7 Decimal notation

Decimal notation Test

7 58-59

Objectives O r al a n d me n t al s t a r t e r
Students will learn In the number six three one, the three means thirty.
1 to understand the meaning of What is the meaning of the seven in these numbers?
a fraction . Seven two . Seven two zero
2 to become familiar with place values . Seven two zero five . Six seven eight
in decimals. . One two seven
Say these as fractions:
. Your left side of your body: of your whole body
. Monday: of the days of week
. Spring: of the seasons of the year
. The months beginning with J: of all the months
Teaching notes
The lesson is set in the context of a girl looking through her mother's magazines and noticing
some advertisements which use fractions. The idea is then extended to tenths, hundredths etc. and
so to decimals.
Decimals are sometimes called `decimal fractions'. This idea is encapsulated in the approach
taken here.

Task (main teaching activity)

This is designed to reinforce the concept of fractions by using twelfths and then introduce the concept
of equivalent fractions.
This is done by drawing and shading appropriate fractions of a chocolate bar.
Answer to the Task:
2
12 ˆ 61 , 3
12 ˆ 41 , 4
12 ˆ 31 , 6
12 ˆ 21 , 8
12 ˆ 32 , 9
12 ˆ 34 , 10
12 ˆ 65

Money is then used to introduce decimal fractions, tenths and hundredths of a £.

Fractions involving tenths and hundredths are placed in columns according to place value and then
the decimal equivalent is written on the right-hand side.

?1 For the Discussion Point note that the decimal point goes between the units and the tenths.

Exercise
Some students may know the work in this lesson already; others will just think they do. Use the
Exercise to make sure that by the end of the lesson everyone really does understand it. Some of the
parts in Question 4 will catch out the unwary.

Pl ena r y
The final table encapsulates the Objectives. It shows the relationship between fraction, decimal and
the use of place value. During the Plenary, select one of the numbers displayed and look at the
different ways it can be written.

7 Decimal notation Formula One Maths Book A1 Q 2003, Hodder & Stoughton Educational 77
 Scales and dials WS
31S 60-61

Objectives O r a l an d m e n t a l st ar t e r
Students will learn Each finger represents five people.
How many people am I representing?
1 to read scales and dials, . Show two fingers . Show five fingers . Show eight fingers
some of which will Two fingers represent one pint of milk.
use decimals. How many pints of milk am I representing?
. Show two fingers . Show one finger . Show ten fingers
. Show seven fingers
All ten fingers represent 1 kilometre.
What fraction of a kilometre am I representing?
. Show one finger . Show nine fingers . Show eight fingers

Teaching notes
The work in this lesson relates to several aspects of students' lives, for example in other subjects at
school and in day to day living. It is very important for them to be able to read scales correctly.
The lesson starts with the context of an advertisement for a second-hand car and asks the students to
read the mileage of the family's car.

T a s k ( m a i n t e a c h i n g ac t i v i t y )
Intervals on scales and dials are frequently divided into fifths or tenths. This Task provides practice in
dividing by 5 and by 10 by finding the mean of either 5 or 10 items of data.
This involves additions and then divisions which lead to using a decimal point. It will probably be
necessary to discuss this with students before they try any questions on their own. It is intended that
this should be facilitated by writing the first decimal place in a different colour, as on a car's mileage
gauge, and in effect treating these as whole numbers. The meaning of the coloured digit can be
emphasised at the end of the investigation.
SU
8 Speed-up sheet 8 gives mileages of second-hand and showroom cars for use with the Task.
The total mileage per group is found and then the average is found using division.

Answers to the Task:

R 69 612.4 T 74 553.3 W 30 261.4 X 14 511.6 New models 9.6

In Example 1 each unit on the scale represents 2 mph. It is important for students to realise that in
this case 1 unit need not be 1 mph.

Exercise
Make sure students look out for cases where the scale is not 1 for 1.

P l e n ar y
A discussion of Question 5 in the Exercise will provide the Plenary to the lesson. There are sufficient
parts to ensure that most of the class can provide an answer and explanation.

78 Formula One Maths Book A1 Q 2003, Hodder & Stoughton Educational Decimal notation 7
 Addition of decimals WS
32E 62-63

Objectives O r al a n d me n t al s t a r t e r
Students will Write down the costs, in
pounds and pence, of
1 become familiar with addition . 5 oranges at 30p each
and subtraction of decimals . 4 cakes at 25p each
through use of money . 4 cakes at 26p each
2 check calculations by making . 10 disks at 23p each
approximations. . 100 stamps at 27p each
What change would you get in
these cases?
. Paying £7 with a £20 note
. Paying £2.50 with a £10 note
. Paying 66p with a £1 coin
. Paying £3.18 with a £5 note
. Paying £12.43 with a
£20 note

Teaching notes
The lesson is set in the context of re-equipping ready for a new term at school.
£20 is written as £20.00, introducing the idea of `padding out' with zeros. You will need to explain
to students that you can write a number with as many decimal places as you wish, whereas for money
we only use two places, representing the number of pence.
Change is calculated by subtracting the decimals.

Task (main teaching activity)

The purpose of the Task is to make students think about the value of coins and the different ways
that the same sum of money can be made, but, instead of paying with two ten pound notes, coins are
used from a money-box.

