Basketball

Basketball is a ball game played by two opposing teams of five players each.
The objective of each team is to attack the opponent’s court and shoot the
ball into their basket to make a point. It is played in two halves of 20 minutes
and after 40 minutes, the team that makes more points wins the game.
At the end of the module, the student is expected to:
1. Understand the history of basketball
2. Identify the materials and equipment used in playing the sport
3. Identify the different parts of a basketball court
4. Determine the correct footwork and defensive stance in basketball

History
The game basketball started with a peach basket and eventually became an
instant hit for people at that time. Dr. James Naismith discovered the game in
1892, but it was Dr. Luther Gullick, a PE professor from YMCA, Springfield,
who was very eager to come up with a new team game similar to other ball
games. It was then Naismith, his student who was eventually assigned to
come up with a brand new game which requires a number of participants.
Even under pressure to beat the deadline, he came up with an idea to hang
two peach baskets at both ends of a court designed with a hoop and a
volleyball. The objective of the game was to shoot the ball from the hoop and
the team with the most number of shots made wins the game. After
demonstration, the game became an instant hit. It was then that the
development of this game started. They formulated the rules that would
guide them in playing. The game was played in different places in America
first and then in other countries. In 1936, basketball was included in the
Olympic games. Basketball was brought to the Philippines by the Americans.
It became popular and was included in the Physical Education curriculum
and even an event in school sports program.
It is now played by both young and adults, from all walks of life, and even
girls in different levels of competition.

Materials and Equipment

The Court
The court is rectangular in shape, which measures 28m x 15m. It should be a
flat surface free from obstacles, rubberized colored paint for outdoor court
and wooden floor for indoor court. The court consists of the center line,
center circle, free throw line/free throw lane and the restricted area.

Course Module
Basketball Court Dimensions. Retrieved from: http://www.betterbasketballcoaching.com/Basketball-Court-
Dimensions.html on April 14, 2018

Center Line is the line that divides the court into two equal parts.
Center Circle is a circle drawn at the middle of the court that measures 3.60m
in diameter. This is the area wherein the jumpball is done.
Free throw line/Free throw lane is an extending lane from the endline to 15
feet in front of the backboard. This is where the players positioned during a
free throw. Free throw lane is the lane where players stays during the free
throw.
Restricted area is the area below the ring and the board. This is the base
drawn on the endline which is 6m apart and connected by a 3.60m encircled
line. A 3 second violation is being called to players who stay in this area for 3
seconds.
The boundary lines mark all the sides of the court, defining its boundaries.

The Ring and Backboard

The ring is made up of solid iron with 45 cm diameter attached to the board
lying on a horizontal place 3.05m above the floor. The ring is 20mm thick,
where the net measuring 40cm long, is attached. It should be fixed on the
board. The size of the board is 1.80m x 1.20m x 0.3m. The target area is .5m x
.45 m from the top of the ring. The lines of the target area are 5cm thick.
 The board must be firmly installed at a 90 angle from the floor aligned with
the endline. The lower edge is 2.75m from the floor. The support post is
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. The board must be pointed with light color to make it clearly visible.

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 Ring and Backboard Dimensions. Retrieved from:
https://cdn.instructables.com/FNQ/WTXP/G2HE19H9/FNQW TXPG2HE19H9.LARGE.jpgc on February 17, 2017
The Ball
The ball shall be made of leather or rubber on synthetic materials.
Approximately, it is less than 75cm to 78cm in circumference with a weight
not less than 567-650 grams. The colors shall be in dark orange for men, and
tri-color for women. Women’s basketball is much lighter and smaller
compared to men’s basketball.

Ball measurements. Retrieved from; http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Basketball.html on

March 12, 2017

During the Game

These are the equipment and material required during a game or official
competition.

Shoes
Rubber shoes is preferred in any brand provided that it is made up of rubber
sole, synthetic as leather at the top to cover and keep the feet safe.

