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TOP MCQs on Environmental Engineering and Answers

250+ TOP MCQs on

Environmental Engineering and
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Basic Civil Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on

“Environmental Engineering”.
1. The living environment, the biosphere consists of __________
components.

a) 2

b) 4

c) 1

d) 3

Answer: d

Clarification: The biosphere consists of 3 components – land

(lithosphere), water (hydrosphere) and air (atmosphere). They are
all necessary for life to sustain on earth.

2. The presence of gas in water is indicated by:

a) Fizzing sound

b) Foam

c) Bubbles

d) Colour change

Answer: b

Clarification: Water may be polluted by the presence of some

unpleasant gases from industries. They are recognized by the
foaming of water.

3. To test turbidity of polluted water in the field, _________ is

used.

a) Baylis Turbidimeter

b) Jackson Turbidimeter

c) Turbidity tube

d) Turbidity rod

Answer: d

Clarification: The first three options are used to test turbidity in

the lab. The turbidity rod is a graduated aluminium rod.

4. Refuse may be of _________ types.

a) 2

b) 3

c) 4

d) 5

Answer: a

Clarification: The rejected materials which are collected in

dustbins and the foul discharges that are carried by underground
drains are termed as refuse. It may be dry refuse (grass, paper,
cloth, vegetable peels) or wet refuse (urinals, kitchen discharges).
5. In the method of trenching, the size of the trench may be:
a) 12 x 5 x 2m

b) 15 x 5 x 3m

c) 12 x 3 x 2m

d) 15 x 5 x 5m

Answer: c

Clarification: Trenching is a method of disposing of solid waste.

Trench is dug of size 12 x 3 x 2m, waste is filled and levelled and
then covered with a layer of earth or ash.

6. Hydrogen Peroxide is generated from:

a) Photochemical smog products

b) Explosive manufacturing industry

c) Automobile exhausts

d) Thermal power plants

Answer: a

Clarification: It is generated from the photochemical smog

products. It is a common pollutant in the air and can cause lungs
irritation when inhaled.

7. When some chemical is mixed with water, _________ is

formed.

a) Solution

b) Floc

c) Bubbles

d) Foam

Answer: b

Clarification: Coagulation can be explained by this method. Floc is

the thick gelatinous precipitate which forms when chemicals
(coagulants) are mixed with water.

8. Which of the below leads to disturbance of nitrogen fixation in

the soil?

a) Urban waste

b) Fertilizers

c) Pesticides

d) Industrial effluents

Answer: b

Clarification: Use of excess fertilizers destroys the microbial plant

life in the soil. It leads to disturbance of nitrogen fixation, which is
an essential process in soil.
9. _________ is the simplest equipment used for collection of
solid particulates.

a) Inertial separators

b) Filters

c) Settling chamber

d) Cyclones

Answer: c

Clarification: It consists of a chamber in which the velocity of

carrier gas is reduced in order to allow particulates to settle out of
moving stream under the action of gravity.

10. Pollution cases can be classified into _________ types.

a) 4

b) 2

c) 5

d) 6

Answer: b

Clarification: There can be two types based on special dimensions.

They are localised pollution cases (spill accidents) and diffused
pollution cases.

11. _________ is a raw material sent to and processed in a waste

recycling plant.

a) Recyclant

b) Nodules

c) Particulars

d) Recyclate

Answer: d

Clarification: It is used to form new products. For example, plastic

bottles can be a recyclate. It is Collected and processed to
manufacture new ones.

12. What are the main constituents of the environmental cycles?

a) Water cycle and food cycle

b) Water cycle and nutrient cycle

c) Nutrient cycle

d) Water cycle and air cycle

Answer: b

Clarification: The environmental cycles are natural processes in

which the different elements of the environment are cycled in
various forms. These include the water cycle and nutrient cycle
(which include Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Phosphorus cycles,
etc.

13. Failures within hydrosphere in oxygen cycle can result in the

development of:

a) Hyperoxic zones
b) Hypoxic zones

c) Hydrolic zones

d) Hydroxic zones

Answer: b

Clarification: Hypoxic zones are also called dead zones. These are
areas with low oxygen content and can be inhabitable for living
organisms. Any failure in the hydrosphere within oxygen cycle can
lead to the formation of hypoxic zones.

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