Answers to the Task:

Smallest number of coins ˆ 29
(10  £1) ‡ (6  50p) ‡ (12  20p† ‡ …1  5p)
Largest number of coins ˆ 55
(6  1p) ‡ (7  2p) ‡ (3  5p) ‡ (9  10p) ‡ (16  20p) ‡ (6  50p) ‡ (8  £1)

In the example at the bottom of the page, the idea of approximation is introduced. Approximations are
used to check the total bill. This is an important idea, but one that students will understand easily in
this context. The work includes a mixture of units, £ and pence, with the pence being converted into
pounds before the calculations are performed.

Exercise
While most of the questions are quite routine, notice the use of approximation for checking in Question
5(b). Check that your better students do and understand this.

Pl ena r y
The final example contains the main ideas for this lesson. Return to this for the Plenary. Ensure that
you emphasise the position of the decimal point.

Website links
www.funbrain.com/cashreg/
An amount of a sale is given. The amount tendered is shown. Students have to make up the correct
change by inserting the correct amount of notes and coins.
The site has a UK version with good graphics. The site is also differentiated and goes from `easy' to
`superbrain'. This acts as good practice at what could otherwise be rather mundane calculations.

7 Decimal notation Formula One Maths Book A1 Q 2003, Hodder & Stoughton Educational 79
Test Decimal notation test Test

l
1 Give the value of the number underlined.
7
(a) 0.32 (b) 0.342 (c) 0.567 (6)

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2 Write these fractions as decimals.
2
(a) 10 (b) 25 (c) 1
4 (d) 236
1000 (4)

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3 Read the following gauges:
(a) (b)

(c)
(6)

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4 Calculate these numbers without the use of a calculator:
(a) 2.4 ‡ 3.6 (b) 15.5 ‡ 14.7 (c) 24.02 ‡ 13.4
(d) 36.234 ‡ 25.68 (e) 27.567 ‡ 32.624 (5)

l
5 Subtract these numbers without the use of a calculator:
(a) 8.67 3.42 (b) 24.54 17.33 (c) 36.4 14.7
(d) 42.5 17.834 (e) 20.04 17.56 (5)

l
6 For her new flat Tara will need kitchen utensils.

4 mugs at £1.49 each

4 glasses at £1.49 per pack of 4
1 Teapot at £3.99
A set of crockery at £10.99
A Wok set at £17.99
A kettle at £14.99
A toaster at £12.49

(a) What will the total cost of her shopping list be? (3)

(b) If she has £100 to spend, how much has she left? (1)

Total 30 marks
A1

80 Formula One Maths Book A1 Q 2003, Hodder & Stoughton Educational Decimal notation 7
 Decimal notation
SU sheet SU

Scales and dials

8
Task, page 60

CAR REGISTRATIONS AND MILEAGES

MILEAGE REGISTRATION

53 000 R
28 000 T
23 600 W
24.3 Showroom model
9 348 X
17 862 X
2.1 Showroom model
73 500 T
32 000 R
29 800 R
83 752 T
17 593 W
1.8 Showroom model
23 918 X
59 000 T
120 000 T
63 000 T
16 700 R
15 624 R
18 000 R
35 680 W
6 250 X
15 180 X
13.6 Showroom model
49 000 R
51 623 T
45 716 W
6.2 Showroom model
110 000 T
72 000 R
150 000 R
260 000 R
63 418 T
93 240 T
28 718 W
A1

7 Decimal notation Formula One Maths Book A1 Q 2003, Hodder & Stoughton Educational 81
Worksheet Decimal notation WS
31S
Scales and dials
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1 The diagram below shows part of a ruler.
Write down the measurement for each of the labelled arrows.
Write each measurement as a part of a cm in decimal notation.

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2 The dial opposite is from
a volt meter.
Write down the
measurement in volts
for each of the labelled
pointers on the dial.

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3 Write down the correct measurement for each of the labelled arrows on the
following scales and dials.
A1

82 Formula One Maths Book A1 Q 2003, Hodder & Stoughton Educational Decimal notation 7
 Decimal notation
Worksheet WS
32E
Addition and subtraction of decimals
l
1 Ali bought the following computer games
Warlords £27.50
with money he has been saving.
Racer II £19.99
(a) How much did the games Fighter pilot £29.99
cost him altogether?
Later that same year he sold them to Warlords £18.75
a friend for the following prices. Racer II £12.00
(b) How much did he lose? Fighter pilot £22.50

(c) With the money he has made he decided to buy a new soundboard for his
computer. The new card cost £75.99. How much more money does he need
to buy the card?

l
2 Rachel is given £100 for doing well in her
exams, and decides to spend it on new clothes.
Shoes £27.75
Skirt £14.99
Opposite is a list of clothes she would like to
Blouse £12.99
buy, but she realises she cannot buy all of
Trainers £32.49
them!
Crop top £9.99
Jacket £33.45 What combination of clothes can she choose
Sweatshirt £14.99 to spend as much of her £100 as possible.
T-shirt £6.99 (She does not want to buy more than one of
each item.)

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3 `Image' is one of many hairdressers
in Avonford Town centre.
Here are their charges:
(a) How much money does `Image'
take on each of the following
days one week?
(b) What are the total takings for
the whole week?
A1

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