjh Hkh dg ldrk gS rks D;k
ml dh ckr eku yh tk;sxh]ftl dh gktr iwjh gh gksus okyh Fkh gks xbZ ogka
 18
ugha tkrk rks Hkh gks tkrh] vYykg rv+kyk bj’kkn Qjekrk gS t+¸; u
ygqeq’’kSrk uq vv+ekygqe & ’kSrku cqjs dkeksa dks yksxksa dh ut+j esa vPNk
dj ds is’k djrk gSA ofy;Yykg dks ?kj esa ;kn djks mu ds olhys ls nqvk
djks]mu ls enn yks gktr iwjh gksxhA oYykgq rv+kyk vv+yeq fcLlokc A

loky ¼22½ %& D;k Qjekrs gaSa myek, nhu ’kj, erhu bl elvys esa fd
lkbZa ckck ds uke dh vkSj ml dh ewjrh dh efUnj gSA vius dks eqlyeku
dgyokus okys bl efUnj ij gkt+jh fn, vkSj Qkrsg+k i<+h] vkSj nqv+k ekaxh]
rks ’kjhv+r dk D;k gqDe gSA vkSj vxj lkbaZ ckck ds fy, nqv+k dh rks D;k
gqDe gS] vkSj tks eqlyeku ’kkfey jgs vkSj vkehu dgh rks ’kjhv+r dk
D;k gqDe gS bu lc lokyksa dk r¶lhyh tokc D;k gS \
tokc ¼22½ %& lkbaZ eq’kfjd Fkk] efUnj esa tkdj ewjrh ds ikl gkft+j
gksuk ogka nqv+k ekaxuk]Qkrg+k i<+uk]ewjrh dh fcyk ’kd o ’kqCgk rv+t+he
djuk [kqyk gqvk dqQz gSA eq’kfjd dh efX+Qjr dh nqv+k djuk vkSj og Hkh
ejus ds ckn dqQz gS]¼ ykgkS y oyk d+qOo r bYyk fcYykfgy v+fyf¸;y
v+t+he½ dksbZ bZeku okyk efUnj esa gh ugha tk ldrk mu lc ij rkSck vkSj
fQj ls eqlyeku gksuk Qt+Z gS ] vkSj tks choh okyk gks ml ij u, esgj ds
lkFk nksckjk mlh choh ds lkFk fudkg djuk Hkh Qt+Z gS ojuk gefcLrjh
[kkfyl ft+uk dkjh gksxh vkSj vkSykn oYnqfT+t+uk ¼gjkeh½ gksxhA vYykg
rv+kyk fgnk;r ns ¼vkehu½

loky ¼23½ %& D;k Qjekrs gSa myek, nhu ’kj, erhu bl elvys esa fd
t+Sn ,d lqUuh efLtn esa beke gS] t+Sn dks rv+ft+;knkjksa ls ;k Qt+hZ d+czksa ij
tkus okyksa ls dSls rv+Yyqd+kr j[kus pkfg, \
tokc ¼23½ %& mu ls rv+Yyqd+ j[kus esa mu ds fgnk;r dh mEehn gks rks
rv+Yyqd+ j[kuk tkbZt+ gS ojuk mu ls nwjh csgrj gSA

loky ¼24½ %& D;k Qjekrs gSa myek, nhu ’kj, erhu bl elvys esa fd
pUn yksx eqlyeku gqtwj rktqy vkSfy;k gt+jr ckck rktqíhu jgerqYykg
v+ySg dk tue fnu tqywl dh ’kdy esa vkSj gt+jr dk QksVw tqywl esa mBk,
 19
gq, pyuk vkSj dsd dkVuk] bl rjg fdlh cqt+#x dk ;kSes iSnkbZ’k eukuk
dSlk gS \
tokc ¼24½ %& ;kSes foyknr eukuk tkbt+ gS] QksVw g+jke gS] dsd dkVuk
vaxzst+ksa dk r+jhd+k gS] ml ls cpsa] fdlh Hkh ikd pht+ ij Qkrsg+k bZlkys
lokc tkbt+ gSA

loky ¼25½ %& D;k Qjekrs gSa myek, nhu ’kj, erhu bl elvys esa fd
lUny tks cqt+#xksa dk fudkyrs gSa]<ksy ckts ds lkFk ml ds ckjs esa ’kjhv+r
dk D;k gqDe gS \
tokc ¼25½ %& <ksy ckts uktkbt+ gSaA

gt+jr vYykek ekSykuk

eq¶rh vUlkj [k+ku d+knjh jt+oh
¼fNUnokM+k½
vytkfe;rqy x+kSfl;k]
’kgj fNUnokM+k] e?; izns’k] 9425896733
 20

vd+kbZn dk c;ku
loky%& cvt+ yksx dgrs gS fd **vYYkg rvkyk gj txg gS** rks 'kjvu
ml dk D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& vgys lqUue o tekvr dk vd+hnk gS fd vYykg vT+t+ks o ty
txg vkSj edku ls ikd gS vkSj ** vYykg rvkyk gj txg gS** ;g y¶t+
cgksr cqjs evuk dk ,grseke j[krk gS fygkt+k eqlyekuksa dks ,Slk tqEyk
Lrseky djus ls cpuk ykft+e gSA¼Qrok jfT+o¸;k ft- 6 ] lQk 132]
tqtgrqydkjh] ft- 2] l- 405½

loky%& vke rkSj ij yksx viuh cksypky es dgrs jgrs gS ^^Åij okys
dh et+hZ] ;k Åij okyk tkus** rks ;g 'kjvu dSlk gS \
tokc%& [kqnk;s rvkyk dh t+ke ds fy, Åij okyk cksyuk dqÝ gSA D;q dh
bl y¶t+ ls Ål ds fy, ftgr ¼fn'kkvksa½ dk lcqr gksrk gS] vkSj Ål dh
t+kr ftgr ls ikd gSA ysfdu vxj dksbZ 'k['k ;g tqEyk cqyUnh o cjrjh
ds eqv+us es bLrseky djs rks dk;y ¼cksyus okys½ ij gqDes dqÝu djsaxsA
exj bl dkSy dks cqjk fg dgsaxs] vkSj dk;y dks blls jksdsaxsA ¼cgkjs
'kjhvr ft- 1] l- 169] Qrok QSt+qjZjlwy 1] l- 2131½

loky%& vdlj tkfgyksa dks ns[kk tkrk gSA fd og vYykg rvkyk dks
**vYykg fe;kWa** dgrs gS rks ;g 'kjvu dSlk gS\
tokc%& vYykg fe;kWa dgsuk tkbt+ ugha gS D;q dh mnqZ t+cku es y¶t+ fe;kWa
ds fru evkuk gS 1 ekSyk 2 'kSgj 3 ft+uk dk nyky- tks tkuh vkSj tkuh
eqr ofLrr gks] mu es flQZ igyk evuk ¼;v+uh ekSyk½ vYykg rvkyk dh
'kku ds yk;d gS] vkSj ckdh ;g nksuks ev+uk 'kkus vyfog¸;r ¼vYykg fd
'kku½ ds f[kykQ gS- rks tc y¶t+ fe;kWa ds nks ev+us [kchl vkSj xyr gS
vkSj ,d ev+uk vPNk gS rks eqlrkjhd dsgjk vkSj 'kjv es okjhn ugha- rks
t+krs ckjh rv+kyk ml dk bRy eeuqvk ¼euk½ gksaxkA ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-
6] l-29] Qrkok vetfn;k ft-4] l-418 vyeyQwt+ ft-1 l-116
ercwvk cjSyh½
 21
dk;nk%& vYkkg fe;kWa ds ctk;s vYykg rvkyk] vYYkg vT+t+ksotYy]
vYykg ikd dgk tk;sA

loky%& vDlj yksxksa dks ;g dgrs gq, lquk tkrk gS Qyk nj[r ij vkSj
Qqyk rkd es 'kghn ckck jgrs gSA vkSj ogka ij tqesjkr dks 'kjuh vkSj
pkoy oxSjkg Qj Qkrsgk fnykrs gS] gkj yVdkrs gS] ykscku vkSj vxj cRrh
lqyxkrs gS] eqjkns ekaxrs gSA rks ;g lc dke 'kjv+u dSls gS\
tokc%& ;g lc dke okfg;kr o [kqjkQkr vkS tkfgykuk gekdr o
cr+kykr gS] mu dk bt+kyk ¼[kre djuk½ ykft+e gS-^^ekvUt+yYykgq fcgk
feu lqYrkfuu ouk gkS&y oyk dqODr bYyk fcYykfgy v+kf¸;y v+t+he**
;v+uh vYykg vT+Tkks otYy us bu ij dksbZ nyhy ukft+y ugh QjekbZ]
vkSj ugha gS dksbZ rkdr vkSj dqOor exj [kqnk, cqt+xZ o cjrj ls ¼avgdkes
'kjvr ft- 1] l- 23½

loky%& cv+t+ enZ vkSj vkSjrs vius mij 'kghn cqt+:x vkSj ckck oxSjg
ds vkus dk dkSy djrs gS] dksbZ dgrk gS eq> ij xkt+h fe;kWa lokj gSA dksbZ
dgrk gS eq> ij rktqíhu ckck lokj gSA dksbZ dgrk gS eq> ij 'kghn ckck
vkrs gS] dksbZ dqN vkSj dksbZ dqN dgrk gS] rks ;g lc ckrs 'kjv+u dSlh gSA
tokc%& ftu vkSj ukikd :gs enZ o vkSjr ij vkrh gSA vgfnl ls lsfcr
gS] vkSj og vDlj ukid txgks ij igrh gS] mUgh ls iukg ds fy,
ik[kkuk ¼ySVk jax½ tkus ls igys ;g nqok i<+us dk gqDe gS **
vÅt+kfc+Yykfg feuy [kwfCl oy [kckbZl** og l[kr >wBs dT+t+kc gksrs gS]
viuk uke dHkh 'kghn crkrs gSA vkSj dHkh dqN bl otg ls tkfgyks es
'kghnksa dk lj ij vkuk e'kgqj gksx;k] ouh 'kqgknk;s fdjke ,Slh [kchl
gjdrks ls equTtk vkSj eqcZjk vkSj ikd gSA ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 1] fuLQ
vkf[kj lQk@209@210 Qrkok cjdkrh;k] l- 175½

loky%& vxj fdlh eqlyeku ds fny es cqjs [k;kykr vkSj olols vk;s
;v+uh ,Sls ds vxj t+cku ls mls dgns rks ;dhuu bZeku ls gkFk /kks cSBs&
rks D;k bu [k;kykr ds vkus ls mlds bLyke es dqN QdZ vkrk gS\
 22
tokc%& cqjs [k;kykr vxj vk;s vkSj mUgs tek;k uk tk;s] u chyd+ln
bUgs t+cku ls vnk fd;k tk;s] rks bl ls bLyke es dqN QdZ ugha vkrk
vkSj tgk rd etcqjh gS rks dksbZ Hkh xqukg ugha ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-6] l-
54] cgksj 'kjhvr ft- 1] l- 164½

,d gnhl%& lgh eqLyhe es gt+jr vcq gqjSjkg jfn;Yykgq v+Ugks ls fjok;r

gS fd l¸;ns vkye lYyYykgq rv+kyk vySfg o lYye ds vLgkc es ls dqN
yksx vkidh f[knker es gkft+j gq, vkSj vki ls nj;k¶r fd;k fd gekjk
gky ;g gS fd cv+t+ vkSdkr ge vius fnyksa esa ,Sls cqjs [k;kykr vkSj
olols ikrs gS] fd mu dks t+cku ls dguk Hh cgksr cqjk vkSj cgksr Hkkjh
ekyqe gksrk gSA jlqys djhe lYyYykgq rv+kyk vySfg o lYye us bZj'kkn
QeZk;k^^vks dn+ otRrqew&d** D;k okdbZ rqegkjh ;g gkyr gS\ mUgksus vtZ
fd;k gka ;gh gky gSA vkius bj'kkn Qjek;kWa ^^t+kfy&d& ljhgqybZeku**
;g rks [kkyhl bZeku gS-

oLolksa dk bykt%& cqjs olols tc fny es vk, rks vYykg v+T+t+otYy

dh rjQ lqtwv+ djs vkSj dgs ^^vkeUuk fcYykfg o jlwfygh gqvy vOoyq
oy vk[kqj oT+t+kfg: oy ckfruq ogq v fcdqfYy 'kSbZu vy+he** vkSj
ykgkSy 'kjhQ i<s+ vkSj [kq'kdh, fnekx dk bykt Hkh djk,] vkSj oklols
dk fcYdqy [k;ky uk djuk cfYd mlds f[kykQ djuk Hkh nkQ+sv+ ololk
gSA¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-6]l-54- cgksj 'kjhv+r ft-2]l-23- vYeydwt l-81½

loky%& dej nj vdjc ;v+uh tc pkan tc cqt vd+jc es gksrk gS rks

lQj djus dks yksx cqjk tkurs gS] vkSj utqeh mls eUgwl crkrs gSA vkSj
'kknh;kWa djus djkus Hkh cqjk crkrs gSA vkSj tc cq> vln es gksrk gS rks
diMs d+rv+ djkus vkSj flYokus dks cqjk tkurs gSA rks ;g lc ckrs 'kjv+u
dSlh gS\
tokc%& ,slh ckrksa dks gjfxt+ u ekuk tk;s] ;g ckrs f[kykQs 'kjv+ vkSj
utwfe;ksa ds <dkslys gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ft- 16] l- 258½
 23
loky%& lv+n ug+l vkSj vd+jc tsk tUrfj;ksa es fy[kk jgrk gS ml ds
eqrkfcd v+ey djuk dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g lc cs vly vkSj utwfe;ksa ds <dkslys gSa mu dk ,frckj
gjfxt+ udjsa ! ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-1] l- 265 fuLQ vkf[kj½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx Nhad dks cn Qkyh ¼cqjk [;ky½ djrs gS] elyu
fdlh dke ds fy, tkjgk gS vkSj fdlh dks Nhad vkxbZ rks le>rs gS fd og
dke vUtke ugh- ik;saxk rks ml dk D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& ;g mu dh tgkyr vkSj eq'kfjdhus fgUn dk ukikd vd+hnk gS
D;ksa fd 'kkfgns vny ¼;v+uh vkfny xokg½ Qjek;k l[kr x+Yrh gSA ¼cgkjs
'kjhv+r ft- 16]l-103] vyeyQwt+ ft- 2] l- 119 ½

loky%& cv+t+ tkfgy vkSjrs yM+dksa ds dku ukd Bsnokus vkSj cPpksa dh
pksfV;ka j[kus dh eUur ekurh gS] vkSJ Hkh rjg dh eUursa ekUrh gSa rks
'kjv+u mu dk D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& vOoyu ,slh okfg;kr eUurks ls cps] vkSj ekuh gksa rks iwjh u djsa
vkSj 'kjhv+r ds evkfeys es vius yXow [;kykr dks n[ky u nsa u ;g fd
gekjs cM+s cw<s ;wa gh djrs pys vk, gS vkSj ;g fd iwjh u djsaxs rks cPpk
ej tjk;saxk cPpk ejus okyk gksaxk rks rks ;g uktkbZt+ eUurs cpkus u ysaxh
¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-1] l- 35½

Qk;nk%& eUursa ekuk djks rks usd dke elyu uekt+] jkst+k] [kSjkr] n:n
'kjhQ] dyek 'kjhQ] dqjku ethn i<+us] Qdhjksa dks [kkuk nsus] vkSj diM+k
igukus oxS+jk dh eUur ekuk] vkSj vius ;gkWa ds fdlh lqUuh vkfye ls
nj;k¶r Hkh dj yks fd eUur Bhd gS ;k ugha\ ogkch ls u iwNuk fd og
xqejkg cs nhu gS og lgh eLvyg u crk;sxl cfYd bp ihp ls tkbZt+ dks
uktkbZt+ dg nsxkA

loky%& vxj dksbZ eqlyeku ;g dgs fd esjk Qyk dke ugha gqvk ;k ugha
djksxs rks eS nsocUnh eLyd eLyu bf[r;kj dj ywaxk rks ml ds fy, D;k
 24
gqDe gS\
tokc%& nsocUnh fQjdk ds ljx+ukvksa us cgqr lh t+:fj;rs nhu dk
bUdkj fd;k vkSj cdjhr u ejhr viuh fdrkcksa es Nkik gS ftl dh fcuk
ij myek, gjeSu r¸;cSu oxS+jgqek us mu ij dqÝ dk Qrok fn;k tks
glkeqygjeSu vkSj vLlokfjeqy fgfUn;k oxSjkg es vkt Hkh ekStqn gS]
fygkt+k vxj dksbZ eqlyeku ml dkfQj fQjds es nkf[ky o 'kkehy gks
tkus dk dkSy ;k fu¸;r djrs gh dkfQj gks tk;sxk ¼vy v'kckg
oUut+kbj½

loky%& vxj dksbZ 'k[l vUtkus es dyk, dqÝ t+cku ls cd tk, rks
dkfQj gksxk ;k ugha\
tokc%& vxj dksbZ 'k[l cx+Sj etcwjh ds reL[kj ¼et+kd½ ;k tgy
¼tgkyr½¼vutkus½ ls dYek, dqÝ t+cku ij tkjh djs dkfQj gks tk;sxk
vkSj ykbYeh dk mt+z dcwy u fd;k tk;sxk ¼vy v'kckg oUut+kbZj&
[kt+kbuqy bjWku½

loky%& vdlj yksxksa dks ;g dgrs gq, lquktkrk gS fd **vYykg rvkyk

ds fy[k nsus ls cUnk fdlh dke ds djus ij etcwj gS\
tokc%& tks tSlk djus okyk Fkk vYykg rv+yk us vkius bYes vt+yh ls
tku dj mls oSlk gh fy[k fy;k gS& ml dk eryc ;g gjfxt+ugh fd
tSlh ml us fy[k fn;k gS] oSlk gh ge dks djuk iM+rk gSA cfYd tSlk ge
djus okys Fks oSlk mlus fy[k fn;k gS] oSlk gh ge dks djuk iM+rk gSA
cfYd tSlk ge djus okys Fks oSlk mlus fy[k fn;k gS [kqyklk ;g fd [kqnk;s
rvkyk ds bYe ;k ml ds fy[k nsus ls fdlh 'k[l dks fdlh dke ds djus
ij etcwj ugha dj fn;k ¼cgksjs 'kjhvr½ fygkt+k yksxksa dk ;g dguk fd
^^rd+nhj esa tks fy[kk gksxk ogh gksxk** nqjqLr ugha cfYd ;w dguk pkfg, ds
^^tks eqdíj esa gksxk ogh gksxk** oYykgq vv+yeq fcLlokch

loky%&Qh t+ekuk cgksr ls yksx gSa tks dgrs gS fd 'kjhvr vkSj gS rjhdr
vkSj] rks D;k ;g lghag+ gS\
 25
tokc%& ,sls yksx fujs tkfgy ;k xqejkg cnnhu gksrs gSA 'kjhv+r] rjhdr]
gdhdr vkSj ev+fjQr esa ckge vlyu dksbZ eq[kkfyQr ugha 'kjhvr
gqt+wjs vD+nl lYyYykgq rvkyk vySfg olYye ds vd+oky gSa vkSj rjhdr
gqt+wj ds vQv+ky vkSj gdhdr gqtw+j ds vg+oky vkSj ev+fjQr gqt+wj ds
m+ywe ¼bYe dh tek½ cs felky lYyYykgq vySfg o lYye ¼Qrkok
jfT+o¸;k ft- 1] l- 59] fuLQ vOoy cgkjs 'kjhvr ft- 1] l- 78½

loky%& cv+t+ tksgyk ¼tkfgy½ vius fdlh nq'keu ;k ecwxt+ dks ns[k
dj dgrs gSa fd eydyekSr ;k btz+kbZy vkx;k] rks bl dk D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& ;g d+jhc cdyek, dqÝ gS fygkt+k bl ls cpuk l[kr bTrsukc
¼cpuk½ ykft+e gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 1] l- 124½

ot+ w vkSj xq+Ly dk c;ku

loky%& cv+t+ yksx dgrs gS fd otw+ djrs ckr phr djuk ;k fdlh dss
lyke dk tokc nsuk ugha pkfg, rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& nkSjkus ot+w nwfu;koh xq¶rxw ed:g gS tc fd fcyk gktr gks vkSj
lyke dk tokc fn;k tk ldrk gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 3] l- 603]
Qrkok vEtfn;k t- 1] l- 7½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx bfLrutk ;v+uh is;kkc ik[kkuk ds cps gq, ikuh ls
otw djuk ed:g le>rs gS blh otg ls ml ikuh dks Qsad nsrs gS rks ;g
dSlh gS\
tokc%& bfLrUtk ds cps gq, ikuh ls otw+ dj ldrs gS] cv+t+ yksxtks mls
Qsad nsrs gSa ;g ugh gksuk pkfg,] fd vljkQ ¼Qqt+qy½ es nkf[ky gS ¼ Qrkok
jfT+o¸;k ft-1] l- 235] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-2] l- 115 bjQkus 'kjhv+r½

uksV % 7 yksVksa esa ot+w dkikuh cpk gqvk gksrk gS] mls cv+t+ yksx Qsad nsrs gS
;k uktkbZt+ o vljkQ gS] ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr 16@27½] Qrkok jfT+o¸;k
1@73½
 26
loky%& cv+t+ yksx nwljs ds ukckfyx cPpk ls fcyk eqvkfot+k ikuh Hkj
ok dj ihrs ;k otw djrs gD ;k nqljh rjg Lrseky djrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g uktkbZt+ gS D;ksa fd bl ikuh dk cPpk ek ekfyd gks tkrk
gS] vkSj gCck ugh djldrk fQj nwljs dkd bl dk bLrseky D;ksa dj
tkbt+ gksxk vyvRrk vius ukckfyx yMds dk nwljs ds ckfyx yMdk ;k
yMdh dk Hkjk gqvk ikuh Lrseky djuk tkbt+ gSA ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r 1@77]
Qrok dStqjZlwy 1@164½

loky%& cv+t+ v+oke esa e'kgwj gS fd ot+w vkSj xqLy esa lc ds fy, ikuh
dh ,d gh fed+nkj gksuh pkfg, ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ ckfry ¼>wB½ gSA ,d yEck pkSM+k nwljk nqCyk iryk] ,d
ds reke v+v+t+k ¼vxksa½ ij cky nwljs dk cnu lkQ] ,d ?kuh nk<+h okyk]
nwljk cs nk<+h] ,d lj ij cM+s cM+s cky nwljs dk lj eqUMk o vyk gkt+y
fd;kl] fQj lc ds fy, ,d fed+nkj dsls eqfWdu gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k
1@161 cgkjs ;kjhvr 2@37] uqtgrqydkjh½

loky%& voke esa ;g eLvyk cgwr e'kgwj gS fd ot+w esa dksbZ txg [kq'kd
u jg tk;s gj txg Hkhx tkuk pkfg, oukZ ot+w u gksaxk rks ;g dgk rd
lgh gS \
tokc%& ;g dguk fd ot+w esa dksbZ txg [kq'kd u jgus ik;s gj fgLlk Hkhx
tkuk pkfg, egt+ xyr gSA D;ksafd vT+o ds gj fgLlk ij ikuh dk cguk
t+:jh flQZ Hkhx tkuk ;k rj gks tkuk dkQh ugh gSA Qrkok vkyexhjh
ftYn vOoy esa ^^yk ;ktw+ tqy ;t+w ekye ; rdfr:y ekv** rtZek % tc
rd ikuh otw lghg ughaA

