Carotid and Subclavian Arteries

With Dr. Craig Canby

Malikkah Malhotra, malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com

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 Introduction
Carotid and Subclavian Arteries

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Carotid Arteries
Carotid Arterial System

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Carotid Arteries
Carotid Arterial System

Common carotid
artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Carotid Arteries
Carotid Arterial System

External carotid
artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Carotid Arteries
Carotid Arterial System

Internal carotid
artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

External carotid artery

Internal carotid artery

Common carotid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Superior thyroid
artery
Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Superior thyroid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Ascending
pharyngeal artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Superior thyroid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Lingual artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Lingual artery

Superior thyroid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Facial artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Facial artery

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Lingual artery

Superior thyroid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Occipital artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Occipital artery

Facial artery

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Lingual artery

Superior thyroid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Posterior
auricular artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Posterior auricular artery

Occipital artery

Facial artery

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Lingual artery

Superior thyroid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Maxillary artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Maxillary artery

Posterior auricular artery

Occipital artery

Facial artery

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Lingual artery

Superior thyroid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Superficial
temporal artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Eight Branches

Maxillary artery

Superficial temporal artery

Posterior auricular artery

Occipital artery

Facial artery

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Lingual artery

Superior thyroid artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 External Carotid Artery
Mnemonic
• Some anatomists like freaking
Superficial
out poor medical students
temporal artery

Maxillary artery
Posterior
auricular artery
Occipital artery
Facial artery

Lingual artery
Ascending
pharyngeal artery
Superior thyroid
artery
Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Superficial Temporal Arteritis
Clinical Correlation
• Inflammation of the superficial temporal
artery
Superficial
• Symptoms temporal artery
• Throbbing headache on
involved side

• Scalp tenderness on
involved side

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Carotid Artery Disease
Clinical Correlation

• Atherosclerotic buildup

• Symptoms
• Sudden numbness or
weakness (ipsilateral
usually)

• Difficulty speaking
External carotid
• Visual disturbances artery

• Sudden dizziness Internal carotid

artery
• Sudden severe
headache Common carotid
artery
Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human
Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Subclavian Artery
Four Branches

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Subclavian Artery
Four Branches

Vertebral artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Subclavian Artery
Four Branches

Vertebral artery

Thyrocervical trunk

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Subclavian Artery
Four Branches

Vertebral artery

Costocervical trunk Thyrocervical trunk

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Subclavian Artery
Four Branches

Vertebral artery

Costocervical trunk Thyrocervical trunk

Internal thoracic artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Vertebral Artery
Course Through Transverse Foramina
• Vertebral artery enters the transverse
foramen of CVI 90% of the time

• CV 5% of the time

• CIV and CVII 2% of the time

90%
• CIII 1% of the time

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Vertebral Artery
Course Through Transverse Foramina
• Vertebral artery enters the transverse
foramen of CVI 90% of the time

• CV 5% of the time

• CIV and CVII 2% of the time 5%

90%
• CIII 1% of the time

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Vertebral Artery
Course Through Transverse Foramina
• Vertebral artery enters the transverse
foramen of CVI 90% of the time

• CV 5% of the time
2%
• CIV and CVII 2% of the time 5%
90%
• CIII 1% of the time 2%

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Vertebral Artery
Course Through Transverse Foramina
• Vertebral artery enters the transverse
foramen of CVI 90% of the time

• CV 5% of the time 1%
2%
• CIV and CVII 2% of the time 5%
90%
• CIII 1% of the time 2%

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Vertebral Artery Syndrome
Clinical Correlation
• Atherosclerotic lesions of the proximal
vertebral artery

• Dissection of vertebral artery proximal to it 1%

entering the transverse foramen 2%
5%
90%
2%

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Vertebral Artery Syndrome
Clinical Correlation
May cause
• Dizziness

• Diplopia 1%
2%
• Bilateral leg weakness 5%
90%
• Hemiparesis 2%

• Numbness

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Arterial Supply
Circle of Willis

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Arterial Supply
Circle of Willis

Internal carotid artery

Vertebral artery

Paulsen and Waschke, Atlas of Human

Malikkah Malhotra, Anatomy, 15th edition, Elsevier GmbH 2011
malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com
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 Summary
Carotid and Subclavian Arteries
• The carotid and subclavian arteries provide
branches that supply the head, including
brain and neck structures.

• Inflammation of the superficial temporal

artery may result in throbbing headache
and pain on involved side.

• Atherosclerotic lesions of the vertebral

and carotid arteries may produce transient
ischemic attacks or strokes.

Malikkah Malhotra, malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com

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 Attribution

The images used in this presentation were

sourced from:

Paulsen and Waschke:

Atlas of Human Anatomy, 15th edition,
Elsevier GmbH 2011

Malikkah Malhotra, malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com

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 This document is a property of: Malikkah Malhotra

Note: This document is copyright protected. It may not be copied, reproduced, used, or
distributed in any way without the written authorization of Lecturio GmbH.

Malikkah Malhotra, malikkah.malhotra75@gmail.com

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