One mole of any substance is the amount of the substance containing same number of

particles as in 12 g of C–12 or Avogadro constant = NA = 6.02 × 1023

particles/atoms/molecules

Avogadro constant is the number of particles in a mole of a substance

Mass of one mole of an element = molar mass of element =

M = A grams , where A is the mass∨nucleonnumber of the element

e.g C-12, M =12g

U-235, M = 235 g

Na -23, M= 23 g

Fe – 56, M =56 g

Number of moles in a substance = n

Mass of substance = m
Molar mass of substance = M
Number of particles (atoms or molecules) in the substance = N

m N
n= ∨
M NA

Ex1 A solid iron cube of side 20 mm has a mass of 63 g. The molar mass of iron is 56 g.
(a) How many iron atoms are there in the cube?
(b) Hence find the maximum volume that an iron atom could occupy in the solid state.
(c) Use your answer to (b) to estimate the diameter of the iron atom.

mass of solid iron cube 6.3 ×10−2 kg

n= = =1.125moles
molar mass 5.6 ×10−2 kg
Number of atoms in the cube = n N A =6.77 ×1023

volume of cube
Maximum volume of one atom of iron = =1.18 × 10−29 m3
number of iron atoms

Assuming that an iron atom occupies a cube of length d

d 3=1.18 × 10−29
d=2.3× 10−10 m

Ex 2 The viscous (drag) force F on a sphere of radius r moving steadily with speed v in a
fluid of viscosity is given by F=6 πr v. Find the SI unit for and express the SI unit in terms
of base units.