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd cs ot+w 'k[l dk uk[kqu ikuh esa iM+us ls
ikuh ed:g gks tkrk gS rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& eLvyk ;wa gS fd cs ot+w ds vv+t+kv ¼vax½ ot+w esa tks dks cs /kqyk
fgLlk lj ds flok vkcs dyhy ¼FkksM+k ikuh½ ls cs t+:jr el ¼Nw,½ djsxk
og ikuh dkfcys otW+ u jgsxj vkSj bl dk ihuk ed:g gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k
 27
1@318] cgkjs 'kjhvr 2@17½

loky%& ot+w esa ¼caxksa½ dk ftl dnj /kksuk Qt+Z vkSj t+:jh gS vxj mlls
c<+k dj /kks;k tk;s rks D;k dkj ¼dke½ yX+o¼lsy½ vkSj vljkQ¼Qqtwy
[kpZ½ gS\
tokc%& ugha] cfYd ,slk djuk eqLrgc vkSj csgrj gS gnhl'kjhQ esa gS
jlwyqYykg lYyYykgq vySfg olYye us Qjek;k fd esjh mEer ds psgjs
vkSj pkjksa gkFk ikoa D;ker ds fnu otw ds uwj ls jks'ku o equOoj gksaxs rks
rqe esa ftl ls gks lds mls pkfg, fd vius bl uqj dks T+;knk djs ;vuh
psgjs ds vrjkQ esa tks gns 'kjv+u eqdjZj gS ml ls T+;knk /kks, vkSj gkFk
fuLQ ckt+w vkSj ika vk/kh fiUMyh rd ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k 1!159] Qrkok
vfEtn;k 1@3½

loky%& voke esa ;g tks e'kgwj gS fd ot+w cgksr tYn djuk pkfg, vkSj
blh ekuk dj dgrs gS ot+w tokuksa dk lk vkSj uekt+ cks<ksa dh lhrks ;g
dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g xyr gS cfYd ot+w esa Hkh bResuku vkSj vkfgLrxh gksuh pkfg,
Qrgqyckjh vkSj 'kkeh 'kqekjs vknkfc ot+w es gS oRrkuh ¼;v+uh nsj djuk½
vkSj vkyexhfj;k esa gS **yk ;Lrv+fty fQy ot+w ¼;vuh coTw esa tYnh u
djs½ ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 1] l- 208] cgkjs 'kjhvr 2@19½

loky%& voke eas ;g cgqr e'kgwj gS fd tks ot+w uekt+s tukt+kk ds fym
fd;k x;k gks ml ls dksbZ mwljh uekt+_ ugh vnk djldrs rks ;g 'kjv+u
dSlk\
tokc%& ;g eg+t+ xtr o ckfry o cs vly gS] cfYd tks otw uekt+s
tuke+k ds fy, fd;k x;k ml ls gj uekt+ i<+ ldrs gSA ¼Qrkok jfT+o;k
ft- 1] l- 582] Qrkok QSt+qjZlwy ft- 1] l-163½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx xqLy ls Qkfjx gksus ds ckn uekt+ ds fy, fQj ls otw
djrs gS rks D;k uekt+ ds fy, xqLy dk otw uk dkQh gS\
 28
tokc%& ugh cfYd dkQh gS] fe'kdkr 'kjhQ ckcqy xqLy esa gt+jr vkb'kk
flíhdk jfn;Yykgq vUgks ls fjok;r gS fd ufc¸;s djhe lYyYykgq vySfg
o lYye xqLy ds ckn otw ugh djrs Fks] bl gnhls ikd ds rgr fejkrqy
equkthg esa gS ** D;ksa fd xqLy ls igys otw Qjekysrs Fks og otw uekt+ ds
fy, dkQh gksrk Fkk cfYD vxj dksbZ 'k[l cxSj otw fd, Hkh xqLy djs vkSj
fQj uekt+ i<+ ys rks tkbZt+ gSA D;ksa fd rgkjrs dqcjk ds ftue esa rgkjrs
lqxjk Hkh ikyh tkrh gSA

loky%& cgksr ls yksx otw djus esa ;w fd;k djrs fd ukd ;k vka[k ;k Hkw
ij pqYyw Mkydj lkjs eqag ij gkFk Qsj ysrs gS vkSj ;g le>rs gSa fd eqag
/kqy x;k rks D;k bl rjg ls otw+ gkstkrk gSA
tokc%& bl rjg /kksus esa eqag ugha /kqyrk vkSj ot+w ugha gksrk fd ikuh dk
Åij p<+uk dksbZ ev+uk ugha j[krk ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 1] l- 555]
cgkjs 'kfjv+r] ft- 2] l- 20½

loky%& voke es e'kgwj gS fd ?kqVuk ;k lrj [kqyus ;k viuk ;k ijk;k

lrj ns[kus ls otw tkrk jgrk gS D;k ;g lgh gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ cs vly ckr gS] gkw ctw ds vknkc ls ;g gS} fd ukQ
ls tkuw ds fups rd lc lrj Nqikgks] ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 2] l- 28]
Qrkok vQjhdk lQk 89½
loky%& ;g tks cv+t+ yksx dgrs gS fd fjrUt+hj dk uke ysus ls ot+w tkrk
jgrk gS dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ xyr vkSj fcYdqy cs vly ckr gSA
loky%& cv+t+ tkfgy vkSjrksa esa ;g ckr e'kgwj gS fd gkFk ;k cnu esa
xUnk yx tkus ;k Nks tkus ls otw VwV tkrk gS ;g dSlk \
tokc%& ;g Hkh x+yr e'kgwj gS bl ls otw gjfxt+ ugh VqVrk vycRrk
ml dk /kks ysuk t+:jh gSA
loky%& cv+t txg txg coke esa ;g e'kgwj gS fd ck ot+w vkSjr vxj
 29
cPps dks nw/k fiyk;s rks ml dk otw VwV tkrk gS ;g dSlk\
tokc%& ;g x+yr gS fd nw/k fiykuk ukokfdls otw ls ugha gS] ;vuh bl ls
otw ugha VqVrk gSA

loky%& cgksr ls yksx ukikd yqaxh cka/k dk gh xqLy dj fy;k djrs gS vkSj
;g le>rs gS fd ugkus esa diMk vkSj nksuks ikd gks tkrs gS rks ;g dSlk\
tokc%& ;g x+yr gS pkgs enZ ,slk djs ;k vkSjr D;ksa fd bl lwjr esa
utklr ¼xUnxh½ QSydj iwjs cnu dks cfYd cjru rd dks ukftl ¼xUnk½
dj Mkyrh gS fygkt+k xqLy djus okys dks pkfg, fd dksbZ ikd diM+k igu
dj xqLy djs] ;k mlh dks /kqydj igys ikd dj ys] fQj mls igu dj
ugk;s oukZ ukikd gh jg tk;sxk ¼vkEe dqrc½

loky%& cv+t+ bykdksa esa ;g ckr e'kgwj gS fd tks vkneh e¸;r dks xqLy
nsrk gS og ukikd gks tkrk gS] ;v+uh ml ij xqLy okftc gks tkrk gS rks ;g
'kjv+u dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g cs vly ckr gS] e¸;r dks xqLy nsus okys ij u xqLy okftc
gksrk gS u ot+w ewrk beke eqgEen lQk 166 esa gS e¸;r dks xqLy nsus okys
ij u xqLy okftc gksrk gS u otw & flok, ml ds fd tks NhV iM+ tk;s mls
/kksys] gk e¸;r dh ugykus ds ckn otw dj ysuk eqLrgc gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr½

loky%& v+oke ¼[kwlwlu vkSjrkss½ esa ;g eLvyk e'kgwj gS fd tcrd xqLy

esa dyek u i<+ fy;k tk;s ikdh gkfly ugha gksrh ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g eg+t+ x+yr vkSj fcYdqy cs vly ckr gS] cfYd cgkjs
'kjhv+r ft- nkse es gS ** fd xqLy djrs oDr fdlh fdLe dh ckr u djs
vkSj u dksbZ nqvk i<s+ ** fygkt+k xqLy djrs oDr dYek i<+us dh ykft+e
djkj nsuk voke dh tgkyr gSA

loky%& v+oke es tks e'kgwj gS fd efLtn dh nhokj ls r;Eeqe djuk

uktkbZt+ ;k ed:g gS dSlk gS\
tokc%& ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-1] l- 733] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 2] l- 70½
 30
loky%& vxj dksbZ 'k[+l cxSj otw ds dlnu uekt+ i<s rks D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& ,lk 'k[l dkfQj gS ¼Qrkok fgfUn;k ft- 2] l- 242½

tukcr ¼ukikdh½ dk c;ku

loky%& voke esa ;g e'kgwj gSfd nw/k ihrs cPpksa dk is'kkc ikd gS rks ;g
lgh \
tokc%& ;g egt+ xyr gS] cfYd nw/k ihrs yMds vkSj yMdh dj is;kkc
utklrs xyht+k ¼cMh cMh+ xanxh 1 gS½ ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 3] l- 198]
vgdkes 'kjhv+r ft- 3] l-251½

loky%& cv+t+ voke es e'kgwj gS fd f[kuthj dk nkgsuk iSj ikd gS rks

D;k ;g lghg gS\
tokc%& ugh cfYd f[kUthj ¼lqvj½ utlqy vSu gS ml dk xks'kr iksLr
cky vkSj uk[kwu cxSjk reke vt+tk ¼vax½ uftl ¼xUnk½ o gjke gS
vkyexhjh ftYn vOoy rcv+ ikfdLrku lQk 24 esa gS vkyexhjh ftYn
vOoy rcv+ ikfdLrku l-24] es gS f[kUt+hj ds reke vtt+lk ukftl gSA

loky%& yksxksa es e'kgwj gS fd vxj ukikd vkneh ds diMs es mldk

ilhuk yx tk, rks diMk Hkh ukikd gkstkrk gS ;g dSlk\
tokc%& ;g fcYdqy xyr gS] D;ksa fd vxj ukikd vkneh dk ilhuk ikd
gS Qrkok, vkyexhjh esa gS] gkWa exj ftl txg utklr gks ogk ilhuk
fudy dj vxj diMk rj ¼fxyk½ gks tk;s] rks bl futklr dh otg ls
diM+k ukikd gks tk,xk ¼Qrkok vEtfn;k ft-1] l-32] vgdkes 'kjhv+r
ft-3] l-248½

loky%& v+oke esa e'kgwj gS fd vxj fdlh ds cnu ;k diMs ls dqRrk Nw

tk, rk cnu vkSj diMk ukikd gks tkrk gS rks ;g 'kjv+u dSlk gS\
tokc%& dqRrk cnu ;k diMs ls Nq tk; rks vxj ps ml dk ftle rj gks
cnu vkSj diMk ikd gSA gk vxj ml ¼dqRrs½ ds cnu ij futklr yxh gks
 31
rks vkSj ckr gS ;k ml dk yqvc ¼Bqd½ yxs rks ukikd dj nsxk ¼cgkjs
'kjhv+r ft- 2] l- 101½

loky%& ;g tks tkfgy vkSjrks es e'kgwj gS fd tc rd fpYyk ¼pkyhl

jkst+½ iwjk u gks tk;] ml oDr tPpk ¼tuus okyh vkSjr½ ikd ugha gksrh gS
'kjv+u dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g egt+ xyr gS] [kwu cUn gksus ds ckn ukgd ukikd jg dj
uekt+ jkst+k NksM dj l[kr dchjk xqukg esa fxfj¶rkj gksrh gS] enkZs ij Qt+Z
gS fd mUgs ml ls jksds] fuQkl dh T+;knk gn ds fy, plyhl fnu j[ks x,
gS u ;g fd pkyhl fnu ls de gksrk gh ugha] ml ls de ds fym dksbZ gn
ugha] vxjps tuus ds ckn flQZ ,d feuV [kwu vk;k vkSj cUn gks x;k]
vkSjr mlh oDr ikd gks xbZ] ugk;s vkSj uekt+ i<s vkSj jkst+s j[[ks vxj
pkyhl fnu ds vUnj mls [kwu nksckjk vk;k rks uekt+ jkst+s lc lghn jgsaxs

loky%& fgUnqLrku es cv+t+ txg ;g nLrwj gS fd gSt+ fuQkl okyh

vkSjrksa ds cjru vyx djnsrs gSa cfYd bu cjruksa dks feLy rftl ¼xUnk½
ds tkurs gS ;g dSlk\
tokc%& ;g fgUnqvksa dh jles gS ,slh csgwnk jLeks ls ,gfr;kr ykft+e gS
¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-2] l-91] Qrkok eqLrfQ¸;k ft- 1] l-142½

vt+ku o vd+ker dk c;ku

loky%& ;g tks voke esa e'kgwj gS fd vt+ku efLtn ds ckos ¼myVs rjQ½
rjQ gksuk pkfg,\
tokc%& fcYdqy x+yr gS] nkgus ck;sa dh dksbZ r[klhl 'kjhv+rs eqrggjk ls
lkfcr ugha] cfYd og txg bf[r;kj djsa tgka ls iM+ksl okyksa dks [kwc
lqukbZ ns] fd vly ed+ln vt+ku rcyhx+ o vv+yke gS Qrkok, vkye
xhjh es gS lqUur ;g gS fd ¼[kkfjt efLtn ls½ mslh Åaph txg vt+ku dgh
tk;s fd iM+ksl okyksa dks [kwc lqukbZ nsA ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-3] l- 32½

loky%& cv+t+ txg 'kcs dæesa b'kk dh uekt+ ds fy, lkr ckj vt+ku
 32
dgrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g xs vly gS ml dk dksbZ lcwr ugha ¼vukok:y gnhl l- 291½

loky%& voke es e'kgwj gS fd ckckfyx+ cPpk vt+ku ugh ns ldrk rks

D;k lghg gS\
tokc%& ukckfyx cPpk vxj le>nkj gS rks fcyk fdlh djkgr ds
vt+ku ns ldrk gSA ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 3] l- 31½ nqjZs eq[krkj 391 esa

loky%& cv+t+ yksxksa dk [;ky gS fd rdchj beke ds ihNs ;k nkfgus rjQ

gksuk pkfg, ck;sa rjQ ls dguk eeuwv gS rk dSlk\
tokc%& vd+ker ¼rdchj½ beke dh egkt+kr ¼eqdkfcy Bhd ihNs½ esa dgh
tk;s ;gh lqUur gS] ogka txg u feys rks nkghus rjQ okuk ckbZ rjQ
fygkt+k ck, rjQ dgus dks eEuqv+ ¼euk½ [;ky djuk voke dh x+Yrh gSA

loky%& vkt dy vdlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd rdchj dgus okyk fdcyk :

[kMs gks dj eqdEey rDchj i<+ nsrk gS rks D;k rDchj dgus dk ;gh rjhd+k
gS\
tokc%& vd+ker esa Hkh g¸;kvyLlykg] g¸;kvyyQykg ds oDr ngus
ck;s eqag Qsjs ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-2]l-416] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-3] l-34½

loky%& vkt dy vdlj txg jokt iM+ x;k gS fd vdker yksx [kMs
gks tkrs gS rks fd;k ;g lgh gS\
tokc%& ugha- cfYd gqDe ;g gS fd vd+ker ds oD+r beke vkSJ eqDrnh
lkFkh yksx csBs jgs tc rdchj dgus okyk g¸;kvyyQykg ij igksaps rc
[kMs gks Qrkok vkyexhjh ft- vOoy] feljh 536 ij gS beke vkSj
eqDrnh ml oDr [kMs gks rdchjdgus okyk g¸;kvyyQykg dgs] myek,
lyklk gt+jr beke vv+t+e beke vce ;wlqQ vkSj beke eqgEen ds
ut+nhd vkSj ;gh lgh gS vkSj jgk [kMs+ gksdj lqukuk rks ;g ed:g gS blh
rjg fQd+g dh reke fdrkcksa es ;g eLvyk etdwj gS gRrk fd nso cfUn;ksa
ds dqrwc es Hkh gSA
 33
loky%& vdlj txg jokt gS fd tc rd beke eqlYyk ¼tk uekt+½ ij
u igksap tk, ml oDr rd rDchj ugha dgh tkldrh ;g dSlk \
tokc%& tc beke efLtnesa uekt+ dh r¸;kjh ds lkFk vktk, rks rDchj
dg lDrs gS vxjps tk uekt+ rd u iksapsA¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 2] l-
420 cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 3] lQk 34½

loky%& cv+t+ txg jokt gS fd [kqRcs dh vt+ku efLtn ds vUnj beke

ds lkeus gkFk nks gkFk ds Qklys ij i<+h tkrh gSA ;g dSlk\
tokc%& [kqRck, tqrk dh vt+ku [krhc ds lkeus efLtn ds ckgj] i<+uk
lqUur gS vkSJ efLtn ds vUnj i<+uk fcnv+rs o csvly vkSj gnhl o
fQdk ds f[kykQ gS fQdg gUQh dh reke eksv+ren o eqLrun fdrkcksa es
;g elyk ,slk gh et+dwj gS

,d gnhl %& lqcu vcw nkmn ftYn vOoy lQk 162 esa cluns glu
ejoh gS gt+jr lkbZu fcu ;t+hn jfn;Yykgq vUg ls ejoh mUgksa us Qjek;k
fd tc jlwy lYyYykgq rvkyk vySfg oLyye tqek ds jkst+ feFcj ij
r'kjhQ j[krs rks gqtwj ds lkeus efLtn ds njokt+s ij vt+ku nh tkrh Fkh
vkSj ,slk gh gt+jr vcwcdj flíhd mej Qk:d jfn;Yykgq vUgqek ds
t+ekus esaA

loky%& vDlj txh ns[kk x;k gS fd v+oke nwljh vt+ku dks tks [kqrck ds
oDr dgh tkrh gS iLr vokt+ ls feLys rDchj dg ysrs gS] ;g 'kjvu
dSlk gS\
tokc%& nksuksa vt+kus iwjh vkokt+ ls [kwc cqyUn dgh tk;sa] ftl rjg
vt+ku es lqUur gS vkSj jgk ilr vkokt+ ls feLys rDchj dguk ;g
v+oke dh egt+ tgkyr gS ml ls lqUur vnk ugh gksrh vlyh vt+ku rks
vt+kus lkuh ¼nwljh vt+ku½ gS vkSj igyh vt+ku veh:y eksfeuhu
mLeku xuh jfn;Yykg vUgks aus tk;n QjekbZ] dek lfCcr fØdguk
oxSjgqek ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;;k ft-2] lQk 389] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 4] l-103½
 34

uekt+ dk c;ku
loky%& cv+t+ yksx dgrs gSa fd beke vekek u cka/ks] vkSJ eqDrnh bekek
cka/ks rk ml ls uekt+ ed:g gksrh gS D:k ;g lghg gS\
tokc%& vxj eqDrnh ds lj ij v+ekek gS] vkSj beke ds ugha] rks mldh
otg fdlh dh uekt+ esa dksbZ djkgr ugha] vkSj eqDrnh dks uekt+ ck
v+eek dk lokc feysxkA¼Qrkok jfT+¸;k ft-3]l-451]Qrkok metfn;k1]l-195½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx 'kcs dæ ;k jet+ku ds vkf[kjh tqek dt+k, mejh ds

uke ls nks ;k pkj jdv+r uekt+ i<+rs gS vkSj ;g le>rs gS fd ft+Unxh
Hkjdh dt+k;s mlh ,d uekt+ ls vnk gks xbZ rks mu dk ;g [;ky dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g [k;ky ckfry egt+ gS tc rd fdgj ,d uekt+ dh dt+k
vyx vyx u i<sa xs QtZ+ ft+Ees ls lkfdr u gksxk&¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-
3] l- 459] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 4] l- 48½

