Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CH 15 MacForm
CH 15 MacForm
IAEA
International Atomic Energy Agency
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Stereotactic irradiation
15.3. Total body irradiation
15.4. Total skin electron irradiation
15.5. Intraoperative radiotherapy
15.6. Endocavitary rectal irradiation
15.7. Conformal radiotherapy
15.8. Image guided radiotherapy
15.9. Adaptive radiotherapy
15.10. Respiratory gated radiotherapy
15.11. PET/CT scanners and PET/CT image fusion
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.(2/259)
1
15.1 INTRODUCTION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.1 Slide 1 (3/259)
15.1 INTRODUCTION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.1 Slide 2 (4/259)
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15.1 INTRODUCTION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.1 Slide 3 (5/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2 Slide 1 (6/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2 Slide 3 (7/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2 Slide 4 (8/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2 Slide 5 (9/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2 Slide 6 (10/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.1 Physical and clinical requirements for radiosurgery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.1 Slide 1 (11/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.1 Slide 2 (12/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.2 Diseases treated with stereotactic irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.2 Slide 1 (13/259)
Treatment options:
6 months after radiosurgery
• Surgery
• Embolization
• Stereotactic radiosurgery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.2 Slide 2 (14/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.2 Diseases treated with stereotactic irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.2 Slide 3 (15/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.2 Slide 3 (16/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.3 Equipment used for stereotactic radiosurgery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 1 (17/259)
Stereotactic frame
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 2 (18/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.3 Equipment used for stereotactic radiosurgery
Stereotactic
frame
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 3 (19/259)
Stereotactic frame
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 4 (20/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.3 Equipment used for stereotactic radiosurgery
Stereotactic frame
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 5 (21/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 6 (22/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.3 Equipment used for stereotactic radiosurgery
The white dots in the images are the fiducial markers resulting from the
intercept of CT slice with the fiducial marker plates.
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 7 (23/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 8 (24/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.3 Equipment used for stereotactic radiosurgery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.3 Slide 9 (25/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 1 (26/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.4 Historical development
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 2 (27/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 3 (28/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.4 Historical development
• Gamma rays from the Gamma Knife (201 gamma ray beams).
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 4 (29/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 5 (30/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.4 Historical development (1950s and 1960s)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 6 (31/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 7 (32/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.4 Historical development (1980s)
Dynamic rotation
• 1987 Podgorsak, Olivier et al.; Montreal, Canada
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 8 (33/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 9 (34/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.4 Historical development
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 10 (35/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 11 (36/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.4 Historical development
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 12 (37/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.4 Slide 13 (38/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 1 (39/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 2 (40/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 3 (41/259)
Main components of
the Gamma Knife:
• Source core
• 201 cobalt-60 sources
• Shutter mechanism
• Helmet and secondary
collimators
• Treatment couch
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 4 (42/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 5 (43/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 6 (44/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 7 (45/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 8 (46/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
Linac isocentre
Under ideal conditions, the linac isocentre is defined
by the fixed point of intersection of the gantry rotation
axis and the treatment couch or chair rotation axis.
• In practice, these axes do not intersect at a common point but
only come closest together within a best compromise sphere
which accounts for all possible combinations of gantry and
couch or chair positions.
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 9 (47/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 10 (48/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 11 (49/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 12 (50/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 13 (51/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 14 (52/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 15 (53/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 16 (54/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 17 (55/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 18 (56/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 19 (57/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 20 (58/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 21 (59/259)
Conical rotation:
• The patient rotates on a special treatment chair while the
gantry is stationary at a given angle off the vertical.
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 22 (60/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 23 (61/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 24 (62/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 25 (63/259)
Courtesy of
Accuray Inc.,
Sunnyvale, CA
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 26 (64/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 27 (65/259)
Targets in radiosurgery:
Spherical target
• Circular field - Single isocenter
• Possible with Gamma Knife and Linac-based radiosurgery
Irregular target
• Circular fields and Multiple isocenters - Conformal radiosurgery
• Possible with Gamma Knife and Linac-based radiosurgery
• Irregular uniform intensity fields - Conformal radiosurgery
• Only possible with linac equipped with micro-multileaf collimator (micro-MLC)
• Irregular intensity modulated fields - Intensity modulated radiosurgery
• Only possible with linac equipped with micro-multileaf collimator (micro-MLC)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 28 (66/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 29 (67/259)
Courtesy of:
BrainLAB,
Heimstetten,
Germany
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 30 (68/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 31 (69/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 32 (70/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.5 Radiosurgical techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.5 Slide 33 (71/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.6 Slide 1 (72/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.6 Uncertainty in radiosurgical dose delivery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.6 Slide 2 (73/259)
Many commercial
systems are currently
available for planning of
radiosurgical treatments.