Sando or Jersey and Shorts

This depends on the preference of the players. Uniform comprises of a sando
or jersey, shorts and socks.
 Basketball uniforms. Retrieved from; https://getgitch.com/product/sublimated-full-
basketball-uniform/ on April 10, 2018
The Technical Equipment
The following technical equipment must be provided by the home team and
shall be at the hands of the officials that will control the game (Perez, 2004).
1. The game clock and time-out watch. The timekeeper must be provided
with a game clock to keep track of the timing periods during a game and
the stopwatch for timing stop-outs.
2. A device for the 30-second rule that is visible to both players and
spectators.
3. Markers with numbers 1 to 5 for the scorer
4. Two foul markers at the scorer’s table, visible to players, coaches and
officials.
5. Official score sheet provided by the International Amateur Basketball
Federation

Footwork and Defensive Stance

Footwork
It is the movement of the feet when dribbling or when putting the defense
against the opponent. It requires the player to master the skill to minimize
and avoid the errors or faults in offense or in defense.

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 Defensive Stance
It is the movement of the feet and hands together with the body in cylinder
position in putting a defense to avoid committing fouls against an offensive
player.

Positions and Roles

A basketball team in a game must consist of 5 players, with roles divided
evenly among them. The basic positions in basketball are the following;
1. Center – commonly the tallest player who is positioned near the basket to
retrieve the ball for rebounds. Compared to other players, the player in
center position is usually the one with the higher physical strength and
athleticism. The center players are in charge of blocking the opponent’s
defenders and opening up the goal for his teammates. They must be good
at executing quick jump shots and hook shots. It is also the center’s
responsibility to keep opponents from scoring by blocking their shots and
passes within the key area.
2. Power forward – commonly the second tallest player in the team who
comes close to the center’s physical strength and athleticism but has
more speed. The power forward may choose to play under the hoop or in
the wings and corner areas. This player is also expected to be as good as
the center in claiming rebounds and shooting from the inside, and good in
shooting from further distances than the center.
3. Small forward – the shorter one between the two forwards who has the
ability to effectively play inside like the previous two positions and guard.
Small forwards can execute shoots from the distance of all five positions
and may be considered as one of the best shooters from team.
4. Shooting guard – the shortest player in the team who possesses
exceptional swift dribbling skills, passing skills and court vision. This
player leads the play by bringing down the ball to court to execute
offensive plays. The shooting guard is responsible for taking the most
shots so he must be an accurate shooter, even from the three-point range.
5. Point guard – can be the shortest player in the team, too, who is
considered the best in handling, dribbling and passing the balls. With
court vision and intelligence, a point guard coordinates the teammates
while on offense. One skill that a point guard must also possess is the long
distance shooting.
 Basketball positions and roles. Photo retrieved from;
https://www.myactivesg.com/~/media/consumer/i mages/sports/basketball/basketballposi ti
ons.png on April 14, 2018

References
Perez, Vilma et.al. Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health (MAPEH).
Quezon City: St. Bernadette Publications. 2004.
Basketball positions and roles. Retrieved from:
https://www.myactivesg.com/sports/basketball/how-to-
play/basketball-rules/basketball-positions-and-roles on April 14,
2018
History of Basketball. Retrieved from:
https://mymission.lamission.edu/userdata/ruyssc/docs/History%20
of%20basketball.pdf on April 19, 2017
Basketball. Retrieved from:
https://www.lths.net/cms/lib/IL01904810/Centricity/domain/165/
units/Basketball.pdf on March 3, 2017
2017 Official Basketball Rules: Basketball Rules & Basketball Equipment.
Retrieved from:
http://www.fiba.basketball/OBR2017/BasketballEquipment/Final.pd
f on April 3, 2018

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Basketball rules. Retrieved from:
http://web.mst.edu/~ima/Rules/Basketball%20Rules.pdf on April 3,
2018
Basketball equipment. Retrieved from:
https://www.sikana.tv/en/sport/learn-to-play-
basketball/basketball-equipment on April 10, 2018
Basketball positions and roles. Retrieved from:
https://www.sikana.tv/en/sport/learn-to-play-
basketball/basketball-positions-and-roles on April 10, 2018
Warming up without a ball. Retrieved from:
https://www.sikana.tv/en/sport/learn-to-play-basketball/how-
warm-up-without-ball on April 10, 2018
Warming up with the ball. Retrieved from:
https://www.sikana.tv/en/sport/learn-to-play-basketball/warm-up-
with-ball on April 10, 2018