Qk;nk %& ftl ds ftRus dt+k uekt+s cgksr T;knk gks] og vklkuh ds fy,
vxj ;w Hkh vnk djs rks tkbzt+ gS
¼1½ Qjt+ks dh [kkyh jdvvrksa esa ctk;s vYgenq 'kjhQ ds rhu ckj
lqCgkuYykg dgs] vkSj vxj ,d ckj Hkhdg ysxk rks Qt+Z vnk gks tk;sxk
¼2½ gj :dwv vkSj gj ltnk es 3 3 ckj lqCgku jfCc;y vt+he vkSj
lqCgku jfCcy;y vvyk dgus fd ctk;s flQZ ,d ckj i<+ysuk dkQh gS
¼3½ vkf[kjh vRrfg¸;kr ds ckn nksuksa n:nksa vkSj nqvk dh txg flQZ
vYykgqEek lfYy v+yk eqgEenOok vkfygh dg lyke Qsj ns]
¼4½ forjksa ds rhljh jdvr esa nqvk dquwrc 124 es gS] dkSys eq[krkj ;g gS
fd QjkbZt+ o uokfQy reke uekt+ks esa ukckfyx dh beker uktkbZt+ gSA

loky%& cvt+ ueft;ksa dks ns[kk tkrk gS fd gksyrs uekt+ es mu dh yqaxh

;k iktkek V[kuk ls fups yVdrk jgrk gS rks D;k mlls uekt+ es dksbZ
[kyy rks ugha \
tokc%& V[kuk ls uhps yqaxh ;k iktkek dk bLrseky vxj rdCcqj ¼?keaM½
 35
dh otg ls gks rks gjke gS vkSj uekt+ ed:g rgjheh okftcqy vv+nk
¼;v+uh fQjls i<+uk½ gksxh] vkSj rdCcqj dh otg ls ugh rks ed:gs
rUthgh gS vkSj uekt+ f[kykQs vkSyk ¼ukilUn½ gksxh ¼Qrkok cjdrh;k
lQk 111@112½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx dgrs gSa fd b’kk esa forj ds ckn dh nks jdv+r u¶y
uekt+ cSB dj i<+uk v¶t+y gS D;ksa fd gqt+wj vdje lYyYykgq rvvkyk
vySfg olYye dk ;gh ev+ewy Fkk rks ;g dSlk gSa \
tokc%& forj ds ckn tks nks jdv+r u¶y uekt+ i<+rs gS ml dk Hkh ;gh
gqDe gS fd [kMs+ gks dj i<+uk v¶t+y gS vkSj ml bl gnhl ls nyhy ykuk
fd gqt+wj vdje lYyYykgq rvvkyk vySfg olYye us forj ds ckn cSB
dj u¶y i<+ lghg ugh fd ;g gqtwj ds e[klwlkr esa gSA ¼cgkjs 'kjvr
ft- 4] l- 17½

loky%& voke esa cgksr e'kgwj gS fd uek+ esa nkgus iSj dk vqxwBk viuh
txg ls gV tk;s rks uekt+ ugha gksaxh rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& xyr e'kgwj gS bl ls uekt+ es dksbZ [kjkch ugha vkrh ¼Qrkok
xjdkfr;k l- 112½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd ftl ik;tk;ek ek;uh u gks mls dks igu
dj uekt+ i<+us ls uekt+ ugh gkrh gS\
tokc%& ;g mu dh tgkyr gS] 'kjv+u ,slh dksbZ ckr ugha gS gka vxj
e;kuh ujgus dh otg ls vjdkus uekt+ dh vnk;xh esa fnDdr gks rks
djkgr gS cgqv rv+kYyqe vv+ywe

loky%& vDlj v+oke le>rs gS fd tks 'k[kl uekt+h ds Bhd lkeus ekSn
gks rks og ml txg ls gV ugha ldrk rk oDrsa fd uekt+h uekt+ ls Qkfjx
u gks tk, rks ml dk D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& uekt+h ds vSu lkeus ekStqn 'k[kl uekt+ dh rDehy ls igys Hkh
ogka ls gV ldrk gS bl fy, fd uekt+h ds vkxs ls xqt+juk euk gS ;g
 36
xqt+juk ugha cfYd gVkuk D;ksa fd xqt+juk dgrs gS fd ml ds vkxs dh iwjh
Qt+k ¼gok½ dkV ns c gqv rvkyk vv+yrq

loky%& 7 eqDrnh;ksa ds vkxs ls xqt+j dj lds vOoy esa 'kjhd gksus okys
ds fy, D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& beke dk lqrjk eqDenh ds fy, lqrjk gS ml dks tnhn lqrjk dh
gktr ugha] rks vxj NksVh efLtn esa Hkh eqDrnh ds vkxs ls xqt+j tk, tk,
vkxs lQ esa txg gks ogka tkdj [k<+k gks tk;s] tc fd beke ds vkxs ls u
gks gtZ ugha ¼fgnk;g vOoyhu lQ- 139] cgkjs ;kjhv+r ft- 3 l- 159½

loky%& cgksr ls yksx pkj jdvr okyh x+Sj lqUurs eqvfDdnk vkSj pkj
jdv+r okyh u¶y uekt+ksa es dvnk Åyk es flQZ vRrfg¸;kr i<+ dj
rhljh jdv+r ds fy, [kMs+s gks tkrs gS rks D;k ;g lghg rjhdk gS\
tokc%& pkj jd+vr okyh lqUurs xS+j eq vfDdnk vkSj pkj jdvr okyh
u¶y uekt+ksa ds d+vnk , Åyk esa Hkh vyfg¸;r ds ckn n:n 'kjhQ i<+s
vkSj rhljh jdv+r ij dv+nk fd;k gks ojuk igyk lqCgk u d&d&vkSj
vÅt+ dkQh gS] ¼vkSj flQZ vRrfg¸;kr ij fdQk;r djus esa Hkh gtZ ugha½
¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-4l-15] Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 3] l- 469½

loky%& vkt dy vDlj vkSjrsa cSB dj uekt+ i<+rh gS [okg og dksbZ

uekt+ gks QtZ+ ok okftc ;k ufQy rks D;k bl rjg i<+us ls uekt+ gks tkrh
gS\
tokc%& enZ gks ;k vkSjr lc ds fy, Qt+Z]forj bZnSu vkSj lqUur Qtj esa
D;ke QtZ+ gS fcyk mtz 'kjbZ ftl us Hkh ;g uekt+s csB dj i<+k ml dh
uekt+ u gqbZ og ml dh d+t+k djs vycRrk u¶y uekt+ esa bf[r;kj gS cSB
dj i<+s ;k [nMs gksdj ysfdu [kMs gksdj i<+uk v¶t+y gS fd bl esa cSB
dj i<+us okyk dk nwuk lokc gS ¼vkEe dqrqc½

t+:jh bUrsckg %& vkt dy meweu ;g ckr ns[kh tkrh gS fd tgk t+jk
cq[kkj vk;k ;k gYdh lh rDyhQ gqbZ cSB dj uekt+ 'kq: djnh gkykafd
 37
ogh yksx blh gkyr esa nlnl iUæg feuV rd cfYd T+;knk [kMs gksdj
b/kj m/kj dh ckrsa dj fy;k djrs gS] mu dks pkfg, fd bu elk;y ls eqRr
uCcsg gks vkSj ftruh uekt+s ck otq+ns dqnjr d;ke ¼[kMk+½ cSBdj i<h+ gks
mu dj v+vknk ¼ykSVkuk½ okftc gS ;w gh vxj oSls u [kMk gks ldrk Fkk
exj v+lk ;k nhokj ;k vkneh ds lgkjs [kM+k gksuk eqfEdu Fkk rks og
uekt+ks Hkh u gqbZ muc 169½

loky%& gkyrs lQj esa pkj jdvr okyh Qt+Z uekt+ ds ctk,nks jdvr
¼dlj½ i<+us ds dksbZ iwjh ;v+uh pkjksa jdvr i<+s rks ml dk D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& vxj dLnu pkj jdvr i<+k vkSj nks jdv+r ij c dn r'kggqn
dvnk dj fy;k rks QtZ+ vnk gks x;k vkSj fiNyh nks jdvrs ufQy gksxbZ
exj rk[khj lyke ds lcc xqukgxkj gqvk rkSck djs] vkSj x=vxj nks
jdv+r ij dvnk ugha fd;k rks Qt+Z vnkugqvk vkSj og uekt+ ufQy gks
xbZ] ¼fgnk;g ft- 1] l-65@66] 'kjg odk;k ftYn 1] l-196½

uksV %& vkSj vxj Hkwy dj ;k tgkyr esa pkj jdv+r esa pkj jdv+r i<+
fy;k rks uekt+ ugha gksaxh vxjps nks jdv+r ij dvnk Hkh dj fy;k gks
fQj ls i<+ ¼ogqv rvkyk vv+yeq fcLlokc½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd qtj ds uekt+ i<+ ysus ds ckn rqywv+
vk¶rkc rd ;w gh vlj dh uekt+ i<+ ysus ds ckn xq:c vk¶rkc rd dksbZ
uekt+ i<+us vkSj lTnk tkbt+ ugha ;g dSlk\
tokc%& vgukQ ds uTnhd bu oDrksa esa flQZ u¶y uekt+ i<+uk vkSj
u¶yh lTnk djuk ed:g o euk gS] ysfdu dt+ uekt+ uekt+s tukt+k vkSj
lTn, frykor fcyk'kqCg tkbt+ gS fgnk;g ftYn vOOy lQk 86 esa gS
;v+uh uekt+s Qtj o vlj ds ckn dt+k uekt+] lTn;s frykor vkSj
uekt+ tult+k i<+us es dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA

bUrsckg %& ;g [;ky jg fd vlj ds ckn tc rd vk¶rkc esa tnhZ u vk

tk, ;v+uh xq:c ls chl feuV igys rd dt+k i<+ ldrs gS vkSj vk¶rkc
 38
esa t+nhZ vktkus ds ckn xq:c rd dt+k dh Hkh btkt+r ugh ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k
ft- 2] l- 215] uqt+grqydkjh 'kgh cq[kkjh ft- 3] l- 542½

bUrsckg%& lTn, frykor dk eLuwu rjhdk ;g gS fd [kM+k gks dj vYykgq

vDcj dgrk gqvk lTnk esa tk;s vkSj de ls de rhu ckj lqCgk&u&
jfCc;y vv+yk dgs fQj vYykgqvdcj dgrk gqvk [kM+k gks tk;s ¼cgkjs
'kjhvr ft- 4] l-67½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd ftlus bZn okys fnu Qtj dh uekt+ i<+h
gks rks mldh bZn dh uekt+ lghg ugh gksxh ;w gh tqek dks vxj tqek ds fnu
Qtj vnk u dh gks rks D;k ;g lgh gS\
tokc%& bZn dh uekt+ rks erydu gks tk;sxh tSju fd Qrkok vkyexhjh
es gS] vkSj jgk tqek rks ;g Hkh gks tk;sxk vxj lkgcs rjrhc ugks] vkSj
vxj lkgcsrjrhc gS ¼;vuh iat oDrk uekt+ i<+ jgk gS½ rks tc rd
lqcg dh uekt+ i i<+ ys tqek u gksxk ¼vyeYQwt+ ft- 2] l-116] bjQkus
'kjhv+r ft- 1] l-12½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx dgts gS fd rgcan ;k iktkek ds uhps yxwaV ca/kk gks
rks bl gkyr esa uekt+ i<+us ls uekt+ nq:Lr ugh gksrh gS rks dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g fcYxqy xyr gS bl rjg uekt+ cxSj fdlh djkgr ds nq:Lr
gS c'kjrs fd yqxwV ikd gks] vkSj ml ds lcc :dwv+ vkSj lTnk lghg rkSj
ij vnk djus esa dksbZ :dkoV ugk ¼Qrkok QSt+qjZlwy ft- 1] l-252½

uksV%& vkt dy yksxksa es ,g vLvk ;g Hkh jkbZt+ gS fd dvxj yqaxh ds

uhps pMMh ;k tkafx;k ugh iguk rks uekt+ ugh gksxh] ;g Hkh xyr gS]
uekt+ gks tk;sxh-

loky%& cv+t+ yksx bl rjg lTnk djrs gS fd nksuksa ikao ¼iSj½ t+ehu ls
mBs jgrs gS ;k QDr mafXy;ksa ds fljs t+ehu ls yxs jgrs gS vkSj fdlh dk
isV t+ehu ls ugh yxrk rks bl rjg uekt+ i<+uk dSlk gS\
 39
tokc%& lTnk esa Qt+Z gS fd de vt+ de iko ¼iSj½ dh ,d maxyh dks isV
t+ehu ij yxk gks ] ftgkt+k bl rjg lTnk djuk fd nkuks iSj t+ehu ls
mBs jgs ;k flQZ maxyh dh uksd tehu ls yxh jgh nkuks lwjrksa esa uekt+ ugh
gwbZ ;w gh lTnk djus esa vxj ukd gMMh rd nch rks ,slh uekt+ dk nwckjk
i<+uk okftc gSA¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;'k ftYn-1] l-556] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-3] l-71½

loky%& vkt dy vkSjrs rkack ihVy vkSJ yksgs ds t+sojkr ugUus yxh gS
rks bu dks igu dj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk gS\
tokc%& rkack] ihVy vkSj yksgs ds tsojkr enZ vkSj nksuksa dks gjke gS vkSj
mUgs igu dj i<+us ls nksuks dh uekt+ ef:g rgjheh okftccqy,v+knk
¼fQj ls i<+uk½ gksaxh ¼Qrkok cjdkfr;k lQk 114½

uksV %& pkanh dh ,d vaxwBh ,d uxokyh lk<s pkj ek'kk ls de ot+u dh

enZ dkds iguuk tkbt+ gS vkSj nks vaxwBh;ka ;k dbZ ukx dh ,d vaxwBh ;k
lk<s pkj ek'kk [okg tkbZn pkanh dh vkSj lksus dkls] ihVy] yksgs] rkacs dh
erydu uktkbZt+ gS ¼vgdkes 'kjhv+r ft-2] l-30] vYeYQwt+ 2] l-112½

loky%& cgksr ls yksx bl rjg uekt+ i<+rs gSa fd vHkh ,d :Du

eqdEey ugh fd;k fd nwljk 'k: dj fn;k] elyu vHkh :dwv+ ls
eqdEey [kM+s u gq, Fks fd ltnk ds fy, >qd x, ;w gh lTn, Åyk ls vHkh
cbreheku cSBs u Fks fd lTn lkfu;k ¼nwljs lTnk½ ds fy, eqM x, rks ,lh
uekt+ dk D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& uekt+ es rv+nhy vjdku okftc gS ¼;v+uh :dwv+] ltwn] dkSek]
tYlk½ es de vt+ de ,d ckj lqCgkuYykg dgus dh fednkj Bgjuk½
vxj dlnu ¼tku cq>dj½ gks rks xqukg vkSj uekt+ dks nksgjkuk okftc gS]
vkSj vxj lguu ¼Hkwydj½ rks lTnk lgo okftc gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r½
fygkt+k tks yksx et+dwjk rjhds ij viuh uekt+s vnk djrs gSa og vxj
dLnu ,slk djrs gS rks xqUgxkj gS vkSj uekt+ Hkh nkwckjk lghg lghg i<+uk
okftc vkSj vxj Hkwy dj x¶yr esa dHkh ,slk gls x;k vkSj ml dh vknr
ugha gS rks og lTnk lgc djsa vkSj vkbZUnk ,gfr;kr j[ksa 
 40
v’kn t+:jh rEchg %& tks 'k[l :dqv] ltwn es rvnhy u djsa] og lkB
cjl rd blh rjg uekt+ i<s+ ml dh uekt+s dcwy u gksaxh gnhl esa gD fd
vUns'kk djrs gS fd vxj rw blh gky ij ejk rks nhuu eqgEen lYyYykgq
rvkyk vySfg olYye ij u ejsxk ¼vyeyQwt+ ft-1] l-12½ fygkt+k
rv+nhy dk [kkl [;ky j[ksaA

gnhl dk ,d okfd;k %& ,d 'k[l efLtns ¼ucoh½ esa gkft+j gq, vkSj
gqt+wj l¸;sn vkye lYyYykg rvkyk vySfg o lYye efLtn dh ,d
tkfuc esa r'kjhQ Qjek Fks mUgksa us uekt+ i<h fQj fpkners vDn+l es
gkft+j gks dj lyke fd;k Qjek;k o vySd Llyke tkvks uekt+ i<ksa fd
rqEgkjh uekt+ u gqbZ] og x, vkSj uekt+ i<h fQj gkft+j gks dj lyke
vtZ fd;k Qjek;k o vySdLlyke tkvks uekt+ i<ks+ fd rqEgkjh uekt+ u
gqbZ] rhljh ckj ;k ml ds ckn vt+Z dh ;k jlwyYykg! lYyYykg rkvkyk
vySg olYye eq>s rv+yhe QjekbZ, bj'kkn Qjek;k tc uekt+ ds fy,
[kMs gksuk pkgks rks dkfey ot+w djksa fQj fdCyk dh rjQ eqaf djds vYykgq
vDcj dgks fQjdqjvku i<ksa ftruk e;Llj vk, fQj :dwv+ djks ;gka
rd fd :dwv+ es rqEgsa bRehuku gks tk;s fQj mBks ;gka rd fd lj/ks [kMs gks
tkvks fQj lTnk djks ;gka rd fd lTnk es bRehuku gks tk;s fQj mBks ;gka
rd fd cSBus esa brehuku gks tk;s fQj mBks ;gka rd fd lh/ks [kMs gks tkvks
fQj lTnk brehuku gks fQj lTnk djks ;gka rd fd lTnk esa bReuku
gkstk; fQj mBks vkSj lh/ks [kMs gks tk, fQj blh rjg iwjh uekt+ esa djs
¼cw[kkjh efLye½

loky%& vxj dksbZ 'k[l fljhZ uekt+ks esa fdjkr bl d+nj vkfgLrk djs fd
[kqn Hkh g:Q dks u lqu lds rks D;k uekt+ gks tk;sxh\
tokc%& vkfgLrk i<+us esa Hkh bruk t+:j gS fd [kqn lqus] vxj g:Q dh
rlghg rks dh exj bl d+nj vkfgLrk fd [kqn u lquk vkSj dksbZ ekusv+
elyu 'kksj o xqy ;k ldy lekvr ¼cgjkiu½ Hkh rks uekt+ u gqbZ ¼cgkjs
'kjhv+r ft-3] l- 70½
 41
loky%& voke esa ;g cgksr e'kgwj gS fd mtjr ys dj xk;s vkSj cdjh
oxS+jg ft+cg djus dh beker nq:Lr ugha gS\
tokc%& ;g eLvyk yksxksa esa x+yr e'kgwj gS bl otg ls beker esa dksbZ
gtZ ugh ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 3] l- 210½

loky%& vdlj v+oke dks ns[kk tkrk gS vxj ejnksa dh lQ esa dksbZ
ukckfyx yM+dk [kM+k gks x;k rks mls vSu gkyr uekt+ esa ihNs dh lQ es
/kdsy nsrs gS ;k dukjs dj nsrs gSa vkSj ml dh txg es [kqn [kMs gks tkrs gSa
;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& vkyk gt+jr beke vgen jt+k eqgfíl cjSyoh jfn;Yykgq vUgq
rgjhj Qjrkrs gS fd ** cv+t+ cs bYetks ;gtq+Ye djrs gS fd yM+dk igys
ls nkf[kys uekt+ gS vc ;g vk, rks mls fu¸;r ca/kk gqvk gVkdj fdukjs
dj nsrs gS vkSj [kqn chp es [kMs gks tkrs gS ;g eg+t+ tgkyr gS] blh rjg
;g [;ky fd yM+dk cjkcj [kMk+ gks rks enZ dh uekt+ u gkasxh] xyr o
[krk gS ftl dh dqN vly ugha ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 3] l-318½