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.6 Slide 3 (74/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.7 Dose prescription and dose fractionation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 1 (75/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 2 (76/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.7 Dose prescription and dose fractionation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 3 (77/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 4 (78/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.7 Dose prescription and dose fractionation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 5 (79/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 6 (80/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.7 Dose prescription and dose fractionation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 7 (81/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 8 (82/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.7 Dose prescription and dose fractionation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 9 (83/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 10 (84/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.7 Dose prescription and dose fractionation
(B)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 11 (85/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.7 Slide 12 (86/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.8 Commissioning of radiosurgical equipment
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.8 Slide 1 (87/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.8 Slide 2 (88/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.9 Quality assurance in radiosurgery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.9 Slide 1 (89/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.9 Slide 2 (90/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.10 Gamma Knife versus linac-based radiosurgery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.10 Slide 1 (91/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.10 Slide 2 (92/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.10 Gamma Knife versus linac-based radiosurgery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.10 Slide 3 (93/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.10 Slide 4 (94/259)
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15.2 STEREOTACTIC IRRADIATION
15.2.10 Gamma Knife versus linac-based radiosurgery
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.10 Slide 5 (95/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.2.11 Slide 1 (96/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3 Slide 2 (97/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.1 Slide 1 (98/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.2 Diseases treated with total body irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.2 Slide 1 (99/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.2 Slide 2 (100/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.2 Diseases treated with total body irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.2 Slide 3 (101/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.3 Slide 1 (102/159)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.4 Total body irradiation techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.4 Slide 1 (103/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.4 Slide 2 (104/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.4 Total body irradiation techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.4 Slide 3 (105/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.4 Slide 4 (106/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.4 Total body irradiation techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.4 Slide 5 (107/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.4 Slide 6 (108/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.5 Dose prescription point
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.5 Slide 1 (109/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.6 Slide 1 (110/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.6 Commissioning of total body irradiation procedure
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.6 Slide 2 (111/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.6 Slide 3 (112/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.7 Test of total body irradiation dosimetry protocol
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.7 Slide 1 (113/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.8 Slide 1 (114/259)
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15.3 TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION
15.3.8 Quality assurance in total body irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.8 Slide 2 (115/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.3.8 Slide 3 (116/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4 Slide 1 (117/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4 Slide 2 (118/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4 Slide 3 (119/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4 Slide 4 (120/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
15.4.1 Physical requirements for total skin electron irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.1 Slide 1 (121/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.1 Slide 2 (122/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
15.4.1 Physical requirements for total skin electron irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.1 Slide 3 (123/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.2 Slide 1 (124/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
15.4.2 Current total skin electron irradiation techniques
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.2 Slide 2 (125/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.3 Slide 1 (126/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
15.4.4 Dose calibration point
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.4 Slide 1 (127/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.5 Slide 1 (128/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
15.4.6 Commissioning of the TSEI procedure
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.6 Slide 1 (129/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.6 Slide 2 (130/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
15.4.6 Commissioning of the TSEI procedure
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.6 Slide 3 (131/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.6 Slide 4 (132/259)
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15.4 TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON IRRADIATION
15.4.7 Measurement of stationary and clinical TSEI beams
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.7 Slide 1 (133/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.4.8 Slide 1 (134/259)
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15.5 INTRAOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5 Slide 1 (135/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5 Slide 2 (136/259)
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15.5 INTRAOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5 Slide 3 (137/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5 Slide 4 (138/259)
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15.5 INTRAOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5 Slide 5 (139/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5.1 Slide 1 (140/259)
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15.5 INTRAOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY
15.5.1 Physical and clinical requirements for the IORT
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5.1 Slide 2 (141/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5.1 Slide 3 (142/259)
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15.5 INTRAOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY
15.5.2 Radiation modalities and techniques in the IORT
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5.2 Slide 1 (143/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5.3 Slide 1 (144/259)
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15.5 INTRAOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY
15.5.3 Commissioning of an IORT programme
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5.3 Slide 2 (145/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5.3 Slide 3 (146/259)
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15.5 INTRAOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY
15.5.4 Quality assurance in IORT
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.5.4 Slide 1 (147/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6 Slide 1 (148/259)
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15.6 ENDOCAVITARY RECTAL IRRADIATION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6 Slide 2 (149/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.1 Slide 1 (150/259)
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15.6 ENDOCAVITARY RECTAL IRRADIATION
15.6.1 Physical requirements for endorectal irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.1 Slide 2 (151/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.1 Slide 3 (152/259)
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15.6 ENDOCAVITARY RECTAL IRRADIATION
15.6.1 Physical requirements for endorectal irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.1 Slide 4 (153/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.1 Slide 5 (154/259)
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15.6 ENDOCAVITARY RECTAL IRRADIATION
15.6.1 Physical requirements for endorectal irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.1 Slide 7 (156/259)
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15.6 ENDOCAVITARY RECTAL IRRADIATION
15.6.1 Physical requirements for endorectal irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.1 Slide 8 (157/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.2 Slide 1 (158/259)
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15.6 ENDOCAVITARY RECTAL IRRADIATION
15.6.3 Quality assurance in endorectal irradiation
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.3 Slide 1 (159/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.3 Slide 2 (160/259)
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15.6 ENDOCAVITARY RECTAL IRRADIATION
15.6.3 Quality assurance in endorectal treatments
