Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter - 7 Directing: Motivation-Motivation Process of Stimulating People To Accomplish Desired Goals. It
Chapter - 7 Directing: Motivation-Motivation Process of Stimulating People To Accomplish Desired Goals. It
DIRECTING
CONCEPT MAPPING:
• Concept and importance
• Elements of Directing
- Supervision-concept, functions of a supervisor.
- Motivation-concept, Maslow’s hierarchy of need: Financial and non-financial
incentives.
- Leadership-concept, styles-authoritative, democratic and laissez faire.
- Communication- concept, formal and informal communication; barriers to
effective communication, how to overcome the barriers.
Leadership Styles:
I. Autocratic Leadership Style:-
(a).Meaning: It refers to that leadership style in which the leader tends to run the show all by
him-self.
(b).Characteristics: (i) Centralized Authority, (ii) Single –man Decision, (iii) Wrong Belief
Regarding Employee, (iv) Only Downward Communications.
(c). Advantages: (i) Quick and Clear Decisions, (ii) Satisfactory Work, (iii) Necessary for Less
Educated Employees.
(d).Disadvantages: (i) Lack of Motivation, (ii) Agitation by Employees, (iii) Possibility of
Partiality.
II. Democratic Leadership Style :-
(a). Meaning: It refers to that leadership style in which the leader consult with his sub
ordinates before making any final decisions.
(b).Characteristics: -(i)Cooperative Relations,(ii)Belief in Employees, (iii) Open
Communication.
(c ).Advantages : (i) High Morale, (ii)Creations of More Efficiency and Productivity, (iii)
Availability of Sufficient Time for Constructive Work.
(d).Disadvantages: (i) Requirement of Educated Subordinates, (ii) Delay in Decisions, (iii)Lack
of Responsibility in Managers.
Q8).“All managers are leaders, but all leaders are not managers.” Do you agree with
this statement? Give any three reasons in support of your answer. 3/4 M
A: Yes, I agree with this statement.
Difference between leadership and management :
Ans).Advantages: 1.quick and clear decisions 2.Satisfactory work 3.Necessary for less
educated employees
1).It is concerned with instructing guiding and inspiring people in the organization to
achieve its objectives. Name it. 1M
A: Directing
2) Every manager from top executive to superior performs the function of
directing. Which characteristic of directing is referred here? 1M
A) Directing takes place every level of management.
3) It means overseeing the subordinates at work. Which element of directing is
referred to? 1M
A: Supervision.
4) Supervisor acts as a link between workers and management. How? 1M
A: Supervisor conveys management ideas to the workers on one hand and workers problems
to the management on the other.
5) It refers to the way in which urges, drives, desires, aspirations, strivings or needs
direct control and explain the behavior of human beings. Which element of directing is
indicated here? 1M
A: Motivation.
6) Motivation can be either positive or negative. Give two examples of negative
motivation. 1M
A) a) Stopping increments b) Treating
7).Which need in the hierarchy theory of motivation refers to affection, acceptance and
friendship? 1M
A: Belonging needs
8) It is an incentive offered over and above the wages/salary to the employees.
Name the type of financial incentive referred here. 1M
A) Bonus
9) Name the incentive which refers to ‘give more autonomy and powers to
subordinates’ and how are people affected by this incentives? 1M
A) Employee Empowerment : Due to this incentive people start feeling that their jobs are
important and they contribute positively to use their skills and talent in the job performance.
10) It is defined as a process of influencing other people to work willingly for group
objectives. Mention this element of directing. 1M
A) Leadership
11) It is process by which people create and share information with one another in
order to reach common understanding. Which element of directing is referred here?
1M
A) Communication.
12) Which element in communication process relates to the process of converting
encoded symbols of the sender? 1M
A) Decoding
13) In which kind of communication network, a subordinate is allowed to
communicate which his immediate superior as well as his superior’s superior? 1M
A) Inverted V.
14) Amit and Mikki are working in the same organization but different departments.
One day at lunch time Mikki informed Amit that due to computerization many people
are going to be retrenched soon from the organization. 4M
A) It is an example of informal communication.
Limitations of informal communication:
Messages tend to be distorted.
It often carries rumors.
It is unsystematic.
15) There are some barriers in communication which are concerned with the state
of mind of both the sender and the receiver. State any three such barriers. 3/ 4 M
A) It refers to physiological barriers: i. premature evaluation ii. Loss by transmission and
poor retention. Iii .Lack of attention.