Qk;nk %& blh rjg le> yM+dk vkB ukS cjl tks uekt+ [kwc tkurk gks
vxj rUgk gks rks mls lQ ls nwj ;v+uh chp es QkLyk NksM+ dj [kM+ djuk
gS A ¼,St+u½

loky%& cv+t+ uekt+ ds ckn tk uekt+ dk flQZ dksuk eksM nsrs gS vkSj ;g
dgrs gS fd ,alk u djus ml ij 'kSrku uekt+ i<saxk rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g lc cs vly gS ¼tkuekt+ yisV fn;k tk;s ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k
ft- 3] l-75½

loky%& voke esa cgksr ls yksx forj uekt+ ds ckn lTnk esa lj j[k dj
lqCcwgwu dqíwlu jCcquk o jCcqy eykbZdfr o:Zag i<+rs gS vkSj vey ds
eq&r vfYyd ;g xqeku j[krs gSa fd gfnl 'kjhQ esa mldh cgksr Qt+hyr
vkbZ gS cqt:xkus nhu ;g vey ges'kk djrs vk;s gS rks \
tokc%& ;g Qsv+y Qqdgk ¼eqf¶r;ksa½ ds uT+nhd ed:g gS vkSj ml dh
 42
Qt+hyr es tks gnhl ft+Ø dh tkrh gS eqgfílhu ds uT+nhd ed:g gS vkSj
ml dh qt+hyr es tks gnhl ft+Ø dh tkrh gS eqgfílhu ds uT+nhd ckfry o
eEuwv+ gS ¼Qrkok vÝhdk lQk 34½

loky%& vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd u¶y uekt+ cSB dj i<+us okys yksx
lqjhu ¼iqVBk½ mBkdj :dwv djrs gS vkSj lj dks bruk >qdkrs gS ?kqVus ls
nkspkj vaxqy dk QdZ jgtkrk gS rks ;g rjhdk dSlk gS\
tokc%& uQy uekt+ tc cSB dj i<s+ rks :dwv+ dk lghg rjhdk ;g gS gS
fd lqjhu ¼iqVBs½ mBk, cxSj is'kkuh bruh >qdk, fd ?kqVuksa ds eqdkfcy
vktk, u ml ls de >qdk, vkSj u gh bruk >qdkus ds fy, lqjhu mBk,
fd nksuks dke xyr gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 3] l- 51@69] Qrkok
vEyfn;k ft- 1] l- 79½

tqevk+ dk c;ku
loky%& cvkt dy vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd yksx [kRck ds oDr lqUurs
i<+rs jgrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& gekjs ;gka lghg o jkfgt o eq¶rh c ;g gS fd tc beke pkqRck
ds fy, vius gqtjs ls fudys ;k viuh txg ls mBs mo oDr ls ys dk
[kqRck [kRe gksus rd uekt+] ft+dj] vkSj gj fdLe dk dyke eEuev+ gS]
cfYd gj og Qsvy ¼dke½ euk gS tks [kqRck ds lqUus esa [kyy vUnkt+ gks
tSls ia[kk >yuk] dqN fy[kuk] dqN i<_uk] vy cRrk lkgcs rjrhc
viuh dt+k uekt+ i<+ys ;w gh tks 'k[kl lqUur ;k u¶y i<+ jgk gS tYnh
iwjh djys-¼nqjZs eq[krkj ev+ 'kkeh ft-2] l-158] uqT+grqYdkjh ft-3] l-
363½

loky%& vkt dy v+ke fjokt gS fd [kqRck ds oDr lHkh yksx fdCyk

viuh viuh txg cSBs jgrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& Qrkok vkyexhjh ftYn vOoy lQk 147 esa gS fd enZ vxj
beke ds lkeus gks rks eqLrgc ;g gS fd beke ¼[krhc½ dh rjQ eqag djs
vkSj ngus ck;s gks rks beke dh rjQ eqM tk;sA
 43
uksV %& [kqRck lqUus dh gkyr esa nks tkuq cSBs tSls uekt+ es cSBrs gD ¼cgkjs
'kjhv+r½

loky%& lkfebZu ¼lqUus okyksa½ dks [kqRck dh vt+ku dk tokc nsuk dSlk gS\
tokc%& vt+ku lkuh ¼nwljh vt+ku½ dk tokc beke ns eqDrfn;ksa dks
gekjs beke ds uT+nhd tkbt+ ugh ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 3 l- 740]
uqT+grqydkjh ft- 3] l-357½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx [kqRck 'kq:v+ djus ls igys fcfLeYykfgjZgefujZghe

cqyUn vkokt+ ls i<+rs gS ;g dSlk\
tokc%& [kqRck 'kq: djus ls igys fcLeekfgjZekfughZe½ I i<+s u cqyUn
vkokt+ ls u vkfgLrk cfYd flQZ vÅt+q vkfgLrk i<+ dj gEnsbykgh ls
'kq: djs ¼nqjZs eq[rkj ft- 2] l-149 rcv+ ikfdLrku] Qrkok jfT+o¸;k
ft- 3] l- 684½

loky%& vdlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd tqek ds fnu [kwRck ds oDr pUnk fd;k
tkrk gS ;v+uh dksbZ 'l[l fMCck ;k :eky ys dj lQksa ds chp ?kwerk
fQjrk gS vkSj efLtn ds yksxksa ls iSlk olwy djrk gS rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& [kqRck ds oDr pUnk ekaxuk [okg dksbZ ckr djuk gekj gS ¼Qrkok
QStqjZlwy ft- 1] l- 418½

loky%& voke esa ;g fjokt gS fd tqek ds fnu ;k nwljs fnuksa esa Hkh ftl
oDr efLtn esa uekt+ i<+us vkrs gS rks igys lQ esa csB tlrs gS cv+n dks
fu¸;r cka/krs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& vkdj cSB tkuk fQj [kM+k gksuk vxj fdlh otg ls ugks rks
egt+ yXo vkSj cs cqu;kn gS fejd+kr 'kjg fe'kdkr ftYn vOoy lQk
454 es gS ;g tks cv+t+ voke djrs gD fd igys ¼vkdj½ cSBrs gS fQj
uekt+ ds fy, [kMs gksrs gS ckfry gS ml dh dqN vly ugha

Qk;nk %& vkrsgh vxj oDr ed:g ugks rks cSBus ls igys nks jdv+r
 44
rfgR;rqy efLtn i<+rs vkSj vxj ,sls oDr es vk;k ftles u¶y uekt+
ed:g gS elyu cv+n rqywv Qtj ;k ckn uekt+s vlj rks rfg¸;rqy
efLtn u i<s cfYd rLchg o rgygy vkSj n:n ;kjhQ es e'kxwy gks
gDds efLtn vnk gks tk,xk-
¼Qrkok vEtfn;k ft-1] l-199] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-4] l-20@21½

loky%& voke es ;g ev+ewy gS fd fd [krhc vkf[kj esa [kqRck es tc bu

y¶tksa ij igksaprk gS o y ft+D:Yykfg rv+kyk vv+yk rks mlds lqurs gh
yksx uekt+ ds fy, [kMs gks tkrs gS rks mu dk ;g Qsv+y ¼dke½ dSlk gS
uht+ ¼Hkh½ [kqRck [kM+s gks dj lqUuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& [kqRck fcyk t+:jr [kMs gksd lquuk f[kykQs lqUur gS] vkSj v+oke
dk et+dwjk ¼ftØ fd;k gqvk½ Qsv+y ¼dke½ gjke gS fd vHkh [kqRck [kre
ugha gqvk pUn vYQkt+ ckdh gS vkSj [kqRck dh gkyr esa dksbZ Hkh vey
gjke gSA ¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ft- 3] l- 743½

loky%& cv+t+ txg fjokt gS fd [krhc nwljs [kqRck es tc lYrw vySfg

olfYyew rLyhek i<+rs gS rks lkfebZu ¼lqUus okys½ cqyUn vkokt+ ls n:n
'kjhQ i<+rs gS rks ml dk D;k gqDr gS\
tokc%& [kqrck ds oDr tc gqtwj vdnl lYyYkgq rv+kyk vySfg o
lYye dk bLes ikd ;k vk;rs n:n [krhc i<+ ldrk fgnk;g ftYn
vOoy 121 es gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 4] l-103½

efLtn+ dk c;ku
loky%& cv+t yksxksa dk [;ky gS df ftl eLftn ds djhc dksbZ maph
bekjr gks rks bl efLtn es uekt+ tkbZt+ ugha rks D;k ;g lghg gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ tkfgykuk vkSj ckfry [k;ky gS 'kjv+ es ml dh dksbZ
vly ugh dvc, eqvT+t+ek ds fxnZ eDdk eqdjZek esa cgksr cqyUn dbZ dbZ
efUt+y ds edkukr gS tks ct+fgj dv+c, eqv+T+tek ls cgksr Åaps ev+ywe
gksrs gS gkyafd u dksbZ edku dv+c, eqv+T+t+ek ls Åapk gks ldrk gS u
fdlh efLtn ls D;ksa dv+c o efLtn bu t+kfgjh nhokjksa dk uke ugh cfYd
 45
bruh txg ds eg+kt+h ¼ed+kfcy½ lkrksa vkLeku rd lc efLtn gS ls mapk
D;k ml ds djksjos fgLls ds cjkcj dksbZ edku ugh gks ldrk vxjps lkS
efUt+yk gks ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 3] l- 588] vUok:y gnhl l- 206½

loky%& cv+t+ txg nLrqj gS fd yksx ykyVsu ;k xSl esa feêh dk rsy Mky
dj efLtn es tykrs gS og dSlk gS\
tokc%& efLtn esa feêh dk rsy tykuk gjke gS exj tc fd ml dh cw
¼ykSaMj oxSjkk fd nok ds t+fj;k fcYdqy djnh tk;s ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-
7] l- 444½

bUrsckg%& blh rjg efLtn es dPpk yglu vkSj fi;kt+ [kkuk ;k [kkdj
tkuk tkbZt+ ugha tc rd eqag es cw ckdh gkd D;ksa fd Qfj'krksa dks mlls
rDyhQ gksrh gS] gqtwj vDnl lYyYykgq rv+kyk vySfg olYye bj'kkn
Qjekrs gSa fd ^^tks ml cncwnkj nj[kr ls [kk, og gekjh efLtn ds djhc
i vk;s** fd Qfj'krksa dks bu pht+ksa ls rDyhQ gksrh gS ft; ls vkneh dks
gksrh gSA vkSj ;gh gqDe gj pht+ dk gS ftles cncw gks tSls xUnuk] ewyh
dPpk xks'r] feêh dk rsy] og fn;k fpjkx lykbZ ¼ekfpl ½ftl ds jxMus
esa cw mNrh gks] fj;kg [kfjt djuk ¼gok [kksyuk½ oxSjg] ftl dks xUnk
nguh dh cgekjh gks ;k dksbZ cncwnkj t+[ke gks ;k dksbZ nok cncw nkj
yxkbZ gks] rks tc rd cw [kre u gks ml dks efLtn es vkus dh eqekfuvr
gS ;wa gh dlkc vkSj eNyh cspus okys vkSj dks<h vkSj lQsn nkx okys vkSj
ml 'k[kl dks tks yksxksa dks t+cku ls rDyhQ nsrk nsrk gks efLtn ls jksdk
tk;s ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 3 l- 598] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 3] l- 134½

loky%& vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd jEt+kuqy eqckjd esa yksx v¶rkjb ls

Qkjx+ gksus ds cv+n chM+h flxzsV ;k gqDdk oxSjkg Lrseky djrs gS] vkSj eqag
esa cw gksus dh gkyr esa efLtn es tk ?kqLrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& eqag esa cw gksus dh gkyr esa uekt+ ed:g gS]vkSj ,slh gkyr esa
efLtn esa tkuk gjke gS tcrd eqag lkQ u djys ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-3]l- 148½
 46
loky%& vkt dy vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd yksx efLtnksa es vkdj
nqfu;kch xq¶rxw galh] et+kd QjkM] vkSj fdlh ij cgl o rCljk oxSjk
rjg rjg dh ckrs djrs jgrs gS cfYd cv+t+ [kqnk uk rlZ xkfy;ka rd cd
nsrs gS rks ;g 'kjv+u dSlk gS\
tokc%& g+nhd cfn;k 'kjg rjhd+, eqgEefn;k es gS fd nqfu;k dh ckr tc
fdQh uf¶lgh eckg vkSj lPph gks efLtn esa fcyk t+:jr djuh gjke gS]
vkSj vxj ckrs [kwn cqjh gks rks og l[r gjke nj gjke eksftcs v+t+kxs
'knhn gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 6] l- 403] ft- 3 ] l-603½

bUrsckg %& eksv+rfdQ ds fy, Hkh efLtn esa [kkus ihus ds tkbZt+ gksus ds
fy, nks 'krZs gS vOoy rks ogh tks et+dwj gqbZ ;vuh bl rjg uk [kk;s fi;s
fd efLtn vkywnk gks fd ;g er+ydu lc ds fy, gjke gS] nkse ;g fd
bruk T+;knk [kkuk efLtn esa u yk;sa fd ft; ls uekt+ dh txg f?kjs] fd
og Hkh euk gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-3] l-593] vgdkes 'kjhv+r l-7½

loky%& vkt dy vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd otw ds ckn eqag vkSj gkFk ls
ikuh iksNdj efLtn esa >kM nsrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g uktkbZt+ gSA ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-1] l-240] cgkjs 'kjhv+r
ft-3] l-183½

loky%& fgUnqLrku ds cv+t+ 'kgjksa es ;g tks fjokt fd uekt+s tukt+k

efLtn gh es i<rs gS dSlk gS\
tokc%& gekjs vbEek, lyklk jfn;Yykg rvkyk v+Ugqe ds uT+nhd
efLtn es tukt+k er+ydu ed:g gS vxj ps e¸;r efLtn ds ckgn ;gh
vjtg oklsg o eq[rkj o ek[kwt+ gS ¼fgnk;g ft- 1] l-181 'kjg of+k;k
ft- 1] l-208½

,d gfnl %& gnhl 'kjhQ esa gD tks 'k[l efLtn esa uekt+s tukt+k i<+s
mlds fy, dksbZ vtz ugha ;k ml dh uekt+ugh ¼vcwnkÅn ft- 2] l- 98]
bCus ekt+k l- 109½
 47
loky%& bZn xkg esa uekt+s tukt+k i<+uk dSlk gS\
tokc%& bZnxkg ¼[okg 'kgj dh gks ;k nhgkr dh½ esa tukt+k dh uekt+
i<+uk tkbZt+ gS ¼Qrkok cjdkfr;k l- 122@315½

loky%& voke esa e;kgwj gS fd efLtn esa ,ekek csB dj cka.kuk pkfg,
;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ,eke [kMs gks dj cka.kuk lqUur gS efLtn esa cka/ks ;k dgh vkSj
¼fejkrqy euktfg ft- 6] l-106½

bUrsckg %& gt+jr ln:''kjhvg vySfgjZer rgjhj Qjekrs gS fd v+ekek

[kMs gksdj cka/ks vkSj iktkek cSBdj igus ftlus ml dk myvk fd;k og
,sls etZ+ es eqCryk gksxk ftldh nok ugh ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-16] l-558½

loky%& vkt+ dy vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd efLtn esa [kkuk] ihuk] lksuk]
gksrk gS yksx jgrs gS jkr gks ;k fnu rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& lghg o eksv+ren ;g gS gS fd efLtn esa [kkuk ihuk lksuk flok,
eksvrfdQ ¼,frdkQ djusokyk½ ds fdlh dks tkbZt+ ugha] eqlkfQj ;k
gt+kjh ¼eqdhe½ vxj pkgrk gS rks ,frdkQ dh fu¸;r fd;k nq'kokj gS vkSj
ml ds fy, u jkst+k 'krZ gS u dksbZ eqír edjZj gS ,frdkQs u¶y lkv+r
¼?kM+h½ dk gks ldrk gS ¼nqjZs eq[rkjk ft-1] l-166] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 3]
l-184½

loky%& efLtn esa dkjs [kSj ¼usd dke ;k fd lh gktr eUn ds fy, pUnk
djuk dSlk gS\
tokc%& tkbZt+ gS] tc ml dh otg ls 'kksj o piydy'k ;k uekft+;ks dh
uekt+ esa [kyy u vk;s] [kqn vkgnhls lghgk ls ml dk tokt+ lkfcr gS
exj vius fy, efLtn esa ekaxus dh btkt+r ugh vkSJ u ,sls lk;y
¼ekaxus okys½ dks nsuk tkbt+A ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-3]l-184]ft-5]l-77½

loky%& cv+t+ tgx nLrwj gS fd efLtn dh pVkbZ] njh vkSj ykSVk oxSjkg
 48
yksx bZnxkg esa Lrseky ds fy, ys tkrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& efLtn dh pVkbZ vkSj Q'kZ ¼njh] ykSVk½ oxSjkg bZnxkg esa Lrsekyy
djuk uktkbZt+ o xqukg gS

uksV %& ysfdu vxj oDQ djus okyk ¼;v+uh efLtn esa pVkbZ njh ykSVk
nsus okyk½ ;g dg fn;k gks fd mls bZn xkg es Hkh Lrseky dj ldrs gSa rks
tkbt+ jgsxkA¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 6] l-455 o ft- 3] l- 88½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx efLtn esa txg ?ksjus d fy, igys ls :eky jp[k
nsrs gSa ;k eqlYyk ¼tkuekt+½ fcNk nsrs gS rks mls gVk dj cSBuk dSlk gS\
tokc%& vxj efLtn esa txg gks rks nwljs dk :eky ;k tk uekt+ gVkdj
cSBuk u pkfg, vkSj txg u gks rks cSB ldrk gSA ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 10]
l-88 cgoyk Qrkok dkt+h[kku½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx diMs dks xnZ o xqckj ls cpkus ds fy, efLtn dh
pVkbZ :eky ls >kM+ dj efLtn ds Q'kZ ij fxjk nsrs gS ;g dSlk\
tokc%& x+yr gS] vkyexhjh esa gS fd pVkbZ ds xnZ o xqckj dks >kM+ dj
efLtn ds Q'kZ ij djuk euk gS ;g fcYdqy ,Slk gS tSls dksbZ vius igus
gq, diMs ls xUnxh iksaN dj vius cnu esa eyys mls dkSu ilUn djsxk\
vly efLtn Q'kZ gS vkSj pVk oxSjk ml dk fyckl ¼eqd+nek uqT+grqydkfj
ft-1] l-61 ½

tukt+k vkSj dQu o nQu dk c;ku

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd tks 'k[l [kqn d'khdj ys ml ds tukt+
ugh gS ;g dslj gS \
tokc%& Qrkok bl ij gS fd ml ds tukt+k dh uekt+ i<+h tkxh vxj ps
dLnu [kqn dq'kh dh gks ¼nqjZs eq[rkj esa gS½ Qrkok vkyefxjh e[kfu;k ft-
1] l-163

loky%& v+uke es e'kgwj gS fd t+oky ds oDr uekt+ ugh i<+uk pkfg,

 49
;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& vkykgt+jr beke vgen jt+k eqgfíl cSjyoh jfn;Yykgq rvkyk
vUgq rgjhj Qjekrs gS fd t+oky rks lwjt <yus dks dgrs gS ;g og oDr
gS fd eqekfu;v+r dk oDr fudy x;k vkSj tokt+ dk vkx;k rks oDrs
eqefuv+r dk t+oky dguk ljhg eqlkesgr gS ;g x+yr e'kgwj gS] t+oky ds
oDr dksbZ uekt+ euk ugh ¼uqT+grqy dkjh ft- 3] l-71½

bUrsckg %& tukt+s vxj vkSdkr eeuwvg ¼rqywv] xq:c vkSj fuLQqUugkj½
es yk;k xk;k rks uekt+ mlh oDr i<+s dksbZ djkgr ugh] djkgr bl lwjr
esa gS fd tukt+k ogys ls r¸;kj ekStqn gS vkSj rk[khj dh ;gka rd fd oDr
djkgr vkc;k ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 3] l- 21½

loky%& v+oke esa e'kgwj gS fd vlj vkSj Qtj dh uekt+ ds ckn uekt+s
i<+uk tkbt+ ugh ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& x+yr gS bu oDrksa esa uekt+s tukt+k i<+us esa dksbZ gjt ugh
¼fgnk;g ftYn vOoy lQk 86½

loky%& ;g tks voke esa e'kgwj gS fd 'kkSgj vkSjr ds tukt+k dks u dU/kk
ns ldrkgS u d+cz es mrkj ldrk gS u eqg ns[k ldrk gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ x+yr gS flQZ ugykus vkSj ml ds cnu dks gk;y gkFk
yxkus dh eqekfuv+r gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 4] l- 96] cgkjs 'kjhv+r
ft- 4] l-135½

