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  • 126 - VUSAME - Second-Order Differential Equation - Standard Form & Complementary Function

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    Badd Mizaj
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    This document discusses second-order differential equations and their complementary functions. It explains that the complementary function provides the general solution to the reduced equation and represents the deviation from the equilibrium value over time. It also notes that for dynamic stability, this term should disappear as time approaches infinity. The document then derives the complementary function by experimenting with exponential expressions and developing the characteristic equation to solve for the roots using the quadratic formula. It verifies the roots using two relationships - that the sum of the roots equals the coefficient of the first term and the product of the roots equals the constant term.

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    Advance mathematical economics

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    126_VUSAME_Second-Order Differential Equation_Standard Form & Complementary Function

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    This document discusses second-order differential equations and their complementary functions. It explains that the complementary function provides the general solution to the reduced equation and represents the deviation from the equilibrium value over time. It also notes that for dynamic stability, this term should disappear as time approaches infinity. The document then derives the complementary function by experimenting with exponential expressions and developing the characteristic equation to solve for the roots using the quadratic formula. It verifies the roots using two relationships - that the sum of the roots equals the coefficient of the first term and the product of the roots equals the constant term.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    19 views12 pages

    126 - VUSAME - Second-Order Differential Equation - Standard Form & Complementary Function

    Uploaded by

    Badd Mizaj
    This document discusses second-order differential equations and their complementary functions. It explains that the complementary function provides the general solution to the reduced equation and represents the deviation from the equilibrium value over time. It also notes that for dynamic stability, this term should disappear as time approaches infinity. The document then derives the complementary function by experimenting with exponential expressions and developing the characteristic equation to solve for the roots using the quadratic formula. It verifies the roots using two relationships - that the sum of the roots equals the coefficient of the first term and the product of the roots equals the constant term.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Advanced Mathematical Economics

    Second-Order
    Differential Equation
    Standard Form &
    Complementary
    Function

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 1


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)
     
    Complementary Function :
    General solution (containing
    arbitrary constants) of reduced
    equation. provides deviation of
    time path from equilibrium
    value, at every point in time.

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 2


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)
     
    This is why, for dynamic stability,
    we want term to disappear. So
    that reaches : → when → .

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 3


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)

     
    Derivation of the
    Complementary Function :
    Exponential expressions served
    well in complementary
    functions for differential
    equations as first order
    differential equations.
    Experimenting with a
    comparison numerical
    instance:

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 4


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 5


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)

     
    Therefore, we can develop
    Characteristic Equation, by
    substituting the value of , and :

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 6


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)

    Comparing we get , , , .

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 7


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)

     
    Quadratic Formula: becomes:

    and

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 8


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)
     
    Two Relationships to verify the
    Roots :
    Relationship – I: Sum of the
    two roots equals .

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 9


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)
     

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 10


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)

     
    Relationship – II: Product of the
    two roots equals .

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 11


    Second-Order Differential Equation: (yc)

    END

    6/20/2021 Dr Bilal Mehmood [Associate Professor, Director (CEBR)] 12

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