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.6.3 Slide 3 (161/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7 Slide 1 (162/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.1 Basic aspects of conformal radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.1 Slide 1 (163/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.1 Slide 2 (164/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.1 Basic aspects of conformal radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.1 Slide 3 (165/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.1 Slide 4 (166/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.1 Basic aspects of conformal radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.1 Slide 5 (167/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.2 Slide 1 (168/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.2 Multileaf collimators
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.2 Slide 2 (169/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.2 Slide 3 (170/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.2 Multileaf collimator
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.2 Slide 4 (171/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.3 Slide 1 (172/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.3 Acceptance testing of multileaf collimators
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IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.3 Slide 3 (174/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.4 Commissioning of multileaf collimators
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.4 Slide 1 (175/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.4 Slide 2 (176/259)
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15.7.4 Commissioning of multileaf collimators
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.4 Slide 3 (177/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.5 Slide 1 (178/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 1 (179/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 2 (180/259)
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15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
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IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 4 (182/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 5 (183/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 6 (184/259)
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15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 7 (185/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 8 (186/259)
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15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 9 (187/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 10 (188/259)
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15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 11 (189/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 12 (190/259)
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15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
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IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 14 (192/259)
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15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 15 (193/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 16 (194/259)
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15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 17 (195/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 18 (196/259)
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15.7.6 Intensity modulated radiotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.6 Slide 19 (197/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.7 Slide 1 (198/259)
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15.7.7 Commissioning of IMRT systems
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IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.7 Slide 3 (200/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.7 Commissioning of IMRT systems
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.7 Slide 4 (201/259)
• Ionization chamber
• Radiographic film
• Radiochromic film
• Thermoluminescent dosimetry
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.7 Slide 5 (202/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.7 Commissioning of IMRT systems
Verification of the
accuracy of the dose
calculation algorithm of an
inverse planning system
using radiochromic film
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.7 Slide 6 (203/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.7 Slide 8 (204/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.7 Commissioning of IMRT systems
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.7 Slide 9 (205/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.8 Slide 1 (206/259)
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15.7 CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY
15.7.9 Dose verification for IMRT treatment plans
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.7.9 Slide 1 (207/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8 Slide 1 (208/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8 Slide 2 (209/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8 Slide 3 (210/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8 Slide 4 (211/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8 Slide 5 (212/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8 Slide 6 (213/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.1 Slide 1 (214/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
15.8.1 Cone beam computed tomography
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.1 Slide 2 (215/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.1 Slide 3 (216/259)
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15.8.1 Cone beam computed tomography
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.1 Slide 4 (217/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.1 Slide 5 (218/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
15.8.2 Computed tomography Primatom
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.2 Slide 1 (219/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.3 Slide 1 (220/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
15.8.3 Tomotherapy
Tomotherapy
machine
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.3 Slide 2 (221/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.3 Slide 3 (222/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
15.8.3 Tomotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.3 Slide 4 (223/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.3 Slide 5 (224/259)
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15.8.3 Tomotherapy
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.3 Slide 6 (225/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.4 Slide 1 (226/259)
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15.8.4 The BAT system
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.4 Slide 2 (227/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.4 Slide 3 (228/259)
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15.8.4 The BAT system
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.4 Slide 4 (229/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.5 Slide 1 (230/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
15.8.5 The ExacTrac ultrasonic and x-ray modules
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.5 Slide 2 (231/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.5 Slide 3 (232/259)
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15.8.6 The CyberKnife
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.6 Slide 1 (233/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.6 Slide 2 (234/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
15.8.6 The CyberKnife
Modern CyberKnife
Main components:
6 MV linac
Robotic arm
Treatment couch
Imaging system
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.6 Slide 3 (235/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.6 Slide 4 (236/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
15.8.6 The CyberKnife
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.6 Slide 5 (237/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.6 Slide 6 (238/259)
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15.8 IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY
15.8.6 The CyberKnife
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.6 Slide 7 (239/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.8.6 Slide 8 (240/259)
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15.9 ADAPTIVE RADIOTHERAPY
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.9 Slide 1 (241/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.10 Slide 1 (242/259)
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15.10 RESPIRATORY GATED RADIOTHERAPY
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.10 Slide 2 (243/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.10 Slide 3 (244/259)
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15.11 PET/CT SCANNER AND PET/CT IMAGE FUSION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 1 (245/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 2 (246/259)
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15.11 PET/CT SCANNER AND PET/CT IMAGE FUSION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 3 (247/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 4 (248/259)
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15.11 PET/CT SCANNER AND PET/CT IMAGE FUSION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 5 (249/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 6 (250/259)
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15.11 PET/CT SCANNER AND PET/CT IMAGE FUSION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 7 (251/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 8 (252/259)
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15.11 PET/CT SCANNER AND PET/CT IMAGE FUSION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 9 (253/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 10 (254/259)
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15.11 PET/CT SCANNER AND PET/CT IMAGE FUSION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 11 (255/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 12 (256/259)
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IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 13 (257/259)
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 14 (258/259)
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15.11 PET/CT SCANNER AND PET/CT IMAGE FUSION
IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students - 15.11 Slide 15 (259/259)
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