Qk;nk %& vkSjr dks tc rd dh bír es jgs] 'kkSgj eqnkZ dk cnu gksuk
cfYd mls xqLy nsuk Hkh fcyk fdlh 'kjr ds tkbZt+ gS ;g eLvyk nqjZs
eq[krkj oxSjk es gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-4]l-96]vYeYQwt+ ft-2]l-95½

loky%& cv+t+ txg nLrwj gS fd meqeu e¸;r ds xqLy ds fy, dksjs ?kM+s
vkSj c/kus yk, tkrs gS rks D;k ;g t+:jh gS \
tokc%& ml dh dqN t+:jr ugha ?kj ds bLrsekyh ?kM+s yksVs ls Hkh xqLy ns
 50
ldrs gSA

bUrsckg %& cv+t+ yksx ;g tgkyr djrs gSa fd xqLys e¸;r ds ckn mls
rksM+ Mkyrs gS ;g uktkbt+ o gjke gS fd eky t+k; djuk gS vkSj vxj ;g
[;ky gks fd uft+l ¼xUnk½ gks x;s rks ;g Hkh Qqt+wy ckr gS] vkSj vDlj
txg og ?ksM+ c/kus efLtnksa es j[k nsrs gS vxj fu¸;r ;g gS fd uekt+;ksa
dks vkjke igksapsxk vkSj eqnZs dks lokc] rks ;g vPNh fu¸;r gS vkSj j[kuk
csgj] vkSj ;g [;ky gks fd?kj esa j[kuk ugwlr gS rks usjh g+ek+dr gS vkSj
cv+t+ yksx ?kMs+ dk ikuh Qsad nsrs gS ;g Hkh gjke gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-
4]l-176] cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-4] l-138½

loky%& cv+t+ bykdksa esa tukt+k dks dczLrku ys tkrs oD+r fcyk t+:jr
nj fe;ku esa t+ehu ij j[k nsrs gS vkSj mls efUt+y nsuk dgrs gS rks ml dk
D;k gqDe gS |
tokc%& tukt+k dks dczLrku ys tkrs oDr efUt+y nsuk cs vly vkSj
eEuev+ gS fd tukt+k esa er+yd+u tYnh djus dk gqDe gS rks fcyk otg
'kjbZ bl rjg dh rk[khj ¼nsj½ uktkbZt+ gksaxh ¼Qrkok vkyexhjh ft-
vOoy 162 esa gS½

loky%& cv+t+ txg nLrwj gS fd d¶ukus ds oDr e¸;r ds nksuksa gkFk

ukQ ds uhps bl rjg j[krs gS tSls fd uekt+ ds D;keesa rks dSlk \
tokc%& x+yr eLvyk gS fd e¸;r ds nksuksa gkFk djoVksa esa j[ks tk;s lhus
ij uktkbt+ gS ¼uwjqy bt+kg lQk 105½

loky%& cvt+ txg nKrwj gS fd e¸;r dh ct+kj ¼yqaxh½ ukQ ls fifUMyh

rdnsrs gS rks ;g dSlk\
tokc%& e¸;r dks yqaxh pksVh ls dnr rd gksuh pkfg, ;v+uh fyQkQk ls
bruh NksVh tks cfUn'k ds fy, T+;knk Fkh ] bl rjg dehl ftl dks dQuh
dgrs gS xnZu ls ?kqVuksa ds uhps rd gks vkSj ;g vkxs ihNs de j[krs gS ;g
mu dh xYrh gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-4]l-139½
 51
loky%& cv+t+ yksxksa dk rjhdk gS fd vxj ejk cPpk iSnk gksrk gS rks ml
dks gkaMh esa j[kdj dczLrku ls bykfgnk nQu djrs gS vkSJ dgrs gS fd ;g
iDdk elku gS vkSj ml ls rks ml dk D;k gqDe gS \
tokc%& ;g 'kSrkuh [;ky gS mls eqlyekuksa ds dczLrku gh esa nQu djsa
¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 4] l-15½

loky%& vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd e¸;r dks dcz esa mrkjus okys yksx e¸;r
dks fpr fyVk nsrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& lgh vkSj v¶t+y rjhdk gS fd e¸;r dks dcz esa nkghuh djoV
ij fyVk;k tk; vxj ps ,lk djus esa ihB dh rjQ feVVh cxSjk dh Vsd
yxkuh iMs gnhl o fQd+k ¼elk;y½ esa ,slk ft+Ø gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-
4] l-115½ ¼vuok:ygnhl l- 237½

loky%& vDlj txg fjokt gS fd dcz [kksnrs oDr ftl dæ feêh dcz ls
fudkyrh gS cvn nQu e¸;r bu lc dks dcz ij Mkyuk yksx t+:jh
le>rs gS ftl ds urhts esa dcz cgqr maph gks tkrh gS rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& dcz ls fuDyh gqbZ lkjh feêh dks dcz ij Mkyuk t+:jh ugha] vyk
gt+jr eqgfíls cjSyoh dqfn lk fljZgw rgjhj QQjekrs gS fd flQZ bruh
feêh Mkys fd dcz ckfyjr Hkj maph gks tk, ¼Qrk jfT+o¸;k ft- 4] l-
14@181] vyeyQwt+ ft- 3] l-1½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx 'kcs tqek esa bUrsdkj djus okyh e¸;r dks rk uekt+s
tqek j[ks jgrs gS vkSj ml ds otwgkr crkrs gS dksbZ dgrk gS bl fy, fd
uekt+ utkt+k esa yksxksa dh dljr ¼T+;knrh½ gks tk,] dksbZ dgrk gS fd
e¸;r Hkh tqek dh uekt+ es 'kjhd gks tk;s vkSj dksbZ dgrk gS fd uekt+ ds
ckn nQu djsaxs] rks e¸;r dks ges'kk tqek feYrk jgsaxk] rks ;g lc dSlh gS\
tokc%& ;g lc cs vly cs vly o [khykQs eDln 'kjv+ gS] vxj jkst+s
tqek dks tqek ls igys tukt+kk r¸;kj gks x;k rks tekvr es yksx T+;knk gks
tk;s bl dk bUrst+kj u djsa] igys gh nQu djnsa bl eLvys dk cgksr
ysgkt+ j[kuk pkfg, ¼gokyk Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 4] l-50] vYeYQwt+ ft-3]l-18½
 52
loky%& tks dczLrku vke eqlyekuksa dh e¸;r ksa ds fy, oDQ gS ml esa
fdlh [kkl vkneh ;k cqt+wxZ dh iDdh dcj cukuk dSlk gS\
tokc%& uktkbZt+ gS D;ksfd oD+Qh dczLrku esa vkEerqy eqfLyehu dk
cjkcj gd gS] vkSj tc ml esa iks[rk dcz cuknh tk;sxh rks bruh txg
ges'kk ds fy, lkgcs dcz ds fy, e[lwl gks tk;sxh fQj ml es fdlh dks
bf[r;kj u jgsxk] vkSj ;g eU'kk oDQ ds f[kykQ gS-

loky%& ckt+ txg jsokt gS fd e¸;r ds ?kj fru fnu rd [kkuk ugh
idrk 'kjv+r dSlk gS\
tokc%& lqUur ;g gS fd flQZ igys fnu vkSj Qdr ?kj okyksa ds fy,
[kkuk Hkstk tk,\ cfYd mUgs vljkj f[kk;k tk;s u nwljs fnu Hksts vkSj u
?kj ls T+;knk vknfe;ksa ds fy, Hksts ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 4] l-10] Qrkok
vEtfn;k ft-1] l-332½

loky%& cv+t+ txg tkfgy yksx fdlh et+kj dh bZaV mBkykrs gS] fQj mls
nQu dj ds dcz dh 'kdy ns nsrs gS] fQj ml ds lkFk vLyh et+kj ds tSlk
cjrko djrs gS rks ml dk D;k gqDe gS\
tokc%& ;g uktkbZt+ o gjke gS] eqlyekuksa dks bl ls l[kr bTrsukc
ykft+e gS ojuk xqugxkj vkSj vt+kcs tgUue ds lt+kkokj gksaxs ogqv
rvkyk vv+yeq fcLlokc

t+dkr o m'zk dk c;ku

loky%& dqN yksx vius vki dks [kkUnkuh Qdhj dgrs gS rks mu ds vkSj
v'kz dk xYyk nsuk fulkc gS\
tokc%& vxj og yksx lkgsc fulkc gksa rks mUgsa t+dkr dk iSlk m'kz dk
xYyk nsuk tkbZt+ ugha ¼vEek dqrwc½

bUrsckg %& [;ky jgs fd flQZ t+dkr ;k v'kz fudkyuk gh deky vkSj
okftc ugha] cfYd lghg eljQ rd ml dks Igksapkuk Hkh t+:jh gS ojuk
QtZ+ vnk u gksaxk & elkfjQs t+dkr dqy lkr gS tks eUnjtkt+sy gS
 53
¼1½ Qdhj] [;ky jgs fd ;gka Qdhj ls eqjkn [kkUnkuh Qdhj ugha gS cfYd
og 'k[l gS ftl ds ikkl dqN gks exj u bruk fd fulkc dks Igksap tk,]
;k fulkc Hkj rks gks exj ml dh gktr vfLy;k esa eqLrx+jd gks
¼2½ feLdhu] ;gka Hkh feLdhu ls eqjkn og lkbyhu ugha gS tks njcnj
ekaxrs fQjrs jgrs gS ftu dk t+ghj cgksr [klrk vkSj ckfry csgrj gksrk gS
cfYd og yksx eqjkn gS ftu ds ikl dqN u gks ;gka rd fd [kkus vkSj cnu
Nqikus ds fy;s Hkh eksgrkts loky gksa
¼3½

loky%& bv+t+ xYYk esa isnkokj dk pkyhLoka fgLlk fudkyrs gS rks D;k
'kjv+ ¼'kjhv+r es½ esa ml dh dqN vly gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ x+yr vkSj fcYdqy cs vly gS eqlyekuksa dh iSnkokj
dk nLoka ;k chlok fgLlk fudkyuk Qt+Z gS] nLoka ml iSnkokj dk tks t+ehu
dh ueh ;k ckfj'k ls gks] vkSj chLok ml iSnkokj dk tks Mksy] ifEiax] ¸;wc
osy vkSj pj ls [kjhns gq, ikuh ls gks ¼vkEe dqrqc½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx ;g le>rs gS fd t+dkr jet+ku 'kjhQ gh es QqtZ+

gksrh gS xSjs jet+ku esa ugha rks mu dk ;g [;ky dSlk gS\
tokc%&

loky%& D;k t+dkr gj eqlyeku ij Qt+Z gS ;k ml ds fy, dqN 'krZs gS\

tokc%& t+dkr Qt+Z gksus dh pUn 'krZs gS vkSj og ;g gS ¼1½ ¼eqlyeku½
¼2½ vkfdy ¼3½ ckfyx ¼4½ vkt+kn ¼5½ ekfyds fulkc gksuk ¼6½ fulkc
dk gktrs vLyh vkSj dt+Z ls T+;knk gksuk ¼7½ ekfyd gksus ds ckn fulkc
ij ,d lky dk xqt+j tkukA

loky%& bLyke 'kjhv+r esa fulkc fdls gS

tokc%& nks lkS fnje ;kuh lk<s ckou rksyk pkanh] ;k ml dh dher dk
ekfyd gksuk fulkc dgykr gSA
 54
loky%& bLyke 'kjhv+r esa fulkc fdls gS
tokc%& nks lkS dnje ;kuh lk<s+ ckou rksyk pkanh] ;k ml dh dher dk
dk ekfyd gksuk fulkc dgykr gS

loky%& t+dkr dk D;k gqDe gS\

tokc%& t+dkr Hkh vjdkus bLyke ls ,d :Du gS ¼;kuh Qt+Z gS½ bl dk
bUdkj djus okyk dkfQj gS vkSj t+dkr u nsus okyk Qkfld vkSj dRy dk
eqLrfgd gS vkSj t+dkr dh vnk;xh esa nsj djus okyk xqugkxkj o ejnwn
'kgknr ¼ftl dh xokgh u ekuh tk,½ gSA

jkst+k dk c;ku
loky%& vxj dksbZ eqlyeku jet+kuqy eqckjd dks vkrk lksp dj
ev+tkt+Yykg ;g dgs fd vYykg ikd us ;g rhl jkst+s cuk, gS iwjh dSn
gS] Hkwd I;kl ysdj vkrk gS] cM+k tqYe gS ;k dgs fd eqlhcr lj ij vkxbZ
rks ml dk D;k gqde gS\
tokc%& ,slk 'k[l ;dhuu dkfQj eqrZngS] eqlyekuksa dks ml ls esy
tksy] lyke dyke lc gjke gS ¼Qrkok jfT+¸;k ft- 6] l-112] ekykcqík
feUgq Qkjlh l-141½

loky%& vDlj v+oke le>rs gS fd lsgjh [kk;s cxS+j jkst+k lgh ugh gksrk
;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& cxSj lsgjh [kk;s jkst+k j[kuk tkbZt+ gS ¼Qrkok vkyexhjh½ exj
eqLrgc gS fd lgjh [kk dj jkst+kk jgs fd gnhl esa bl dh Qt+hyrs vkbZ gS
¼Qrkok QStqjjZlwy ft-1] l-513½

loky%& xqy eatu ¼ridhj½ vkSj dksyxsV dk Lrseky jkT+s dh gkyr esa
djuk dSlk gS\
tokc%& gkyrs jkst+k esa fdlh rjg dk eUtu ;k dkWyxsV oxSjg dk
bLrseky fcyk t+:jrs lghgk ed:g gS vkyk gt+jr beke vgen jt+k
eqgfíls cjSyoh jfn;Yykgq rvkyk v+Ugks rgjhj Qjekrs gS fd eUtu gjke
 55
o uktkbZt+ ugh] tc fd brehuku dkQh gks fd ml dk dksbZ tqt+ gYd esa u
tk;saxk exj cst+:jr lghgk Qjkgr t:j gS] ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 4] l-
614] Qrkok cjdkfr;k l- 314½

bUrsckg %& myek dks brehuku dkQh rc Hkh eUtu Lrseky djsa fd v+oke
mUgs ns[kdj Lrseky djus yxsaxs vkSJ vius jkt+s dks cjckn dj nsaxs
¼Qrkok cjdkfr;k lQk 314½

loky%& v+oke esa ;g e'kgwj gS fd jkst+k nkj ds fy, nksigj ds ckn fqLokd
djuk ed:g gS ;g dSlk\
tokc%& ;g xyr vkSJ gekjs et+gc ds f[kykQ gS D;ksafd jkst+kk esa
feLokd djuk ed:g ugh cfYd vkSj fnuksa dh rjg jkst+kk esa Hkh feLokd
djuk lqUur gS feLokd [kq'd gks ;k rj vaxk ps ikuh ls rj vxj ps ikuh
ls rj dh gks ;w gh t+oky ls igys djs ;k cknesa fdlh oDr ed:g ugh

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj esa e'kgwj gS fd jkst+s dh gkyr esa bUtsd'ku
yxokus ls jkst+h VwV tkrk gS rks D;k ;g lgh gS\
tokc%& rgdh+d ;g gS fd bUtsD'ku yxokus ls jkst+k ugh VqVrk pkgs jx
es yxok;k tk;s ;k xks'r es exj fcyk gktr elyu flQZ rkdr ds fy,
jkst+s dh gkyr esa bUtsD'ku yxokuk ed:g gS !

loky%& vkerkSj ij b¶rkj dh nqvk ls b¶rkj ls igys gh I<+ ysrs gS ;g

dSlk\
tokc%& b¶rkj dh nqvk b¶rkj ds ckn i<+uk pkfg, ¼Qrkok jfT+o¶¸;k
ft- 4] l-651½

loky%& tkfgyksa es e'kgwj gS fd gkyrs ukikdh esa jkst+k j[kuk lgh ugh
;v+uh j[kus ls jkst+kk vnk u gksaxk ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ xyr gS gkyrs ukikdh es Hkh jkst+k gks tkrk gS vxjps
'kke rd u ugk;s gkWa exj ukikdh dh otg ls uekt+ u i<+ ldsxk tks fd
 56
v'kn l[r xqukgs dchjk gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 5] l-114½

loky%& vDlj vkSjrs ekSyk vy+h eq'kfdy dq'kk jfn;Yykgk o rvkyk

vUgq dk jkst+k j[rh gS rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& jkst+kk [kkl vYykg vT+t+k otYy ds fy, gS vxj vYykg rvkyk
dk jkst+k j[ks ekSyk vyh jfn;Yykg rvkyk vUgq dh ut+z jsa rks gjt+ ugh
exj ml esa djrh gS fd jkst+kk vk/khjkr j[krh gS 'kke dks v¶rkj ugh
djrh vk/kh jkr ds ckn ?kj ds njokt+k [kksy dj dqN nqvk ekaxrh gS ml
oD+r jkst+kk v¶rkj djrh gS ;g 'kSrkuh jLe gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k½

loky%& ckt+ yksx jtc dh 26 & 27 rkjh[k dks jkst+s j[krs gS igys dks
gt+kjh vkSj nksljs esa ,d yk[k dk lokc crkrs gS rks D;k ;g lgh gS\
tokc%& bu jkst+ks ds j[kus esa dksbZ eqtk;dk ugh exj ;g tks lokc ds eqr
vfYyd e'kgwj gS ml dk lcwr ugha ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 16] l-247½

loky%& vkSjrksa esa jkst+k j[kus dk cM+k tT+ck gksrk gS fygkt+kk crk;k tk;s
fd 'kSgj btkt+r ds cxSj uQy vkSj eUur o dle ds jkst+s og j[k ldrh
gS ;k ugha\
tokc%& vkSjr cxSj 'kSgj dh btkt+r ds bl fdLe ds jkst+s u j[ks vkSj
j[k ys rks 'kSgj rksM+ok ldrk gS exj rksM+sxh rks dt+k okftc gksxh exj ml
dh dt+kk esa Hkh 'kkSgj dh btkt+r njdkj gS ;k 'kSgj nsns ;k ej tk;s gka
vxj jkst+kk j[kus esa 'kSgj dk dqN gjt ugh elyr og lQj esa gks ;k
chekj gS ;k vgjke esa gS rks bu gkyrksa esa cxS+j btkt+r ds Hkh dt+kk j[k
ldrh gSa cfYd vxj og euk djs tc Hkh vkSj bu fnuksa es Hkh cs ml ds
btkt+r ds u¶y ugha j[k ldrh ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 5] lQ- 135½

loky%&cv+t+ tkfgyksa dk [;ky gS fd ekgs jet+ku esa jkst+kk dk fQn;k gj

ml 'k[l ds tkbZt+ gS ftls jkst+kk j[kus esa dqN rDyhQ gks rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ,slk gjfxt+ ugh fQn;k flQZ 'ks[k Qkuh ds fy, j[kk x;k gS
;v+uh tks c lcc ihjkuh [kkyh ¼cgksr t+bZQ ¼cq<+k½½ gks gdhd+ru jkst+kk
 57
dh dqnjr u j[krk gks vkSj u vkbUnk rkd+r dh mEehn gks fd mej ftruh
c<+sxh yqv+d ¼det+ksjh½ c<+sxh ml ds fy, fQn;k dk gqDe gS A vkSj tks
'k[l jkst+kk [kqn j[k ldrk gks vkSj ,slk ejht+ ugha fd ftl ds et+Z dks
jkst+k eqft+j ¼uqdlku½ gks ml ij [kqn jkst+kk j[kuk qQt+Z gS vxjps rDyhQ
gks ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft0 4] l-2&6½

uksV%& fQn;k dgrs gSa ,d feLdhu dh nksuks oDr Hkj isV [kkuk f[kykuk ;k
gj jkst+s ds cnys esa lndk, fQrj dh fednkj feLdhu dks nsuk ¼cgkjs
'kjhv+r½
pkan dk c;ku
loky%& vkt dyt voke esa ;g ckrsa cgqr e'kgwj gS fd elyu pkan
cM+kk Fkk jks'ku Fkk] nsj rd jgk] rks t+:j dy dk Fkk] nsj rd jgk] rks
t+:j dy dk] vkt cSB dj fudyk gS rkst+:j iUnjgoh gS vëkbZloh dks
ut+j vk;k Fkk fygkt+kk eghuk rhl dk gksxk]vëkbZloh dks cgksr ns[kk ut+j
u vk;k fygkt+kk eghuk mUrhl dk gksxk oxSjk rks ;g lc ckrs dSlh gS\
tokc%& ,sls D;kl ij v+ey egt+ tgkyr o gekdr gS nghl esa gS fd
pkan dj cM+k gksuk dqcZs D;ker dh vykerks esa ls gS nwljh gnhl esa gS
;v+uh v+ykekrs D;ker ls gS fd pkan cs rdYyqQ ut+j vk;sxk dgka tk;sxk
fd nks jkr dk gS ek[kqt+ vt+ rdZ vLckrqygyk}

pkan dk c;ku
loky%& ftu :i;ksa dh t+dkr vnk dh xbZ gS rks D;k mlls gt+ djuk
lgh gS\
tokc%& gka lgh gS] exj t+dkr vc Hkh QtZ jgsxh ¼Qrkok QStqjZlwy ft]
1] l-538½

loky%& cv+t+ yksxksa dk [;ky gS fd gt+ esa choh dks lkFk u ys tkus esa gt
ds lokc es deh vktkrh gS rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& yksxksa dk ;g [;ky 'kjvu x+yr gS ¼Qrkok QstqjZlwy ft-1]l-537½
 58
loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd tks 'k[l lc xtZs ft+;kjrs vkLrkuk
gt+jr lqYrkuqy fgUn [oktk x+jhc uokt+ jfn;Yykg vUg+ lkr ejrck
vtesj eqdíl tk;s og ,d gt ed+cwy dk lokc ikrk gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& xyr gS] ;g dgh ugh vk;k gS fd lkr ejrck vtesj tkus ls
,d gt edcwy ¼dk lokc gkfly½ gksrk gS yksxksa dh ,slh ckrsa dkfcys
,frckj ugha ¼Qrkok vfEtfn;k ft- 4] l-248½

loky%& vkSjr dk x+Sj egje ¼ftl ls inkZ djuk½ ds lkFk lQjs gt ij

tkuk tSlk fd bl t+ekus es dgh lquus esa vkrk gS dSlk gS\
tokc%& vkSjr vxjps vQhQk ¼ijgst+xkj½ gks ;k tbzQk ¼cq<h+½ cxSj
egje ¼ftl ls inkZ djuk tkbZt+ ugh½ gt [okg fdlh vkSj dke ds okLrs
lQj djuk uk tkbZt+ gS ¼fgmk;rft- 1&233½

uksV %& vkSjr vxj cxSj egje ;k 'kSgj ds gt dk pyh tk;sxh xqugxkj
gksxh gj dne ij xqukg fy[kk tk;sxk exj gt gks tk,xk ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k
ft- 4] l-684½

loky%& fn[kkos ds fy, gt djuk vkSj ekys gjke ls gt dks tkuk dSlk
gS\
tokc%& gjke gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-6] l-7½

loky%& vkt dy cgksr ls yksx gqdwdqYykg ¼vYykg dk gd tSls uekt+

jkst+kk t+dkr oxSjk½ vkSj gqdwdqybckn dh ikekyh djrs gSa vkSJ fQj gt
djrs gSa vkSj ;g le>rs gS fd gekj lc xqukg eqvkQ+ gks x;k u vc NwVh
gqbZ uekt+ t+dkr vkSj jkst+ks dk vnk djuk gS vkSj u cUnksa ds xl+c dnkZ
gqdwd vnk ;k eqvkQ djkuk gS rks ;g [;ky dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g mu dh l[r x+yr Qgeh gS vkyk gt+jr beke vgen jt+kk
Qkft+ys cjSyh rgjhj Qjekrs gS gt xqt+js gq, xqukgksa ;vuh oDr ij uekt+
o jkst+k oxSjk u vnk djus dh rD+lhj dks /kksrk gS gt ls dt+k 'kqnk uekt+
vkSj jkst+kk gjfxt+ ugh eqvkQ gq, vkSj u vkbUnk ds fy, ijoku, vkt+knh
 59
feyrk gSA

'kknh C;kg dk c;ku

loky%& fdlh lqUuh dk fudkg vxj dksbZ ogkch i<+kns rks D;k fudkg gks
tk;sxk\
tokc%& gka gks tk;sxk exj mu ls fudkg i<+okuk xqukg gS fd ml esa ,d
rjg ls ml dh rkt+he gS vkSj cn et+gc dh rkt+he gjke gSA ¼¶rkok
QStqjZlwy ft- 1] l-232½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd eqgjeZ ds eghus esa 'kknh C;kg djuk euk gS
;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& eqgjZe gks ;k lQj ;k jet+ku fudkg fdlh eghus esa euk ugha ;g
x+yr e'kgwj gks x;k gS ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 5] l-179 ½

loky%& vdlj voke gj eghuk dh 3@13@23 vkSj 8@18@28

ekfj[kksa es uht+ brokj vkSj cq/k ds fnu 'kknh oxSjk ugha djrs gS vkSJ
vd+hnk ,slk j[krs gS fd l[r uqdlku igksapsxk rks ;g [;ky dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g lc ckrs vkSj [;ky ckfry o cs vly vkSj yXo ckrs gS
¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft- 16] l-257½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd tks cPpk vius ?kj esa ts<k ;v+uh lc ls
cM+k gks mldk fj'krk ,slh cPph ls tks vius ?kj esa ts<h ;v+uh lc ls cM+h
gks vkSj tsB ds eeghus esa Hkh 'kknh djuk nq:Lr ugh le>rs ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& voke dk ;g [;ky 'kjv+u x+yr gS] fudkg fdlh eghus] fdlh
g¶rs vkSj fdlh rkjh[k esa euk vkSj ev+;wc ugha ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft-5]l-158½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx csok ;k rykd'kqnk vkSjr ls fudkg djuk [kkUnku ds

fy, vkj rlOoqj djrs gS] rks ;g [;ky dSlk gS\
tokc%& mu dk ;g [;ky 'kjv+u x+yr gS] D;ksa fd [kqn gqt+wj lYyYykgq
vySfg olYye us flok, mEeqy eksfeuhu gt+jr flíhdk jfn;Yykgq vySfg
 60
olYye us flok, mEeqy eksfeuhu gt+jr flíhdk jfn;Yyk o vkyk v+Ugk
ds fdlh dqaokjh chch ls fudkg ugh Qjek;k gS vycRRk Qksd+gk ;s fdjke us
dqaokjh yM+dh ls fudkg djuk eLrgc fy[kk gS ¼vuok:y gnhl lQk 329½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd fudkg ls igys nqYgu dks dyek i<+kuk
t:jh gS ;gh otg gS fd i<+kuk jkbZt gS rks D;k ;g lgh gS\
tokc%& fudkg ls igys yM+dk vkSj yM+dh dks dyek, r¸;ck vkSj bZeku
eqtey o eqQLly i<+kuk tSlk fd jkbZt gS cgrj gS t+:jh ugha ml dh
fgder ;g gS fd eksfeu o dkfQj dk fudkg vkil esa ugh gksrk rks vxj
ykbYeh esa nwYgk o nqYgu fdlh ls dqÝ lk t+n gqvk gksxk rks fudkg gh ugh
gksxk vkSJ ftUnxh Hkj gjkedkjh gksrh jgsxh bl fy, myek, eqg+rkr+ us
nwYgk nqYgu dks fudkg ls igys dyek i<+kuk tkjh Qjek;k gS ¼vuok:y
gnhl l- 330½

loky%& ;g tks iwjs fgUnqLrku esa vke rkSj ij jokt gS fd vkSjr ls ,d

'k[l btkt+r ys vkrk gS ftls odhy dgrs gSa og fudkg i<+kus okys ls dg
nsrk gS fd eS QqykWa dk odhy gwa vki dks btkt+r nsrk gw fd fudgk i<+k
nhft, ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g rjhdk egt+ x+yr gS odhy dks ;g bf[r;kj ugha fd bl
dke ds fy, mwljs dks odhy cukns vxj ,slk fd;k rks fudkg Qqtwyh gqvk
vkSjr dh btt+r ij ekSdwQ jgsxk tkt+r ls igys enZ o vkSjr gj ,d dks
rksus dk bf[r;kj gkfly gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r½

Qk;nk %& fudkg i<k+us dk lgh rjhd+k ;g gS fd tks fudkg i<+k;s og [kqn
vkSj ml ds oyh dk odhy cus [okg ;g [kqn ml ds ikl tkdj odkyr
gkfly djs] ;k fQj vkSjr dk odhy bl ckr dh btkt+r gkfly djs fd
og fudkg i<+kus ds fy;s nwljs dks odhy cuk ldrk gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r½
loky%& esgj cka/krs oDr fny es ;g [;ky djuk fd dqN nsuk rks gS ugh
flQZ t+ckuh tek [kpZ gS dcwy djyks rks ,sls [;ky ls fudkg es dksbZ uqDl
rks ugh vkrk\
 61
tokc%& fudkg esa dksbZ uqDl ugha exj ,slk [;ky bUnYykg ¼vYykg ds
uTnhd½ l[r dchg o 'kuhv gS ;gka rd fd gnhl esa bj'kkn gqvk tks enZ
o vkSjr fudkg djsa vkSj esgj nsus ysus dh fu¸;r u j[ks ;v+uh mls nsu
¼dtZ+½ u le>s og jkst+s D;ker t+kuh o tkfu;k mBk;s tk;saxs ¼Qrkok
jfT+o¸;k ft- 5] l-509] vyeYQwt+ ft- 3] l-77½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwhj gS fd x+kSj 'kknh 'kqnk vkSjr vxj ft+uk ls
gkfey gks tk;s rks ml ls cgkyrs gey fudkg tkbZt+ ugha ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& x+yr gS] elvyk ;g gS fd ftl vkSjr dks ft+uk dk gey gS ml
ls gkyrs g+ey esa fudkg nq:Lr gS fQj vxj fudkg mlh ls gqvk gS ftl
dk gey gS rks dh ¼gEchL=kh½ Hkh ldrk Hkh dj ldrk gS vkSj nwljs ls gqvk
rks tc rd cPpk iSnk u gksys orh tkbZt+ ugha ¼Qrkok vQjhd+k l-3½

loky%& fgUnqLrku esa v+ke nLrwj gS fd v+kSjr tc ejus yxrh gS rks ml

ls esgj eqvkQ djkrs gSa ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ejtqr ekSr esa esgjdh eqv+kQh fnxj oj"kk ds evkQ fd, cxSj
ugh gks ldrhA

loky%& fgUnqLrku esa ;g Hkh nLrqj gS vkSjr ejtkrh gS ;k vkneg ej

tkrk gS rks esgj djuk ;k djkuk dku es cksy dj gksrk gS ;k okfynk [kre
gks tkrh gS yM+dk ;k yM+dh [kre gks tkrh gS rks nw/k eqv+kQ djus djkus dk
flyflyk dku esa cksy dj gksrk gS rks ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g lc tgkyr gS A

loky%&cv+t+ bykdksa esa v+okeqUukl ¼vkevkneh½ gj lky tsB ds eghus

es x+kt+h fe;ka dk C;kg eukrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& x+kt+h fe;ka dk C;kg dksbZ pht+ ugh egt+ tkfgykuk gS jLe gS u
mu ds fu'kku dh dksbZ vly ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k 9 fuLQ vOoy lQk 189½

frykv+d vkSj bír dk c;ku

 62
loky%& voke es e'kgwj gS fd xqLlk es nh tkus okyh frykd ugha iM+rh
rks D;k ;g lgh gS\
tokc%& vxj xqLlk bl gn dk fd v+dy tkrh jgs ¼bl rjg fd irk gh
u pyrk gks fd D;k cksyrk gS vkSj t+cku ls D;k fudyrk gS vkSj ;g lwjr
cgksr ukfnj gS½ rks frykd+ okd+sv+ u gksaxh ojuk gks tk;sxhA ¼Qrkok
jfT+o¸;k ft- 5] l-621½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd gkyrs gey esa frykd nsuk uktkbZt+ gS
vkSj vxj nh tk, rks okds+v+ u gksxh ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ cs vly o f[kykQs 'kjv_ ckr gS cfYd gkyrs gey
esa frykd nsuk Hkh tkbt+ vkSj frykd dk gks tkuk Hkh lgh ¼Qrkok
cjdkfr;k lQk 155½

loky%& cv+t+ tkfgyksa es ;g e'kgwj gS fd vkSjr vxj 'kSgj dk uke ys

ys rks fudkg VwV tk;saxk ;g dSlk \
tokc%& ;g x+yr gS] bl ls fudkg VwVrk 'kk;n bls bl fy, x<+ fy;k gsk
fd bl Mjks fd frykd gks tk;sxh 'kSgj dk uke u ysxh ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r½

loky%& vkSjr dh t+cku ls vxj dye, dqÝ fudy tk, rks fudkg
VwVsxk ;k ugh \
tokc%& Qrkok bl ij gS fd vkSjr vxj dqÝ djs rks fudkg ls ugh
fudyrh o rkSck LrXQkj djsxh rTnhn bZeku rTnhns xsvr djsxhA

loky%& voke es tks ;s e'kgwj gS fd vkSjr dh btkt+r ds cxSj vxj ?kj

ls pyh tk;s rks fudkg ls [kkfjt gks tkrh gS dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g egt+ xyr gS ev+kt+vYykg vxj ,slh gks rks fudkg dh
fxjg vkSjrs ukfdlkrqy vdy okfyfnu ds gkFk esa gks tk, gkyka fd vYykg
vT+t+k oty us enZ ds gkFk esa j[kh gS ¼bjQkus 'kjhv+r ft- 1] l-8½

loky%& cv+t+ yksxksa dk [;ky gS fd fe;ka choh ,d ihj ls eqjhn ugha gks
 63
ldrs oukZ fudkg VwV tk;sxk xkfycu b; fy, fd lwjr es ihj 'kjhd HkkbZ
cgu gks tk;saxs vkSj mu esa fudkg ugh rks\
tokc%& fe;ka choh nksuks ,d ihj ls eqjhn gksldrs gS fudkg ij fdlh
fdLe dk vlj ugha vk;sxk lgkc, fdjke vkSj vt+okt ¼chfo;ksa½ lHkh
ufc¸;s djhe lYyYykgq vySfg olYye ls csavr gq, vkSj ;g rjhd+k
vktrd eqlyekuksa es jkbZt jgk ¼Qrkok vfEtfn;k½

loky%& cv+t+ tkfgyksa es e'kgwj gS fd lkyh ls ft+uk djus ds lcu

vkSjr 'kSgj ij gjke gks tkrh gS rks ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ft+uk cgjgky gjke gS exj lkyh ls ft+uk djus choh fudkg ls
ugh fudyrh vkSj ugh frykd iM+rh] vycRrk 'kknh dj ,d lkFK nkslxh
cguks dks j[kuk gjke gS vkSj ft+uk gS ¼vke fQd+k½

loky%& cv+t+ bykdksa ds tkfgyksa es e'kgwj fd ftl vkSjr ds ckjg cPps

gks tk;s ml dk fudkg vki ls vki tkrk gS fudkg tnhn ds cxSj ml
'kSgj ds lkkFk jg ldrh gS rks \

loky%& cv+t+ xaokj enkZs vkSj v+kSjrks es ;g ckr cgksr e'kgwj gS fd tc

rd 'kSgj esgj u vnk djs mls choh dks gkFk yxkuk uk tkbZt+ o gjke gS
rks ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g mu dh tgkyr dh nsu gS 'kjv+u fudkg gksrs gh 'kSgj ds fy,
vkSjr dk gkFk yxkuk] edkjscr djuk oxSjkg tkbt+ gks tkrk gS vxjps
vHkh esgj ls ,d iSlk Hkh u vnk fd;k gks ;wa gh cv+t xaokjigys choh ls
esgj eqvkQ djkuk t:jh le>rs gS ml ds ckr dksbZ ckr ;g Hkh xyr gS

loky%& voke es tks ;g e'kgwj gS fd rykx+ okyh vkSjr dh bír rhu

eghuk rsjg fnu gS D;k ;g lgh gS \
tokc%& ;g fcYdqy x+yr o cs cqU;kn gS 'kjhv+r esa ml dh dksbZ vly
ugha ¼Qrkok QStqjZlwy ft- 2] l-245½
 64
Qk;nk %& bír okyh vkSjrksa dh rQlhj gLcs t+sy gS
¼1½ gkeyk ¼[okg erydk gks ;k csok½ ml dh bír ot+, gey gS
¼2½ csog xSj gkfeyk ¼[okg lxh+jk gks] ;k dchjkg] en[kwyk ;kS xSj
enlwyk½ ml dh bír pkj eghuk nl fnu gS ¼ikjk 2 :dqv+ 14½
¼3½ eqrysdk vkbZlk ¼ipiu lky½ ;k uk ckfyx+k ml dh bír rh ekg
d+ejh gS ¼ikjg 28] :dwv+ 17½
¼4½ eqrysdk gk;t+k ml dh bír rhu gSt+ gS ¼ikjg 2 :dw v+kV½

loky%& ,d vkSjr dk fudkg gqvk exj 'kSgj us eqtkfevr vkSj [kyor

ls igys rykd+ ns nh rks ml vkSjr ds bír ;k ugh \
tokc%& bír ugha gS QkSju nwljk fudkg dj ldrh gS ¼ikjk22 :dwv 3½

loky%& enZ us viuh vkSjr dh Nkrh eqag esa yh vkSj nw/k gyd+ ls mrj
x;k rks D;k mlls fudkg VwV x;k \
tokc%& ugha bl ls fudkg esa dksbZ uqDl ugha vk;k¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ft-7]l-35½

f'kdkj vkSj ft+cg dk c;ku

loky%& cv+t+ yksx eNfy;ksa ds f'kdkj esa ft+Unk eNyh ;k ftUnk esM dk
dkVsa es izks nsrs gS vkSJ ml ls cM+h eNyh Qalkrs gS ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ,slk djuk euk gS fd tkuoj dks bt+k nsuk gS blh rjg ftUnk
?kafl;k ¼daPyk½ dkaVs es ijksdj f'kdkj djrs gS ;g Hkh euk gS gka ekj dj gks
;k frYyh oxSjk cs tku pht+ rks eqt+k;dk ugha ¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ft-17] l-30½

uksV %& ;g lc bl Qsv+y ¼f'kdkj½ dh fuLcr vgdke Fks jgh f'kdkj dh

gqbZ eNyh rks ml dk [kkuk gyky gS vxjps Qsv+y f'kdkj bu uk tkbt+
lwjrksa ls gqvk gks ¼Qrkok jfT+o¸;k ft- 8] l-380½

loky%& tks f'kdkj 'kkSfd;k egt+ cx+t+Z rQjhg gks cUnwd xqysy dk gksa
[kokg eNyh dk jkst+kkuk gks [okg dHkh dHkh tSlk fd cv+t+ yksx djrs gS
dSlk gS \
 65
tokc%& ;g eryd+u fcy bfRrQkd gjke gS ¼nqjZs eq[krkj½

loky%& voke esa ;g cgksr e'kgwj gS fd ftl Nqjh esa rhu dhysa vkSj
ydM+h dk nLrk u gks rks ml Nqjh ls ft+cg djuk tkbZt+ ugha ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ftl Nqjh ls tkuoj t+cg fd;k tk;s [okg dqjckuh gks ;k dqN
vkSj mlesa ydM+h oxSjg fdlh pht+ dk nLrk gksuk t+:jh ugha gnhl esa gS
tks pht+ [kwu cgksn vkSj t+chgk ij vYykg dk uke fy;k x;k gks rks mls
[kkvks] blh rjg dhy dh 'kjr Hkh cs cqu;kn vkSj ckfry gSA

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd vkSjr vkSj cPpk dks tkuoj t+cg djuk
tkbZt+ ugh rks D;k ;g lgh gS \
tokc%& vkSjr ;k ukcfyx+ cPpk vxj ft+cg ds elk;y ds eqrkfcd+
t+cg djs rks csyk fdlh djkgr ds ml dk t+chgk gyky gS ¼fgnk;g ft-4 l-
418½

loky%& ftl 'k[l dk [kruk u gks ml ds gkFk dk ft+cg fd;k gqvk

[kkuk dSlk gS \ cv+t+ yksx uk nq:Lr crkrs g rks \
tokc%& fcyk 'kqCg nq:Lr gS ;gka rd fd gekjs vkbEe, fdjke ds uT+nhd
ml dk t+chgk ed:g ugha gS nqjZs eq[krkj esa gS fd ft+cg djus okys dk
eqlyeku ;k fdrkch gksuk 'krZ gS vxjps vkSjr ;k cPpk ;k xS+j [kRuk 'kqnk
;k xqaxk gks

loky%& cv+t+ yksx dk [k;ky ;g gS fd ukikd vkneh dk tkuj ft+cg

djuk nq:Lr ugha rks dSlk gS \
tokc%& mls Hkh ft+cg djuk nq:Lr gS tc fd ft+cg djuk tkurk gks
D;ksafd ft+cg ds fy, ikd gksuk 'krZ ugha gS ¼Qrkok vfRtn;k ft-3]l-300

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd t+cg djus esa vxj lj vyx gks tk, rks
t+chg ed:g gks tkrk gS vkSj mldk [kkuk uk nq:Lr rks dSlk gS \
tokc%& ml ls t+chgk ed:g ugah gksrk vkSj u ml dk [kkuk uk tkbt+ gS
 66
vycRRk ;g Qsv+y ed:g gS fgnk;g esa gS ftl us Nqjh gjke eX+t+ igksak
fn;k ;k lj dV dj tqnk gks x;k rks ml dk Qsvy ed:g gS exj ft+cg
[kk;k tk;sxk&

loky%& cv+t+ yksx dgrs gS fd ftl rjg nwljs g+yky tkuojksa dks ft+cg
fd;k tkrk gS ,sls gh eNyh dks D;ksa ugh ft+cg fd;k tkrk gS \
tokc%& tcg djus ls [kwu fudkyuk edlwn gksrk gS vkSj eNyh esa [kwu
ugha bl fy, mls ft+cg ugha fd;k tkrk gSA ¼bjQkus 'kjhv+r ft-1] l-13½
 67

tkuojks dk c;ku
loky%& ckt+ yksx eNfy;ksa ds f'kdkj eas ftUnk eNyh ;k ftUnk esM+ dh
dkVs esas ijks nsrs gS vkSj ml ls cM++h eNyh Qalkrs gS ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ,slk djuk euk gS fd ml tkuoj dks bZt+k rdyhQ nsuk gS] blh
rjg ftUnk ?kafl;k dsFkd dkaVs eas ojks dj f'kdkj djrs gS ;g Hkh euk gS] gka
elk dk 'l frYyh pxSkg pht] rks eqtkbdk gtZ ughaa ¼cgkjs 'kjhvk ftYn
17 lQk 30 oxSjg½

uksV%& ;g lc ml dsvy ¼f'kdkj½dh fuLcr vgdke Fks jgh f'kdkj dh

gqbZ eNyh rks ml dk [kkuk gjrjg gyky gS vxj ps Qsvy f'kdkj bu
tkbt lwjrksa ls gfk gksA ¼Qykok jfTo¸;k ftYn 8 lQk 38½

loky%& tks f'kdkj 'kkSfd;k egt c xtZ rdjhg gks cUnwd xqySy dk gks
{okg eNyh dk] jkstkuk gks] [okg dHkh dHkh tSlk fd cv+t+ yksx djrs gS
dlkS gS \
tokc%& ;g erydu fcybRrsQkd+ gjke gS ¼nqjsZ eq[rkj½

loky%& voke essa ;g cgksr e'kgwj gS fd ftl NqjkZ eaa rhudhys vkSj
ydM+h dk nLrk ugks rks ml Nqjh ls tcg djuk tkbt ughaa ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ftl Nqjh ls tkuoj ft+cg fd;k tk;s [okg dqjckuh gks ;k dqN
vkS mleas ydM++h oxSjk fdlh pht dk nLrk gksuk t:jh ughaa gnhe esa gS tks
pht [kwu cgkns vkSj tchgk ij vYykg dk uke fy;k x;k gks rks mls
[kkvks blh rjg dhydh 'kjr Hkhcs cqU;kn vkSj ckfrd gS A

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd vkSjr vkSj cPpk dks tkuoj tcg djuk
tkbt ugha rks D;k ;g lgh gS \
tokc%& vkSjr ;k ukckfyx cPpk vxj tcg ds elk;y ds eqrkfcd
tcg djs rks fcyk djkgr ds ml dktchgk gyky gS fgnk;;g ftYn
pgkje esa gS tc djuk gyky gS tc fd fcfLeYyk dguk vkSj vPNh rjg
 68
ft+cg djuk tkurk gks vxj ps ft+cg djus okyk cPpk] etuw ;k vkSjr gks

loky%& ftl 'k[l dk lruk ugqvk gks ml ds gkFk dk tchgk [kkuk dSlk
gks \ cgt yksx uknq:Lr crks gS rks \
tokc%& fcyk 'kqCg nq:Lr gS ;gka rd fd gekjs vbEe;s fd'ke ds uTnhd
ml dk tchgk ed:g Hkh ugha gS nqjsZ eq[rkj esa gS fd tcg djus okys dk
eqlyeku ;k fdrkch gksuk 'krZ gS vxjps vkSjr ;k cPpk ;k xSj [kRuk 'kqnk
Fkk xwaxk gks A

loky%& cv+t+ yksxks dk [;ky ;g fd ukikd vkneh dk tkuoj ft+cg

djuk nq:Lr ugha rks ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& mls Hkh ft+cg djuk nq:Lr gS tc fd tcg djuk tkurk gks D;ksa
fd ft+cg ds fy, ikd gksuk 'krsZ ughaa A¼Qrkok vetfn;k 3@300½

loky%& voke esea 'kgwj gS fd tcg djus esa vxj lj vyx gks tk;s tks
tcfg ed:g gks tkrk gS vkSj ml dk [kkuk uk nq:Lr] ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ml ls tchgk ed:g ugha gksrk vSj u ml dk [kkuk uktkbZt gS
vycRrk ;g dsoy ed:g gS fgnk;r esa gS fd ftl us NqjkZ gjke eXt
rd igksa pkfn;k ;k lj dV dj tqnk gks x;k rks ml dk ;g Qsvy ed:g
gS exj tchgk [kkuk tk;sxk ¼Qrkok vQjhdk ldk 95½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx djrs gS fd ftl rjg nwljs gyky tkuojksa dks ft+cg
fd;k tkrk gS ,ls
tckc%& ft+cg djus ls [kwu fudkyuk edlwn gksrk gS vkSj eNyh esa [kwu
ughaa bl fy, mls ft+cg ugha fd;k tkrk ¼bjQkus 'kjhvr½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx M+ckj fcLeYykg vYykgw vdcj dg dj tkuoj

ft+cg djrs gSa ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g tgkyr gS cfYd ,d ejrck i<uk dkQh gS ¼vkek dqrqc
fQdk½
 69

dqjckuh vkSj vdhdk dk c;ku

loky%& voke esa ;g ckr cgksr e'kgwj gS fd vdhdk dk xks'r cPpk ds
eka]cki]nknk]nknh vkSj ukuk ukuh ughaa [kk ldrs rks D;k ;g lgh gS \
tokc%& ;g egt xyr gS lc [kk ldrs gS A¼drkok vEtfn;k ft 3 l
3021½

loky%& vxj fdlh [k[r us vdhdk dk nqvk i<s cxSj tkuoj dks ft+cg
dj fn;k rks vdhdk gksxk ;k ugha \
tokc%& gka gks tk;sxk c'kjrs fd fcLekYykfg vYykgq vdcj dg dj
ft+cg fd;k gks ¼cgksj 'kjhvr ft 15 ldk 155½

loky %& vdhdk esa tkuoj dh gM+M+h rksmuk dSlk gS cvkt yksx euk
Qjekrs gS rks \
tokc%& csgrj rks ;g gS fd ml dh gM+M+h u rksM+h tk;s cfYd gfM+~M+;ksa ij
xksjr M+rkj fy;k tk;s fd ;g lykerh dh usd Qky gS vkSj gM+~M+h rksM+dj
xks'r cuk;k tk, mlesa Hkh gjt ughaa ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn 15 ldk 155 ½

loky%& cv+t+ yksxks dk [;ky gS fd ftUnxh esa viuh rjQ ls flQZ ,d

ckj dqjckuh djuk okftc gS ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& mu dk ;g [;ky 'kjvu xyr gS vkSj cs cqu;kn gS D;ksafd
vkneh vxj gj lky lkgcs fulkc gks rks gj lky mlds uke ls dqjckuh
okftc gS A ¼dqrqc fQdg vke ½

loky%& vdlj voke ;g le>rs gS fd dqjckuh flQZ ?kj ds ekfyd ij

okftc gksrh gS vkSj fnxj vQjkns [kkuk ij ugha vxj ps og lkgcs fulkc
gksa rks ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& dqjckuh gj eqlyeku ckfyx eqdhe lkgcs fulkc vktkn ij
okftc gS [okg og enZ gks ;k vkSjr] fygktk Qdr ?kj dsekfyd ds dj nsus
vkSjks ds lj ls otwc lkfdr u gksxk A
 70
loky%& pUnHkkbZ ,d esa ldrs gSa vkSj cM+k HkkbZ ekfyd gS rks D;k dqjckuh
flQZ cM+s HkkbZ ij okftc gS blfy, fd og ekfyd gS \
tokc%& vxj lc Hkkb;ksa ds eq'rjdk eky ls lc dk fukc iwjk gks tkrk gS
rks gj HkkbZ ij dqjckuh okftc gS A blfy, fd bl lwjr eas mu esa dk gj
,d ekfyds fulkc gS vkSj cM+k HkkbZ ekfyd cuvek bUrstke dkj gS u fd
gdhdh ekfyd] vkSj vxj lc ds fulkc dks ugha igksaprk rks fdlh ij
dqjckuh okftc ugha A ¼Qrkok QStqjZlwy ftYn 2 ldk 439½

loky%& vxj fdlh ds ikl fulkc Hkj dk eky u gks ysfdu [ksrh dh
tehu bruh gks fd vxj ml dks csp M+kys rks fulkc Hkj gks tk;sxh] rks D;k
ml ij dqjckuh gS ;k ugha \
tokc%& ftl 'k[r ds ikl [ksrh dh tehu bruh gS fd vxj ml dks csp
M+kys rks fulkc dh igksap tk, rks og 'k[r ekfyds fulkc gS] vkSj ml ij
dqjckuh o fdrjk okftc gSA ¼drkok jfTo¸;k½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd tc rd cdjs dks nkr u fudys vk;s rks
ml dh dqjckuh ughaa gks ldrh rks \
tokc%& dqjckuh ds cdjs ;k cdjh dh M+ej lky Hkj gksuk t:jh gS nkar
dk fudyuk t:jh ugha] ¼Qrkok QStqjZl~y ftYn 2 ldk 436½

[kkus ihus vkSj fu;kt Qkfrgk dk c;ku

loky%& cv+t+ yksxksa dks ns [kk tkrk gS fd [kkus ls igys flQZ ,d gkFk /kks
ysrs gSa ;k Qdr M+axfy;k cfYd flQZ pqVdh /kksus ij bDrsdk djrs gSa rks D;k
;gh lqUur rjhdk gS \
tokc%& ugha] cfYd lqUur ;g gS fd [kkus ls igys vkSj [kkus ds ckn nksuksa
gkFk xgksa rs /kks tk;sa vkSj dqYyh Hkh dh tk, ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn 16 lQk 118½

loky%& cv+t+ bykdksa esa ;g fjokt gS fd eqgjZe dh igyh rkjh[k ls nLoh

rd eNyh] dcwrj dk xks'r vkSj elwj dh nky ughaa [kkrs cfY d l[rh ls
ml ls jksdrs gSa rks ;g dSlk gS \
 71
tokc%& ;g mu dh l[r xyrh vkSj tcj nLr gekdr gS oYykgw vkyqe
fcLokc

loky%& voke esa ;g e'kgwj gS fd gtjr M+oSl djuh jft;Yykgw vUgq us

gqtwjs vdje lYyYykgq vykSfg o lYye ds nUnkus eqckjd dh [kcjs
'kgknr lqu vius nkar 'kghn dj M+kys Fks rks mu [kkus ds fy, gyok idk;k
x;k Fkk fQj mlh oDr ls 'kcs cjkr esa gyok idus yxk] D;k ;g lgh gS \
tokc%& 'kcs cjkr esa gyok ij fu;kt fnykus dh ;g ogt gjfxt ughaa
cYdh pwadh gyok venk pht gS rks gqtqj dh ehBh pht egcwc Fkh bl ogt
ls ml ij Qkfrg fnykus gS vkSj nqljh pht ij fnyk;s ml esa dqN eqtkbdk
ugha ¼Qrkok vEtfn;k ft 4 ldk 160½

loky%& 22 jtc dks dksaM+k Qkfrgk ds uke ij gtjr beke tkQj

lkfnd jft;Yykg dh fu;kt+ djuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& tkbZt gS & exj csgrj gS fd 22 jtc ds ctk, 15 jtc dks djsa
fd vki dk fclky 15 jtc gks gh gqvk Fkk 22 jtc dks gtjr vehj
eqvkfo;k jfn;Yykg vUgq dk folky gqvk gS rks f'k¸;k mu ds folky dh
[kq'kh esa bZn eukrs gSa vkSj [kq'k vdhnk eqlyekuksa dks Qjsc nsus ds fy,
beke tkQj lkfnd jfn;YYkkg vUgq dk Qkrsgk dgrs gS vkSj vxj 22
jtc dks gh djsa rks gtjr vehj eqvkfo;k jfn;Yykgq vUgq vkSj reke
lgkck ds uke Hkh Qkfrgk fnyk;sa rkfd [kkfdt ¼f'k¸;ksa ½ dh eq[kkfyQr gks
tk;s

loky%& voke esa ;g ckr cgksr e'kgwj gS fd dwaM+k Qkfrgk dk [kkuk ogha
[kkuk t:jh gS tgka ij Qkfrgk nh tk;sa ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g xyr e'kgwj gS 'kjhvr eas ,slh dh bZ dSn ughaa fd ogha [kk;k
tk;sa tgka ij Qkfrgk gqvk gS] mlh rjg dqN yksx nwl fu;kt ds fy,
feV~Vh dk dksaM+k gksuk t:jh le>rs gSa ;g Hkh xyr gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ft
16 lQk 244½
 72
loky%& fgUnqLrku esa cv+t+ bykdksa esa [oktk f[ktz dh fu;kt nfj;k ;k
rkykc ds fdukjs fnykrs gS vkSjrsa nfy;k p<krh gS ;g lc dSlk gS A
tokc%& gtjr f[kzt vySfgLlyke dh fu;kt dk ;g rjhdk uktkbZt o
xquk, gSA ¼ekgukek v'kjfd;k udcj 19 18 ½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx dgrs gSa fd [kkrwus tUur chch Qkfrek jfn;Yykgq
vYgk dh fu;kt dk [kkuk flQZ vkSjrsa [kk;s enZ ugha [kk ldrs ;g dSlk gS\
tokc%& ;g xyr e'kgwj gS] enZ vkSjr lc [kk ldrs gS 'kjvu dksbZ
eqekfuvr ughaa ¼bjQkus 'kjhvr ftYn 1 lQk 6½

bUrsckg%& blh rjg dgrs gSa fd [kkrwus tUur dh fu;kt dk [kkuk diM+s+
ls <d dj fn;k tk;s uht csog ;k fudkg lkuh okyh vkSjr Hkh ugha [kk
ldrh flQZ 'kkSgj okyh vkSjrsa gh [kk ldrh gS ;g lc ckrsa cs vly gS
¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k oxSjg½

loky%& voke dk ;g fd v'kj, eqgjZe esa flok, 'kksgnk, djcyk

fjt+oku vykSfge vtebZu ds fdlh nwljs dh Qkfrgk ugha gks ldrh gS dSlk
gS \
tokc%& xyr gS]gj eghuk vkSj gj rkjh[k eas gj oyh dh fu;kt vkSj gj
eqlyeku dh Qkfrgk gks ldrh gS ¼vgdkes 'kjhvr ftYn 1 lQk 127½

loky%& fgUnw ds ;gka dh 'khjuh ij Qkfrgk nsuk tkbZt gS ;k ughaa] uht ds

?kj dk [kkuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& cgrj ;g gS fd Qkfrgk ds fy, 'khjuh eqlyeku ds ;gk dh gks
vkSj fgUnqvksa ds ;gka dk xks'kr gjke gS ckdh [kkuksa esa eqtkbdk ugha vxj
dksbZ vkSj otgs 'kjbZ ekus v u gks ¼bjQkus 'kjhvr ftYgk lQk 15½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx eNyh ij Qkfrgk ugha fnykrs og bl fy, fd mu ds

[;ky esa gS fd eNyh ij Qkfrgk nsuk tkbZt ugha ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& eNyh ij fcyk 'kqCgk ikd vkSj gyky gS] fygktk fnxj [kkuksa dh
 73
rjg mlij Hkh Qkfrgk nsuk tkbZt] cYykg vkyeq fcLlokc

loky%& vaMs ij Qkfrgk gks ldrh gS ;k ugha \

tokc%& vaMs ij Hkh Qkfrgk gks ldrh gS exj Hkwudj ;k idk dj Qkfrgk
vUlc gS ¼Qrkok ikLoku lQk 28½

loky%& D;k vkSjr Qkfrgk ns ldrh gS \

tokc%& gk ns ldrh gS 'kjvu dksbZ otgs ekus v ugha] ¼bjQkus 'kjhvr
ftYn 1 lQk 12 ½

loky%& rvft;k ds lkeus pkSd ij 'khjuh oxSjg j[k dj Qkfrgk djuk

ds lkg \
tokc%& Qkfrgk ykbZt gS jksVh] 'khjuh ] 'kjcr] pk;] ftl pht ij gks
exj rvft;k ij j[k dj ;k ml ds lkeus gksuk tgkyr gS vkSj ml ij
p<kus ds lcc rcjqZd le>uk gekdr gS] gka rvft;k ls vyx tks
[kkfyl lPph fu¸;r ls gtjkr 'kksgnk;s jfn;Yykgq rvkyk vYyqe dh
fu;kt gks og t:j rcjZqd gSA¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ftYn 1 lQk 44 fuLQs vkf[kj½

loky%& Qkfrgk ds oDr [kkus ihus dh phtksa dk lkeus gksuk dSlk gS \

cv+t+ yksx mls uktkbZt crkrs gS rks D;k ;g lgh gS \
tokc%& c oDr Qkfrgk [kkus ihus dh phtksa dk dkjh dk lkeus gksuk
tkbt o eqLrglu gS exj t:jh ugha vycRrk vxj fdlh dk ;g
,fodkn gks fd tc rd [kkuk ¼;k f'kjuh½ lkeus u fd;k tk;s rks
lokc u igkaspsxk rks ml dk ;g xqeku egt xyr gS ysfdu u¶ls Qkfrgk
esa bl ,frdkn ls dqN gjQ ughaa vkrk] ¼Qrkok jfToj;k ftYn 4 lQk 194½

loky%& cv+t+ nLrj [okuksa ij v'kvkj ¼'ksvj½ fy[ks jgrs gS mudk

fcNkuk vkSj mu ij [kkuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& euk gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn 3 lQk 42½
 74
loky%& gkyrs gSt ekgokjh eas vka[ks [kkuk idk;k ml [kkus esa Qkfrgk
nsuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& nq:Lr gS bl gkyr esa idk;k gqvk [kkuk ukikd ughaa gksrk ¼t:jh
elk;y½

loky%& gkyrs gSt ¼ekgokjh½ esa vkSjrs dyek 'kjhQ] n:n 'kjhQ]
rLchg] vek ukr] elkbZy dh fdrkcsa mnZw tckc esa i<+ ;k Nw ldrh gSa ;k
ugha \
tokc%& ;s lc phtsa ukikdh dh gkyr esa i<+uk vkSj Nwuk fcyk djkgr
nq:Lr vkSj tkbZt gS ¼[kqyklk elkbys fQdg½

lyke vkSj eqlkQgk dk c;ku

loky%& fdlh eqlyeku dks ns[kdj vxj blfy, lyke u fd;k tk;s fd
uk ekywe lqUuh gS ;k ogkch] dSlk gS
tokc%& lyke u djuk nq:Lr ughaa D;ksa fd bLyke lkfcr vkSj cgkfu;r
e'kdwd gS ¼Qrkok ikLoku lQk 75 ½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx eqlkQgk ds oDr ;k ml ds ckn [kqn viuk gkFk pwe
fy;k djrs gS ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g ed:g gS ,slk ugha djuk pkfg, ¼bLykeh b[ycc vknkc½

gyky vkSj gjke dk c;ku

loky%& vkt dy vke rkSj ij fjokt gS fd pDdh okysa xsagw cxSjg ihlus
ds ckn dh fdyks rhl pkfyl xzke vk; tjrh dj dj fudky ysrs gS
'kjvu dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g uktkbt o gjke gS blfy, fd bruh fednkj esa vkVk ughaa
tyrk lcwr ;g gS fd pDdh okys ds ikl nl ikap fdyks vkVk jkstkuk
Qkftc cp tkrk gS A ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn 13 lQk 53½
 75
loky%& diM+k flyus ds fy, fn;k rks njth us ml esa ls dkV fy;k] :bZ
dkrus ds fy, fn;k rks dkrus okys us :bZ fudky yh diM+k cqUus ds fy,
fn;k rks cquus okys us lwr fudky fy;k vkSj Hkjus okys us lwr ;k :bZ
fudky fy;k rks bu lc dk D;k gqDd gS \
tokc%& ;g lc uktkbt o gjke gS ¼vuok:y gnhl lQk 317½

loky%& [ksr jgu j[kus dk tks vke [kkt gS fd fdlh 'k[l dks dqN
:i;k ns dj ml dk [ksr bl 'krZ ij j[krs gS fd ge [ksr ls uQk gkfly
djrs jgsaxs vkSj xkSjfeUVh yxku nsrs jgsaxs fQj tc rqe :i;k vnk djksxs
ge [ksr okil dj nsaxs \
tokc%& ;g uktkbZt gS bl fy, fd dtZ ns dj uQk gkfly djuk lwn gS
vycRrk dkfQj gjch tSls ¼tSls fgUnqLrku ds dkfQj½ dk [ksr bl rjg ys
ldrk gS bl fy, dh vdwn Qkflnk ds tfj;k mu dk eky ysuk tkbZt gS
¼Qrkok QStqjZlwy ftYn 2 lQk 397½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx dgrs gS fd rkftjksa dk ,d :i;k dh pht nks :i;s esa
cspuk uktkbZt gS] rks D;k ;g lgh gS \
tokc%& vxj rkftj >wV u cksys elyu ;g fd ;g pht eSa us brus esa
[kjhnk gS oxSjk] rks ,d dk nwuk ysxk fcYdqy tkbt gS 'kjvu ml esa dksbZ
[kjkch ugha jíqy eq[rkj esa gS fd vxj ,d dkxt dh ,d iphZ gtkj
:i;s esa chps rks fcyk djkgr tkbZt gS A

loky%& fdlh dh nk<h ewamuk ;k ,d eq'kr l de djuk dSlk gS] uht

ml dh gtjt ysuk tkbt gS ;k ugha \
tokc%& ftu ckyksa dks eqaM+okuk vkSj t:jr dh otg ls NksVk djkuk
tkbt gS budh M+tjr ysuk nsuk nq:Lr gS vkSj ftu ckykas dk eqaM+okuk vkSj
rjk'kuk gjke gS elyr nk<h ds cky mu dh M+tjr ysuk nsuk Hkh fcYdqy
nq:Lr ughaa A ¼vxjp xkgd dh ethZ ls ewM+s½ cgokyk d''kkd

loky%& <ksy] gkjeksfu;e vkSj lkjaxh ctkus okyksa vkSj xkus okyksa dks
 76
Hkhd nsuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& 'kjvu euk gS] v'kv,Yyevkr ftYn nkse lQk 30 esa gS vluh
tks lk;y <ksy ctk;s gq,njoktksa ij ?kksers fQjrs gS bUgs ¼Hkhd½ ughaa nsuk
pkfg, A

loky%& nw/k esa ikuh feyk dj cspuk] ;wa gh vPNs lkQ xsgwa esa /kwy vkSj
feêh feyk dj cspuk tSlk fd cv+t+ yksx djrs gS dSlk gS \
tokc%& uktkbt gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn 16 lQk 105@106½

loky%& vke rkSj ij ;g jokt gS fd fdlh eqvkeyk dks rS djrs oDr tks
cSvkuk fn;k tkrk gS vxj [kjhnkj cSvkuk nsus ds ckn eky ysus ls bUdkj
dj nsrk gS rks cspus okyk cSvkuk dh jde tcr dj ysrk gS rks 'kjvu
dSlk gS \
tokc%& tqYe vkSj gjke gS vkyk gtjr beke vgen [oktk jtk dknjh
jgerqYykg vySg rgnhj djekrs gSa fd cSv u gksus dh gkyr esa csvkuk
tCr dj ysuk tSlk fd tkfgyksa esa jokt gS tqYe ljhg gS ¼vy eYQwt
ftYn 3 lQk 27½

loky%& vdlj nhgkrks esa ;g jokt gS fd yksx viuh xk; cdjh vkSj
eqxhZ oxsjk ijofj'k ds fy, fdlh nwljs dks bl 'krZ ij nsrs gS fd og
f[kyk;sxk pjk;sxk vkSj tks cPps ;k vUM+s gksaxs nksuksa vk/kk vk/kk
ckaV ysaxs ;g rjhdk dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g rjhdk xyr gS] cPpksa esa f'kjdr ughaa gksxh cfYd cPps ml ds
gksaxs ftl ds tkuoj gS ¼blh rjg vUM+s ml ds gS ftldh eqxhZ gS ½ vkSj ml
nwljs dh pkjk dh dher] tc fd viuk f[kyk;k gks vkSj pjkbZ vkSj
j[kokyh dh mtjr feLy feysxh A ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn 11 lQk 89½

loky%& vxj dksbZ 'k[r fdlh dk eky pwjk djds yk, vkSj Qjks[r djs
rks mls [kjhnuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& pksjh dk eky tku cw> dj [kjhnuk gjke gS cfYd vxj ekywe
 77
ugks cfYd etuwu ¼'kd½ gks tc Hkh gjke gS vkSj vxj u ekywe gks u dksbZ
oktsg djhuk rks [kjhnkjh tkbZt gS fQj vxj ;g lkfcr gks tk;s fd ;g
pksjh dk eky gS rks ml dk bLrseky gjke gS cfYd ekfyd dks fnyktk;s
vkSju gks rks ml ds okfjlksa dks vkSj muij Hkh irk u py lds rks Qdhjksa
dks¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ftYn 7 lQk 38½

loky%& vkt dy cgksr vke gS fd edku fdjk;g ij nrs oDr ekfyd

edku fdjk;s nkj ls ,d eksVh jde ysrk gS ftl dks ixM+h dgrs gSa ml dk
D;k gqDe gS \
tokc%& fdjk;s ij edku ysus ds fy, dqN :i;k fdjk;k ds bykog ixM+h
ds uke ij nsuk vkSj ysuk gjke o uktkbZt gS] gk fdjk;s ij edku ysus ds
fy, efyd edku ds ikl vxj crkSj tekur igys dqN :i;k tek djs
rks ;g tkbt gS A¼Qrkok QStqjZlwy ftYn 2 lQk 416½

loky%& voke eas e'kgwj gS fd fgUnw ¼dkfQj½ dk eky ywVdj ;k pksjh

eDdkjh vkSj Qjsc oxSjk ls ysuk tkbt ughaa fd xn o cn vgnh erydu
¼eqlyeku vkSj dkfQj½ lc ls euk gS] vycRrk mdwns Qkflnk ds tfj;k
dkfQj gjch dk eky ysuk tkbZt gS c'kjrs fd og vdns eqfLye ds fy,
eqdhn gks ¼vke dqrqc fQdg½

eq & r & QfjZdkr

loky%& ekgs lQj dk vkf[kjh cq/n fgUnqLrku eas cgksr euk;k tkrk gS
yksx vius dkjksckj cUn dj nsrs gS lSj o rQjhg vkSj f'kdkj dks tkrs gSa]
iqfM+;ka idrh gS vkSj ugkrs /kksrs gS [kqf'k;ka eukrs gS dgrs ;g gSa fd gqtwj
vdne lYyYykgq vykSfg o lYyke us ml jkst xqLys lsge Qjek;k Fkk
vkSj cS:us enhuk r¸;ck lSj ds fy, r'kjhQ ys x;s Fks] ;g lc ckrsa dSlh
gS \
tokc%& ;g lc ckrsa cs vly gSa cfYd bu fnuksa esa gqtwj lYyYykgq
vykSfg o lYyke dk etsZ f'kír ds lkFk Fkk og ckrs f[kykds okdsv gS vkSj
cv+t+ yksx dgrs gSa fd ml jkst cyk;sa vkrh gS vkSj rjg rjg dh ckrsa
 78
c;ku dh tkrh gSa ;g lc cs lcwr gS ¼vgdkes 'kjhvr ftYn 2 lQk 42½

loky%& yM+dh ds ?kj okys tgst esa tks lkeku nsrs gSa rks ml dk ekfyd
dkSu gksrk gS yM+dh ;k yM+dk ds ?kj okys \
tokc%& 'kjvu lkekus tgst dh ekfyd [kqn yM+dh gksrh gS A ¼jgqy
eq[rkjftYn nkse lQk 399½

loky%& ;g ckr e'kgwj gS fd 'kcs esvjkt gqtwj vdnl lYyYykgw

vykSfg olYye uvySu 'kjhQ igus gq, v'kZ ij x;s vkSj okfvthus
¼rdjhj djus okys½ mlds eq&r vfYyd ,d fjok;r Hkh c;ku djrs gS
mldk D;k gqDe gS \
tokc%& ;g cs vly gS ml dk dksbZ lcwr ughaa vkSj ;g Hkh lkfcr ughaa
fd cjguk ik Fks fygkt ml ds eq&r vfYyd lqdwr ¼pqi jguk½ djuk
equkflc gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn 16 lQk 246½

loky%& xSj eqfLye vius gkFk esa fdlh nsoh nsork oxSjk ds uke dk lqj[kk
lq= viuh fgQktrh /kkxk cka/krs gS vc mu dh ns[kk ns[kh eqfLye tkbZjhu
Hkh vtesj 'kjhQ oxSjg ls ,d fdLe dk /kkxk ykrs gS vkSj mls vius
dykbZ esa feLy xSj eqfLyeksa ds cka/krs gSa rks eqlyekuksa dks bl /kkxk dk
dykbZ esa cka/kuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& eqlyekuksa dks ;g tkbZt ugha fd /kkxk gkFk esa cka/ks fd ml esa
eq'kfjdhu ds r'kCcksg djs ¼;vuh mu dh udy djs½ gnhl 'kjhQ es gS fd
tks fdlh dkSe ls r'kCcksg bf[r;kj djs rks og mugha esa ls gS ¼ekgukek
v'kjfQ;k vySg 1998½

loky%& cgt yksx dqjvku ethn dh frykor ds oDr vkSj [kqRck ds oDr
uke ukeh lqu dj vaxqBk pqers gS ;wa gh cv+t+ yksx nkSjkus frykor
lqCgkuYykg] ek'kvYykg ls nkn nsrs gS ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& bj'kkn jCckuh gS fd ^^tc dqjvku i<k tk, rks mls xkSj ls lquks
vkSj pqi jgks ** fygktk frykors dqjvku ds oDr vaxwBk pweuk ;k
 79
lqCgkuYykg ek'kkvYykg ls nkn nsrk uktkbZt u euk gksxk D;ksa fd ;g
bLrsekv o bUlkr nksukas ds f[kykQ gS blh rjg gkyrs uekt esa vkSj [kqRCkk
lqUrs oDr Hkh vaxwBs pwedj vka[kks ls yxkus btktr ughaa vkSj ugha [kqRcs ds
nkSjku nk:n 'kjhQ cqyUn vkokt ls i<uk gS A¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ftYn 2
lQk 417½

bUrsckg%& vaxwBk pwers oDr pw dh vkokt iSnk djuk ugha pkfg, cfYd
vaxwBs ycksa la yxkdj vka[kks ls yxkdj vka[kks ij j[k ys A

loky%& vdlj ns[kk vkSj lquk tkrk gS fd yksx ukckfyd ¼NksVs½ cPpks
dks eklwe dgrs gSa ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& evlwe gksuk uch vkSj Qfj'krs dk [kkL;k gS mu ds flok dksbZ
eklwe ugha fygktk cPpksa dks eklwe dgus dh bLrsykg 'kjvu xyr gSA
¼futkes 'kjhvr lQk 172½

loky%& fd;k beke cka/k dj bfLrUtk djus esa dksbZ gtZ gS \

tokc%& beke cka/ks gq, bfLrUtk djus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha ¼ekgukek
v'kjfQ;k 1999½

loky%& cv+t+ toku vkSjrsa vius ihjksa ds gkFk iSj nckrh gSa vkSj cv+t+
ihj viuh eqjhnk ls gkFk ikao ncokrs gS vkSj mu esa vdlj nksuks ;k ,d
gís 'kgor esa gksrk gS 'kjvu ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ,salk djuk uk tkbt gS vkSj nksuksa xqugxkj gS A ¼bLykeh b[ykd
o vknkc lQ 17½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx 'kcs cjkr esa ;k nwljs ekSdk ij Hkh vkfr'kckth] o
iVk[ks vkSj NNqUnj;k vkSj fdLe dh vkfr'k ckft;ka NksM+rs gSa vkt rd
'kkfn;ksa esa Hks gksrk gS ml dk D;k gqDe gS \
tokc%& ;g uktkbZt o gjke vkSj Qqtqy [kphZ gS vkSj viuh usfd;ksa dks
cckZn djuk gS vkSj viuh usfd;ksa esa vkx yxkuk gS ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn
 80
14 lQk 164½

loky%& vdlj eqlyeku viuh cksy pky esa dq¶Qkj o eq'kfjdhu ds

ckcr dgrs jgrs gS fd ^^Qqyka 'k[l dk v[ykd vPNk gS ** rks ;g dguk
dSlk gS \
tokc%& fdlh dkfQj ;k eq'kfjd dks ,[ykd esa vPNk dguk xqukg gS gka
vycRrk fdlh nquVkoh dke eas dguk elyu rSjrk vPNk gS ;k ?kksM+s ij
vPNk p<rk gS ;k vPNk cksyrk gS bl esa ntZ ughaa-¼vgdkes 'kjhvr ftYn
2 lQk 176½

loky%& fdlh eqlyeku ds fy, viuh pkykdh ls fcyk fVdV jsy oxSjg
dk lQj djuk dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;gka ds dkfQj vxjp gjch gSa exj fcyk fVdV lQj djuk
vius dks gykdr ;k vgkur ds fy, is'k djuk gS] viuh bTtr dks [krjs
esa M+kyuk gS fd f[kykds dkuwu gS eqlrksftc ltk gksxk fygktk ,slh gjdr
ls cpuk ykfte gS tks ftYyr o :LokbZ dk lcc gks ¼Qrkok eqLrfQfo¸;k
ftYn 3 lQk 146½

loky%& vkt dy vdlj vkSjrs xSj eksgje efugkj ¼pqM+hgkj½ ds gkFk esa
gkFk nsdj pqfM+;ka igurh gSa ;g 'kjvu dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g gjke gS] vxj 'kkSagj bl Qsvy ij jkth gks rks n¸;wl gS vkSj
gnhl ds eqrkfcd n¸;wl dk fBdkuk tgUue gS A¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ftYn 1
lQk 208½

loky%& cv+t+ yksx dgrs gSa fd ihj ck; ds njtk esa gksrk gS bl fy,
eqjhnk dks ihj ls inkZ djuk ykfte ughaa rks D;k ;g lgh gS \
tokc%& ;g [;ky xyr gS 'kjvu ihj ls Hkh inkZ okftc gS tc fd egje
u gks ¼vgdkesa 'kjhvr ftYn 2 lQk 181½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd yM++dh dks nks cjl rd vkSj yM++ds dks <kbZ
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cjl rd nw/k fiyk;s vkSj dgha ml ds cjvDl ;g e'kgwj gS fd yM++ds dks
nks lky vkSj yM+dh dks lok nks lky rd nw/k fiyk, rks ml dk D;k gqDe
gS\
tokc%& ;g ckr 'kjvu nq:Lr ughaa cfYd nksuksa dh eqírs jtkvr nks
cjl gS A¼cgkjs 'kjhv+r ftYn 7 lQk 30 ½

loky%& eqgjZe esa lq[kZ] fl;k, vkSj lCt+ jax ds diM+s+ iguuk tSlk fd
cv+t+ yksx djrs gS dSalk gS \
tokc%& v'kj, eqgjZe es rhu jax ds fyckl vgys fcnvl igurs gSa
¼eqlyekuks dks bu rhuksa ls cpuk pkfg, vOoy lq[kZ ;k xqykch fd ;g
[kkthZ nq'keukus vgys cSr bTgkjs eqljZr ds fy, igurs gSa nqljs fl;ky
¼dkyk½ fd ml dks jkdth ¼f'k¸;k½ igurs gSa lkse lCt+ ;k /kkuh fd
rvft+;k nkjksa dk 'ksok gS A ¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ftYn 1 lQk 168½

loky%& voke esa ;g e'kgwj gS fd dqrqc rkjs dh rjQ ikao QSykuk euk gS
;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& ;g elvyk tksgyk esa cgksr e'kgwj gS dqrqc vkLeku esa ,d
flrkjs dk uke gS fd dqrqc 'kqekyh ds djhc gS rks rkjs rks pkjksa rjQ gSa
fdlh rjQ ikao u djs ¼vyeYQwt½

loky%& voke eas e'kgwj gS fd M+Rrj tkfuc ikoa QSyk dj ughaa lksuk
pkfg, ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& fgUnqLrku o ikfdLrku esa M+Rrj tkfuc ikao QSyk dj lksuk fcyk
'kqCg tkbZt gS mls uktkbZt le>uk xyrh gS A¼vuok:ygnhl lQk 388½

loky%& cv+t+ yksxksa esa ;g e'kgwj gS fd dqjku ethn vxj [kqyk gqvk
NksM+ fn;k tk;s rks 'kSrku i<sxk D;k ml dh dksbZ vly gS \
tokc%& ml dh dksbZ vly ughaa] eqfEdu gS cPpksa dks bl vnc dh rjQ
roTtksg fnykus ds fy, ,sl b[rsjkv fd;k A ¼cgkjs 'kjhvr ftYn 16
lQk 119½
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loky%& vkt dy nkLrkus vthc 'kgknr ukek vkSj uwj ukek fdrkc
mlds bykog nl chch dh dgkuh ] lksyk l¸;nksa dh dgkuh] oxSjg fdrkcsa
i<h tkrh gSa vkSj lquh tkrh gSa rks ml dk D;k gqDe gSa A
tokc%& ;g lc fdrkcsa eu ?kM++r fdLlksa >wVh dgkfu;ksa ij vkSj ckfry
fjok;rksa ij eq'krfey gS mu dk i<+uk vkSj lquuk erydu uktkbZt+ o
gjke gS A ¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ftYn 1 lQk 62½

loky%& voke esa e'kgwj gS fd gwtwj vdnl lYykYykgw vykSfg olYye

us ns[kk fd gtjr vehj eqvfo;k jft;Yykg vUg ;thn dks dU/ks ij ij
fy, tk jgs gSa rks gqtwj us Qjek;k fd tUurh tgUueh dks fy, tk jgs gSa
D;k ;g fjok;r lgh gS A
tokc%& ughaa] blfy, fd ;thn gqtwj vdnl lYyYykgq vySfg olYye
ds folky Qjekus ds rdjhcu 15 lky ckn lu 25 fgtjh esa iSnk gqvkA
¼[kqrckrs eqgjZe lQk 305½

loky%& vkt dy cgksr ls tkfgy xaokj cqt:xkus nhu elyu gqtwjs xkSls
ikd [oktk xjhc uokt] ckck rktqíhu ukxiwjh ;k ckck okfjl vyh nsok
'kjhQ jfn;Yykg vUgqe dh rLohjs crkSj rcjZqd vius ?kjksa vkSj nqdkuksa esa
j[krs gSa ;g dSlk gS \
tokc%& uktkbZt+ o xqukg gS dvck eqvTtek esa gtjt bczkghe o gtjrs
bLekbZy o gtjrs e¸;e vySfgeqLlyke dh rLohjs cuh Fkh fd ;g
eqrcjZd gSa ¼pqafd ;g ½ uktkbZt Qsvy Fkk bl fy, gqtwj lYyYykgq vykSfg
olYyk us [kqn nLrs eqckjd ls mugsa /kks fn;k¼vyeYQqt ftYn 2 lQk 17½

uksV %& cv+t+ yksx cqt:xksa dh rLohj ds lkeus ck vnc csB dj mu dk

rlCcqj djrs gS ;gcqr ijLrh ds eq'kkcg gS cfYd bLyke eas cqr ijLrh dk
njoktk [kksyuk gS tks l[r gjke vkSj uktkbt+ gS A

loky%& rhtk ¼fl;e½ fd Qkfrgk ds fnu dcz ijrsy M+kyuk ;k pus oxSjk
j[kuk dSlk gS \
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tokc%& l[ruktkbZt gS nwj csgw;k jLr dks [kre djsa ¼t:jh elkbZy½

loky%& uekt+ i<rs oDr vxj eksckbZy ctus yxs rks D;k djsa \
tokc%& ,d gkFk ls cUn djsa A ¼t:jh elkbZy½

loky%& njxkgksa vkSj etkjksa ij gksus okyh [kqjkQr vdlj eq[kkfyQhu

yksx vkyk gtjr beke vgen jt+k jfn;Yykgw rvkyk vUgq vkSj nqljs
myek;s vgys lqUur dh rjQ tksM+rs gSa gdhdr D;k gS \
tokc%& gdhdr ;g gS fd vYykg okyksa ds etk+jksa vkSj vkLrkuksa ij gksus
okyh [kqjkQkr vkSj ÅV iVkax gjdrksa dk vgys lqUur o tekvr ¼lqUuh
cjSyoh tekr½ ls dksbZ rvYyqd ughaa] cfYd vkyk gtjr beke vgen
jtk+ [kku Qkftys cjSyoh jgerqYykg vySfg vkSj nqljs vyekg vgys
lqUur us viuh fdrkcksa esa mu dk Hkjiwj jí ¼[kUmu½ Qjek;k A

vkSjrksa dknj 'kkg ij tkuk

vkSjrksa vkSj toku yM++fd;ksa dk gqtwj lYyYykg vySfgu lYye
ds eqckjd vkLrkus ds flok fdlh Hkh etkj vkSj njxkg ij tkuk tkbZt
ugha ¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k ftYn 1 ist 541½

etkjks dk rokQ djuk

etkjksa dk rokQ ¼pDdj½ vxj rkthe ¼cM+kbZ tkfgj djus½ dh
fu¸;r ls fd;k tk;s rks uktkbZt gS] D;wfd rokQ ds lkFk rkthe flQZ dkck
'kjhQ ds lkFk [kkl gS A vkSj etkj dks pweuk Hkh vnc ds f[kykQ gS Avkl
ikl dh M+aph ydM+h ;k nksuksa rjQ vkSj Åij dh pkS[kV dks pwe ldrs gSaA
¼Qrkok jfTo¸;kftYn 1 lQk 528½

etkj ij pknj p<+kuk

vxj etkj ij pknj igys ls ekStwn gks vkSj og iqjkuh vkSj
[kjkc u gks rks rks pknj p<+kuk Hkh Qqtqy ¼cs eryc½ gS cfYd tks iSlk bl
 84
esa bLrseky djsa og vYykg ds oyh dh ckjxkg esa lokc igqpkus dh fu¸;r
ls t:jr eUnksa dks nsa ¼vgdkes 'kjhvr ftYn 1 lQk 51½

fu;kt dk [kkuk yqVkuk

fu;kt dk [kkuk yqVkuk ¼Qsad dj nsuk½ gjke gS [kkuk dk bl
rjg yqVkuk ¼Qsaduk½ cs vnch gS ¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k 24 ist 112½
ekFkk Vsduk ;k :dw dh gí rd >qduk
ekFk Vsduk ;k :dwv dh gí rd >qduk bcknr ¼iwtk½ dk dk
ltnk ¼ekFkk Vsduk ;k :dwv dh gn rd >qqduk½ vYykg ds flok fdlh
dks Hkh djuk f'kdZ ¼dqÝ vkSj bLyke ls ckgj dj nsus okyk dke½ gS vkSj
rkthe ¼vnc vkSj ,grsjke½ okyk ltnk ¼ekFkk Vsduk ;k :dw dh gí rd
>qduk½ etkjksa dks gks ;k ihj dks ;k fdlh vkSj gjke gS A¼Qrkok jfTo¸;k
ftYn 22 ist 425½
isM+ ;k nhokj ;k rkd ij Qkfrgk fnykuk yksxksa dk ;g dguk fd
Qqyk isM+] nhokj ;k rkd ij 'kghn ¼;k dksbZ cqtxZ½ jgrs gS vkSj ml iSM+ ;k
nhokj ;k rkd ds ikl tkdj feBkbZ ;k pkoy ¼;k fdlh pht½ ij Qkfrgk
fnykuk] gkj Qqy pknj M+kyuk] ykscku ¼;k vxjcRrh½ tykuk] vkSj eUursa
ekuuk] ejknsa ekaxuk] ;g lc ckrsa okfg;kr] csdkj] [kqjkQkr vkSj tkfgyksa
okyh csodkQ;ka vkSj cscqu;kn ckrs gS A¼vgdkes 'kjhvr ftYn1 ist 22 ½

loky%&D;k ofy;ksa vkSj lgkck ds uke ls igys ejgwe yxk ldrs gSa ;k
ugha A
tokc%& yxk ldrs gS tku cw> dj Hkh vkSj Hkwydj Hkh ysfdu ge
bfEr;ktu vkSj vncu ugha yxkrs gS A